"THERMODYNAMICS Molar mass, gas constant, and crtical-point properties cas Citia-pont properties Molar mass, constant, | Tempera: Pressure, Volume substance Formula Magna!’ Rking-K* | tue UPS hme ar = 2397 0.2870 «| 1325 0.0888 Armonia Nis 170s 0.asa | 4058 nore Aeon Ar 39048 0.2081 dors Benzene Cis 7.115 0.1064 O2eas Bromine re 159.808 0.0520 1358 Butane Cio = 5B:124 0.1430 ° Gorton sive co: dol 0.1889 Carbon monoxide co zou 0268 | Carbon tetrachloride ecu 1382, 0.05405 | S564 02759 Chorne cr, joss © o.li7a’ | al7 ouizaa Chloroform Gc, 19.38 alosaee «| 5366 02403 Dielorevocmethane (R12) CCF, «12091. O.08B7E | BRAT o2179 Dichoetluvomethane (2) CHEF =—«10292« nga | 451.7 01973 Ethane GiHe 30070 «0276s | 3055 2.1480 Etiy alcool CHiow 6.07 .da0s | 516 ater Ettylene CoH zaose 0.2964 | 2828 1242 Hellum 003, —2,0769 $3 0.0578 inHerane 86179 00v6a7 | 507.9 0.3677 Hyerogen (norma) 2016 4.1240 333 010649 krypton 8380 © dovsaa | 2008 0.0824 Wetnane 16003 oie? | 191 0.0998 Hethy! alcohol soot 0.2595 «| «5132 0.1180 Wty chien sosss lea? | 163 0.1430 Neon 20.183 04119 445273047 Nitrogen zeois 0.2968. «|| «1262339 (0.0899 Nitrous oxide woos oes | 3097 «= 727086 Onygen 3ig9 02598 | «1548 08 0.0780 Propane 44037, oes. | 370 426 0.1998 Propylene ce aoat 0976 | 368 462 01810 Sulfur dioxide 50, caoss 0298 | 4307788 Tetrsooetnene (R-134e) «CCHF «10208, «=S« ola | 3743 4087 0.1847 Trehlowuoromethane (R11) —«CokF=«137.87 = .0082 | A712 = 4.38 0.2478 Water 40 ieo1s oes | 6473 «2209010568, Xenon 8 wis 006832 | 2698 = 5aB 0.1186 2a utc Kand Mise “The unt Kung KB eauialent to KPe = mag K. The gas constants clelted ram R= Rl, where nical Review 52 (1953). pp. Source: KA. Kobe ane RE. tynn, J. Sooty of Hasting, Re ate 0 AlrConatoning Engines, 236, and ASHRRE, Handbook of Fu 983), pp. 164.476 361 Aas, GA: Amarean reneeIdeal-gas specific heats of various common gases (@ At 300 K Gas constant, G, Gas Formula kilkg + K cng - K k Air 0.2870 o718 400 ‘Argon a 0.2081 0.3122 1.667 Butane Cato 0.1433, 15734 1.091 Carbon dioxide co, 0.1889 0.887 1.289 Cartan monoxide co 0.2968 0.744, 1.400 Ethane Cols 0.2765 1.4897 186 Etrylene Coe 0.2964 12518 237 Helium He 2.0769 1156 1.667 Hydrogen H, 4.1240 10.183 1.408 Methane chy o.51a2 1.299 Neon Ne ans 0.6179 1.667 Nitrogen Ne 0.2968 0.743) 1.400 Octane Cotas 0.0729 1.6385 1084 Oxygen o 0.2598 0.658 1395, Propane CoH 188s 1.4909 1126 Steam Ho 0.4615 1.4108 1327 Note The unt kg is equa Source: Goren 1 Van Wylen a Sons, 1988), 9. 