Properties of common liquids, solids, and foods (Concludech ic heat, *c (b) Solids (values are for room temperature unless indicated otherwise) ‘Speci ‘Specie Density, heat, Density, heat, Gy Substance pxaim! atag%C_| Substance pigim! akg" Matas Nonmetals ‘Aluminum Asphalt 2u10 0.920 200 K 0.797 | Brick, commen i922 079 250K ‘01859 | Brick, fireclay (500°C) 2300 0.960 300K 2,700 0,902 | Concrete 2300 0.683 350K 0923 | Clay 1000 0.920 400 0.949. | Diamond 2420 o6ls 450K 0.973 | Glass, window 2700 9.809 500 K 0.997 | Glass, pyrex 2230 oan Bronze (76% Cu, 2% Zn, 8,280 0.400. | Grephite 2500 on 2% AD) Granite 2700 1017 Brass, yellow (65% Cu, 210 (0.400 | Gypsum or plasterboard +300 108) 35% Zn} lee Copper 200K 1.56 173°C o2sa | 220K 171 ~1o0re 0342 | 200K 186 500 0367 | 260K 201 oc ose1 | 273K oat 2u1 are. 3,900 0.386 | Limestone 1650 0.903 100°C 0.393. | Merle 2600 0.880 200re 0.403 | Plywood (Douglas Fin 545 121 Iron 7.840 0.45, | Rubber (oft) noo 1840 Leas 11310 0.128 | Rubber (hard) 1150 2.008 Magnesium 11730 1.000 | sand 1520 0.800 Nicke! 8380 0.440 | Stone 1500 0.800 Siler 10,470 0.235 | Woods, nard (maple, oak, et.) 721 126 Stel, ils 7,830 0.600 | Woods, sof fi, pine, ete.) 513 138) Tungsten 191400 0.130 ol ‘Specific heat, ‘Specie heat, Latent Latent wter tg Cheat of ‘Water tig "Cheat of content, Freezing Above Below fusion, content, Freezing Above Below fusion, Food Sh (mass) point, °C treenng freezing kl | Food omass)_ point, "© freezing freezing_kitkg Apples | e411 365 190281 | Lettuce 9 02 402 208 317 Bananas 7 08 335 178 251 | Milkwhole = 88_— 08379 .95 9 Beefround «= «67 = 3.08188 224 | Oranges 87-08 375 194 201 Broccoli 90 386 197 301 | Potatces ee 06) ase az) cat Butter 16 — 1.06 53 | Salmonfish 64. 2.2298 1.65214 Cheese, swiss 39 218 133130 | Shrimp 8-22 «362188277 Chere: 80 352 185 267 | Spinach 93-03 396201 31 Chicken ma 332 177 247 | Strawteries = 9008-385 197 SOL Com, swest 74 332 177 247 | Tomatoes.ripo 94 «08 © «399-202 34 Eggs, whole 74 332 0177 247 | Turkey bo 298 Les ala leecream 53 295 163 210 | Watemeln 93S 04396201 IT ‘cure: Values are obi rom various hands and the sources or ae eakuiatd, Wer entent and eeang zat dao onds ae Fam ASHRAE, Handbook of Fundamental, I version [lart, GA: Arerean Socely of Heating Retgorsing and Ar-Condning Engines, Icy, 1993, Caster 3, Table I. Froszinggoint isthe temperature at which eee ts or us ard vepsaties, end tre average eezng temper fo ther foo0eeee THERMODYNAMICS perature table ‘Specific volume, Enthalpy, Entropy, hike -K__ sat Sat Temp., press, ‘liquid, Sat iui, vapor, liguid, vep., vapor THC | PackFo__ 00% % ers 0.6113 0.001000 208.14 23753 0.000 9.1962 9.1862 0.8721 0.001000 147.12 2382.8 0.0761 8.9496 9.0257 1.2276 0001000 106.38 42.00 2389.2 0.1510 8.7498 8.3008 17051 o.001601 7793 © 62.99 2396.1 0.2245 2.5569 8 7814 2339 0.001002 $7.79 83.95 20029 0.2966 6.3706 8.5672 3.168 0.001003 4336 ©0488. 