CIVIL MILITARY RELATIONS

INTRODUCTION:
The civil military relations form an essantil stand for national security. in peace
,they affect the internal stability , in warthey influence the outcome. in the
developed countries the military is mostly busy in participation of the formulation
of national security policy ,however , the developing countries ,particularly those
with the colonial past the militaries have long maintained a substantive role in
national politics .that is, the military has either overthrown the legallay
constitutied governments or over influenced decesion making on national level
.same is the case with pakistan .
Historical contet of civil Military relationship is pakistan :
The evolution of civil-military relations in pakistan was affected by many factors
that were unique to the developing world. The political and administrative
infrastructure of pakistan have to be built from the scratch is one of those factors.
Like Indian army , pakistan army originated from the British Indian army .however,
unlike india , the civil military relations in pakistan evolved along the deadly
different path. that is why ,pakisatn witnessed frequent military interventions .
since independence in 1947,pakistan has experienced 30 years of military rule
(1958-1971,1977-988,1999-2008),even when not in overnment the military has
constantly sought to centralise and consolidate political power and notably the
Military intelligence (MI) and Inter services intelligence (ISI) exert significant overt
and covert control over the civilian authorities in both demestic and foreign
affairs.
Given pakistan's volatile relationship with india ,centred on the decades long
conflict for control of kashmir, pakistan has always been a 'security state' and the
military historically been a key player in the Geopolitical arena .

The Role of Military in pakistan's society :

1. preparing for and responding to natural disasters
2. contributing military personnel to UN peacekeepin missions . pakistan has
been consistently the top three contributor to world peace through UN
peacekeeping missions
3. defending pakistan's national borders and under special cicustances maintain
law and order and to conduct security operations
4. counter insurency and counter terrorism operations
5. pakistan's volatile relations with india has ensured that the military has been
well resourced .
the Army's counter insurgency operation against Taliban militants began in
federally administrated area in 2001 and countinue at various points till the date
along pak Afghan border (Durand Line). pakistan's counter insurgency strategy has
been described as Engage ,Destroy and negotiate.
Why civil Military Relations in pakistan have always been on a Bumpy
Road ?
in all democratic countries an elected Government enjoys full control over the
military ,however, in pakistan ,control over governance has oscillated between the
two ; a decade of civilian supermacy followed by a decade of military rule . the
reasons for this perodic shuffling are incomplete political leadership, weak
political parties and institutions ,rising power of Civil-Miliraty bureaucracy ,serious
security threats and frequent use of Military in aid of civil power .
1. Leader ship Void
Death of Quaidazam in 1948
Death of Liaqat ali khan in 1951
2. Delay in the finalisation of Constitution
3. weak political parties
4. weak institutions
5. Rising power of Civil-Military bureaucracy
6.Wargling for power
7. Military controlling influence over political set up
8. Civil Dependence over Army

Conclusion