687, Table AS lig ard. Sonntog, Fundamentals of Cassel Thermacimamic, Enis! Version, 3 ec (New York John Wily &(0) At various temper atures Ideal-ges specitic heats of various common gases (Continue Proportes oF Gases, NBS. or 568, 1355, o, G G c o Temperature, RINK ig kimg-K__kkgs Kk kllkg k K Air Carbon dioxide, CO. Carbon monoxide, CO 280 1.003 0.716 0791 0.602 1,314 | 1,039 1.400 300 1005 0.718 0.846 «© 0.657 1.288 | 1.040 1.399 350 1.008 0.721 0.395 0.706 = 1.268 | 1.043 1398 400 1013 0.726 0.939 0.750 1.262 | 1.047 1.395 450 1020 0.733 0978 = 0.790 1.239 | 1.054 1.392 500 1.023 0.742 1.014 0828 1.229 | 1.063 1387 550 1.040 0.753 1046 = 088711220 1382 600 1051 0.764 10750886 (1.213 1376 650 1063 0.776 11020913 1.207 1370 700 1075 0.788 1126 0937 1.202 1.364 750 1.087 0.800 1148 0.989«1.197 1.358 800 1099 0.812 1169 0.980 1.193 1.383 900 1121 0.834 1208 ©1015 1.186 1.343 1000 1142 _ 0.855 1.234 1045 1.181 1.335 Hydrogen, He ‘Nitrogen, Nz 250 14.051 9.927 1039-0742 1.400 | gia 1.398 300 14307 10.183, 1039 0.743 1.400 | 0918 1.395 350 14.427 10.302 1041 0.744 11399 | 0.928 1.389 400 14.476 10.352 1044 = 0.747, 1.397 | 0.941 1.382 450 14.501 10377 1049 0.752 1395 | 0.956 1.373 500 14513 10.389 1056 0.759 1.391 | 0.972 1365 560 14.530 10.408 1065 07681387 | 0988 1.358 600 14.546 10.422 10750778 1.382 | 1.003 1.350 650 14571 10.447 10860789 1:376 | 1.017 1.343 700 14604 10.480 1098 gol 1.371 | 1.031 1337 750 14.645, 1110 0.813 1:365 | 1.043 1.332 00 14.695 aizl 0825 1.360 | 1054 327 900 14.822 1145 ogag 1.349 | 1074 1.319 1009 14.983 167 -0870—«1.341 | 1.090 1313 Source: Kenneth Wark, Thermeyraries, the, (New York: MGraw-Hl, 1583), p 783, Tale AM. Oral pubed in Tabrl 1.400 1399 1.398 1395 1.392 1387 1.382 1376 1370 1.364 1358 1.353 1343 1.335 1.398 L395 (389 382. 373, 365 358 360 343 337 1332 327 319 313 Ideal-ges specific heats of various common gases (Concluded) (6) As a function of temperature B= a+ brs er + or (Tink, Gin kek) Temperature Stor Substance Formula _@ . c a range, K Max. Ave Nitrogen MN 28.90 1571 x 10% —O80BL x 10-* -2a73 x10" 273-1600 059 034 Oegen os 2548 1820 x10? -0.7155 x10-* 1312 x10-* 273-1800 119 028 Air = 2B11 01967 x 10- 0.4802 x 10- 11966 x 10°? 273-1600 072 0.33, Fyarogen He 2911 0.1916 x 10- 0.4003 x 10-> © -0.8704x 10? 273-1800 1.01 0.25 (Carbon monoxide 2816 0.1675 x10 0.5372 x 1o-> 2.222 x10 273-1800 O89 0.37 Carbon divide CO, 22.6981 x10"? ~3501 x10 7.469 «10? 273-1800 O67 0.22 Water vaper HO «32.24 (0.1923 x10? «1.085. x10 © 3.595 «10 273-1800 083 O24 Nitric oxie No. 2934 0.09395 x 10% 9.9747 x10-> 4.187 x 10-? 273-1500 O97 0.36 Nirousoride NO 2411 «5.8632 x10? © -3.862 x10 1058 x10 273-1500 059 0.26 Nitogen diode NO, 2295715. x10? 352 x10 7187 x 10 273-1500 046 0.18 Ammonia NH) 27.568 28630 x10? 