BATANGAS STATE UNIVERSITY

COLLEGE OF NURSING AND ALLIED HEALTH SCIENCE

BIOCHEMISTRY LABORATORY MC101L

CHAPTER 1-2 LAB ACTIVITIES

Name : Punzalan, Paul Angelo A.

Grade and Section: 1ST YR- BSN-1105
Date Submitted: SEPT. 23, 2021
Time Submitted:
Instructor: Sir Ryan Bautista

A. Alcohols, Phenols, Ethers, Thiols

1. Name the following compounds:

a)
CH3
CH3CH2CH2CH2CH2CH2CHOH

b)

CH3 CH3

C CH
H 3C C CH3
H2
OH

c)

CH3 OH

HO H2 H2C H2
C C CH
C C C CH3
H2 H2

H2C
CH3

d)

CH2CH2OH

e)
 OH

OH

2. Name the following compounds:

a)
H2
C CH2
OH
H2 C CH

H2 C CH2
CH CH

H3C CH3

b)
O CH3
H3 C C
H2

c)
O CH3
CH3 CH CH3

d)
CH3
CH3 C O CH CH3
CH3 CH3

e)
CH3

CH2
O
H2
C C
H 2C C

CH3 H3C O

O CH3
f)
CH3CH2CH2SH
g)
SH
CH3CH2CHCH2CH3

3. Complete the following reactions including all possible products. Name the family
of molecules that is formed:

OH

K2CrO4
CH3CH2CHCHCH3
H2SO4 / H2O
CH3

OH

H2SO4
CH3CH2CHCH2CH3
Δ

OH
H2SO4
2
CH3CHCH3

OH H2SO4 Major product

CH3CHCH 2CH2CHCHCH3
CH3 CH3 

K2CrO4 Minor product

CH3CH2CH2OH H2SO4 / H2O

 4. Complete the following reactions including all possible products. Name the family
of molecules that is formed:

H3C + 3 O2
O CH3

H2
C
+ H3C SH
H3C SH

OH K2CrO4
CH3CH2CH2CCH2CH2CH3
CH3 H2SO4 / H2O

5. Draw several methanol (CH3OH) molecules, illustrating hydrogen

bonding between them.
 B. BENZENE AND ITS DERIVATIVES ACTIVITY

Figure 1

Q1) (True/False) The compound above contains a benzene ring and thus is aromatic.
 False, the structure or the compound above doesn’t hold any ring on it.

Q2) Benzene unusual stability is caused by how many conjugated pi bonds in its
cyclic ring?
 Three conjugated pi bonds, the benzene requires a special catalyst to be
hydrogenated due to its unusual stability.

Q3) Menthol, a topical analgesic used in many ointments for the relief of pain, releases a
peppermint aroma upon exposure to the air. Based on this conclusion, can you imply
that a benzene ring is present in its chemical structure? Why or why not?
 It isn’t necessary mean that all compound that releases fragrance are capable of
having the presence of benzene on their structure.

Q4)

 As what I’ve stated earlier the benzene requires a special catalyst for it to be hydrogenated due
to itd unusual stability, therefore there’s no response happen.

Q5) At normal conditions, benzene has 2 resonance structures.

Q6) Which of the following name(s) is/are correct for the following compound?

a) nitrohydride benzene
b) phenylamine
c) phenylamide
d) aniline
e) nitrogenhydrogen benzene
f) All of the above is correct

Q7) Convert 1,4-dimethylbenzene into its common name.

 p- Xylene

Q8) TNT's common name is: _

 2,4,6- trinitrotoluene
Q9) Name the following compound using OMP nomenclature:

 -p-chloronitrobenzene

Q10) Draw the structure of 2,4-dinitrotoluene.

Q11) Name the following compound:

 4- phenylhepgane

Q12) Which of the following is the correct name for the following compound?

a) 3,4-difluorobenzyl bromide
b) 1,2-difluorobenzyl bromide
c) 4,5-difluorobenzyl bromide
d) 1,2-difluoroethyl bromide
e) 5,6-difluoroethyl bromide
f) 4,5-difluoroethyl bromide

Q13) (True/False) Benzyl chloride can be abbreviated Bz-Cl.

