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How To Install Apache Tomcat 8 on CentO 7
Introduction
Apache Tomcat is a we server and servlet container that is used to serve Java applications. Tomcat
is an open source implementation of the Java ervlet and Javaerver Pages technologies, released
the Apache oftware Foundation. This tutorial covers the asic installation and some
configuration of the latest release of Tomcat 8 on our CentO 7 server.
Prerequisites
efore ou egin with this guide, ou should have a separate, non-root user account set up on our
server. You can learn how to do this completing steps 1-3 in the initial server setup for CentO 7.
Install Java
Tomcat requires that Java is installed on the server, so an Java we application code can e
executed. Let's satisf that requirement installing OpenJDK 7 with um.
To install OpenJDK 7 JDK using um, run this command:
$ sudo yum install java‐1.7.0‐openjdk‐devel
Answer y at the prompt to continue installing OpenJDK 7.
Note that a shortcut to the JAVA_HOM director, which we will need to configure Tomcat later, can
e found at /usr/lib/jvm/jre .
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Create Tomcat User
For securit purposes, Tomcat should e run as an unprivileged user (i.e. not root). We will create a
new user and group that will run the Tomcat service.
$ sudo groupadd tomcat
$ sudo useradd ‐M ‐s /bin/nologin ‐g tomcat ‐d /opt/tomcat tomcat
Install Tomcat
The easiest wa to install Tomcat 8 at this time is to download the latest inar release then
configure it manuall.
Download Tomcat inar
Find the latest version of Tomcat 8 at the Tomcat 8 Downloads page. At the time of writing, the
latest version is 8.0.23. Under the inar Distriutions section, then under the Core list, cop the
link to the "tar.gz".
Let's download the latest inar distriution to our home director.
First, change to our home director:
$ cd ~
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$ wget http://mirror.sdunix.com/apache/tomcat/tomcat‐8/v8.0.23/bin/apache‐tomcat‐8.0.23.tar.gz
$ sudo mkdir /opt/tomcat
$ sudo tar xvf apache‐tomcat‐8*tar.gz ‐C /opt/tomcat ‐‐strip‐components=1
Now we're read to set up the proper user permissions.
Update Permissions
Change to the Tomcat installation path:
$ cd /opt/tomcat
$ sudo chgrp ‐R tomcat conf
$ sudo chmod g+rwx conf
$ sudo chmod g+r conf/*
$ sudo chown ‐R tomcat webapps/ work/ temp/ logs/
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Now that the proper permissions are set up, let's set up a stemd unit file.
Install stemd Unit File
ecause we want to e ale to run Tomcat as a service, we will set up a Tomcat stemd unit file .
Create and open the unit file running this command:
$ sudo vi /etc/systemd/system/tomcat.service
Paste in the following script. You ma also want to modif the memor allocation settings that are
specified in CATALINA_OPTS :
/etc/sstemd/sstem/tomcat.service
# Systemd unit file for tomcat
[Unit]
Description=Apache Tomcat Web Application Container
After=syslog.target network.target
[Service]
Type=forking
Environment=JAVA_HOME=/usr/lib/jvm/jre
Environment=CATALINA_PID=/opt/tomcat/temp/tomcat.pid
Environment=CATALINA_HOME=/opt/tomcat
Environment=CATALINA_BASE=/opt/tomcat
Environment='CATALINA_OPTS=‐Xms512M ‐Xmx1024M ‐server ‐XX:+UseParallelGC'
Environment='JAVA_OPTS=‐Djava.awt.headless=true ‐Djava.security.egd=file:/dev/./urandom'
ExecStart=/opt/tomcat/bin/startup.sh
ExecStop=/bin/kill ‐15 $MAINPID
User=tomcat
Group=tomcat
[Install]
WantedBy=multi‐user.target
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Now reload stemd to load the Tomcat unit file:
$ sudo systemctl daemon‐reload
$ sudo systemctl start tomcat
If ou want to enale the Tomcat service, so it starts on server oot, run this command:
$ sudo systemctl enable tomcat
Tomcat is not completel set up et, ut ou can access the default splash page going to our
Open in web browser:
http://server_IP_address:8080
You will see the default Tomcat splash page, in addition to other information. Now we will go deeper
into the installation of Tomcat.
