Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Configuration Guide - Interface Management (V200R002C01 - 01)
Configuration Guide - Interface Management (V200R002C01 - 01)
V200R002C01
Issue 01
Date 2012-04-20
and other Huawei trademarks are trademarks of Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd.
All other trademarks and trade names mentioned in this document are the property of their respective holders.
Notice
The purchased products, services and features are stipulated by the contract made between Huawei and the
customer. All or part of the products, services and features described in this document may not be within the
purchase scope or the usage scope. Unless otherwise specified in the contract, all statements, information,
and recommendations in this document are provided "AS IS" without warranties, guarantees or representations
of any kind, either express or implied.
The information in this document is subject to change without notice. Every effort has been made in the
preparation of this document to ensure accuracy of the contents, but all statements, information, and
recommendations in this document do not constitute the warranty of any kind, express or implied.
Website: http://www.huawei.com
Email: support@huawei.com
Intended Audience
This document provides the basic concepts, configuration procedures, and configuration
examples of the interfaces supported by the AR1200.
This document is intended for:
l Data configuration engineers
l Commissioning engineers
l Network monitoring engineers
l System maintenance engineers
Symbol Conventions
The symbols that may be found in this document are defined as follows.
Symbol Description
Command Conventions
The command conventions that may be found in this document are defined as follows.
Convention Description
&<1-n> The parameter before the & sign can be repeated 1 to n times.
Change History
Updates between document issues are cumulative. Therefore, the latest document issue contains
all updates made in previous issues.
Contents
1 Interface Overview
This section describes common interface types and the interface numbering method.
1.1 Interface Types
Interfaces on the router are used to exchange data and interact with other network devices, and
are classified into physical interfaces and logical interfaces.
1.2 Interface Numbering
This section describes the interface numbering scheme on the AR routers.
Physical Interfaces
Physical interfaces exist on boards.
Physical interfaces are classified into the following types:
l LAN-side interface: is used by the router to exchange data with network devices on LANs.
l WAN-side interface: is used by the router to exchange data with devices on external
networks.
Logical Interfaces
Logical interfaces are manually configured interfaces and can be used to exchange data but do
not exist physically.
0 1 2 3
– There are two rows of interfaces on the interface card. These interfaces are numbered
from bottom to top and left to right starting with 0.
1 3 5 7 9 11
0 2 4 6 8 10
This chapter describes common interface types and how to view the interface information and
configure the interval for collecting the interface traffic.
2.1 Basic Interface Configuration
This section describes the basic interface configuration of the AR1200.
2.2 Basic Interface Configuration Supported by the AR1200
This section describes the basic interface configurations supported by the AR1200.
2.3 Configuring an Interface Description
This section describes how to configure interface descriptions that help you to recognize the
functions of the interfaces.
2.4 Configuring the Interval for Collecting Traffic Statistics on an Interface
This section describes how to configure the interval for collecting traffic statistics on all
interfaces or a specified interface. Traffic statistics help you to monitor network conditions.
2.5 Maintaining Interface Basic Configuration
For maintenance purposes, you need to monitor interface information and clear interface
statistics to collect new statistics.
To maintain many interfaces, you need to describe these interfaces. Interface descriptions record
the use of interfaces and help rapidly identify interfaces.
To set the interval for collecting the statistics of traffic on the interface so that you can easily
collect the interface traffic and rate, you can configure the function of collecting the statistics of
traffic on the interface.
The AR1200 supports the configuration of interface description and interval for collecting the
statistics on interface traffic.
In the system view and interface view, you can configure the interval for collecting the statistics
of traffic on the interface. In this manner, you can flexibly collect the statistics of the traffic rate
of all or partial interfaces.
Context
To maintain a large number of interfaces, you need to set interface descriptions to accurately
and rapidly recognize the interfaces.
Procedure
Step 1 Run:
system-view
Step 2 Depending on the type of interface, adjust the command to enter the interface view.
Run the interface interface-type interface-number command to enter the interface view.
Step 3 Run:
description interface-description
----End
Example
Run the display interface description command. If the description of the interface is displayed,
it means that the configuration succeeds. For example:
<Huawei> display interface description ethernet 2/0/0
PHY: Physical
*down: administratively down
^down: standby
(l): loopback
(s): spoofing
(b): BFD down
(d): Dampening Suppressed
Interface PHY Protocol Description
Eth2/0/0 up up HUAWEI, AR Series, Ethernet2/0/0
Interface
Applicable Environment
To easily collect the traffic volume and rate on interfaces, you can configure the interval for
collecting traffic statistics.
You can collect traffic statistics on all interfaces or a specified interface by configuring the
interval for collecting traffic statistics in the system view or interface view.
NOTE
l The interval set in the interface view takes effect on the current interface.
l The interval set in the system view takes effect on all the interfaces that use the default interval set in
the interface view.
Pre-configuration Tasks
Before configuring the interval for collecting the traffic statistics on an interface, complete the
following task:
Data Preparation
To configure the interval for collecting the traffic statistics on an interface, you need the
following data.
No. Data
Context
Perform the following steps on the router to configure the global interval for collecting traffic
statistics.
Procedure
Step 1 Run:
system-view
Step 2 Run:
set flow-stat interval interval
----End
Context
Perform the following steps on the router to configure interval for collecting traffic statistics on
an interface:
Procedure
Step 1 Run:
system-view
Step 2 Run:
interface interface-type interface-number
----End
Prerequisites
The interval for collecting traffic statistics on an interface or the global interval has been
configured.
Procedure
l Run the
l In the system view, run the display this command to check the global interval for collecting
traffic statistics.
l Run the display interface [ interface-type [ interface-number ] | slot slot-id ] command to
check the interval for collecting traffic statistics on an interface.
----End
Example
Run the display this command to view the global interval for collecting traffic statistics. Run
the display interface [ interface-type [ interface-number ] | slot slot-id ] command to view the
global interval for collecting the traffic statistics. You can see that the interval for collecting
traffic statistics on all the interfaces that previously use the default interval changes to the global
interval. If a non-default interval is configured on an interface, the interval remains unchanged.
[Huawei] display this
#
set flow-stat interval 100
#
return
<Huawei> display interface ethernet 0/0/0
Ethernet0/0/0 current state : UP
Line protocol current state : UP
Description:HUAWEI, AR Series, Ethernet0/0/0 Interface
Switch Port, PVID : 1, TPID : 8100(Hex), The Maximum Frame Length is 1628
IP Sending Frames' Format is PKTFMT_ETHNT_2, Hardware address is 00e0-fc01-0005
Last physical up time : 2011-01-27 14:26:10
Last physical down time : 2011-01-27 14:26:06
Current system time: 2011-01-27 14:38:18
Port Mode: COMMON COPPER
Speed : 100, Loopback: NONE
Duplex: FULL, Negotiation: ENABLE
Mdi : AUTO
Last 100 seconds input rate 104 bits/sec, 0 packets/sec
Last 100 seconds output rate 584 bits/sec, 0 packets/sec
Input peak rate 1104 bits/sec,Record time: 2011-01-28 16:25:35
Output peak rate 1832 bits/sec,Record time: 2011-01-28 16:26:03
CRC: 0, Giants: 0
Jabbers: 0, Throttles: 0
Runts: 0, Alignments: 0
Symbols: 0, Ignoreds: 0
Frames: 0
Collisions: 0, ExcessiveCollisions: 0
Late Collisions: 0, Deferreds: 0
Buffers Purged: 0
Context
Running the display interface command, you can view the current status and description of the
interface and the statistics of the received and sent packets.
Procedure
l Run the display interface [ interface-type [ interface-number ] | slot slot-id ] command to
check the current operating status of the interface and statistics collected on the interface.
l Run the display interface brief command in any view to check the brief information about
all the interfaces on the device, including the physical status, protocol status, and bandwidth
utilization of the interface.
l Run the display ip interface [ interface-type interface-number ] command in any view to
check the IP configuration of the interface.
l Run one of the following commands in any view to check brief IP configuration of the
interface.
– display ip interface brief [ interface-type [ interface-number ] ]
----End
Context
CAUTION
Statistics cannot be restored after you clear them. So, confirm the action before you use the
command.
To clear the interface statistics collected using the NMS or the display interface command, run
the following commands in the user view to clear previous traffic statistics on the interface.
Procedure
l Run the reset counters interface [ interface-type [ interface-number ] ] command in the
user view to clear the interface statistics collected using the display interface command.
l Run the reset reset counters if-mib interface [ interface-type [ interface-number ] ]
command in the user view to clear the interface statistics collected using the NMS.