 Benzyl chloride falls on the group of Benzyl (Bn), therefore the correct abbreviation for
Benzyl chloride is Bn-cl.
Q14) Benzoic Acid has what R group attached to its phenyl functional group?

Q15) (True/False) A single aromatic compound can have multiple names indicating its
structure.
 COOH

Q16) List the corresponding positions for the OMP system (o-, m-, p-).
 Ortho-1,2 ; Meta – 1,3 ; Para - 14

Q17) A scientist has conducted an experiment on an unknown compound. He was able to

determine that the unknown compound contains a cyclic ring in its structure as well as an
alcohol (-OH) group attached to the ring. What is the unknown compound?
a) Cyclohexanol
b) Cyclicheptanol
c) Phenol
d) Methanol
e) Bleach
f) Cannot determine from the above information

Q18) Which of the following statements is false for the compound, phenol?
a) Phenol is a benzene derived compound.
b) Phenol can be made by attaching an -OH group to a phenyl group.
c) Phenol is highly toxic to the body even in small doses.
d) Phenol can be used as a catalyst in the hydrogenation of benzene into cyclohexane.
e) Phenol is used as an antiseptic in minute doses.
f) Phenol is amongst one of the three common names retained in the IUPAC
nomenclature.

C. ALDEHYDES AND KETONES

Write out the answers on separate sheets of paper.

1. Predict the major organic product of the following reactions.
2. Name the following molecules.
3. Draw step-by-step reaction mechanisms for each of the following reactions. Be sure to
include all intermediates, reaction and electron-pushing arrows, and charges for each
step.

4. Provide the product(s) or reagent(s) for the following reactions.

5. Evaluate each of the following sets of structures according to the given criterion.
Circle your choice and give a brief explanation of your reasoning.
a. Which is more reactive towards nucleophiles?
 6. Give the structure of the major organic product/products expected from each of
the following reactions.

BIOCHEM LAB
D. NAMING ORGANIC COMPOUNDS: 3 (aromatic compounds)

1. a) Br

b) Br

Br
c) NH2

d) OH

e) CH3

f) CH3
Cl

Cl

BIOCHEM LAB
 g) CHCl2

h) CH3

CH3 CH3
i) COOH

j) O O CH3
COOCH3 C

or better

(In an exam, if you were asked for the structure, you would have to remember to give the full
structure of the ester group. In this instance, where you are just practising naming things and
writing structures from names, it is less important.)

k) NO2

l)
CH
NO2 3
NO2

NO2

BIOCHEM LAB
2. a) chlorobenzene

b) 1,3-dichlorobenzene

c) 1,2-dichlorobenzene (NOT 1,6-dichlorobenzene – you have to number in such a way as to get

the lowest possible numbers in the name. In this case, the numbering would be anticlockwise.
Alternatively, you could give the left-hand of the two chlorines the number 1. Number 1 doesn't
necessarily have to be at the top.)

d) phenol (You could also call it hydroxybenzene, except that, in my experience,

hardly anybodydoes!)

e) benzene-1,2-dicarboxylic acid

f) phenyl benzoate (or phenyl benzenecarboxylate. Most people probably use the simpler name.
Well done if you got this one. The two benzene rings are confusing, especially since one of them
has been rotated to make it fit the diagram better. The right-hand one is in the same sort of
situation as the methyl group in methyl benzoate from Q1(j) – hence, phenyl.)

g) (chloromethyl)benzene

h) 1,3-dinitrobenzene

BIOCHEM LAB
 E. Carboxylic Acid Worksheet.
1. What are the fundamental naming rules for carboxylic acids?

2. What are the essential geometric properties of carboxylic acids?

3. What is the primary reason that carboxylic acids have higher boiling points than
the correspondingalcohols?

4. What are the general solubility characteristics of carboxylic acids and carboxylate
ions? (How do youmake a carboxylate ion?)

5. What is the pKa of an average aliphatic and an average aromatic carboxylic acid?
What factors causethe acidity to change in both types?

6. Find at least three common methods to prepare carboxylic acids

7. List all of the common derivatives (ones that are in the same oxidation category) that can
be preparedfrom carboxylic acids.

8. Provide the common name, the IUPAC name, and the structure of at least three essential
fatty acids.

9. What are the characteristic IR absorptions and NMR resonances that clearly identify
the carboxylic acid functional group?