Drug Name Classification Dosage Action Indication Contraindication Nursing Consideration

Dimenhydrinate Dimenhydrinate is 50 mg are centrally is indicated for ● overactive ● Advise patients

in a class of acting the prevention thyroid about the risk of
medications histamine-1 (H1) and treatment of gland. daytime
called receptor nausea, vomiting, ● increased drowsiness and
antihistamines. It antagonists that or vertigo of pressure decreased
works by are effective for motion sickness. in the eye. attention and
preventing the “prevention Dimenhydrinate is ● closed mental focus.
problems with and treatment of indicated for the angle ● Advise patients
body balance. nausea, vomiting, prevention and glaucoma. to avoid alcohol
or dizziness treatment of ● high blood and other CNS
associated with nausea, vomiting, pressure. depressants
motion sickness.” or vertigo of ● stenosing because of the
motion sickness. peptic increased risk of
It has a short ulcer. sedation and
duration of action ● blockage adverse effects.
of 4-8 hours. of the
urinary
bladder.
● enlarged
prostate.
● an inability
to
completel
y empty
the
bladder.

Gramicidin is a (1.75 Gramicidin Neomycin and > eye injury Although certain
heterogeneous mg/10,000/0.025 monomers form a polymyxin B medicines should not be
mixture of six mg)/1mL (10mL) β-helix sulfates and used together at all, in
 antibiotic peptides conformation gramicidin other cases two
obtained from the within ophthalmic different medicines may
soil bacterium membranes. solution is be used together even if
Bacillus brevis. Dynamic indicated for the an interaction might
Gramicidin is dimerization of topical treatment occur. In these cases,
active against two monomers of superficial your doctor may want to
most forms the infections of the change the dose, or
Gram-positive functional external eye and other precautions may
bacteria and channel, which its adnexa be necessary. Tell your
against select consequently caused by healthcare professional
Gram-negative induces local susceptible if you are taking any
organisms. It is membrane bacteria. Such other prescription or
administered as a deformation. infections nonprescription
topical encompass (over-the-counter
application. A conjunctivitis, [OTC]) medicine.
group of peptide keratitis and
antibiotics from keratoconjunctiviti
BACILLUS s, blepharitis and
brevis. blepharoconjuncti
vitis.

Neomycin Sulfate it belongs to a 500 mg it is bactericidal are indicated as are Monitor signs of
class of drugs in action. Similar adjunctive contraindicated in hypersensitivity
known as to other therapy as part of the presence of reactions, including
aminoglycoside aminoglycosides, a regimen for the intestinal pulmonary symptoms
antibiotics. It it inhibits bacterial suppression of obstruction and in (tightness in the throat
works by stopping protein synthesis the normal individuals with a and chest, wheezing,
the growth of through bacterial flora of history of cough dyspnea) or skin
bacteria in the irreversible the bowel, eg, hypersensitivity to reactions (rash, pruritus,
intestines. binding to the 30 preoperative the drug. Patients urticaria). Notify
Neomycin may S ribosomal preparation of the with a history of physician or nursing
also be used subunit of bowel. It is given hypersensitivity or staff immediately if
along with a susceptible concomitantly serious toxic these reactions occur.
special diet to bacteria. with erythromycin reaction to other
 treat a certain Neomycin is enteric-coated aminoglycosides
serious brain actively base (see may have a
problem (hepatic transported into DOSAGE AND cross-sensitivity
encephalopathy). the bacterial cell ADMINISTRATIO to neomycin.
where it binds to N section).
receptors present
on the 30 S
ribosomal
subunit.

Ciprofloxacin is in a class of 500 mg PO q12hr is a bactericidal is indicated in About 2 to 5 Notify physician or

antibiotics called or 400 mg IV antibiotic of the adult patients for percent of people nursing staff
fluoroquinolones. q12hr for 7-14 fluoroquinolone treatment of who take Cipro immediately if these
It works by killing days drug class. It infectious have diarrhea. reactions occur. Watch
bacteria that inhibits DNA diarrhea caused Sometimes for signs of
cause infections. replication by by Escherichia diarrhea can pseudomembranous
inhibiting bacterial coli become severe colitis, including
DNA (enterotoxigenic with loose watery diarrhea, abdominal
topoisomerase isolates), stools, bloody pain, fever, pus or
and DNA-gyrase. Campylobacter stools, stomach mucus in stools, or
jejuni, Shigella cramps, and other severe or
boydii †, Shigella fever. This may prolonged GI problems
dysenteriae, be due to an (nausea, cramps,
Shigella flexneri intestinal vomiting). Report these
or Shigella infection. If you signs to the physician or
sonnei† when have severe nursing staff
antibacterial diarrhea while immediately.
therapy is taking Cipro, talk
indicated. to your doctor.