Configure Tomcat We Management Interface
In order to use the manager weapp that comes with Tomcat, we must add a login to our Tomcat
$ sudo vi /opt/tomcat/conf/tomcat‐users.xml
This file is filled with comments which descrie how to configure the file. You ma want to delete all
the comments etween the following two lines, or ou ma leave them if ou want to reference the
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examples:
tomcat-users.xml excerpt
<tomcat‐users>
...
</tomcat‐users>
username and password to something secure:
tomcat-users.xml — Admin User
<tomcat‐users>
<user username="admin" password="password" roles="manager‐gui,admin‐gui"/>
</tomcat‐users>
ave and quit the tomcat-users.xml file. To put our changes into effect, restart the Tomcat service:
$ sudo systemctl restart tomcat
Access the We Interface
Now that Tomcat is up and running, let's access the we management interface in a we rowser.
You can do this accessing the pulic IP address of the server, on port 8080:
Open in web browser:
http://server_IP_address:8080
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You will see something like the following image:
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As ou can see, there are links to the admin weapps that we configured an admin user for.
Let's take a look at the Manager App, accessile via the link or
http://server_IP_address:8080/manager/html :
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The We Application Manager is used to manage our Java applications. You can tart, top, ×
Reload, Deplo, and Undeplo here. Y ou can also run some diagnostics on our apps (i.e. find
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memor leaks). Lastl, information aout our server is availale at the ver ottom of this page.
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Now let's take a look at the Host Manager, accessile via the link or
http://server_IP_address:8080/host‐manager/html/ :
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From the Virtual Host Manager page, ou can add virtual hosts to serve our applications from.
Conclusion
Your installation of Tomcat is complete! Your are now free to deplo our own Java we
applications!
: Mitchell Anicas
Upvote (5) uscrie hare
pin up an D cloud server in under a minute.
imple setup. Full root access. traightforward pricing.
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20 Comments
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saronic August 21, 2015
Hi,thanks our log. I have followed our instruction exactl and ip:8080 works. ut, I changed the
0
tomcat's listen port from 8080 to 80 in the tomcat home director/conf/server.xml, after :sudo
sstemctl restart tomcat.service. I can't access ip:80. and find that tomcat does not listen at port 80
:netstat an | grep 80
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ut I use the script:tomcat_home/in/start.sh , ip:80 works again.
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Please tell me where I did wrong.
THANK.
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0 Do ou know if the user ou are running Tomcat as has permission to ind to ports < 1024?
saronic August 23, 2015
0
[deleted]
saronic August 23, 2015
thanks ou repl.
0
M /etc/sstemd/sstem/tomcat.service:
# Systemd unit file for tomcat
[Unit]
... ....
[Service]
User=tomcat
Group=tomcat
so I guess the user who are running Tomcat is 'tomcat'. I donot know if 'tomcat' has the permission to
ind to port < 1024?
I just add the user : tomcat to sstem with command:
$ sudo useradd ‐M ‐s /bin/nologin ‐g tomcat ‐d /opt/tomcat tomcat
I did nothing else to tell the centos 7 if the user :tomcat should has the permission to ind port <
1024.
DarkLogix Octoer 10, 2015
I followed all the instructions with just a few tweaks
0
I changed the group name from tomcat to tomcatGP ( just to make it clear which was the group and
which was the user.)
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and I installed jave 8u60 via "um - install java-1.8.0-openjdk.x86_64"
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I have the page up and running on 8080 ut when I tested deploing a war file via the manager we
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app I got a permission error. ign Up
this is just one part in getting m gauc server going, I want to get tomcat 8 w/ java 8, on centO7 with
the ARP listener using m 16,384it wildcard cert working and then work on the other parts of getting
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guac running.
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DarkLogix Octoer 11, 2015
Also can ou add info for installing APR support?
0
since I (and most people) would want to have the higher performance/more secure APR listener
for L I think it would e reasonale.
dauszus Novemer 13, 2015
Got stuck tring to deplo a war. Had to make the tomcat user also own the weapps folder in order
0
to get this going.
curtisdecompile Novemer 25, 2015
This was excellent help for me.