----End
This chapter describes functions and configuration of Ethernet interfaces and provides
configuration examples.
Layer 3 Ethernet interfaces on the AR1200 include fast Ethernet (FE) interfaces and gigabit
Ethernet (GE) interfaces. Layer 3 FE interfaces are electrical interfaces and Layer 3 GE interfaces
include optical interfaces and electrical interfaces. Table 3-2 lists attributes of the Layer 3
Ethernet interfaces supported by the AR1200.
NOTE
By default, an Ethernet interface works in auto-negotiation mode. The default mode is recommended. If
auto-negotiation succeeds, interfaces on both ends work at the same duplex mode and rate.
Port Group
The port group function of the AR1200 allows you to configure multiple interfaces in a port
group at the same time. A command executed in the port group view applies to all the interfaces
in the port group.
Auto-Negotiation
The auto-negotiation function allows interfaces on both ends of a link to select the same operating
parameters by exchanging information. In auto-negotiation mode, interfaces negotiate their
operating parameters, including the duplex mode, rate, and flow control. If the negotiation
succeeds, the two interfaces use the same operating parameters.
Port Isolation
The simplest method of isolating interfaces on the AR1200 is to add different interfaces to
different VLANs, but this wastes VLAN resources. The port isolation function allows you to
add interfaces to a port isolation group so that these interfaces can be isolated from each other.
Therefore, this function helps implement secure and flexible networking schemes.
NOTE
Applicable Environment
The configuration task is required in the following cases:
l You can configure the description for an Ethernet interface to facilitate identification,
maintenance, and configuration of the interface.
l By default, an Ethernet interface automatically identifies the network cable type. If the
interface cannot identify the cable type, set the cable type manually.
l You can configure the auto-negotiation mode, duplex mode, rate, and bandwidth utilization
parameters on an interface.
NOTE
All parameters in this section have default values, and these default values are recommended.
Pre-configuration Tasks
Before configuring attributes for an Ethernet interface, complete the following task:
Data Preparation
To configure attributes for an Ethernet interface, you need the following data.
No. Data
Context
To perform the same configurations on multiple interfaces, add these interfaces to a port group.
In the port group view, you only need to run configuration commands one time, and the
configurations apply to all the interfaces in the port group. This reduces the configuration
workload.
Procedure
l Create a permanent port group
1. Run:
system-view
A permanent port group is created and the port group view is displayed.
3. Run:
group-member { interface-type interface-number1 [ to interface-type
interface-number2 ] } &<1-5>
A temporary port group is created and the port group view is displayed.
----End
Run the display port-group all command to check the configurations of all port groups.
<Huawei> display port-group all
Portgroup: group1
Ethernet0/0/0
Ethernet0/0/1
Context
In auto-negotiation mode, interfaces negotiate their operating parameters, including the duplex
mode, rate, and flow control. If the negotiation succeeds, the two interfaces use the same
operating parameters. In non-auto negotiation mode, the operating parameters must be set
manually.
Procedure
Step 1 Run:
system-view
NOTE
Interfaces on both ends of a link must work in the same negotiation mode.
----End
Context
An Ethernet interface works in either half duplex or full duplex mode:
l In half duplex mode, an Ethernet interface only receives or sends data at a time, and the
transmission distance is limited.
l In full duplex mode, an Ethernet interface can receive and send data at the same time, and
the maximum throughput is double that in half duplex mode. There is no limit on the
maximum transmission distance.
You can set the duplex mode for an interface in either auto-negotiation or non-auto negotiation
mode.
l In auto-negotiation mode, interfaces on both ends of a link negotiate their duplex mode. If
the negotiated duplex mode is not the required mode, you can set the duplex mode for the
two interfaces. For example, two interfaces negotiate to work in half duplex mode, but they
are required to work in full duplex mode (they both support full duplex), run the auto
duplex full command to set the full duplex mode for the two interfaces.
l In non-auto negotiation mode, you can set the required duplex mode for interfaces.
Procedure
l Setting the duplex mode in auto-negotiation mode
1. Run:
system-view
Context
In auto-negotiation mode, interfaces on both ends of a link negotiate their rate. If the negotiated
rate is not the required rate, you can set the auto-negotiation rate range to limit the negotiated
rate. For example, if two interfaces negotiate to work at a rate of 10 Mbit/s, but they are required
to work at a rate of 100 Mbit/s, you can run the auto speed 100 command to set the rate of the
interfaces to 100 Mbit/s.
In non-auto negotiation mode, you must set the rate for interfaces so that devices of the interfaces
can communicate.
Procedure
l Setting the rate in auto-negotiation mode
1. Run:
system-view
----End
Procedure
Step 1 Run:
system-view
Step 2 Run:
snmp-agent trap enable
The outbound and inbound bandwidth utilization alarm function is enabled on all Ethernet
interfaces.
Step 3 Run:
interface { ethernet | gigabitethernet } interface-number
Step 4 Run:
trap-threshold { input-rate | output-rate } bandwidth-in-use [ resume-rate
bandwidth-in-use ]
The threshold of the outbound or inbound bandwidth utilization is configured on the Ethernet
interface.
By default, the threshold of the outbound and inbound bandwidth utilization is 100%.
----End
Procedure
Step 1 Run:
system-view
NOTE
----End
Prerequisites
The configurations of Ethernet interface parameters are complete.
Procedure
Step 1 Run the display interface [ interface-type [ interface-number ] ] command to check the
configuration of an Ethernet interface.
----End
Example
Run the display interface [ interface-type [ interface-number ] ] command, and you can check
whether the configuration of the Ethernet interface is correct.
<Huawei> display interface ethernet 2/0/0
Ethernet2/0/0 current state : UP
Line protocol current state : UP
Last line protocol up time : 2010-09-08 22:27:47
Description:HUAWEI, AR Series, Ethernet2/0/0 Interface
Route Port,The Maximum Transmit Unit is 1500
Internet Address is 151.1.1.2/24
IP Sending Frames' Format is PKTFMT_ETHNT_2, Hardware address is 00e0-fc01-0ae3
Last physical up time : 2010-09-08 22:27:47
Last physical down time : 2010-09-08 22:22:56
Current system time: 2010-09-09 14:34:29
Port Mode: COMMON COPPER
Speed : 100, Loopback: NONE
Duplex: FULL, Negotiation: ENABLE
Mdi : AUTO
Last 300 seconds input rate 19184 bits/sec, 36 packets/sec
Last 300 seconds output rate 1640 bits/sec, 3 packets/sec
CRC: 0, Giants: 0
Jabbers: 0, Throttles: 0
Runts: 0, DropEvents: 0
Alignments: 0, Symbols: 0
Ignoreds: 0, Frames: 0
Collisions: 0, ExcessiveCollisions: 0
Late Collisions: 0, Deferreds: 0
Buffers Purged: 0
Applicable Environment
The AR1200 provides two types of Ethernet interfaces: Layer 2 Ethernet interface and Layer 3
Ethernet interface. A Layer 2 Ethernet interface works at the data link layer, processes Layer 2
protocol packets, and implements Layer 2 forwarding.
NOTE
For details about other configurations on the Layer 2 Ethernet interface, see 3.3 Configuring General Attributes
of Ethernet Interfaces.
Pre-configuration Tasks
Before setting parameters for a Layer 2 Ethernet interface, complete the following tasks:
Data Preparation
To set parameters for a Layer 2 Ethernet interface, you need the following data.
No. Data
Applicable Environment
Table 3-3 shows the port isolation methods and application scenarios.
Configure l When multiple hosts connect to different interfaces of a router and a host
unidirectio sends many broadcast packets to the other hosts, isolate the interface
nal connected to host from other interface unidirectionally. Then the other hosts
isolation do not receive packets from the host.
on l Interfaces in a port isolation group are isolated from each other, but interfaces
interfaces in different port isolation groups can communicate. To isolate interfaces in
different port isolation groups, configure unidirectional isolation between
these interfaces.
Configure To implement Layer 2 isolation between interfaces, you can add different
a port interfaces to different VLANs. This wastes VLAN resources. To save VLAN
isolation resources, you can enable port isolation to isolate interfaces in a VLAN. That
group is, you can add interfaces to a port isolation group to implement Layer 2 isolation
between these interfaces. Port isolation provides secure and flexible networking
schemes for customers.
Pre-configuration Tasks
Before configuring port isolation, complete the following task:
l Creating a VLAN
Procedure
l Configure unidirectional isolation on interfaces.
