Professional Documents
Culture Documents
FAMILIARISATION GUIDE
This guide tells you about the different types of questions you will be
asked when you take the test for real. It will also help you to understand
how to use an answer sheet correctly.
You may print copies of this book, for your own use, to practise
answering questions and marking your answers on the answer sheet.
COMPREHENSION
What equipment are you allowed to use in the test?
You will be allowed to use these things in the test:
z an HB pencil
a rubber
z
a pencil sharpener
z
You will NOT be able to use any of the following things in the test:
a ruler
z a camera
z
a calculator
z a watch
z
scrap paper
z any electronic devices
z
a protractor
z recording equipment or study notes
z
a mobile phone
z
Please note: practice materials available in book shops or for sale on the Internet are
not genuine CEM resources. This guide is the only official CEM resource available for this
assessment.
A question booklet
will look like this.
1
Booklet serial number:
Selective School
Assessment
for 2022 Entry
Booklet One
You will be asked
Write your full name here:
to write your
name on the
front cover of the
question booklet.
WARNING: THIS PAPER AND ITS CONTENTS ARE COPYRIGHT PROTECTED. ANY UNAUTHORISED REPRODUCTION, MODIFICATION,
DISTRIBUTION, DISPLAY, TRANSMISSION OR PUBLICATION OF THIS PAPER OR ANY CONTENT CONTAINED HEREIN IS ILLEGAL AND IS
EXPRESSLY PROHIBITED. THE COPYRIGHT HOLDER RESERVES THE RIGHT TO TAKE FORMAL LEGAL ACTION AGAINST ANYONE FOUND
The name box
TO HAVE ILLEGALLY PHOTOCOPIED, REPRODUCED OR PUBLISHED (INCLUDING VIA ANY THIRD PARTY WEBSITE BY ANY MEANS), OR
TRANSMITTED THIS PAPER IN WHOLE OR IN PART, IN ANY FORM OR BY ANY MEANS. ALL RIGHTS ARE RESERVED. FAILURE TO COMPLY
on the question
WITH THIS NOTICE SHALL ESTABLISH PERSONAL LIABILITY AGAINST THE OFFENDER AND THE COPYRIGHT HOLDER RESERVES THE
RIGHT TO PURSUE CIVIL ACTION AGAINST ANY INDIVIDUAL FOUND TO BE IN BREACH OF THIS WARNING. SUCH ACTION MAY GIVE RISE
TO SIGNIFICANT FINANCIAL PENALTY OR CRIMINAL PROSECUTION.
booklet will look
like this. Practise
writing your name DO NOT OPEN THIS BOOKLET
in this box now.
UNTIL YOU ARE TOLD TO DO SO
!
1
Name: Gender:
Date of Birth: Date of Test:
Current School:
Venue:
Session:
Please write your name here: Instructions
1. Check that you are marking the answer for the correct question number.
2. Mark ONE answer only for each question on this answer sheet.
Do not write outside the box. 3. Use an HB pencil and rub out any errors thoroughly.
Remember, you must mark the answers the RI GHT way like this: A For example, A B C D
1
Name: Gender:
Date of Birth: Date of Test:
Current School:
Venue:
You will be asked Session:
Remember, you must mark the answers the RI GHT way like this: A For example, A B C D
Page
5 Comprehension
Instructions at the bottom of the pages include the following symbols and words to explain what you need to do:
Do not turn
12 Time Stop working
!
Go to the next the page until
9 3 allowed for and await
page you are told to
6 the section instructions
do so
You will also be given instructions about what to do before the test starts by a voice recording, which may be
played through a CD player or a computer. Sometimes an adult in the room may read the instructions to you.
Page
Roman
number
numeral
Example questions i 1
are numbered using ii 2
Roman numerals iii 3
from i up to vi.
iv 4
v 5
vi 6
Please note, these numbers will be read-out on the voice recording as ‘one’, ‘two’, ‘three’ etc.
Within each section, you can look back to the example page as often as you wish.
The time available to answer the questions is shown at the start of each section, at the bottom of the example
page.
20
12
9 3
6
You have minutes for this section.
Page 5
Exam No: DfE Number:
Name: Gender:
How to answer the questions Date of Birth: Date of Test:
Current School:
The heading of the section you are working on in the question booklet will be the same on the answer sheet.
