Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Repeating Action
Repeaters come in various actions, the mechanism loads, seals the breech and fires
and ejects the round. Revolvers where early repeaters, though many where cap ‘n ball
as well as cartridge guns. All repeaters have a magazine of some type to hold multiple
shots. The revolver was an early and practical solution following the pepper-box. The
pepper-box had rotating barrels and chambers and was quite popular in the mid-18th
century.
Rifle Actions
Bolt, slide or pump, lever and autoloading are the rifle actions. All use a magazine,
some internal other external. The most copied action is the K98 Mauser, the rifle that
served Germany through two world wars and Germany’s imperial ambitions. Almost all
military rifles of this era where bolt action, had an internal magazine of 5-6 rounds and
loaded via stripper clip through the top of the receiver. The British Lee-Enfield held 10
round in an extended magazine.
Lever Actions
Lever actions generally us a tubular magazine the required flat or round nosed bullets
and preferred rimmed cartridges. Receiver box magazines like the Model 1895
Winchester and the Savage Model 99 that used a rotary magazine are the exceptions.
Pump or slide operated weapons where either tubular magazine rifle (most .22 rimfires)
or external 4 or 5 shot box magazines exemplified by the Remington Model 760 and
almost every shotgun manufacturers usually have various models of pump shotguns.
Gas Operated
Gas systems are popular in rifles and machineguns. They are short stroke, long stroke
or direct impingement. AR-15/M16 family used by US forces are direct impingement.
The gases are directed directly into the receiver to operate the rifle. Short stroke
systems utilize a piston with the gas tap at the barrel forcing the piston back and tapping
the carrier inducing inertia to operate the mechanism. Long stroke, like those using in
formally Soviet weapons like the AK-47 and AK-74 attach the piston to the carrier and
they recoil together. The M240/249 machineguns are gas operated as was the old
Browning Automatic Rifle (BAR).