2009.8 0.3674 8.1905 8.5580 4.248 0.001008 3289 128.78 anes 0.4369 80164 8.4533 5628 0001008 2522 «16.67 223.8 0.5053, 7384 0.001008 1952 167.56 2430.1 os725 91593 0.001010 1526 18844 24368 0.6387 50 12.349 0.001012 1203 209.32 2443.5 209.33 2382.7 25921 0.7038 55 15758 001015 9.568 23021 2219.9 2450.1 230.23 2370.7 26009 0.7679 60 19.940 0.001017 7.671 261.11 2208.5 2456.6 251.13 23585 26096 0.8312 65 25.03 001020 6.197 27202 21911 2463.1 27206 23462 26183 0.8935 JO 31.19 0.001023 $042 292.95 21766 2469.6 29298 23338 2626.8 0.9549 75 38.58 0.001026 4131 31390 2162.0 24759 313.93 23214 25353 1.0155 80 4739 0.001028 3407 334.86 2147.4 2482.2 394,91 23088 26627 1.0753 85 57.83 00010832828 355BA 71326 2488.4 356,90 22960 2551.9 1.1343 90 70.14 0.001086. 2361 «37685 21177 24945 376,92 22832 26601 1.1925 95 8455 o.oo1040 1.98? 397.88 71027 2500.6 397.95 2270.2 2668.1 _1.2500 Sat press. MPa 0.10135 0.001044 2506.5 2676.1 1.3069 6.0480 0.12082 0.001048 asi24 26838 13630 5.9328 0.14327, 0.001052 2518.1 26915 14185 5.8202 0.16908 0.001086 2803.7 2699.0 1.4734 5.7100 0.19853 0.001060 2529. 2706.3 1.5276 5.6020 0.2321 0.001065 25346 2nas 15813 5.4962 0.2701 9.001070 25399 27205 lesad 5.3925, 03130 0.001075 2545.0 2727.3 1.8870 5.2907 0.3613 0.901080 2550.0 27339 17391 5.1908 6.9299 0.4154 0.001085 2554.9 2740.3 17907 5.0926 6.8833, 0.4758 9.5 27465 lasla 4.9960 6.8379 0.5431 2568.1 27524 18925 4.9010 6.7935, 05178 2568.4 675.5 2758.1 19427 4.8075 6.7802 005 0.001108 25725 697.24 2066.2 27635 19925 4.7153 67078 170 0.7917 0.901 25765 71921 20895 2768.7 20419 4.6244 6.6663 175 0.8920 0.001121 2580.2 741.17 2032.4 27736 2.0909 4.5347 6.6256 Lod2t 0.001127, 25837 768.22 20180 2778.2 2.1296 4.4461 6.5887 11227 9.901134 2587.0 78837 1997.1 2782.4 21679 4.3586 6.5465 1.2584 0.001141 2590.0 07.62 19788 27864 22359 4.2720 6.5079 13978 0.001149, 2592.8 829.98 1960.0 27900 22835 4.1863 6.4608362 237 08 na 312 533 sa 370 58 "3 13 198 ho is ea 2 45 ‘91 59 43 58 a7 33 96 5 ct n 3 a 35 ae 18 63 5 37 65 73 Saturated water—Temperature table (Concluded) ‘Speci volume, Internal enerey, Enthatoy Entropy, eg ‘lg ig tag set. Sat Sat Sat. Sat Sa Sat Se Temp., press. liquid, Sat Tiguid, Evap., vapor, quid, Evap., vapor, liquid, Evap., vapor, TC Pee ¥ ape vy Us Up re te Joo 1.5538 0.001157 0.12736 85065 1744.7 2595.3 852.45 1940.7 2793.2 2.3309 4.1014 6.4323 205 «1.7230 0001164 0.11521 873.04 17245 2597.5 87504 1921.0 27960 2.3780 4.0172 6.3952 Bio 1.9082 0.001173 O044] 