Venue:
Session:
The heading in the
Instructions Please write
questionthe
11 booklet is
Page
Comprehension
1. Check that you are marking answer for the correct question number.
2. Mark ONE answershown
only for here.
each question on this answer sheet.
Instructions 3. Use an HB pencil and rub out any errors thoroughly. Do not writ
Carefully read through the passage of writing.
Answer the questions that follow.
Remember, you must mark the answers the RIGHT way like this: A For example, A
Mark your answer on the answer sheet by choosing one of the options A - D. The heading
Example Passage Word Choice Comprehension on the answer
Pictures
The girl walked through the bluebells in the wood.
Examples page 11 Examples page sheet
9 is shown
Examples
The birds sang.
i A B C D E i A B C Dhere. i A B C
Example i. ii A B C D E ii A B C D ii A B C
Where did the girl walk?
1
No: DfE Number:
4 A
The answer A has been marked for you on your answer sheet. B C D E 3 A B C D
: 5 A B Gender:
C D E 4 A B C D 4 A B C
Example ii.
of Birth: Date
6 Aof Test:
B C D E 5 A B C D 5 A B C
Who sang?
nt School: A The girl 7 A B C D E page 13 6 A B C
e: B The boy page 13 6 A B C D
C The policeman
n: D The birds
8 A B C D E 7 A B C D 7 A B C
9 A B C D E 8 A B C D 8 A B C
uctions The correct answer is: D The birds Please write your name here:
eck that youmust
are marking thethe answer formark
the10 A
sheet. correct
B C
questioninnumber. D E 9 A B C D 9 A B C
You make
Mark the box withsure that
letter you
D on your answer your answers the CORRECT SECTION of the answer page 14
sheet.
11 A B C D E
ark ONE answer only for each question on this answer sheet.
12 A B C D E 10 A B C D 10 A B C
e an HB pencil and rub out any errors thoroughly. Do not write outside the box.
20
12
9 3
13 A B C D E 11 A B C D 11 A B C
6
You have minutes for this section.
14 A B C D E 12 A B C D 12 A B C
ember, you must mark the answers the RIGHT way like this: A For example, A B C D
page 14 13 A B C D
15 A B C PicturesD E page 15 13 A B C
rd Choice Comprehension The rows on the answer sheet are 14 A
mples page 11 Examples 16 A Bpage 9 C D
Examples E 14 A B C
page 11 D B C
17 A B C D arranged
E to
15 A match Bthe pages
C of 15 A B C
A B C D E i A B C D i A B C D E F D
18 A B C D theEquestion 16 booklet.
A B C D
A B C D E ii A B C D ii A B C D E F
19 A B C D E 17 A B C D 16 A B C
The green text tells you on which
stions page 12 Questions 20 A B
page 11 C D
Questions E page
page 12 16 17 A B C
21 A B C D
page E
the questions
18 A B
appear C
in D
the 18 A B C
A B C D E 1 A B C D 1 question
A B booklet.C D E F
page 15 19 A B C
A B C D E page 12 2 A B C D E F D
22 A B C D Use 20 A
E this information B to CcheckD that 19 A B C
A B C D E 2 A B C D 3 A B C D E F
23 A 21 A
A B C D E 3 A B C
B
D
C D youE are marking B
your C 13D
answer
page in 20 A B C
24 A B C D E page 17 21 A B C
A B C D E 4 A B C D 4 the A correct B Cplace.D E F
25 A B C D E 22 A B C D
A B C D E 5 A B C D 5 A B C D E F
23 A B C
A B C D E page 13 6 A B C D E F D
page 13 24 A B C 14D
6 A B C D page
25 A B C
A B C D E 7 A B C D 7 A B C D E F D
A B C D E 8 A B C D 8 A B C D E F
A B C D E 9 A B
Copyright ©CUniversityD of Durham, 9as represented
A B Centre for
by C Evaluation
D and Monitoring
E F(CEM), 2016. Not to be reproduced in any for
A B C D E page
within the terms 14
of a Photocopying Licence, without written permission from University
pageof Durham,
15 as represented by Centre for Evaluation
A B C © 2021
Copyright D CEM. E All Rights10 Reserved.
A B C D 10 A B C D E F
A B C D E 11 A B C D 11 A B C D E F
Page 6
Take care!
If you miss out an answer, remember to leave a gap and mark your next answer on the correct line.