1. Run:
system-view
If interface A is isolated from interface B unidirectionally, packets sent from interface A cannot
reach interface B, but packets sent from interface B can reach interface A.
l Configure a port isolation group.
1. Run:
system-view
Interfaces in a port isolation group are isolated from each other, but interfaces in different port
isolation groups can communicate. If group-id is not specified, interfaces are added to port
isolation group 1.
----End
Context
Network congestion causes packet loss. Flow control is a method of avoiding packet loss. After
flow control is enabled on an interface, the interface sends a data frame to inform its remote
interface when the received traffic rate reaches or exceeds its capacity. If the remote interface
also supports flow control, it then sends data at a lower rate to prevent packet loss.
Procedure
Step 1 Run:
system-view
----End
Prerequisites
The configurations of Ethernet interface parameters are complete.
Procedure
Step 1 Run the display interface [ interface-type [ interface-number ] ] command to check the
configuration of an Ethernet interface.
----End
Example
Run the display interface [ interface-type [ interface-number ] ] command to check the
configuration of an Ethernet interface.
<Huawei> display interface ethernet 0/0/0
Ethernet0/0/0 current state : UP
Line protocol current state : UP
Description:HUAWEI, AR Series, Ethernet0/0/0 Interface
Switch Port, PVID : 1, TPID : 8100(Hex), The Maximum Frame Length is 1628
IP Sending Frames' Format is PKTFMT_ETHNT_2, Hardware address is 0018-2000-0083
Last physical up time : 2010-07-21 15:35:37
Last physical down time : 2010-07-20 01:06:25
Current system time: 2010-07-21 16:07:53-05:13
Port Mode: COMMON COPPER
Speed : 100, Loopback: NONE
Duplex: FULL, Negotiation: ENABLE
Mdi : AUTO
Last 300 seconds input rate 0 bits/sec, 0 packets/sec
Last 300 seconds output rate 0 bits/sec, 0 packets/sec
Input peak rate 0 bits/sec,Record time: -
Output peak rate 0 bits/sec,Record time: -
CRC: 0, Giants: 0
Jabbers: 0, Throttles: 0
Runts: 0, Alignments: 0
Symbols: 0, Ignoreds: 0
Frames: 0
Collisions: 0, ExcessiveCollisions: 0
Late Collisions: 0, Deferreds: 0
Buffers Purged: 0
Applicable Environment
The AR1200 provides two types of Ethernet interfaces: Layer 2 Ethernet interface and Layer 3
Ethernet interface. A Layer 3 Ethernet interface works at the network layer, can be assigned an
IP address, processes Layer 3 protocol packets, and provides the routing function.
Layer 3 GE interfaces include optical interfaces and electrical interfaces, the AR1200 supports
configuration of the working mode of a combo interface. A combo interface consists of an optical
Ethernet interface and an electrical Ethernet interface on the panel. Each combo interface
matches only one internal forwarding interface. A combo interface is a multiplexing interface,
and you can use either the optical interface or electrical interface at one time. When one of the
Ethernet interfaces is used, the other interface is disabled.
NOTE
For details about other configurations on the Layer 3 Ethernet interface, see 3.3 Configuring General Attributes
of Ethernet Interfaces.
Pre-configuration Tasks
Before setting parameters for a Layer 3 Ethernet interface, complete the following tasks:
l Powering on and starting the router
Procedure
Step 1 Run:
system-view
----End
CRC: 0, Giants: 0
Jabbers: 0, Throttles: 0
Runts: 0, Alignments: 0
Symbols: 0, Ignoreds: 0
Frames: 0
Collisions: 0, ExcessiveCollisions: 0
Late Collisions: 0, Deferreds: 0
Buffers Purged: 0
Context
CAUTION
Performing loopback detection affects system performance. After loopback detection is
performed, run the undo loopback command immediately to disable loopback detection.
Procedure
Step 1 Run:
system-view
The interface status is checked. If the current interface status is Up, the internal forwarding
function works properly; otherwise, a fault occurs during internal forwarding.
----End
Procedure
Step 1 Run:
system-view
virtual-cable-test
If the cable works properly, the total length of the cable is displayed.
If the cable is faulty, the distance from the interface to the fault point is displayed.
----End
Networking Requirements
As shown in Figure 3-1, PC1, PC2, and PC3 connect to Ethernet0/0/0, Ethernet0/0/1, and
Ethernet0/0/2 of RouterA and access the Internet by using an uplink.
PC1, PC2, and PC3 work at a rate of 100 Mbit/s, and Ethernet0/0/3 connecting RouterA and the
Internet also works at a rate of 100 Mbit/s. If the auto-negotiation rate range is not specified, the
rate negotiated between the interfaces (Ethernet0/0/0, Ethernet0/0/1, and Ethernet0/0/2) and the
PCs (PC1, PC2, and PC3) is 100 Mbit/s. This may cause congestion on outbound interface
Ethernet0/0/3.
IP Network
Router
Ethernet0/0/3
RouterA
Ethernet0/0/0 Ethernet0/0/2
Ethernet0/0/1
Configuration Roadmap
In auto-negotiation mode, Ethernet interfaces on both ends of a link negotiate their rate. The
negotiated rate may be any rate supported by Ethernet interfaces. By setting the auto-negotiation
rate range, you can configure Ethernet interfaces to negotiate their rate within the specified range.
Data Preparation
To complete the configuration, you need the following data:
l Numbers of the interfaces connecting RouterA to PC1, PC2, and PC3
Procedure
Step 1 Configure the auto-negotiation mode.
# Configure auto-negotiation on Ethernet0/0/0.
<Huawei> system-view
[Huawei] sysname RouterA
[RouterA] interface ethernet 0/0/0
[RouterA-Ethernet0/0/0] negotiation auto
[RouterA-Ethernet0/0/0] quit
----End
Configuration Files
Configuration file of RouterA
#
sysname RouterA
#
interface Ethernet0/0/0
auto speed 10
#
interface Ethernet0/0/1
auto speed 10
#
interface Ethernet0/0/2
auto speed 10
#
return
Networking Requirements
As shown in Figure 3-2, PC1, PC2, and PC3 belong to VLAN 10 and are connected to
Ethernet0/0/0, Ethernet0/0/1, and Ethernet0/0/2 on the Router.
The requirements are as follows: PC1 and PC2 cannot communicate with each other but they
can communicate with PC3.
Ethernet0/0/0 Ethernet0/0/2
Ethernet0/0/1
Configuration Roadmap
Add interfaces to a port isolation group to implement Layer 2 isolation between these interfaces.
Data Preparation
To complete the configuration, you need the following data:
Procedure
Step 1 Configure port isolation.
# Configure port isolation on Ethernet0/0/0.
<Router> system-view
[Router] interface ethernet 0/0/0
[Router-Ethernet0/0/0] port-isolate enable
[Router-Ethernet0/0/0] quit
----End
Configuration Files
The following lists only the configuration file of the Router.
#
sysname Router
#
interface Ethernet0/0/0
port link-type access
port default vlan 10
port-isolate enable group 1
#
interface Ethernet0/0/1
port link-type access
port default vlan 10
port-isolate enable group 1
#
interface Ethernet0/0/2
port link-type access
port default vlan 10
#
return
This chapter describes the principles and configuration procedures of serial interfaces.
4.1 Serial Interface Overview
This section describes the types and functions of serial interfaces.
4.2 Serial Interface Features Supported by the AR1200
This section describes the serial interface features supported by the AR1200.
4.3 Configuring a Synchronous Serial Interface
Configuring a synchronous serial interface includes setting physical and link layer parameters.
4.4 Configuring an Asynchronous Serial Interface
Configuring an asynchronous serial interface includes setting the working mode and parameters.
4.5 Configuration Examples
This section provides examples to illustrate how to configure a serial interface.
Serial interfaces are WAN interfaces and work in synchronous or asynchronous mode.
When a serial interface is used to establish a Digital Data Network (DDN) leased line or connects
to a terminal, the interface works in synchronous mode. When a serial interface is used to
establish an asynchronous leased line or is used for modem dial-up, data backup, or terminal
access, the interface works in asynchronous mode.
l Synchronous serial interfaces on two ends of a cable play different roles. One interface
functions as a Data Terminal Equipment (DTE) interface, and the other functions as a Data
Circuit-terminating Equipment (DCE) interface. The AR1200 functions as a DTE or DCE.
l Link layer protocols include the Point-to-Point Protocol (PPP), Frame Relay (FR), and
High-Level Data Link Control (HDLC).
l The network layer protocol is the Internet Protocol (IP).
l Protocol mode
– Serial interfaces on both ends establish a link based on the existing link layer protocol
parameters after a physical connection is established between them.
