Hydro 0.938 * 10^14 41.

56%
Gas 8.37 * 10^12 3.7%
Total 2.257 * 10^14
*Calorific value of oil is assumed as 11000 Kcal/Kg
Auxiliary Consumption Percentage and Heat Rate:
Aux Consumption % Heat Rate (Kcal/KWh)
Coal PP 11.45% 2556.82
Gas Based PP 1.145% 2391.43

T&D Losses: 21.2%

Generation: 62.2 billion units
Sales: 49 billion units
Losses: 13.2 billion units
Question 2
Primary Energy consumption figures:
Oil and Petroleum 1.8 * 10^13 14.7%
Coal 3.92 * 10^13 32%
Gas 2.82 * 10^13 23%
Biomass 2.9 * 10^13 23.7%
Hydro 8.07 * 10^12 6.59%
Total 1.2247 * 10^14 Kcal

Total Primary Energy= 32.47 * 10^13 Kcal

Primary energy consumed by power sector= 37.7%
4200
T&D Losses= 54075−2000 ∗100 = 8.06%

Efficiency= 29.46 %
PLF: Thermal= 0.366, Hydro= 0.214
Hint: For the electricity output required in efficiency calculation,
electricity enerated from hydro is subtracted from total, and it is then
divided in the same ratio of input primary energy for obtaining the
energy output from each source.
Electricity Consumption per capita= 4520 Units/person
Primary Energy use per capita= 3,06,29,245 Kcal/person
Imports= 5.27 %
Energy Intensity= 412. 72 Wh/$

Tutorial 2
n−1
1) n+1

2) 0.48
3) A: 0.232, B: 0.512
4) 0.3464
1
5) 2n−1

Tutorial 3
Question 1
SPP= 2.14 yrs
CRF= 0.323
NPV= 3.54 L
b/c= 1.44
CSE= 3.46 Rs/ KWh

Question 2
SPP= 2.67 yrs
CRF= 0.301
NPV= 0.98 Lakhs
CSE= Rs 40.13/Lit
IRR= 0.374
With depreciation,
SPP= 1.86 yrs
NPV= 1.9 Lakhs
CSE= Rs 28.09 / Litre

Question 3
ALCC (A)= Rs 608
ALCC (B)= Rs 505.7
ALCC ©= Rs 702.6
Most Viable is B
Question 4
Discussed in class

Question 5
Cost of generated electricity = Rs 12.66 /kWh
Incremental ALCC =Rs 50.2 crores
Cost per tonne of carbon saving= Rs 9551 / tonne
The annual carbon credit income= Rs 5.256 crores
NPV= -270 Cr Rs

Question 6
Gas Engine Fuel Cell
Cost of Generated electricity Rs 8.15/unit Rs 22.24/unit
Annual CO2 emissions 14.87 Tonnes 8.16 Tonnes