1.

A mild-steel ring having a cross-sectional area of 500 mm2 and a mean circumference of 400
mm has a coil of 200 turns wound uniformly around it. Calculate: (a) the reluctance of the ring;
(b) the current required to produce a flux of 800 μWb in the ring.
2. A magnetic circuit comprises three parts in series, each of uniform cross-sectional area (c.s.a.).
They are: (a) a length of 80 mm and c.s.a. 50 mm2, (b) a length of 60 mm and c.s.a. 90 mm2,
(c) an airgap of length 0.5 mm and c.s.a. 150 mm2. A coil of 4000 turns is wound on part (b),
and the flux density in the airgap is 0.30 T. Assuming that all the flux passes through the given
circuit, and that the relative permeability μr is 1300, estimate the coil current to produce such a
flux density.
3. A mild steel ring has a mean diameter of 160 mm and a cross-sectional area of 300 mm2.
Calculate: (a) the m.m.f. to produce a flux of 400 μWb; and (b) the corresponding values of the
reluctance of the ring and of the relative permeability.
4. A steel magnetic circuit has a uniform cross-sectional area of 5 cm2 and a length of 25 cm. A
coil of 120 turns is wound uniformly over the magnetic circuit. When the current in the coil is
1.5 A, the total flux is 0.3 mWb; when the current is 5 A, the total flux is 0.6 mWb. For each
value of current, calculate: (a) the magnetic field strength; (b) the relative permeability of the
steel.
5. A mild steel ring has a mean circumference of 500 mm and a uniform cross-sectional area of
300 mm2. Calculate the m.m.f. required to produce a flux of 500 μWb. An airgap, 1.0 mm in
length, is now cut in the ring. Determine the flux produced if the m.m.f. remains constant.
Assume the relative permeability of the mild steel to remain constant at 220.
6. A steel ring has a mean diameter of 15 cm, a cross-section of 20 cm2 and a radial airgap of 0.5
mm cut in it. The ring is uniformly wound with 1500 turns of insulated wire and a magnetizing
current of 1 A produces a flux of 1 mWb in the airgap. Neglecting the effect of magnetic leakage
and fringing, calculate: (a) the reluctance of the magnetic circuit; (b) the relative permeability
of the steel.
7. (a) A steel ring, having a mean circumference of 750 mm and a cross-sectional area of 500 mm2,
is wound with a magnetizing coil of 120 turns. Using the following data, calculate the current
required to set up a magnetic flux of 630 μWb in the ring.
Flux density (T) 0.9 1.1 1.2 1.3
Magnetic field strength (A/m) 260 450 600 820
8. (b) The airgap in a magnetic circuit is 1.1 mm long and 2000 mm2 in cross-section. Calculate:
(i) the reluctance of the airgap; and (ii) the m.m.f. to send a flux of 700 microwebers across the
airgap.
9. A magnetic circuit consists of a cast steel yoke which has a cross-sectional area of 200 mm2
and a mean length of 120 mm. There are two airgaps, each 0.2 mm long. Calculate: (a) the
m.m.f. required to produce a flux of 0.05 mWb in the airgaps; (b) the value of the relative
 permeability of cast steel at this flux density. The magnetization curve for cast steel is given by
the following:
B (T) 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4
H (A/m) 170 300 380 460
10. An electromagnet has a magnetic circuit that can be regarded as comprising three parts in series:
A, a length of 80 mm and cross-sectional area 60 mm2; B, a length of 70 mm and cross-sectional
area 80 mm2; C, an airgap of length 0.5 mm and cross-sectional area 60 mm2. Parts A and B
are of a material having magnetic characteristics given by the following table:
H (A/m) 100 210 340 500 800 1500
B (T) 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1.0 1.2
Determine the current necessary in a coil of 4000 turns wound on part B to produce in the airgap
a flux density of 0.7 T. Magnetic leakage may be neglected.
11. A magnetic circuit made of silicon steel is arranged
as in the figure. The centre limb has a cross-sectional
area of 800 mm2 and each of the side limbs has a
crosssectional area of 500 mm2. Calculate the m.m.f.
required to produce a flux of 1 mWb in the centre
limb, assuming the magnetic leakage to be negligible.

12. A magnetic core made of mild steel has the

dimensions shown in Fig. B. There is an airgap 1.2
mm long in one side limb and a coil of 400 turns
is wound on the centre limb. The cross-sectional
area of the centre limb is 1600 mm2 and that of
each side limb is 1000 mm2. Calculate the exciting
current required to produce a flux of 1000 μWb in
the airgap. Neglect any magnetic leakage and
fringing.