– The link layer protocol is PPP, and the network layer protocol is IP.
l Flow mode
– The local interface sends physical layer protocol parameters to the remote interface, and
then the two interfaces establish a link based on the configured parameters.
– The link layer protocol and network layer protocol (IP) are not supported.
Applicable Environment
To transmit upper-layer data services on a synchronous serial interface, set physical and link
layer parameters for the interface to ensure that its physical layer status and link layer status are
Up.
Pre-configuration Tasks
Before configuring a synchronous serial interface, complete the following tasks:
l Installing a 1SA/2SA interface card on the AR1200 and ensuring that it is registered
successfully
Data Preparation
To configure a synchronous serial interface, you need the following data.
No. Data
2 Optional parameters for the synchronous serial interface, including the baud rate,
virtual baud rate, clock mode, encoding and decoding mode, MTU, cyclic
redundancy check (CRC) bit, and line idle code
Procedure
Step 1 Run:
system-view
NOTE
The baud rate of the line between a DCE and a DTE is determined by the DCE. The baud rate of a synchronous
serial interface can be set only when the AR1200 functions as a DCE.
The virtual baud rate is set for the synchronous serial interface.
The default virtual baud rate of a synchronous serial interface is 64000 bit/s.
NOTE
The virtual baud rate of a synchronous serial interface can be set only when the AR1200 functions as a DTE.
By default, a synchronous serial interface uses the internal clock generated by the DCE.
NOTE
The clock mode of a synchronous serial interface can be set only when the AR1200 functions as a DTE.
The AR1200 is configured to invert clock signals transmitted by the synchronous serial interface.
By default, clock signals transmitted by a synchronous serial interface are not inverted.
NOTE
Clock signals transmitted by a synchronous serial interface can be inverted only when the AR1200 functions as
a DTE.
The AR1200 is configured to invert clock signals received by the synchronous serial interface.
By default, clock signals received by a synchronous serial interface are not inverted.
NOTE
Clock signals received by a synchronous serial interface can be inverted only when the AR1200 functions as a
DTE.
Detection of DSR and DTR signals is enabled on the synchronous serial interface.
By default, detection of DSR and DTR signals is enabled on a synchronous serial interface.
Data carrier detect (DCD) signal detection is enabled on the synchronous serial interface.
The AR1200 is configured to invert Request to Send (RTS) signals of the synchronous serial
interface.
----End
Procedure
Step 1 Run:
system-view
Step 2 Run:
interface serial interface-number
Step 4 (Optional) Configure the link layer protocol for a synchronous serial interface.
l Run:
link-protocol ppp
PPP is configured as the link layer protocol of the synchronous serial interface.
l Run:
link-protocol fr [ ietf | nonstandard ]
HDLC is configured as the link layer protocol of the synchronous serial interface.
The encoding and decoding mode is set for the synchronous serial interface.
The default encoding and decoding mode of a synchronous serial interface is Non Return to Zero
(NRZ).
The CRC check mode is set for the synchronous serial interface.
By default, 16-bit CRC is used.
Step 7 (Optional) Run:
idlecode { 7e | ff }
The line idle code is set for the synchronous serial interface.
By default, a synchronous serial interface uses the line idle code 0x7e.
Step 8 (Optional) Run:
mtu mtu
----End
Prerequisites
All link layer attributes are set for the serial interface.
Procedure
l Run the display interface serial [ interface-number ] command to check the configuration
and status of the specified serial interface.
l Run the display interface brief command to check brief information about the serial
interface.
l Run the display ip interface brief serial interface-number command to check the network-
layer configuration of the specified serial interface.
----End
Example
# Run the display interface serial command to check basic configurations and packet statistics
about the serial interface.
<Huawei> display interface Serial 1/0/0
Serial1/0/0 current state : UP
Line protocol current state : UP
Description:HUAWEI, AR Series, Serial1/0/0 Interface
Route Port,The Maximum Transmit Unit is 1233, Hold timer is 10(sec)
Internet Address is 10.2.1.1/31
Link layer protocol is PPP
LCP initial
Last physical up time : 2011-01-09 12:25:52
Last physical down time : 2011-01-09 12:25:51
Current system time: 2011-01-09 19:18:44
Physical layer is synchronous, Virtualbaudrate is 64000 bps
# Run the display interface brief command to check brief information about the serial interface,
including the physical status, link protocol status, bandwidth utilization, and number of error
packets.
<Huawei> display interface brief | include Serial1/0/0
PHY: Physical
*down: administratively down
(l): loopback
(s): spoofing
(b): BFD down
(d): Dampening Suppressed
InUti/OutUti: input utility/output utility
Interface PHY Protocol InUti OutUti inErrors outErrors
Serial1/0/0 up up 0% 0% 0 0
# Run the display ip interface brief command to check the physical status and IP address of
the serial interface.
<Huawei> display ip interface brief Serial 1/0/0
*down: administratively down
(l): loopback
(s): spoofing
Applicable Environment
To transmit upper-layer data services on an asynchronous serial interface, set the working mode
and parameters for the interface to ensure that its physical layer status and link layer status are
Up.
Pre-configuration Tasks
Before configuring an asynchronous serial interface, complete the following tasks:
Procedure
Step 1 Run:
system-view
Detection of Data Set Ready (DSR) and Data Terminal Ready (DTR) signals is enabled on the
asynchronous serial interface.
By default, detection of DSR and DTR signals is enabled on an asynchronous serial interface.
Step 6 (Optional) Run:
phy-mru mrusize
The maximum receive unit (MRU) is set for the asynchronous serial interface.
The default MRU of an asynchronous serial interface is 1700 bytes.
Step 7 (Optional) Run:
mtu mtu
The maximum transmission unit (MTU) is set for the asynchronous serial interface.
The default MTU of an asynchronous serial interface is 1500 bytes.
NOTE
The baud rate, flow control mode, parity bit, stop bit, and data bit of an asynchronous serial interface need to
be set in the user-interface view. For details, see Setting Physical Attributes of a TTY User Interface in "Basic
Configurations."
----End
Example
# Run the display interface serial command to check basic configurations and packet statistics
about the serial interface.
<Huawei> display interface Serial 1/0/0
Serial1/0/0 current state : UP
# Run the display interface brief command to check brief information about the serial interface,
including the physical status, link protocol status, bandwidth utilization, and number of error
packets.
<Huawei> display interface brief | include Serial1/0/0
PHY: Physical
*down: administratively down
(l): loopback
(s): spoofing
(b): BFD down
(d): Dampening Suppressed
InUti/OutUti: input utility/output utility
Interface PHY Protocol InUti OutUti inErrors outErrors
Serial1/0/0 up up 0% 0% 0 0
# Run the display ip interface brief command to check the physical status and IP address of
the serial interface.
<Huawei> display ip interface brief Serial 1/0/0
*down: administratively down
(l): loopback
(s): spoofing
Networking Requirements
As shown in Figure 4-1, each of RouterA and RouterB connects to an IP network, and they are
interconnected by synchronous serial interfaces. The synchronous serial interface of RouterA is
a DTE interface, and the synchronous serial interface of RouterB is a DCE interface.
Synchronous serial interfaces need to be configured so that the two IP networks can
communicate.
Serial1/0/0 Serial1/0/0
10.1.1.1/30 10.1.1.2/30
IP network IP network
RouterA RouterB
Configuration Roadmap
The configuration roadmap is as follows:
1. Set physical attributes of the synchronous serial interfaces to ensure that the interfaces are
physically Up.
2. Set link layer attributes of the synchronous serial interfaces to ensure that the link protocol
status of the interfaces is Up.
3. Configure IP addresses for the synchronous serial interfaces to enable the IP networks to
communicate.
Data Preparation
To complete the configuration, you need the following data:
Procedure
Step 1 Set physical attributes for synchronous serial interfaces.
# Configure RouterA.
<Huawei> system-view
[Huawei] sysname RouterA
[RouterA] interface serial 1/0/0
[RouterA-Serial1/0/0] clock rc
[RouterA-Serial1/0/0] virtualbaudrate 72000
# Configure RouterB.
<Huawei> system-view
[Huawei] sysname RouterB
[RouterB] interface serial 1/0/0
[RouterB-Serial1/0/0] baudrate 72000
# Configure RouterB.
[RouterB-Serial1/0/0] link-protocol ppp
[RouterB-Serial1/0/0] mtu 1400
[RouterB-Serial1/0/0] shutdown
[RouterB-Serial1/0/0] undo shutdown
# Configure RouterB.
[RouterB-Serial1/0/0] ip address 10.1.1.2 30
[RouterB-Serial1/0/0] quit
# Check the routing table of the serial interface. Use the display of RouterA as an example. You
can view information about the routes destined for the peer end.