895.53 17039 2599.8 897.76 1900.7 27985 2.4248 3.9337 6.3585 31s «2104 0.001161 0.09479 918.14 16829 260.1 92062 1879.9 26005 24714 3.8507 6.3221 320 231d 0.001190 0.08519 940.87 1661.5 2602.4 943.62 1858.5 26021 25178 3.7683 6.2861 228 «2.543 0.001198 0.07849 963,73 1639.6 2603.3 966.78 1836.5 28033 2.5639 3.6863 6.2503 530 9.798 0.001209 0.07158 986.74 1617.2 2603.8 990.12 1812.8 2804.0 2.6099 3.6047 6.2146 235 -3:060 0.002219 0.06837 1009.89 1594.2 26041 101362 1790.5 28042 2.6558 3.5233 6.1791 Bad 3.384 0.001229 0.08976 1033.21 1870.8 26040 1037.32 1765.5 28038 2.7015 3.4422 6.1437 245 «34648 0.001240 0.05471 1056.71 1546.7 2603.4 1061.23 1741.7 28030 2.7472 3.3612 6.1083 3s0 «3.973 0.001251 005013 108039 1522.0 2602.4 1085.36 1716.2 2801.6 2.7927 3.2802 6.0730 Bes «A319. 9.001263 0.04898 1104.28 1596.7 2500.9 1109.73 1689.8 2799.5 2.8383 3.1992 6.0375 3e0 «4.688 0.001278 004221 112839 1470.6 2599.0 1134.37 1662.5 27969 2.8838 3.1181 6.0019 265 «S081 0.00128 0.03877 115274 14439 2596.6 1159.28 1634.4 2793.6 2.9294 3.0368 5.9662 dro 5.499 0,001302 0.03564 1177.36 1416.3 2593.7 1184.51 1605.2 2789.7 2.9751 2.9551 5.9301 27s S942 O.001317 0.03279 1202.25 1387.9 2590.2 1210.07 1574.9 2785.0 3.0208 2.8730 5.9938 280 atid 0.001332. 008017 1227.46 1358.7 2586.1 1235.95 1543.6 2779.6 3.0668 2.7903 5.8571 285 6909 O.001348 0.02777 1253.00 1328.4 2581.4 1262.31 15110 27733 3.1130 27070 5.8199 350-7436 0.002366 0.02557 1278.92 1297.1 2760 128907 1477.1 27662 3.1594 2.6227 5.7821 395 7.993 0.001384 0.02354 1805.2 1268.7 2569.9 1316.3 1441.8 2758.1 3.2062 2.5975 5.7437 300 8.681 0.001404 0.02167 18320 1231.0 2563.0 1344.0 1404.9 2749.0 3.2534 2.4511 5.7045 305 9,202 0.001425 0.019948 13593 11959 2555.2 1972.4 1366.4 27387 3.3010 2.9633 5.6643 31o 9856 0.001447 0.018350 1387.1 1159.4 2546.4 1401.3 1326.0 2727.3 3.3493 2.2737 5.6230 315 10.547 0.001472 0.016867 14155 1121.1 2596.6 1431.0 12835 27145 3.2982 2.1621 3.5804 520 «11.274 0.001499 O.015488 14446 1080.9 2525.5 1461.5 12386 2700.1 3.4480 2.0882 5.5962 3012845 0.001561 0.012996 15053 9937 2498.9 1525.3 1140.6 2665.9 3.5507 1.8909 5.4417 5ad 14.586 0.001838 0.010797 15703 8943 2464.6 1594.2 1027.9 26220 3.6594 1.6763 5.3357 eo lesl3 0.001740 0.008813 16419 76.6 248.4 16708 8934 2563.9 3.7777 14335 5.2112 3¢0 18651 0.001893 0.006945 1725.2 626.3 2381.5 1760.5 720.3 2481.0 3.9147 1.1379 5.0526 370 21,03 0.002213 0.004925 1844.0 384.5 2228.5 18905 441.6 2332.1 4.1106 0.6865 4.7971 374.14 2209 “0.003158 0.003155 20296 0 2028.6 20993 0 2099.3 4.4298 04.4298 Source: Tables AA thou A-8 ae ada or Engle Version 36 ea (New York Jon Wey Philp. Hi and Joan G. Moore, Siem Tables, I Unis New Yr: John Wey & Sens, 1978) i Gordon Van Wien an Richard. Sonnag,Fundamentats ef Cassia! Trermadynamis, 2 Sone, 1986), pp. 635-651, Originslygublshed in Joseph H.Keanan, Freer G. Kayes, H,0THERMODYNAMICS Saturated water—Pressure table ‘Specific volume, Enthelpy, meg 2 The Sa Sat Sat Sat Sat. Set Press, temp... iquid, vapor, liquid, Evap., vapor, qui, Pia Tae" % yy (0.01 0.001000. 