1
I have a suggestion and an issue.
To search for what Java versions are availale, use:
$sudo um search java | grep openjdk | more
One issue: I could not access the default Tomcat wesite on port 8080.
This is what I did:
Open the firewall:
$ sudo firewall-cmd --zone=pulic --add-port=8080/tcp --permanent
$ sudo firewall-cmd --reload
The first command uses --permanent. You are defining this port to e open after a reoot or reload.
The second command reload the firewall. You can check on the status of the ports using:
$ sudo firewall-cmd --zone=pulic --list-ports
On m sstem, I get:
80/tcp 8080/tcp
nvironment: Tomcat 8.0.28, Java 1.8.0.
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tuananh Decemer 17, 2015
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For someone when start tomcat 8 on Oracle JDK 8 and tomcat 8 hangout at "Deploing we
0
application director /opt/tomcat/weapps/ROOT"
You should edit file /usr/java/jdk1.8.0_66/jre/li/securit/java.securit and change line
securerandom.source=file:/dev/random
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securerandom.source=file:/dev/./urandom
ranjeet March 27, 2016
I have installed ut not ale to login. I tried ever thing.
0
ranjeet March 27, 2016
Getting error
0
28-Mar-2016 01:01:40.238 VR [main] org.apache.catalina.realm.CominedRealm.startInternal
Failed to start "org.apache.catalina.realm.UserDataaseRealm" realm
org.apache.catalina.Lifecclexception: Failed to start component [Realm[UserDataaseRealm]]
at org.apache.catalina.util.Lifecclease.start(Lifecclease.java:153)
at org.apache.catalina.realm.CominedRealm.startInternal(CominedRealm.java:250)
at org.apache.catalina.realm.LockOutRealm.startInternal(LockOutRealm.java:120)
at org.apache.catalina.util.Lifecclease.start(Lifecclease.java:147)
at org.apache.catalina.core.Containerase.startInternal(Containerase.java:904)
at org.apache.catalina.core.tandardngine.startInternal(tandardngine.java:262)
at org.apache.catalina.util.Lifecclease.start(Lifecclease.java:147)
at org.apache.catalina.core.tandardervice.startInternal(tandardervice.java:441)
at org.apache.catalina.util.Lifecclease.start(Lifecclease.java:147)
at org.apache.catalina.core.tandarderver.startInternal(tandarderver.java:787)
at org.apache.catalina.util.Lifecclease.start(Lifecclease.java:147)
at org.apache.catalina.startup.Catalina.start(Catalina.java:629)
at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:62)
at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43)
at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:498)
at org.apache.catalina.startup.ootstrap.start(ootstrap.java:351)
at org.apache.catalina.startup.ootstrap.main(ootstrap.java:485)
Caused : org.apache.catalina.Lifecclexception: No UserDataase component found under ke
UserDataase
at org.apache.catalina.realm.UserDataaseRealm.startInternal(UserDataaseRealm.java:241)
at org.apache.catalina.util.Lifecclease.start(Lifecclease.java:147)
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while m server.xml file
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<?xml version='1.0' encoding='utf-8'?>
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<!-- ign Up
Licensed to the Apache oftware Foundation (AF) under one or more
contriutor license agreements. ee the NOTIC file distriuted with
this work for additional information regarding copright ownership.
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The AF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
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(the "License"); ou ma not use this file except in compliance with
the License. You ma otain a cop of the License at
http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE‐2.0
Unless required applicale law or agreed to in writing, software
distriuted under the License is distriuted on an "A I" AI,
WITHOUT WARRANTI OR CONDITION OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
ee the License for the specific language governing permissions and
limitations under the License.
-->
<!-- Note: A "erver" is not itself a "Container", so ou ma not
define sucomponents such as "Valves" at this level.
