MEASURES OF DISPERSION

PROBLEMS SHEET

1) Calculate Range and its Co-efficient from the following data:

Monda Tuesday Wednesda Thursday Friday Saturday
y y
902 910 914 908 922 920
(Ans: Range = 20; Co-efficient of Range = 0.011)
SOLUTION:
Range = Maximum Value – Minimum Value
= 922 – 902
= 20

Co-efficient of Range = Maximum Value – Minimum Value

Maximum Value + Minimum Value
= 922 – 902
922 + 902
= 20 /1824
Hence Co-efficient of Range = 0.011

2) The students of two groups A and B obtained following marks in

a test of Mathematics. Find which group gave more consistent
performance, based on Co-efficient of Range:
Marks of Group A: 35, 47, 42, 45, 40, 39, 38, 46, 41, 43
Marks of Group B: 35, 70, 55, 65, 60, 42, 73, 80, 53, 57
(Ans: Group A is more consistent).
Solution: Co-efficient of Range of A = Maximum Value – Minimum
Value
Maximum Value + Minimum
Value
= 47 - 35
47 + 35
= 12 = 0.146
82
Co-efficient of Range of B = Maximum Value – Minimum Value
Maximum Value + Minimum Value
 = 80 - 35
80 + 35
= 45 = 0.391
115
Hence Group A is more consistent as its Co-efficient of Range of
A is more near to zero than Co-efficient of Range of B.
****************************************************
********

3) The temperatures recorded at the end of every 4 hours during a

day at two cities Mumbai and Nagpur are given below:
Temperature in Mumbai: 28, 30, 34, 31, 28, 27
Temperature in Nagpur: 25, 28, 34, 40, 32, 36. Comment on the
variation.
(Ans: Mumbai = 0.1148 and Nagpur = 0.2308. Nagpur has more
variation)
Solution: Co-efficient of Range = Maximum Value – Minimum
Value
(Temperature in Mumbai) Maximum Value + Minimum
Value
= 34 - 27
34 + 27
= 7 = 0.1148
61
Co-efficient of Range of B = Maximum Value – Minimum Value
(Temperature in Nagpur) Maximum Value + Minimum Value
= 40 - 25
40 + 25
= 15 = 0.2308
65
Hence the temperature in Mumbai is more consistent than in
Nagpur as it’s coefficient of range is near to zero than of Nagpur.
****************************************************
********
4) The difference between the highest and the lowest values in a
group of observation is 7. The Co-efficient of Range is 0.1.
Find the highest and the lowest values in the group.
 (Ans: Highest Value = 38.5, Lowest Value
= 31.5)

GIVEN:
Maximum Value – Minimum Value = 7
Co-efficient of Range = 0.1

SOLUTION:
Given: Maximum Value – Minimum Value = 7
 Maximum Value = 7 + Minimum Value

 Co-efficient of Range = Maximum Value – Minimum Value

Maximum Value + Minimum Value

 0.1 = 7_____________
7 + Minimum Value + Minimum Value

 0.1 = 7
7 + 2 Minimum Value

 0.1 (7 + 2 Minimum Value) = 7

 0.7 + 0.2 Minimum Value = 7

 0.2 Minimum Value = 7 – 0.7
 0.2 Minimum Value = 6.3
 Minimum Value = 6.3 / 0.2
 Minimum Value = 31.5
Thus, Maximum Value = 7 + Minimum Value
= 7 + 31.5
= 38.5

************
5) The sum of the Highest and the Lowest values in a group of
observation is 40. The Co-efficient of Range is 0.2. Find the
Highest and the Lowest Values in the group. (Ans: 16, 24)
 Solution: Co-efficient of Range =
Maximum Value – Minimum Value
Maximum Value + Minimum Value
0.2 = Maximum Value – Minimum Value
40
8 = Maximum Value – Minimum Value
.
H–L=8
H + L = 40
2H = 48
H = 24