206.14 2375.3 001 25013 698 0.001000 129.21 2385.0 29.30 2484.9 1303 0.001001 87.98, 2393.3 5471 24706, 1780 0.001001 67.00, 23385 73.48 24600, 21.08 0.001002 54.25 2ioad 88.49 2451.6 2408 0.001003 45.67 2408.5 10105 2aaa.s 40 2896 0.001004 34.80 2a15.2 121.48 2432.9 t 50 32.88 9.001005 28.19 24208 137.82 2423.7 75 40.29 0.001008 19.24 16878 2261.7 2430.5 168.79 2406.0 10 4881 O.001010 1467 191.82 22461 24379 191.83 23028 4 5 53.97 0.001014 100 2aa.7 225.94 2373.1 20 60.8 0.001017, 2456.7 251.20 2358.3 8 64.97 0.001020, 2863.1 271.93 30 69.10 a.001022 2a684 299.23 3 20 7587 0.001027 2077.0 31758 2319.2 2636.8 1.0259 6.6441 76700 50 81.33 0.001030 2483.9 34049 23054 26459 1.0910 6.5029 7.5939 0.001037 2496.7 388.39 22786 2653.0 1.2130 6.2434 7.4564 b.001083 2088.7 2506.1 417.46 2258.0 26755 1.2026 6.0568 7.3694 o.o01048 2069.3 2513.5 444.32 2241.0 26854 13740 5.9104 72844 9.001053 20527 2518.7 467.11 22265 26035 14936 5.7897 7.2033 0.001087 2038.1 25249 5868 7.1717 0.001061 2025.0 25295 $04.70 2201.9 2706.7 1.5301 55970 7.1271 0.001064 2013.1 25336 27121 115708 5.5173 7.087a 0.001067 20021 2537.2 27169 1.6072 8.4855 7.0527 0.001070 1991.9 25405, 27213 7.0208 0.001073 1982.4 2543.6 2728.3 55919 0.001076 19738 2546.4 27290 1.7006 5.2586 6.9652 0.001073 1965.0 2548.9 2732.4 1.7275 5.2130 6.9405 0.001081 1956.9 2551.3, 27356 1.7528 5.1647 6.9175 o.00i08e 1949.3 25536 60474 21338 27386 1.7766 5.1193 6.8959 o.oo108s 1934.9 2557.6 62325 2120.7 27439 1.8207 5.0359 6.8565 0.001093 1921.6 2561.2 64023 21085 27487 1.8607 4.9606 6.8213 0.001097 1909.2 2564.5 665.93 2097.0 27530 18973 4.8920 6.7893 ©.001101 0.3157 669.90 1897.5 2567.4 670.56 2086.3 2756.8 19312 48288 6.7600 0.001104 0.2927 683.85 1886.5 2570.1 684.28 2076.0 27603 1.9627 47703 67331 0.001108 0.2729 696.44 1876.1 25725 697.22 20663 2763.5 1.9922 47158 6.7080 708.64 1866.1 25747 709.47 2057.0 2766.4 4.5647 6.6847 720.22 1856.6 25768 721.11 20480 2769.1 46166 6.0628 73127 1887.4 2578.7 7322: 27716 4s7L1 6.6421 Tala 19386 25805 742.83 27738 415280 §.6226 o.o1124 0.2042 751.95 1830.2 2582.1 753.02 20231 2776.1 4.4869 6 6041 0.001127 0.19444 761168 18220 25535 762.81 20153 27781 4.4478 6.5865 1806.3 2586.4 781.34 2000.4 28717 21792 4.3744 6.5536 1791.5 25888 79865 19862 27e48 22166 4.3067 0.18125 81344 1777.5 2591.0 81493 19727 2787.6 22515 42428 6.4953,