Remember:
In the real test, you will be given a separate answer sheet for each question booklet.
z
You DO NOT mark your answers in the question booklet. Following the real test, a computer is used to
z
mark your answer sheets, your question booklets will not be marked, so it is not a good use of your time to
be writing answers into the question booklets.
Mark your answers carefully with one straight line, using a pencil
z
The RIGHT way to mark your The WRONG way to mark your
answers on the answer sheet answers on the answer sheet
A B A C BD
A A A
B A
B C
B CB DC D E FEWRONG
E D
C D FE GF G
F H
G H
G HI HI JI WRONG
RIGHT
A B AC B D WRONG WRONG
If you don’t know an answer, move-on, but take care to mark your next answer on the correct line.
z
If you make a mistake, or change your mind, rub-out your answer carefully and clearly mark the new
z
answer.
ET 2019 001
Copyright © 2021 CEM. All Rights Reserved.
Page 7
Page
Comprehension questions: Examples
Comprehension 11
At the beginning of the Comprehension exercise, there is a very short example passage followed by two
z
example questions.
Instructions
Carefully read through the passage of writing.
Answer the questions that follow.
Mark your answer on the answer sheet by choosing one of the options A - D.
Example Passage
The girl walked through the bluebells in the wood.
The birds sang.
Example i.
Where did the girl walk?
A In the wood
B In a field
C On the pavement
D On the beach
The answer A has been marked for you on your answer sheet.
Example ii.
Who sang?
A The girl
B The boy
C The policeman
D The birds
In order to answer the questions in the main Comprehension exercise section, you first need to read the
z
passage called ‘Discovering Japan’ on pages 10 and 11. Once you have done this, you must move on to
20
12
answering
9 3
the questions.
6
You have minutes for this section.
15
12
9 3
6
You have minutes for this section.
The recorded voice instructions will also provide you with a reminder.
z
Take care!
If you miss a question out, remember to mark the answer to the next question on the correct line of your
z
answer sheet.
Comprehension 9
Instructions
Carefully read through the passage of writing.
Answer the questions that follow.
Mark your answer on the answer sheet by choosing one of the options A - D.
Example Passage
The girl walked through the bluebells in the wood.
The birds sang.
Example i.
Where did the girl walk?
A In the wood
B In a field
C On the pavement
D On the beach
The answer A has been marked for you on your answer sheet.
Example ii.
Who sang?
A The girl
B The boy
C The policeman
D The birds
15
12
9 3
6
You have minutes for this section.
10 Comprehension
Discovering Japan
Japan is an exciting and beautiful country which is situated in the Far East, off the Chinese coastline.
It is found within a group of islands that are referred to as the ‘ring of fire’. These are a series of
active volcanoes, in a horseshoe-shaped formation, lining the edge of the Pacific Ocean. Seismic
activity results in frequent earthquakes, to the extent that Japanese children require special drills at
school to teach them how to keep safe in such an event. The earthquakes are not the only danger.
The shockwaves often cause dangerous tsunamis (gigantic waves) that can literally wash a whole
village away. This volcanic activity, however, has shaped Japan’s stunning natural landscape. The
nation sprawls across four large islands and over several thousand smaller ones. These islands are
thick, dense forests. Whilst the climate is as temperate as Europe, the region is often hit by intense
typhoons which can be powerful enough to tear up trees and destroy buildings. Beautiful though this
landscape is, the unforgiving nature of the environment makes much of it uninhabitable, forcing the
Tokyo is the capital of Japan (replacing the former capital, Kyoto) and is a global economic
powerhouse with an annual spending power of over one trillion US dollars. Home to over 35 million
people, it is referred to as a ‘megalopolis’ and is a very densely populated city. It is also one of the
world’s safest cities, with very low crime rates. This is because the Japanese have a strong sense of
community and sharing, where equality and good deeds are prized above getting rich. From afar,
the view of Tokyo is dominated by huge, modern, quake-resistant skyscrapers and people travel
around the city using a sophisticated network of subways, overhead trains and superfast monorails.
Amazingly, Tokyo has been almost completely rebuilt twice in the last century due to earthquakes
and warfare.