<RouterA> display ip routing-table
Route Flags: R - relied, D - download to fib
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# RouterA and RouterB can ping each other successfully. Use the display of RouterA as an
example. Ping RouterB from RouterA, and you can view the following information:
[RouterA] ping 10.1.1.2
PING 10.1.1.2: 56 data bytes, press CTRL_C to break
Reply from 10.1.1.2: bytes=56 Sequence=1 ttl=255 time=90 ms
Reply from 10.1.1.2: bytes=56 Sequence=2 ttl=255 time=50 ms
Reply from 10.1.1.2: bytes=56 Sequence=3 ttl=255 time=50 ms
Reply from 10.1.1.2: bytes=56 Sequence=4 ttl=255 time=40 ms
Reply from 10.1.1.2: bytes=56 Sequence=5 ttl=255 time=30 ms
--- 10.1.1.2 ping statistics ---
5 packet(s) transmitted
5 packet(s) received
0.00% packet loss
round-trip min/avg/max = 30/52/90 ms
----End
Configuration Files
Configuration file of RouterA
#
sysname RouterA
#
interface Serial1/0/0
link-protocol ppp
clock rc
virtualbaudrate 72000
mtu 1400
ip address 10.1.1.1 255.255.255.252
#
return
This chapter describes the principles and configuration procedures of async interfaces.
5.1 Async Interface Overview
This section describes the principles and functions of async interfaces.
5.2 Async Interface Features Supported by the AR1200
This section describes the async interface features supported by the AR1200.
5.3 Configuring an Async Interface
This section describes how to set parameters for an async interface.
Applicable Environment
To transmit upper-layer data services on an async interface, set parameters for the interface to
ensure that its physical layer status and link layer status are Up.
Pre-configuration Tasks
Before configuring an async interface, complete the following tasks:
l Installing an 8AS interface card on the AR1200 and ensuring that it is registered
successfully
Procedure
Step 1 Run:
system-view
Detection of Data Set Ready (DSR) and Data Terminal Ready (DTR) signals is enabled on the
async interface.
By default, detection of DSR and DTR signals is enabled on an async interface.
Step 5 (Optional) Run:
phy-mru mrusize
The maximum receive unit (MRU) is set for the async interface.
The default MRU of an async interface is 1700 bytes.
Step 6 (Optional) Run:
mtu mtu
The maximum transmission unit (MTU) is set for the async interface.
The default MTU of an async interface is 1500 bytes.
NOTE
The baud rate, flow control mode, parity bit, stop bit, and data bit of an async interface need to be set in the user-
interface view. For details, see Setting Physical Attributes of a TTY User Interface in "Basic Configurations."
----End
Example
# Run the display interface async command to check basic configurations and packet statistics
about the async interface.
<Huawei> display interface async 2/0/0
Async2/0/0 current state : UP
Line protocol current state : UP (spoofing)
Description:HUAWEI, AR Series, Async2/0/0 Interface
Route Port,The Maximum Transmit Unit is 1200, Hold timer is 10(sec)
Internet Address is 10.137.77.69/24
Last physical up time : 2011-01-16
21:09:21
Last physical down time : 2011-01-16 21:08:31
Current system time: 2011-01-16 21:09:37
Physical layer is async, Baudrate is 9600 bps
Last 300 seconds input rate 0 bytes/sec 0 bits/sec 0 packets/sec
Last 300 seconds output rate 0 bytes/sec 0 bits/sec 0 packets/sec
Input: 0 packets, 0 bytes
Broadcast: 0, Multicast: 0
Errors: 0, Runts: 0
Giants: 0, CRC: 0
Alignments: 0, Overruns: 0
Dribbles: 0, Aborts: 0
No Buffers: 0, Frame Error: 0
Collisions: 0, Deferred: 0
# Run the display interface brief command to check brief information about the async interface,
including the physical status, link protocol status, bandwidth utilization, and number of error
packets.
<Huawei> display interface brief | include Async2/0/0
PHY: Physical
*down: administratively down
(l): loopback
(s): spoofing
(b): BFD down
(d): Dampening Suppressed
InUti/OutUti: input utility/output utility
Interface PHY Protocol InUti OutUti inErrors outErrors
Async2/0/0 up up 0% 0% 0 0
# Run the display ip interface brief command to check the physical status and IP address of
the async interface.
<Huawei> display ip interface brief async 2/0/0
*down: administratively down
(l): loopback
(s): spoofing
This chapter describes the principles and configuration procedures of CE1/PRI interfaces.
Introduction to E1 and T1
The Pulse Code Modulation (PCM) technology promotes the application of the Time Division
Multiplexing (TDM) technology in the digital communication system. Currently, two TDM
systems are available in the digital communication system:
l E1: a 30/32 channel system used in China and Europe. E1 has 32 timeslots, and each
timeslot has a rate of 64 kbit/s. Therefore, E1 works at a rate of 2.048 Mbit/s.
l T1: a 24 channel system used in North America. T1 has 24 timeslots, all of which can be
used to transmit data. Therefore, T1 works at a rate of 1.544 Mbit/s.
interface and supports link layer protocols such as PPP and network protocols such as
IP, and can be configured with Dialer Control Center (DCC) parameters.
CE1/PRI interfaces are provided by the 1E1T1-M/2E1T1-M interface card of the AR1200. A
1E1T1-M/2E1T1-M interface card can provide CE1/PRI interfaces or CT1/PRI interfaces,
depending on the working mode.
Clock Mode
To exchange data correctly, communicating parties must have their clocks synchronized.
Generally, the interface at one end of a link works in master clock mode, and the interface at the
other end works in slave clock mode.
Frame Format
A CE1/PRI interface supports two frame formats:
l Cyclic redundancy check 4 (CRC4) multiframe format: A CRC4 multiframe is formed by
the first bit in each frame transmitted over timeslot 0. This format contains 16 consecutive
pulse code modulation (PCM) frames.
l Basic frame format (non-CRC4): This format is also called the dual-frame format or odd-
even frame format. An even frame in timeslot 0 transmits frame alignment signal 0011011.
An odd frame in timeslot 0 has a fixed value 1 in the second bit, which distinguishes it from
an even frame with value 0 in the second bit.
The AR1200 supports two line idle codes: 0x7e and 0xff.
The AR1200 supports two interframe filling tags: 0x7e and 0xff. On the AR1200, you can set
the minimum number of interframe filling tags.
AIS Detection
AIS alarms are also called upstream alarms, indicating that the peer device or the receive link
of the local device is faulty.
If the number of 0s in 512 consecutive bits (two consecutive frames) of a received signal is
smaller than 3, an AIS alarm is generated. If the number of 0s in 512 consecutive bits of a received
signal is larger than or equal to 3, an AIS alarm is cleared.
RAI Detection
An RAI alarm is sent to an upstream device after the AR1200 detects loss of frame (LoF) caused
by clock asynchronization or loss of signal (LOS).
Applicable Environment
A 1E1T1-M/2E1T1-M interface card can work in CE1/PRI or CT1/PRI mode. To use CE1/PRI
interfaces, configure this interface card to work in CE1/PRI mode.
Pre-configuration Tasks
Before configuring a 1E1T1-M/2E1T1-M interface card to work in CE1/PRI mode, complete
the following task:
Procedure
Step 1 Run:
system-view
Step 2 Run:
set workmode slot slot-id e1t1 e1-data
The 1E1T1-M/2E1T1-M interface card is reset to make the configuration take effect.
----End
Applicable Environment
In different scenarios, a CE1/PRI interface works in different modes:
l To use a dedicated E1 line (with 2 Mbit/s bandwidth) to transmit data, configure a CE1/
PRI interface to work in E1 mode.
l To use multiple low-rate (128 kbit/s or 256 kbit/s) channels to transmit different services,
configure a CE1/PRI interface to work in CE1 mode.
l To use a CE1/PRI interface as a PRI interface, configure the CE1/PRI interface to work in
PRI mode.
Pre-configuration Tasks
Before configuring a CE1/PRI interface, complete the following task:
l 6.3 Configuring a 1E1T1-M/2E1T1-M Interface Card to Work in CE1/PRI Mode
Data Preparation
To configure a CE1/PRI interface to work in E1 mode, you need the following data.