Documentation at /docs/config/server.html
-->
<erver port="8005" shutdown="HUTDOWN">
<Listener className="org.apache.catalina.startup.VersionLoggerListener" />
<!-- ecurit listener. Documentation at /docs/config/listeners.html
<Listener className="org.apache.catalina.securit.ecuritListener" />
-->
<!--APR lirar loader. Documentation at /docs/apr.html -->
<Listener className="org.apache.catalina.core.AprLifeccleListener" Lngine="on" />
<!--Initialize Jasper prior to weapps are loaded. Documentation at /docs/jasper-howto.html -->
<Listener className="org.apache.catalina.core.JasperListener" />
<!-- Prevent memor leaks due to use of particular java/javax APIs-->
<Listener className="org.apache.catalina.core.JreMemorLeakPreventionListener" />
<Listener className="org.apache.catalina.means.GloalResourcesLifeccleListener" />
<Listener className="org.apache.catalina.core.ThreadLocalLeakPreventionListener" />
<!-- Gloal JNDI resources
Documentation at /docs/jndi-resources-howto.html
-->
<GloalNamingResources>
<!-- ditale user dataase that can also e used
UserDataaseRealm to authenticate users
-->
<Resource name="UserDataase" auth="Container"
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tpe="org.apache.catalina.UserDataase" ×
description="User dataase that can e updated and saved"
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factor="org.apache.catalina.users.MemorUserDataaseFactor"
pathname="conf/tomcat-users.xml" />
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</GloalNamingResources>
<!-- A "ervice" is a collection of one or more "Connectors" that share
a single "Container" Note: A "ervice" is not itself a "Container", CROLL TO TOP
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so ou ma not define sucomponents such as "Valves" at this level.
Documentation at /docs/config/service.html
-->
<ervice name="Catalina">
<!‐‐The connectors can use a shared executor, you can define one or more named thread pools‐
<!‐‐
<Executor name="tomcatThreadPool" namePrefix="catalina‐exec‐"
maxThreads="150" minSpareThreads="4"/>
‐‐>
<!‐‐ A "Connector" represents an endpoint by which requests are received
and responses are returned. Documentation at :
Java HTTP Connector: /docs/config/http.html (blocking & non‐blocking)
Java AJP Connector: /docs/config/ajp.html
APR (HTTP/AJP) Connector: /docs/apr.html
Define a non‐SSL HTTP/1.1 Connector on port 8080
‐‐>
<Connector port="8080" protocol="HTTP/1.1"
connectionTimeout="20000"
redirectPort="8443" />
<!‐‐ A "Connector" using the shared thread pool‐‐>
<!‐‐
<Connector executor="tomcatThreadPool"
port="8080" protocol="HTTP/1.1"
connectionTimeout="20000"
redirectPort="8443" />
‐‐>
<!‐‐ Define a SSL HTTP/1.1 Connector on port 8443
This connector uses the BIO implementation that requires the JSSE
style configuration. When using the APR/native implementation, the
OpenSSL style configuration is required as described in the APR/native
documentation ‐‐>
<!‐‐
<Connector port="8443" protocol="org.apache.coyote.http11.Http11Protocol"
maxThreads="150" SSLEnabled="true" scheme="https" secure="true"
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clientAuth="false" sslProtocol="TLS" />
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‐‐>
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<!‐‐ Define an AJP 1.3 Connector on port 8009 ‐‐>
<Connector port="8009" protocol="AJP/1.3" redirectPort="8443" />
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<!‐‐ An Engine represents the entry point (within Catalina) that processes
every request. The Engine implementation for Tomcat stand alone
analyzes the HTTP headers included with the request, and passes them
on to the appropriate Host (virtual host).