H – L = 8 ---------- 24 – L = 8
24 – 8 = L
16 = L
Hence Highest value is 24 and smallest value is 16
***************************************************
6) Calculate Quartile Deviation and its Co-efficient for the
following data:
Expenses per Less than 35 35 - 37 38 – 41 - 43 43 & above
day in Rupees 40
No. of Students 24 62 99 18 7
(Ans: Q.D. = 1.89; Co-efficient of Q.D. =
0.05)

SOLUTION:
i) Q.D. = Q3 – Q1
2

Here, Q3 = l1 + (l2 – l1)(3N/4 – CF)

f
Were, Q3 class = Class → CF > 3N/4

Expenses No of New CI CF
(in Rs) Students (f)
 Less than 24 Less than 24
35 34.5
35 – 37 62 34.5 – 37.5 24 + 62 = 86 >52.5 Q1 Class
38 - 40 99 37.5 – 40.5 86 99 = 185 >157.5 Q3 Class
41 - 43 18 40.5 - 43 185 + 18 = 203
43 & above 7 43 & above 203 + 7 = 210
Σ f = 210

Q3 = l1 + (l2 – l1)(3N/4 – CF)

f
Were, Q3 class = Class → CF > 3N/4

 3N/4 = 3(Σ f/4)

= 3(210/4)
= 157.5

 Q3 Class = 37.5 – 40.5

 Q3 = 37.5 + (40.5 – 37.5)(157.5 – 86)
99
== Q3 = 39.67

Similarly, Q1 = l1 + (l2 – l1)(N/4 – CF)

f
Here, Q1 class = Class → CF > N/4
N/4 = 210 / 4
= 52.4
Q1 = 34.5 + (37.5 – 34.5)(52.5 – 24)
62
Q1 = 35.87
QD = Q3 - Q1
2
QD = 39.67 – 35.87
2
QD = 1.89
ii) Co-efficient of QD = Q3 – Q1
Q3 + Q1
= 39.67 – 35.87
 39.67 + 35.87

Co-efficient of QD = 0.05

***********

7) Calculate Quartile Deviation and its Co-efficient for the

following data:
Values Below 125 125 - 135 135 - 145 145 - 155 155 & above
Frequenc 17 21 34 15 13
y
(Ans: Q.D. = 1.89; Co-efficient of Q.D. =
0.05)
Solution:
Values F CF
Below 125 17 17
125 – 135 21 38 >25 Q1 Class
135 – 145 34 72
145 – 155 15 87 >75 Q3 Class
155 & above 13 100
Σ f = 100

3N/4 = 3(Σ f/4) N/4 = ∑ f / 4

= 3(100/4) = 100 / 4
= 75 = 25

Q3 = l1 + (3N/4 – CF) x (l2 – l1)

F
= 145 + (75 - 72) x 10 = 147
15
Q1 = l1 + (N/4 – CF) x (l2 – l1)
F
= 125 + (25 - 17) x 10 = 128.80
21

Q.D. = Q3 – Q1 = 147 – 128.80 = 9.1

 2 2

Co-efficient of QD = Q3 – Q1 = 147 – 128.80 = 0.035

Q3 + Q1 147 + 128.80
********************************************************
8) Find the Semi Inter Quartile Range for the following data:
Marks 0 – 10 10 – 20 20 – 30 30 - 40 40 – 50
No. of Students 22 38 46 35 19
(Ans: 9.6316)
Solution:

Marks No. of Students (f) Cf

0 – 10 22 22
10 – 20 38 60 > 40 Q1
20 – 30 46 106
30 - 40 35 141 > 120 Q3
40 – 50 19 160
∑f = 160

3N/4 = 3(Σ f/4) N/4 = ∑ f / 4

= 3(160/4) = 160 / 4
= 120 = 40

Q3 = l1 + (3N/4 – CF) x (l2 – l1)

F
= 30 + (120 - 106) x 10 = 34
35
Q1 = l1 + (N/4 – CF) x (l2 – l1)
F
= 10 + (40 - 22) x 10 = 14.73
38

Inter Quartile Range = Q3 - Q1 = 34 - 14.73 = 9.63

2 2
 9) Calculate Mean Deviation from Mean and its Co-efficient for the
following data:
Class Interval 0 - 10 10 – 20 20 – 30 30 - 40 40 – 50
Frequency 15 20 40 20 5
(Ans: M.D. from Mean = 8.6; Co-efficient of M.D. from Mean =
0.37)