No. Data
No. Data
To configure a CE1/PRI interface to work in CE1/PRI mode, you need the following data.
No. Data
2 l Number of the channel set and numbers of the timeslots to be bundled to form
the channel set if a CE1/PRI interface needs to work in CE1 mode
l Numbers of the timeslots to be bundled to form a PRI set if a CE1/PRI
interface needs to work in PRI mode
Context
If a CE1/PRI interface works in CE1/PRI mode and has timeslots bundled, delete the timeslot
bundling configuration. Otherwise, the CE1/PRI interface cannot be configured to work in E1
mode.
CAUTION
All parameters except the clock mode of CE1/PRI interfaces on both ends must be the same.
Otherwise, errors may occur during communication.
Procedure
Step 1 Run:
system-view
Step 3 Run:
using e1
The interframe filling tag and the minimum number of interframe filling tags are set.
By default, a CE1/PRI interface uses the interframe filling tag 0x7e and a minimum number
of four interframe filling tags.
l Run:
detect-ais
If the CE1/PRI works in E1 mode and uses the interframe filling tag 0xff, run the undo detect-ais command
to disable AIS detection.
----End
Context
CAUTION
All parameters except the clock mode of CE1/PRI interfaces on both ends must be the same.
Otherwise, errors may occur during communication.
Procedure
Step 1 Run:
system-view
Step 2 Run:
controller e1 interface-number
Step 3 Run:
using ce1
Step 4 Run:
channel-set set-number timeslot-list list
The bundled channel set functions as a serial interface and has the same logical features as a
synchronous serial interface. The number format of a serial interface is "serial interface-
number:set-number". interface-number specifies the number of a CE1/PRI interface, and set-
number specifies the number of a channel set. You can configure settings for this serial interface,
including an IP address, parameters of link layer protocols (such as PPP and FR), and network
address translation (NAT).
NOTE
The channel-set and pri-set commands cannot be used on the same CE1/PRI interface. That is, you can
configure only one timeslot bundling mode on a CE1/PRI interface.
Step 5 Run:
line-termination { 75-ohm | 120-ohm }
By default, a CE1/PRI interface connects to a 120 ohm balanced cable (twisted pair).
If the type of the cable connected to a CE1/PRI interface changes, use this command to change
the cable type.
The interframe filling tag and the minimum number of interframe filling tags are set.
By default, a CE1/PRI interface uses the interframe filling tag 0x7e and a minimum number
of four interframe filling tags.
----End
Context
CAUTION
All parameters except the clock mode of CE1/PRI interfaces on both ends must be the same.
Otherwise, errors may occur during communication.
Procedure
Step 1 Run:
system-view
Step 2 Run:
controller e1 interface-number
Step 4 Run:
pri-set [ timeslot-list list ]
The bundled PRI set functions as a serial interface that has the same logical features as an ISDN
PRI interface. The number format of a serial interface is "serial interface-number:15". interface-
number specifies the number of a CE1/PRI interface. You can configure settings for this ISDN
PRI interface, including DCC parameters, PPP authentication parameters, and NAT.
NOTE
The pri-set and channel-set commands cannot be used on the same CE1/PRI interface. That is, you can
configure only one timeslot bundling mode on a CE1/PRI interface.
Step 5 Run:
line-termination { 75-ohm | 120-ohm }
By default, a CE1/PRI interface connects to a 120 ohm balanced cable (twisted pair).
If the type of the cable connected to a CE1/PRI interface changes, use this command to change
the cable type.
The interframe filling tag and the minimum number of interframe filling tags are set.
By default, a CE1/PRI interface uses the interframe filling tag 0x7e and a minimum number
of four interframe filling tags.
----End
Procedure
Step 1 Run the display interface serial interface-number command to check the status and packet
statistics on the specified serial interface.
Step 2 Run the display controller e1 interface-number command to check the status and parameters
of the specified CE1/PRI interface.
----End
Example
In this example, the CE1/PRI interface works in CE1 mode.
Run the display interface serial interface-number command, and you can view the status and
packet statistics of the specified serial interface.
<Huawei> display interface serial 1/0/0:0
Serial1/0/0:0 current state : UP
Line protocol current state : UP
Last line protocol up time : 2010-10-19 13:35:10 UTC-05:13
Description:HUAWEI, AR Series, Serial1/0/0:0 Interface
Route Port,The Maximum Transmit Unit is 1500, Hold timer is 10(sec)
Derived from E1 1/0/0, Timeslot(s) Used: 1-10, baudrate is 640000 bps
Internet Address is 10.10.10.10/24
Link layer protocol is PPP
LCP opened, IPCP opened
QoS max-bandwidth : 640 Kbps
Output queue : (Urgent queue : Size/Length/Discards) 0/50/0
Output queue : (Protocol queue : Size/Length/Discards) 0/1000/0
Output queue : (FIFO queue : Size/Length/Discards) 0/256/0
Run the display controller e1 interface-number command, and you can view the status and
parameters of the specified CE1/PRI interface.
<Huawei> display controller e1 1/0/0
E1 1/0/0 current state : UP
Description : HUAWEI, AR Series, E1 1/0/0 Interface
Basic Configuration:
Work Mode is E1 Framed, Cable type is 120 Ohm balanced.
Frame-format is NO-CRC4, Line Code is Hdb3.
Source Clock is Slave, Data-coding is Normal.
Idle code is 7E, Itf type is 7E, Itf number is 4.
Loopback is Not Set.
Alarm State:
Receiver alarm state is Loss-of-Frame.
Transmitter is sending remote alarm.
Context
To monitor the status of an interface or locate faults on the interface, you can collect traffic
statistics on the interface. After analyzing the statistics, you can clear the statistics begin
collecting a new set of traffic statistics.
CAUTION
Interface statistics cannot be restored after they are cleared.
Procedure
Step 1 Run the reset counters interface serial [ interface-number ] command in the user view to clear
statistics about the serial interface generated on the CE1/PRI interface.
----End
This chapter describes the principles and configuration procedures of CT1/PRI interfaces.
Introduction to E1 and T1
The Pulse Code Modulation (PCM) technology promotes the application of the Time Division
Multiplexing (TDM) technology in the digital communication system. Currently, two TDM
systems are available in the digital communication system:
l E1: a 30/32 channel system used in China and Europe. E1 has 32 timeslots, and each
timeslot has a rate of 64 kbit/s. Therefore, E1 works at a rate of 2.048 Mbit/s.
l T1: a 24 channel system used in North America. T1 has 24 timeslots, all of which can be
used to transmit data. Therefore, T1 works at a rate of 1.544 Mbit/s.
Clock Mode
To exchange data correctly, communicating parties must work in clock synchronization state.
A CT1/PRI interface works in either of the two clock modes:
l In master clock mode, the CT1/PRI interface uses internal clock signals.
l In slave clock mode, the CT1/PRI interface uses line clock signals.
Generally, the interface at one end of a link works in master clock mode, and the interface at the
other end works in slave clock mode.
Frame Format
A CT1/PRI interface supports two frame formats:
l Super frame (SF): consists of 12 frames that share the same frame alignment information
and signaling information. Frame 6 and frame 12 are signaling frames.
l Extended super frame (ESF): consists of 24 frames that share the same frame alignment
information and signaling information. Frames 6, 12, 18, and 24 are signaling frames.
The AR1200 supports two line idle codes: 0x7e and 0xff.
The AR1200 supports two interframe filling tags: 0x7e and 0xff. On the AR1200, you can set
the minimum number of interframe filling tags.
AIS Detection
AIS alarms are also called upstream alarms, indicating that the peer device or the receive link
of the local device is faulty.
If the number of 0s in 512 consecutive bits (two consecutive frames) of a received signal is
smaller than 3, an AIS alarm is generated. If the number of 0s in 512 consecutive bits of a received
signal is larger than or equal to 3, an AIS alarm is cleared.
RAI Detection
An RAI alarm is sent to an upstream device after the AR1200 detects loss of frame (LoF) caused
by clock asynchronization or loss of signal (LOS).
Applicable Environment
A 1E1T1-M/2E1T1-M interface card can work in CE1/PRI or CT1/PRI mode. To use CT1/PRI
interfaces, configure this interface card to work in CT1/PRI mode.