Documentation at /docs/config/engine.html ‐‐>
<!‐‐ You should set jvmRoute to support load‐balancing via AJP ie :
<Engine name="Catalina" defaultHost="localhost" jvmRoute="jvm1">
‐‐>
<Engine name="Catalina" defaultHost="localhost">
<!‐‐For clustering, please take a look at documentation at:
/docs/cluster‐howto.html (simple how to)
/docs/config/cluster.html (reference documentation) ‐‐>
<!‐‐
<Cluster className="org.apache.catalina.ha.tcp.SimpleTcpCluster"/>
‐‐>
<!‐‐ Use the LockOutRealm to prevent attempts to guess user passwords
via a brute‐force attack ‐‐>
<Realm className="org.apache.catalina.realm.LockOutRealm">
<!‐‐ This Realm uses the UserDatabase configured in the global JNDI
resources under the key "UserDatabase". Any edits
that are performed against this UserDatabase are immediately
available for use by the Realm. ‐‐>
<Realm className="org.apache.catalina.realm.UserDatabaseRealm"
resourceName="UserDatabase"/>
</Realm>
<Host name="localhost" appBase="webapps"
unpackWARs="true" autoDeploy="true">
<!‐‐ SingleSignOn valve, share authentication between web applications
Documentation at: /docs/config/valve.html ‐‐>
<!‐‐
<Valve className="org.apache.catalina.authenticator.SingleSignOn" />
‐‐>
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<!‐‐ Access log processes all example.
Documentation at: /docs/config/valve.html
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Note: The pattern used is equivalent to using pattern="common" ‐‐>
<Valve className="org.apache.catalina.valves.AccessLogValve" directory="logs"
prefix="localhost_access_log." suffix=".txt"
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</Host>
</Engine>
</ervice>
</erver>
pixzon March 30, 2016
Hello, i cant start Tomcat.
0
rrorcode
# sudo systemctl start tomcat
Job for tomcat.service failed because the control process exited with error code. See "syste
I use CentO 14.
Where can help me? :-)
uncleoni Jul 30, 2016
ee http://unix.stackexchange.com/questions/235891/tomcat-8-will-not-start-after-initial-install
0
krisclarkdev April 25, 2016
In case anone is having a hard time getting this to start:
0
Tomcat 7+ relies heavil on entrop. I couldn't get Tomcat 7 or 8 to start at all, it kept hanging on
deploing the weapps. This was ecause it was waiting on increased entrop. To solve this I
enaled epel then:
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um install haveged ×
sstemctl start haveged
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sstemctl enale haveged
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uano Ma 11, 2016
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it's ver good for me
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paulhr Ma 13, 2016
Question 1) Wh the "kill -15" and not "shutdown.sh" in the "/etc/sstemd/sstem/tomcat.service"
0
file?
Question 2) Where is MAINPID defined? It is used in "/etc/sstemd/sstem/tomcat.service"
file, ut not defined there?
meshter Ma 16, 2016
First of all, let me sa that this is was a great starting point for what I needed (not so man good
0
guides out there on this topic and Apache doesn't invest too much to deliver template scripts to
achieve this).
Regarding question 1, I had the same feeling - I used the shutdown script since it presumal is a
cleaner wa to shutdown tomcat. This is the line:
ExecStop=/bin/kill ‐15 $MAINPID
Also, this guide doesn't cover the installation of the apache tomcat native lirar. One should
consider that as well (or at least mention aout it).
As a last remark, a good practice that should e mentioned is the separation etween
CATALINAHOM and CATALINAA (this allows to deplo multiple tomcat services reusing the
same inaries and keeping them isolated).
paulhr Ma 16, 2016
I am forced to use xectop=/in/kill -15 $MAINPID. For reason I could not discover, the use of
0
the shutdown.sh script fails. The errors give no details. I was hoping to learn wh asking
the question.
While I do agree there is not much documentation on the topic I fail to understand how our
post answered the questions.
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dovuvnd June 1, 2016
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Hi ou. I have installed tomcat follow ou. It work. ign Up
0
I have a prolem aout " Too man open files". I have configure in "/etc/securit/limits.conf " with
``` * soft nofile 102400
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hard nofile 102400 tomcat soft nofile 102400 tomcat hard nofile 102400``. ut max open
file of m tomcat service onl 4096. Please help me. Thank ou.
egemotoff Jul 10, 2016
some add, ou must set permission for director /in too, efore i do this im have error "Failed at step
0
XC spawning /usr/share/tomcat8/in/startup.sh: Permission denied"
sudo chown ‐R tomcat webapps/ work/ temp/ logs/ bin/
vahid4m August 15, 2016
In m case, it was necessar to change owner and group for everthing in /opt/tomcat .
0
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