Comprehension 11
Japan is famous for leading the world in scientific and technological developments, particularly in
fields such as motoring, electronics and robotics. Japan owns more than half of the world’s robotic
creations (most of which assist in factories), even developing human-like models that speak with
mechanical voices. Engineering is another field of expertise for the Japanese. Tokyo, for instance,
has been built to be as earthquake-proof as possible. Buildings shake from side to side rather than
collapsing, preventing damage in the event of earthquakes. Space exploration is also a national goal,
and plans to go to the planets Mercury and Venus, as well as to build a base for humans on the
Japanese culture is also popular with western audiences. Manga, for example, is a type of comic
book with colourful, imaginative stories that are popular with all ages. Related to this is anime, a
type of Japanese cartoon programme based on the stories from manga. Even elements of Japan’s
history feature in western films and literature. Characters based on samurai warriors and deadly
ninjas are becoming increasingly popular with western writers. Finally, Japanese martial arts, such as
karate, kendo and judo are now practised around the world. These are popular because of their focus
From its powerful, natural landscape and modern super-cities to its visions of space travel and
modern robotics, Japan truly is a fascinating country of contrasts. Its technological, scientific and
cultural achievements have helped shape the modern world into what it is today and will no doubt
B The eastern edge of the Pacific Ocean beneath a ring of active volcanoes
C In the Far East, encircled by volcanoes and islands in the Pacific Ocean
12 Comprehension
D The reflection of erupting volcanoes in the ocean makes the region look as though it is on fire.
3 Which natural hazard do Japanese school children receive special drills in?
A Typhoons
B Earthquakes
C Volcanic eruptions
D Tsunamis
A Earthquakes
B Tsunamis
C Intense typhoons
D A temperate climate
Comprehension 13
6 According to paragraph 1, which geographical features are typical of Japan?
7 Paragraph 1 describes Japan as ‘beautiful’ but ‘unforgiving’. What does this mean?
A The landscape is naturally beautiful but the environment makes it dangerous to inhabit.
B The ‘ring of fire’ is beautiful but the typhoons it causes are unforgiving.
C The islands are very dangerous and the climate makes it too hot to live in.
D Japan is beautiful but tsunamis, typhoons and earthquakes make it impossible to live in.
A Option 1 only
B Option 2 only
B The storms and volcanoes allow the city to generate its own electricity.
14 Comprehension
10 Tokyo is described as one of the world’s safest cities. What reason is given for this in paragraph 2?
C People become rich quickly and so there is no incentive to break the law.
D Japan promotes community and good deeds rather than crime and money making.
11 According to paragraph 1, why are the Japanese people crowded into cities?
C A city that is safe from the effects of earthquakes, typhoons and tsunamis
13 ‘People travel around the city using a sophisticated network of subways, overhead trains and
superfast monorails.’ What does the word sophisticated mean in this context?
A Expensive
B Complex
C Fast
D Noisy
Comprehension 15
14 According to paragraph 2, which features characterise Tokyo when viewed from a distance?
A Volcanoes
B Subways
C Skyscrapers
C A word that uses the same letters in a different order as another word
16 Comprehension
A Talking robots
B Earthquake-resistant buildings
A The moon
B China
C Kyoto
D Venus
Comprehension 17
22 According to the passage, which of the following are now popular in Europe thanks to
Japanese culture?
24 According to the passage, which elements of Japanese history have influenced European culture?
25 What does the final paragraph mean by ‘Japan truly is a fascinating country of contrasts’?
STOP WORKING. You may check your work from this section only.
Answer sheets
The following pages contain the answer sheets, which you can remove from the booklet.
Remember
The RIGHT way to mark your The WRONG way to mark your
answers on the answer sheet answers on the answer sheet
A B A C BD
WRONG
A A A
B A
B C
B CB DC D E D
C D E FE FE G
F G
F H
G H
G HI HI J WRONG
RIGHT
A B AC B D WRONG WRONG
1
Exam No: Exam No: DfE Number: DfE Number:
1
Name: Name: Gender: Gender:
Date of Birth: Date of Birth:
Date of Test: Date of Test:
Current School: Current School:
Venue: Venue:
Session: Session:
Instructions
Please write your name here: Instructions Please write your name here:
1. Check that you are marking the
1. Check that you are marking the answer for the correct question number. answer for the correct question number.
2. MarkonONE
2. Mark ONE answer only for each question this answer
answer only for each question on this answer sheet.
sheet.
3.