Pre-configuration Tasks
Before configuring a 1E1T1-M/2E1T1-M interface card to work in CT1/PRI mode, complete
the following task:
Procedure
Step 1 Run:
system-view
Step 2 Run:
set workmode slot slot-id e1t1 t1-data
Step 3 Run:
quit
Step 4 Run:
reset slot slot-id
The 1E1T1-M/2E1T1-M interface card is reset to make the configuration take effect.
----End
Applicable Environment
In different scenarios, a CT1/PRI interface works in different modes:
l To use multiple low-rate (128 kbit/s or 256 kbit/s) channels to transmit different services,
configure a CT1/PRI interface to work in CT1 mode.
l To use a CT1/PRI interface to transmit voice service data and ISDN signals, configure it
to work in PRI mode.
Pre-configuration Tasks
Before configuring a CT1/PRI interface, complete the following tasks:
l 7.3 Configuring a 1E1T1-M/2E1T1-M Interface Card to Work in CT1/PRI Mode
Data Preparation
To configure a CT1/PRI interface, you need the following data.
No. Data
2 l Number of the channel set and numbers of the timeslots to be bundled to form
the channel set if a CT1/PRI interface needs to work in CT1 mode
l Numbers of the timeslots to be bundled to form a PR1 set if a CT1/PRI interface
needs to work in PRI mode
Context
CAUTION
All parameters except the clock mode of CT1/PRI interfaces on both ends must be the same.
Otherwise, errors may occur during communication.
Procedure
Step 1 Run:
system-view
NOTE
The channel-set and pri-set commands cannot be used on the same CT1/PRI interface. That is, you can
configure only one timeslot bundling mode on a CT1/PRI interface.
The attenuation or length of the transmission line matching the CT1/PRI interface is
configured.
The default attenuation of the transmission line on a CT1/PRI interface is -7.5 db.
When signals that the AR1200 receives are of a good quality, use the default configuration.
3. Run:
clock { master | slave }
detect-rai
The interframe filling tag and the minimum number of interframe filling tags are set.
By default, a CT1/PRI interface uses the interframe filling tag 0x7e and a minimum number
of four interframe filling tags.
----End
Context
CAUTION
All parameters except the clock mode of CT1/PRI interfaces on both ends must be the same.
Otherwise, errors may occur during communication.
Procedure
Step 1 Run:
system-view
NOTE
The pri-set and channel-set commands cannot be used on the same CT1/PRI interface. That is, you can
configure only one timeslot bundling mode on a CT1/PRI interface.
The attenuation or length of the transmission line matching the CT1/PRI interface is
configured.
The default attenuation of the transmission line on a CT1/PRI interface is -7.5 db.
When signals that the AR1200 receives are of a good quality, use the default configuration.
3. Run:
clock { master | slave }
detect-rai
The interframe filling tag and the minimum number of interframe filling tags are set.
By default, a CT1/PRI interface uses the interframe filling tag 0x7e and a minimum number
of four interframe filling tags.
----End
Procedure
Step 1 Run the display interface serial interface-number command to check the status and packet
statistics of the specified serial interface.
Step 2 Run the display controller t1 interface-number command to check the status and parameters
of the specified CT1/PRI interface.
----End
Example
In this example, the CT1/PRI interface works in CT1 mode.
Run the display interface serial interface-number command, and you can view the status and
packet statistics of the specified serial interface.
<Huawei> display interface serial 1/0/0:0
Serial1/0/0:0 current state : UP
Line protocol current state : UP
Last line protocol up time : 2010-10-19 13:35:10 UTC-05:13
Description:HUAWEI, AR Series, Serial1/0/0:0 Interface
Route Port,The Maximum Transmit Unit is 1500, Hold timer is 10(sec)
Derived from T1 1/0/0, Timeslot(s) Used: 1-10, baudrate is 640000 bps
Internet Address is 10.10.10.10/24
Link layer protocol is PPP
LCP opened, IPCP opened
QoS max-bandwidth : 640 Kbps
Output queue : (Urgent queue : Size/Length/Discards) 0/50/0
Output queue : (Protocol queue : Size/Length/Discards) 0/1000/0
Output queue : (FIFO queue : Size/Length/Discards) 0/256/0
Run the display controller t1 interface-number command, and you can view the status and
parameters of the specified CT1/PRI interface.
<Huawei> display controller t1 1/0/0
T1 1/0/0 current state : DOWN
Description : HUAWEI, AR Series, T1 1/0/0 Interface
Work Mode is T1 Framed, Cable type is 100 Ohm balanced.
Frame-format is ESF, Line Code is B8zs.
Source Clock is Slave, Data-coding is Normal.
Idle code is 7E, Itf type is 7E, Itf number is 4.
Loopback is Not Set.
Alarm State:
Receiver alarm state is Loss-of-Frame.
Transmitter is sending remote alarm.
Context
To monitor the status of an interface or locate faults on the interface, you can collect traffic
statistics on the interface. After analyzing the statistics, you can clear the statistics to begin
collecting a new set of traffic statistics.
CAUTION
Interface statistics cannot be restored after they are cleared.
Procedure
Step 1 Run the reset counters interface serial [ interface-number ] command in the user view to clear
statistics about the serial interface generated on the CT1/PRI interface.
----End
Clock Mode
To exchange data correctly, communicating parties must work in clock synchronization state.
Frame Format
An E1-F interface supports the following frame formats:
l Cyclic redundancy check 4 (CRC4) multiframe format: A CRC4 multiframe is formed by
the first bit in each frame transmitted over timeslot 0. It contains 16 consecutive pulse code
modulation (PCM) frames.
l Basic frame format: This format is also called the dual-frame format or odd-even frame
format. An even frame in timeslot 0 transmits frame alignment signal 0011011. An odd
frame in timeslot 0 has a fixed value 1 in the second bit, which distinguishes it from an
even frame with value 0 in the second bit.
AIS Detection
AIS alarms are also called upstream alarms, indicating that the peer device or the receive link
of the local device is faulty.
An AIS alarm is generated when the number of 0s in 512 consecutive bits (two consecutive
frames) of a received signal is smaller than 3. An AIS alarm is cleared when the number of 0s
in 512 consecutive bits of a received signal is larger than or equal to 3.
RAI Detection
An RAI alarm is sent to an upstream device after the AR1200 detects loss of frame (LoF) caused
by clock asynchronization or loss of signal (LoS).
Applicable Environment
Configure the working mode of an E1-F interface based on the usage scenario:
l If the E1-F interface is connected to an E1 leased line (2 Mbit/s), configure the E1-F
interface to work in unframed mode.
l If the E1-F interface is connected to a low-rate (1 Mbit/s or 512 kbit/s) line, configure the
E1-F interface to work in framed mode.
Pre-configuration Tasks
Before configuring an E1-F interface, complete the following tasks:
l Starting the AR1200
l Checking the working mode of the E1-F interface
Data Preparation
To configure an E1-F interface to work in framed mode, you need the following data.
No. Data
3 Optional parameters of the E1-F interface, including the description, clock mode,
frame format, line idle code, interframe filling tag, number of interframe filling
tags, and RAI detection
To configure an E1-F interface to work in unframed mode, you need the following data.
No. Data
2 Optional parameters of the E1-F interface, including the description, clock mode,
line idle code, interframe filling tag, number of interframe filling tags, and AIS
detection
Context
The command for displaying the E1-F interface view is different from that for displaying the
CE1/PRI interface view. To enter the CE1/PRI interface view, run the controller e1 interface-
number command. To enter the E1-F interface view, run the interface serial interface-
number command.
CAUTION
E1-F interfaces on both ends must be configured with the same parameters except for the clock
mode. Otherwise, devices on both ends cannot communicate properly.
Procedure
Step 1 Run:
system-view
The interframe filling tag type and minimum number of interframe filling tags are set.
By default, an E1-F interface uses the interframe filling tag 0x7e and sends a minimum of
four filling tags between two frames.
----End
Context
The command for displaying the E1-F interface view is different from that for displaying the
CE1/PRI interface view. To enter the CE1/PRI interface view, run the controller e1 interface-
number command. To enter the E1-F interface view, run the interface serial interface-
number command.
CAUTION
E1-F interfaces on both ends must be configured with the same parameters except for the clock
mode. Otherwise, devices on both ends cannot communicate properly.
Procedure
Step 1 Run:
system-view
Step 2 Run:
interface serial interface-number
Step 3 Run:
fe1 unframed
By default, the cable type applicable to an E1-F interface is 120 ohm balanced cable (twisted
pair).
This step is required when the type of the cable connected to an E1-F interface changes.
By default, an E1-F interface works in slave clock mode and uses the line clock.