0.99072 x 10° 6.5909 10"? 273-1500 O81 0.36 suitor & 272i 2218 x10 -1628 x10-> 3.986 x10? 273-1800 099 038 Sulfurdioxide SO, 25.78 5795 x10? 3812 x10 IZ x 10 273-1800 048 O24 Sulfurtrixide $0, 16.40 1458 x10 ~1120 x10 32.42 x10 273-1300 029 0.13 Acetylene GH, 218 9.2143 x10 6527 x10 IB2t x10 273-1500 146 058 Benzene Ci, -3622 48.475 x 10® ~3187 x10 77.62 x 10 273-1800 034 0.20 Methane! CHO 1903152 x10? 1.22 x 10S “8039 x 10 273-1000 018 0.08 Ethane! GEO 189 2096 x10 1038 x10 2005 x lo» 273-1500 040 0.22 Hydrogen chioide HCI” 30.38 0.7620 x10? 1.327 x10 4.338 x 10 273-1500 022 0.08 Methane cH, = 1889 5.024 1.263, x10 -1101 x 10-9 273-1800 133 057 Ethane Ca 6.900 17.27 6406 x10? 7285 x 10 273-1500 083 0.28 Propane GH 404 3048 x10? 15.72 x 1OF 31.74 x10 273-1500 0.40 0.12 Butane Cap «396. 37.15 x10"? 18.38 x 10" 35.00 x10 273-1500 054 0.24 Butane Cig “2813 4160x107 ~2301 x10 4991 x10 273-1500 0.25 0.13 nPentane Cis «6.778 4543 x 10% -2246 x 10-4229 x10" 273-1500 0.56 O21 nHexane Gi. 6.938 8522 x10? 2865 x 1O* 57.69 x10? 273-1500 O72 0.20 Ethylene GH «3.95. 1564 x10? 8.344 x10 17.67 x10? 273-1500 054 013 Propylene GH «B15 2383 x10 1218 x10 2462 x10 273-1500 073 0.17 Source: B.G. Ke, Camica and Process Thermodynamics (Engewons Cif, Ni: rei Hall, 1984), Used wih permissionProperties of common liquids, solids, and foods (a) Liquids Boling data at 1 atm _ eeting data Liquid properties Normal Latent heat of Latent heat boiling vaporization, | Freezing of fusion, Density, Specitic heat Substance point," hig Boint, °C hz ke pC _praln’ Cykllkg-" Ammonia “3331387 pcos | as ae e -20 665 0638 28 602 ‘Argon ~185.9 1 189328 -1855 1394 Benzene 80.2 394 55 126 202879 Brine (20% sodium chloride by mass) 103.9 - “74 = 2 1150 Butane 05 ae52 | -1385 803 “05 601 Carbon dioxide -784" 230.5 (a0) | -56.6 o 238 Ethanol 782 (8383 1142109 2 783 Ethyl aleohol 788 | -156 108 789 Ethylene gly 198.1 ) -108 1108 Giyeerine 1799 189 2006 1261 Helium -268.9 = = 146.2 Hysrogen ~2528 7592 595 70.7 Isobutane “117, 105.7 5938 Kerosene 208-298 2900 = 820 Mercury 356.7 2947 “389 13560 Methane -161.5 sis | -122 584 423 0 301 Methanol 645 1100 977992 2% 787 Nitrogen 1958 1986 | -210 253 | -1958 809 =160 596 Octane 1248 3063 87.8 180.7 20 703 Oil ight 2 910 Oagen 183 2127 137 | 183114 Petroleum 230-384 ns) Propane ~42.1 4278 goo | -t21 581 | o 529 so 449 Refrigerant-134a 2168 -96.6 501443 26.1 1374 0 1294 5 1206 Water 100 2287 00 3337 1000 2 (897 | 5 988 100 95B AZZ imation tamperature pressures blow he temperatura of eaoon dae se reo 18 KPa, exrbondlde ext 8s orgs. AO te feezng on ril-pant temperature of ~ 88 5°.)