Metronidazole is used to treat a 250 mg Metronidazole ● naerobic ● meningitis ● Take full course
variety of diffuses into the Bacterial not due to of drug therapy;
infections. It organism, inhibits Infections. an take the drug
belongs to a class protein synthesis Loading infection. with food if GI
of antibiotics by interacting with dose: 15 ● low levels upset occurs.
known as DNA and causing mg/kg IV; of a type ● Do not drink
nitroimidazoles. It a loss of helical not to of white alcohol
works by stopping DNA structure exceed 4 blood cell (beverages or
the growth of and strand g/day. called preparations
bacteria and breakage. ● Sexually neutrophil containing
protozoa. This Therefore, it Transmitte s. alcohol, cough
antibiotic only causes cell death d Disease. ● alcoholism syrups); severe
treats bacterial in susceptible ● Bacterial . reactions may
and protozoal organisms. Vaginosis. ● alcohol occur.
infections. Nonpregn intoxicatio ● Your urine may
ant n. be a darker color
women. ● a low than usual; this
● Colorectal seizure is expected.
Surgical threshold. ● Refrain from
Infection. ● a painful sexual
● Trichomon condition intercourse
iasis. that during treatment
● Amebiasis affects the for
. nerves in trichomoniasis,
● Giardiasis the legs unless partner
(Off-label) and arms wears a
● Gardnerell called condom.
a peripheral ● Apply the topical
Infection. neuropath preparation by
y. cleansing the
● prolonged area and then
QT rubbing a thin
interval on film into the
EKG. affected area.
● seizures. Avoid contact
with the eyes.
 Cosmetics may
be applied to the
area after
application.
● You may
experience
these side
effects: Dry
mouth with
strange metallic
taste (frequent
mouth care,
sucking
sugarless
candies may
help); nausea,
vomiting,
diarrhea (eat
frequent small
meals).
● Report severe
GI upset,
dizziness,
unusual fatigue
or weakness,
fever, chills.

Oral Rehydration There are three 200-400 ml Oral rehydration This product is are > Administer and
Solution main types of therapy (ORT) is used to replace contraindicated in monitor intravenous
dehydration: a type of fluid fluids and patients exhibiting fluid as prescribed
hypotonic replacement used minerals (such as the following > Administer
(primarily a loss to prevent and sodium, conditions:- antimicrobial as
of electrolytes), treat dehydration, potassium) lost cirrhosis of the prescribed
 hypertonic especially due to due to diarrhea liver, congestive
(primarily loss of diarrhea. It and vomiting. It cardiac failure,
water), and involves drinking helps prevent or nephrotic
isotonic (equal water with treat the syndrome, acute
loss of water and modest amounts dehydration. and chronic renal
electrolytes). The of sugar and Having the right failure, ischaemic
most commonly salts, specifically amount of fluids heart disease,
seen in humans sodium and and minerals is adrenocortical
is isotonic. potassium. important for the insufficiency,
normal hyperkalaemic
functioning of the periodic paralysis,
body. hyperkalaemia,
hypoventilatory

D5W (IVF) A crystalloid that 10-25 g ( 40-100 is injected into a Dextrose 5% in You should not ● May worsen
is both isotonic ml of 25%) vein through an water is injected use this existing
and hypotonic, IV to replace lost into a vein medication if you hypovolemia and
administered for fluids and provide through an IV to are allergic to hypotension
hypernatremia carbohydrates to replace lost fluids dextrose. Before causing
and to provide the body. and provide using dextrose cardiovascular
free water for the Dextrose 5% in carbohydrates to 5% in water, tell collapse. Monitor
kidneys. Initially water is used to the body. your doctor if you for signs of fluid
hypotonic, D5 treat low blood Dextrose 5% in have diabetes, volume deficit,
dilutes the sugar water is used to breathing such as
osmolarity of the (hypoglycemia), treat low blood problems, an confusion in
extracellular fluid. insulin shock, or sugar electrolyte older adults and
dehydration (fluid (hypoglycemia), imbalance, kidney dizziness. Never
loss). insulin shock, or or liver disease, a administer to
dehydration (fluid food or drug patients at risk
loss). allergy, or if you for increased
receive regular ICP as the
blood potential fluid
transfusions. shift may cause
cerebral edema.