UNIT 1

INTRODUCTION TO SOFTWARE DEFINED RADIO AND COGNITIVE RADIO

1. ….……………. is an evolution of SDR

a) SWR
b) Artificial Intelligence
c) CR
d) GNU Radio

Answer: c

2. ….…………….. is a radio that is flexible to accommodate various physical layer formats and
protocols.
a) CR
b) Digital radio
c) GNU Radio
d) SDR

Answer: d

3. -------------------- is implemented using multithreaded, multiprocessor software ,error recovery,data

flow.
a) IF Processing
b) Joint control function
c) Evolution support
d) Multiband technology.

Answer: b

4. ---------------------- ensures privacy and assure data integrity

a) Information security
b) Transmission security
c) Channel set
d) Service and network support

Answer: a

5. Largest benefit of SDR Technology is the ……………….. it offers.

a) Save time and cost
b) Flexibility
c) performance
d) power

Answer: b

6. To termed “cognitive” a radio must be ………

a) Self dependent
b) Computational model
c) Self-aware
d) Have protocols

Answer: c
7. The ability to adapt without being a priori programmed to do via some form of learning is
a) Flexibility & Agility
b) Learning and adaptability
c) Intelligent adaptive behaviour
d) Sensing

Answer: c

8. ….…………….. is the ability to observe and measure the state of the environment including
spectral occupancy.
a) Flexibility & Agility
b) Learning and adaptability
c) Intelligent adaptive behaviour
d) Sensing

Answer: d

9. ….………….. is the ability to change the waveform and other radio operational parameters on the
fly .
a) Sensing
b) Flexibility
c) Learning
d) Adaptability

Answer : b

10. Sensing is necessary if the device is to change its operation based on its ------------
a) Knowledge of RF Environment
b) Knowledge of IF Environment
c) Modify internal operational behaviour
d) Analysis of a new situation

Answer : a

11. A --------------------- is an SDR that is aware of its environment ,internal state,and location and
autonomously adjusts its operations to achieved designated objectives.
a) GNU radio
b) Artificial intelligence
c) CR
d) Intelligent Radio

Answer : c

12. ------------------------ is the ability to change the spectral band in which a device with operate.
a) Networking
b) Sensing
c) Agility
d )Flexibility

Answer : c
13. ….…………………. is the ability to communicate between multiple nodes and thus facilitate
combining the sensing and control capacity of nodes.

a) Networking
b) Flexibility
c) Agility
d) Sensing

Answer : a

14. ---------------------- is a Radio that is governed by a pre-determined set of rules for behaviour.The
rule define the operating limits of such a radio.
a) Policy based radio
b) Software- Reconfigurable radio
c) DFS radio
d) Cognitive Radio

Answer : a

15. A Cognitive Radio always tries to minimize interference to other networks by changing its
frequency if other signals are present.
a) Backwards compatibility
b) Communication with other networks.
c) Improved reliability
d) Introduction of new services.

Answer : c

16. A SDR that incorporates software controlled antenna filters to dynamically select receviable
frequencies.
a) Policy based radio
b) Software- Reconfigurable radio
c) DFS radio
d) Cognitive Radio

Answer : b

17. The ability to sense signals from other nearby transmitter in an effort to choose an optimum
operating environment .
a) Policy based radio
b) Software- Reconfigurable radio
c) DFS (Dynamic frequency selection ) radio
d) Cognitive Radio

Answer : c

18. ----------------- is necessary to define the waveform personalities ,to download them (eg: over the
air ) and to assure that each new personality is safe before being activated .
a) Evolution support
b) Joint control
c) Channel coding and decoding
d) INFOSEC

Answer : a
19. ….……………. was a program of the US military to produce radio that provide flexible and
interoperable communications.
a) JTRS
b) CORBA
c) SCA
d) RKRL

Answer : a

20. The idea of using multiple non-contiguous portions of spectrum.

a) Spectrum policy
b) Spectrum polling
c) Spectrum hole
d) Spectrum property rights

Answer : b

21. ….…………….. is a band of frequencies assigned to a primary user, but a particular time and
specific geographic location, the band is not utilized by the user.
a) Spectrum policy
b) Spectrum polling
c) Spectrum hole
d) Spectrum property rights

Answer : c

22. Differentiate cognitive radios from normal radios is their agility is known as
a) Agile radio
b) Software- Reconfigurable radio
c) DFS radio
d) Cognitive Radio

Answer : a

23. ----------------------- refers to the discovery strategies for available spectrum as well as opportunistic
transmission in the identified spectrum.
a) Spectrum policy
b) Spectrum polling
c) Spectrum hole
d) Spectrum agility

Answer : d

24. ----------------------- is the phenomenon that occurs in communication system where the number of user
exceeds the predicted levels.
a) Data explosion
b) Spectrum polling
c) Spectrum hole
d) Spectrum agility

Answer : a
25. Role of ----------------------- is to alleviate artificial spectrum scarcity,promote efficiency and also
encourage innovations.
a) Spectrum policy
b) Spectrum polling
c) Spectrum hole
d) Spectrum agility

Answer : a

26. ----------------------- is an autonomous agent that perceives the users situation to proactively assist the user
with wireless information services, particularly if the user is too busy otherwise occupied.
a) SDR
b) Ideal cognitive radio
c) DFS radio
d) GNU Radio

Answer : b