Do Use an HBoutside
not write pencil and rub out any3.errors
the box. Use thoroughly.
an HB pencil and rub out any errorsDothoroughly.
not write outside the box.
Remember, you
Remember, you m mark the
muusstt mark the answers
answers the
the R
RIIG
GH way like
HTT way like this:
this: A
A For example,
For example, A
A B
B C
C D
D
Comprehension
Word Choice WordComprehension
Choice Pictures 1
Pictures
Examples
Examples page page
2 Examples
11 Examples page
page12
9 Examples
Examples page 11
page 18
i A B C D E i A i B
A C
B D
C E
D i A B C D E F
ii A B C D E ii A ii B
A C
B C
D E
D ii A B C D E F
Carefully mark your
Questions
Questions page page
4 Questions
12 Questions page 11
13 Questions 20
page 12
answers here. Make
1 A B C D E 1 A 1 B
A C
B D
C DE 1 A B C D E F
page
sure you have the
2 A B D5 E 2
C page A B C D E12 2 A B C D E F
32 A B C D E 3 A 2 B
A C
B D
C DE 3 right
A question.
B C D E F
43 A B C D E 4 A 3 B
A C
B D
C DE 21
page 13
54 A B C D E 5 A 4 B
A C
B D
C DE 4 A B C D E F
65 A B C D E 6 A 5 B
A C
B D
C DE 5 A B C D E F
7 A B C page
D6 E 7 A B C D page E13 6 A B C D E F
6 A B C Dpage 13 6 A B C pageD14 22
page 14
87 A B C D E 8 A7 B
A C
B D
C DE 7 A B C D E F
98 A B C D E 9 A8 B
A C
B D
C DE 8 A B C D E F
109 A B C D E10 A9 B
A C
B D
C DE 9 A B C D E F
11 A B D 7 E11
C page A B C D page E14 23
page 15
10
12 A B C D E12 A10 B
A C
B D
C DE 10 A B C D E F
11
13 A B C D E13 A11 B
A C
B C
D DE 11 A B C D E F
12
14 A B C D E14 A12 B
A C
B D
C DE 12 A B C D E F
page page
8 14 13 A B C pageD15 24
page 16
13
15 A B C D E15 A B C D page E15 13 A B C D E F
14
16 A B C D E16 A14 B
A C
B C
D DE 14 A B C D E F
15
17 A B C D E17 A15 B
A C
B D
C DE 15 A B C D E F
16
18 A B C D E18 A16 B
A C
B C
D DE 25
page 17
19 A B C pageD 9 E19 A17 B
A C
B D
C DE 16 A B C D E F
17
20 A B C D E20 A B C D page E16 17 A B C D E F
18
21 A B C D E21 A18 B
A C
B D
C DE 18 A B C D E F
19 A B C Dpage 15 19 A B C pageD16 26
page 18
20
22 A B C D E22 A20 B
A C
B D
C DE 19 A B C D E F
23 A B C pageD10 E23 A21 B
A C
B D
C DE 20 A B C D E F
21
24 A B C D E24 A B C D page E17 21 A B C D E F
22
25 A B C D E25 A22 B
A C
B D
C DE
23 A B C D 26 A23 B
A C
B D
C DE
24 A B C D 27 A24 B
A C
B D
C DE
28 A25 B
A C
B D
C DE
#
Copyright
Copyright
Copyright©©2021
© 2021 CEM. of
CEM.
University All Rights
AllDurham,
RightsReserved.
as Reserved.
represented by Centre for Evaluation and Monitoring (CEM), 2016. Not to be reproduced in any form or by any means, even
within the terms of a Photocopying Licence, without written permission from University of Durham, as represented by Centre for Evaluation and Monitoring (CEM).
Selective School Assessment for 2017
Page 20
2022 Entry
1
Exam No: Exam No: DfE Number: DfE Number:
1
Name: Name: Gender: Gender:
Date of Birth: Date of Birth:
Date of Test: Date of Test:
Current School: Current School:
Venue: Venue:
Session: Session:
Please write your name here:
Instructions Instructions Please write your name here:
1.
1. Check that you are marking the answer Check thatcorrect
for the you are markingnumber.
question the answer for the correct question number.
2. MarkonONE
2. Mark ONE answer only for each question this answer
answer only for each question on this answer sheet.
sheet.
Do Use
3. not write
an HBoutside rub out any3.errors
the box.
pencil and Use thoroughly.
an HB pencil and rub out any errorsDothoroughly.
not write outside the box.