SOLUTION:
MD from Mean = Σ f |x – Mean|
Σf
Class Frequency x fx (x – mean) |x – Mean| f |x – Mea
Interval (f) (x – 23)
(CI)
0 – 10 15 5 75 5 – 23 = -18 18 15 x 18 =
10 – 20 20 15 300 15 – 23 = -8 8 20 x 8 =
20 – 30 40 25 1000 25 – 23 = 2 2 40 x 2 =
30 – 40 20 35 700 35 – 23 = 12 12 20 x 12 =
40 - 50 5 45 225 45 – 23 = 22 22 5 x 22 =
Σ f = 100 Σ fx = 2300 860

MD from Mean = Σ f |x – Mean|

Σf

Here, Mean = Σ fx = 2300 / 100 = 23

Σf

MD from mean = 860 / 100 = 8.6

Co-efficient of MD from mean = MD from Mean
Mean
= 8.6 = 0.37
23

**************

10)Calculate Mean Deviation from Median and its Co-efficient for

the following data:
 Marks 30 - 40 40 - 50 50 - 60 60 - 70 70 - 80 80 – 90
No. of Students 3 15 27 15 8 2
(Ans: M.D. from Mode = 8.29; Co-efficient from M.D. from Median
= 0.15)

SOLUTION
MD from Median = Σ f |x – Median|
Σf

Co-efficient of MD from Median = MD from Median

Median

Marks No of x CF |x – Median| f|x-Median|

(CI) Students |x – 56.3|
(f)
30 – 40 3 3 3 21.3 3 x 21.3 = 63.9
5
40 – 50 15 4 18 11.3 15 x 11.3 =
5
50 – 60 27 5 45 1.3 27 x 1.3 =
5
60 – 70 15 6 60 8.7 15 x 8.7 =
5
70 – 80 8 7 68 18.7 8 x 18.7 =
5
80 - 90 2 8 70 28.7 2 x 28.7 =
5
70 606

Median = L1 + (L2 – L1) (N/2 – CF)

f
Median Class = Class - CF > N/2
N/2 = 70/2 = 35
Median Class = 50 – 60
 Median = 50 + (60 – 50)(35 – 18) = 50 + (10)(17) = 56.30
 27 27

 MD from Median = Σ f |x – Median|

Σf

= 606 = 8.66
70

 Co-efficient of MD from Median = MD from Median

Median
= 8.66 = 0.154
56.30

***************

11)Find the Co-efficient of Variation from the following data:

85, 83, 87, 90, 65, 75, 57, 70 (Ans: C.V. = 14.35)
Solution :

X X – Mean ( X – Mean )2

85 8.5 72.25
83 6.5 42.25
87 10.5 110.25
90 13.5 182.25
65 -11.5 132.25
75 -1.5 2.25
57 -19.5 380.25
70 -6.5 42.25
∑x = 612 ∑(x-Mean)2 = 964

Mean = ∑x = 612 = 76.5

N 8

σ= √∑(x-Mean)2 = √964 = 10.97

N 8
 C.V = σ x 100 = 10.97 x 100 = 14.33
Mean 76.5

12)Find the Co-efficient of Variation from the following data:

84, 83, 72, 79, 75, 70, 67, 80 (Ans: C.V. = 7.64)
Solution:

X X – Mean ( X – Mean )2

84 7.75 60.06
83 6.75 45.56
72 -4.25 18.06
79 2.75 7.56
75 -1.25 1.56
70 -6.25 39.06
67 -9.25 85.56
80 3.75 14.06
∑x = 610 ∑(x-Mean)2 = 271.48

Mean = ∑x = 610 = 76.25

N 8

σ= √∑(x-Mean)2 = √271.48 = 5.82

N 8
C.V = σ x 100 = 5.82 x 100 = 7.63
Mean 76.25
 13)From the following data, find Co-efficient of Variation:
Marks 0-5 5-10 10-15 15-20 20-25 25-30 30-35 35-40
No. of Students 2 5 7 13 21 16 8 3
(Ans: C.V. = 36.52%)
Solution:

Marks x f fx X – Mean (X – f (X – Mean)2

Mean)2
0-5 2.5 2 5 -19.4 376.36 752.72
5-10 7.5 5 37.5 -14.4 207.36 1036.8
10-15 12.5 7 87.5 -9.4 88.36 618.52
15-20 17.5 13 227.5 -4.4 19.36 251.68
20-25 22.5 21 47.25 0.6 0.36 7.56
25-30 27.5 16 440 5.6 31.36 501.76
30-35 32.5 8 260 10.6 112.36 898.88
35-40 37.5 3 112.5 15.6 243.36 730.08
∑x=16 1642.5 ∑ f (X – Mean)2 =
0 4798

Mean = ∑fx = 1642.5 = 21.9

∑f 75
σ = √∑f(x-Mean)2 = √4798 = 8
∑f 75
C.V = σ x 100 = 8 x 100 = 36.52
Mean 21.9

14)Find the Standard Deviation for the following data:

Age in Years 0 - 10 10 - 20 20 - 30 30 - 40 40 - 50 50 - 60
No. of Persons 3 7 12 10 4 2
(Ans: S.D. = 12.55)
 Solution:
Age x f Fx X – Mean (X – f (X – Mean)2
Mean)2
0 – 10 5 3 15 -22.89 523.95 1571.85
10 – 20 15 7 105 -12.89 166.15 1163.05
20 – 30 25 12 300 -2.89 8.35 100.2
30 – 40 35 10 350 7.11 50.55 505.5
40 – 50 45 4 180 17.11 292.75 1171
50 – 60 55 2 110 27.11 734.95 1469.9
∑f=3 ∑fx=1060 ∑ f (X – Mean)2 =
8 5981.5
Mean = ∑fx = 1060 = 27.89
∑f 38

σ= √∑f(x-Mean)2 = √5981.5 = 12.54

∑f 38

15) Find the Combined Mean and Combined Standard Deviation

for the
following data. Also find Co-efficient of Variation for each
group and
decide which is more consistent.
Particulars Male Female
Number 40 60
Mean Weight 170 cm 160 cm
S.D. 5 cm 2 cm
(Ans: Combined Mean = 164; Combined S.D. = 6.03; C.V. = 2.94 &
1.25)
Solution:
Combined Mean = n1x2 +n2x2 = 40 x 170 + 60 x 160 = 164
n1 + n2 40 + 60

d1 = x1 – Mean = 170 – 164 = 6

d2 = x2 – Mean = 160 – 164 = -4
 σ = √ n1 ( σ12 + d12 ) + n2 ( σ22 + d22 )
n1 + n2
σ = √ 40 ( 25 + 36 ) + 60 ( 4 + 16 ) = 6.03
40 + 60
C.V of Male = σ x 100 = 5 x 100 = 2.94
Mean 170
C.V of Female = σ x 100 = 2 x 100 = 1.25
Mean 160

16) Find Combined Mean and Combined Standard Deviation. Also

find the group with more variation:
Particulars Group 1 Group 2
Number 70 90
Mean Weight 75 82
S.D. 4 7
(Ans: Combined Mean = 78.94; Combined S.D. = 6.83; C.V. = 5.33
& 8.54)
Solution:
Solution:
Combined Mean = n1x2 +n2x2 = 70 x 75 + 90 x 82 = 78.93
n1 + n2 70 + 90

d1 = x1 – Mean = 75 – 78.93 = -3.93

d2 = x2 – Mean = 82 – 78.93 = 3.07
σ = √ n1 ( σ12 + d12 ) + n2 ( σ22 + d22 )
n1 + n2
σ = √ 70 ( 16 + 15.45 ) + 90 ( 49 + 9.42 ) = 6.82
70 + 90
C.V of Group 1 = σ x 100 = 4 x 100 = 5.33
Mean 75
C.V of Female = σ x 100 = 7 x 100 = 8.53
Mean 82