Renewable 

energy consumption, economic growth and
human development index in Pakistan: Evidence form
simultaneous equation model
1. Research article
1. Journal of Cleaner Production, Volume 184, 20 May
2018, Pages 1081-1090Zhaohua Wang, Danish, Bin Zhang, Bo Wang

ABSTRACT

The major consumption of energy around the globe is related to human activities. However, it
may be essential to quantify how renewable energy consumption influence process of human
development. This particular area of research still needs to be explored. Thus, this paper
explores the relationship between renewable energy consumption, economic growth and
human development index for 1990–2014 in Pakistan by using Two-Stage Least Square
(2SLS) method. Empirical results reveal that renewable energy consumption does not
improve the situation of the human development process in Pakistan. More, interestingly
higher the income of the country the lower is level of human development. In addition, the
CO2 emission is helpful to improve human development index. Furthermore, trade openness
discourages human development process in Pakistan. Furthermore, causality analysis
confirms feedback hypothesis between environmental factor and human development
process in the long run path. These novel findings would help policymaker and government
officials to better understand the role of renewable energy and economic growth in the
human development process in Pakistan.

Total, renewable and non-
renewable energy consumption and economic growth:
Revisiting the issue with an asymmetric point of view
1. Research article
Energy, Volume 152, 1 June 2018, Pages 64-74
Can Tansel Tugcu, 
Mert Topcu

abstract
Previous literature assumes a symmetric linkage between energy consumption and economic
growth. However, a variation on energy consumption does not necessarily have the same
impact on economic growth, or vice-versa. Considering this possible asymmetry between the
variables, this study aims to examine the long- and short-run relationships between total,
renewable and non-renewable energy consumption and economic growth in G7 countries
over the period 1980–2014 by using the nonlinear autoregressive distributed lag (NARDL)
and asymmetric causality approaches. Findings indicate that production function matters in
determining the cointegration among the variables. The results of asymmetric and symmetric
relationships and causality analyses, on the other hand, are found to be very volatile across
production functions and energy proxies. When the energy consumption is measured by total
energy use, however, the results provide strong support of an asymmetric relationship
between energy consumption and economic growth in the long-run.