Remember, you must mark the answers the RI GHT way like this: A For example, A B C D
Remember, you must mark the answers the RIGHT way like this: A For example, A B C D
Comprehension Word Choice Pictures 1
Word Choice Comprehension Pictures
Examples
Examples page 2 Examples
page 11 Examples page 12
page 9
Examples
Examples page 18
page 11
ii A
A B
B C
C D
D E i A i B
A C
B D
C E
D ii A
A B
B C
C D
D EE FF
ii
ii AA B
B C
C D
D E ii A ii B
A C
B D
C E
D ii
ii AA B
B C
C D
D EE FF
You can cut off
Questions
Questions page page
4 Questions
12 Questions page 11
page 13 Questions
Questions page 12
page 20
these pages to
11 A
A B
B C
C D
D E 1 A 1 B
A C
B D
C DE 11 A
A B
B C
CmakeD
D EE
it easier FFto
2 A B C page
D5 E 2 A B C D page E12 22 A
A B
B C
CmarkD
D your E FF
E answers.
32 A
A B
B C
C D
D E 3 A 2 B
A C
B D
C DE 33 A
A B
B C
C D
D EE FF
43 A
A B
B C
C D
D E 4 A 3 B
A C
B D
C DE page 13
page 21
54 A
A B
B C
C D
D E 5 A 4 B
A C
B D
C DE 44 A
A B
B C
C D
D EE FF
65 A
A B
B C
C D
D E 6 A 5 B
A C
B D
C DE 55 A
A B
B C
C D
D EE FF
7 A B C pageD6 E 7 A B C D page E13 66 A
A B
B C
C D
D EE FF
6 A B C Dpage 13 6 A B C pageD14 page 14
page 22
87 A
A B
B C
C D
D E 8 A 7 B
A C
B D
C DE 77 A
A B
B C
C D
D EE FF
98 A
A B
B C
C D
D E 9 A 8 B
A C
B D
C DE 88 A
A B
B C
C D
D EE FF
109 A
A B
B C
C D
D E 10 A 9 B
A C
B D
C DE 99 A
A B
B C
C D
D EE FF
11 A B C page
D 7 E 11 A B C D page E14 page 15
page 23
10
12 A
A B
B C
C D
D E12 A10 B
A C
B D
C DE 10
10 A
A B
B C
C D
D EE FF
11
13 A
A B
B C
C D
D E13 A11 B
A C
B D
C DE 11
11 A
A B
B C
C D
D EE FF
12
14 A
A B
B C
C D
D E14 A12 B
A C
B D
C DE 12
12 A
A B
B C
C D
D EE FF
page page
8 14 13 A B C pageD15 page 16
page 24
13
15 A
A B
B C
C D
D E15 A B C D page E15 13
13 A
A B
B C
C D
D EE FF
14
16 A
A B
B C
C D
D E16 A14 B
A C
B D
C DE 14
14 A
A B
B C
C D
D EE FF
15
17 A
A B
B C
C D
D E17 A15 B
A C
B D
C DE 15
15 A
A B
B C
C D
D EE FF
16
18 A
A B
B C
C D
D E18 A16 B
A C
B D
C DE page 17
page 25
19 A B C page
D 9 E19 A17 B
A C
B D
C DE 16
16 A
A B
B C
C D
D EE FF
17
20 A
A B
B C
C D
D E20 A B C D page E16 17
17 A
A B
B C
C D
D EE FF
18
21 A
A B
B C
C D
D E21 A18 B
A C
B D
C DE 18
18 A
A B
B C
C D
D EE FF
19 A B C Dpage 15 19 A B C pageD16 page 18
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20
22 A
A B
B C
C D
D E 22 A20 B
A C
B D
C DE 19
19 A
A B
B C
C D
D EE FF
23 A B C pageD10 E23 A21 B
A C
B D
C DE 20
20 A
A B
B C
C D
D EE FF
21
24 A
A B
B C
C D
D E24 A B C D page E17 21
21 A
A B
B C
C D
D EE FF
22
25 A
A B
B C
C D
D E25 A22 B
A C
B D
C DE
23 A B C D 26 A23 B
A C
B D
C DE
24 A B C D 27 A24 B
A C
B D
C DE
28 A25 B
A C
B D
C DE
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