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INDUSTRI
INDU STRIAL
AL AUTOMATION
AUTOMATION
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CHIRWA
• SIMBARASHE GAPU
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• KUDZAI CHINDEDZA
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• TASIMBA MAWORERA
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• RAYMOND HURUDZA
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• DANIEL MAKUMBE

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What is an Industrial Communicaon Network?

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• Data communicaon refers to the transformaon of informaon or data, mostly in digital format from a
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transmier cable, opcal ber, or any
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other medium) connecng these two.
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COMMUNICATION NETWORK TYPES

COMMUNICATION
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Tradional
•
communicaon
used to enable data communicaon
networks
communicaon between computers, computers and its peripherals and other
devices.
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industrial communicaon network
• Is a special type
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over large installaons. The examples of industrial communicaon networks include Ethernet,
DeviceNet, Modbus,
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The threeand
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• signicant control
analytics. You mechanisms used in industrial automaon eld include
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Logic any time (PLCs) , Supervisory Control and Data Acquision (SCADA) and
(PLCs),
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Control System (DCS).
(DCS). All these elements deals with eld instruments, smart eld devices,
supervisory control PCs, distributed I/O controllers and HMI suits.

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• order to provide an interconnecon between these devices and also to enable communicaon in
between them, a powerful and more eecve communicaon
communicaon network or scheme is needed. They dier
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quite signicantly from tradional enterprise networks. These industrial networks form a communicaon
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path among eld devices, controllers and PCs.
• The transmission media for passing the data and control signals can be either wired or wireless. In case of
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wired transmission, a cable is used that can be a twisted pair,
pair, coaxial cable or ber opcs. Each network
cable has its own
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c haracteriscs that may be less or more suitable to a type of network or
specic environment. In case of wireless transmission, communicaon is performed through radio waves.
 

HIERARCHICAL LEVELS IN INDUSTRIAL

COMMUNICATION
COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
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• Dierentand analytics.
levels have toYou
handle dierent requirements
requirements of a parcular level. So it is obvious that no single
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communica settings at any time
on network address requirements needed by each level. Hence dierent levels may use
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dierent network based on the requirements such as data volume, data transmission, data security, etc.
Based on the funconality, industrial communicaon
communicaon networks
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• DEVICE LEVEL:
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This lowest level consists of eld devices such as sensors and actuators of processes and machines. The
task of this level is to transfer
transfer the informaon between these devices and technical process elements
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such as PLCs. The informaon transfer
transfer can be digital, analog or hybrid. The measured values may stay
for longer periods or over a short period.
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•
Control Level:
• This level consists of industrial controllers such as PLCs, distributed control units, and computer systems.
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tasks of this level include conguring automaon devices, loading of program data and process
variables data, adjusng set variables, supervising contro
control,
l, displaying variables data on HMIs, historical
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archiving, etc. So this level requires characteriscs like short response me, high speed transmission,
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short data lengths, machine synchronizaon, constant use of crical data, etc.
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Local Area Networks (LANs) are widely used as communicaon networks
networks in this level to achieve desired
characteriscs
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• Informaon Level:
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•
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is the top level of the industrial automaon system
system which gathers the informaon from
from its lower
level i.e., control level. It deals with large volumes of data that are neither in constan
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crical. Large scale networks exists in this level. So Ethernet WANs are commonly used as informainformaon
on
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level networks for factory planning and management
management informaon exchange.
exchange. Somemes these networks
may connect to other industrial networks via gatewa
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ys.

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TYPES
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• Ethernet
Standard communicaon
communicaon protocol embedded in soware and hardware devices.
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•
Policy wired local area networks (LANs) and enables devices to communicate with each other
through
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a protocol which is the common network language.
•
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Example
oce. of Ethernet is the cable system that connects the computer network of a small business
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• Used to build local area networks which connects a group of computers and shares the
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informaon through All or wires
 

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•
DeviceNet
It is an open-device level network designed to interface eld level devices (such as sensors, switches
switches,,
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Policy readers,
readers, panel displays, etc.) with higher level controller (such as a PLC) with a unique adopon
of basic CAN protocol. It can support up to 64 nodes and supporng up to 2048 total devices.
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• It reduces the network cost by integrang all devices on a four-wire
four-wire cable that carries both data and
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power conductors. The power on the network allows the devices to be powered up directly from the
network
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automove and semiconductor industries
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Modbus
•It is an open system protocol that can run on a variety of physical layers. It is the most widely used
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protocol
Policy l in industrial control applicaons.
applicaons. It is a serial communicaon technique which provides
master/slave relaonship to communicate between devices connected on network. It can be
master/slave
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implemented on any transmission medium, but most commonly used with RS232 and RS485.
•
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Serial Modbus with RS232 or RS485 (as physical layers) facilitates the connecon of Modbus devices to
the controller (such as a PLC) in a bus structure. It can communicate between one master and a number
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of slaves up to 247 with a data transmission rate of 19.2 kbits/s.
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• Other
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• Probus
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Foundaon Field Bus
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