4. Run:
fe1 idlecode { 7e | ff }
The interframe filling tag type and minimum number of interframe filling tags are set.
By default, an E1-F interface uses the interframe filling tag 0x7e and sends a minimum of
four filling tags between two frames.
6. Run:
fe1 detect-ais
NOTE
If the E1-F works in unframed mode and uses the interframe filling tag 0xff, run the undo fe1 detect-
ais command to disable AIS detection.
----End
Procedure
Step 1 Run the display interface serial interface-number command to check the status and traffic
statistics of the E1-F interface.
Step 2 Run the display fe1 serial interface-number command to check the configuration and alarm
information about the E1-F interface.
----End
Example
The following operations are performed on an E1-F interface working in framed mode.
# Run the display interface serial interface-number command, and you can view the status and
traffic statistics of the E1-F interface.
<Huawei> display interface serial 1/0/0
Serial1/0/0 current state : UP
Line protocol current state : UP
Last line protocol up time : 2011-06-29 19:25:09
Description:HUAWEI, AR Series, Serial1/0/0 Interface
Route Port,The Maximum Transmit Unit is 1500, Hold timer is 10(sec)
Internet Address is 2.2.3.1/24
Link layer protocol is PPP
LCP opened, IPCP stopped
Timeslot(s) Used: 1-31, baudrate is 1984000 bps
# Run the display fe1 serial interface-number command, and you can view the configuration
and alarm information about the E1-F interface.
<Huawei> display fe1 serial 1/0/0
Serial1/0/0
Basic Configuration:
Work Mode is E1 Fractional Framed, Cable type is 120 Ohm balanced.
Frame-format is NO-CRC4, Line Code is Hdb3.
Source Clock is Slave, Data-coding is Normal.
Idle code is 7E, Itf type is 7E, Itf number is 4.
Loopback is Not Set.
Alarm State:
Receiver alarm state is None.
Context
CAUTION
Interface traffic statistics cannot be restored after being cleared.
Procedure
Step 1 Run the reset counters interface serial [ interface-number ] command in the user view to clear
traffic statistics about the E1-F interface.
----End
A T1-F interface works only in framed mode. In this mode, a T1-F interface is divided into 24
timeslots, which are numbered 1 to 24. All the 24 timeslots can be bundled into a channel. The
rate of a T1-F interface is n x 64 kbit/s or n x 56 kbit/s, in which n is the number of timeslots
bundled into a channel. A T1-F interface is similar to a synchronous serial interface and supports
link layer protocols such as the Point-to-Point Protocol (PPP), High-Level Data Link Control
(HDLC), and Frame Relay (FR) and network protocols such as IP.
Clock Mode
To exchange data correctly, communicating parties must have their clocks synchronized.
Generally, the interface at one end of a link works in master clock mode, and the interface at the
other end works in slave clock mode.
Frame Format
A T1-F interface supports the following frame formats:
l Extended super frame (ESF): consists of 24 frames that share the same frame alignment
information and signaling information. Frames 6, 12, 18, and 24 are signaling frames.
l Super frame (SF): consists of 12 frames that share the same frame alignment information
and signaling information. Frame 6 and frame 12 are signaling frames.
The AR1200 supports two line idle codes: 0x7e and 0xff.
The AR1200 supports two types of interframe filling tags: 0x7e and 0xff and allows you to set
the minimum number of interframe filling tags.
RAI Detection
A remote alarm indication (RAI) alarm is sent to an upstream device after the AR1200 detects
loss of frame (LoF) caused by clock asynchronization or loss of signal (LOS).
Applicable Environment
A 1E1T1-F/2E1T1-F interface card works in E1-F or T1-F mode. To use T1-F interfaces,
configure this interface card to work in T1-F mode.
Pre-configuration Tasks
Before configuring a 1E1T1-F/2E1T1-F interface card to work in T1-F mode, run the display
device command to check the registration status of the interface card. Ensure that it is in
Registered state.
Procedure
Step 1 Run:
system-view
Step 2 Run:
set workmode slot slot-id e1t1-f t1-f
After you using this command, the system displays a message asking you whether to reset the
1E1T1-F/2E1T1-F interface card. If you enter Y, the system resets the interface card to make
the configuration take effect. You can also perform the following operations to reset the interface
card.
The 1E1T1-F/2E1T1-F interface card is reset to make the configuration take effect.
----End
Context
CAUTION
T1-F interfaces on both ends must be configured with the same parameters except for the clock
mode. Otherwise, devices on both ends cannot communicate properly.
Procedure
Step 1 Run:
system-view
Step 6 Run:
ft1 clock { master | slave }
The interframe filling tag type and minimum number of interframe filling tags are set.
By default, a T1-F interface uses the interframe filling tag 0x7e and sends a minimum of four
filling tags between two frames.
Step 13 Run:
ft1 loopback { local | payload | remote }
----End
Procedure
Step 1 Run the display interface serial interface-number command to check the status and traffic
statistics of the T1-F interface.
Step 2 Run the display ft1 serial interface-number command to check the configuration and alarm
information about the T1-F interface.
----End
Example
# Run the display interface serial interface-number command, and you can view the status and
traffic statistics of the T1-F interface.
<Huawei> display interface serial 1/0/0
Serial1/0/0 current state : UP
Line protocol current state : UP
Last line protocol up time : 2011-05-31 19:40:42
Description:HUAWEI, AR Series, Serial1/0/0
Interface
Route Port,The Maximum Transmit Unit is 1500, Hold timer is 10(sec)
Internet protocol processing : disabled
Link layer protocol is PPP
LCP opened
Last physical up time : 2011-05-31 19:36:40
Last physical down time : 2011-05-31 18:09:43
Current system time: 2011-06-01 14:30:46
Last 300 seconds input rate 2 bytes/sec 16 bits/sec 0 packets/sec
Last 300 seconds output rate 2 bytes/sec 16 bits/sec 0 packets/sec
# Run the display ft1 serial interface-number command, and you can view the configuration
and alarm information about the T1-F interface.
<Huawei> display ft1 serial 1/0/0
Serial1/0/0
Basic Configuration:
Work Mode is T1 Fractional Framed, Cable type is 100 Ohm balanced.
Frame-format is ESF, Line Code is B8zs.
Source Clock is Slave, Data-coding is Normal.
Context
CAUTION
Interface traffic statistics cannot be restored after being cleared.
Procedure
Step 1 Run the reset counters interface serial [ interface-number ] command in the user view to clear
traffic statistics about the T1-F interface.
----End
This section describes the concept and configuration of 3G Cellular interfaces on the AR1200.
10.1 3G Cellular Interface Overview
This section describes the concept and function of a 3G Cellular interface.
10.2 3G Cellular Interface Features Supported by the AR1200
This section describes the features of a 3G Cellular interface.
10.3 Configuring a 3G Cellular Interface
You can use the 3G Cellular interfaces of an AR1200 to configure and maintain 3G modems.
10.4 Maintaining a 3G Cellular Interface
You can restart the 3G modem connected to a 3G Cellular interface or clear traffic statistics on
the 3G Cellular interface.
10.5 Configuration Examples
This section provides an example to illustrate how to configure a 3G Cellular interface.
Do not remove the 3G modem that has been installed in the device within 5s.
Applicable Environment
When an AR1200 functions as an egress gateway on an enterprise network, connect 3G modems
to the 3G Cellular interfaces so that users in the enterprise can connect to the Internet through a
3G cellular network.
NOTE
In addition to parameters described in this section, you can also configure PPP parameters, dial control center
(DCC) parameters, IP address, Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP), domain name system (DNS),
and firewall. For details, see the configuration guides of these features.
Pre-configuration Tasks
Before configuring a 3G Cellular interface, perform the following tasks:
Data Preparation
To configure a 3G Cellular interface, you need the following data.
No. Data
3 (Optional) Mobile country code (MCC) and mobile network code (MNC)
Context
An APN identifies a service type on a WCDMA network. The WCDMA system provide services
for users according to APNs configured for the users.
Procedure
Step 1 Run:
system-view
----End
Procedure
Step 1 Run:
system-view
A PLMN is selected.
By default, a 3G modem automatically selects a PLMN.
----End
Prerequisites
By default, each type of the 3G modem has a unique network connection mode. Users can change
the network connection mode of a 3G modem by referring to the step Step 3.
Procedure
Step 1 Run:
system-view
----End
Context
A PIN identifies the user of a USIM/SIM/UIM card and prevents unauthorized users from using
the USIM/SIM/UIM card.
Procedure
l Enable PIN authentication.
1. Run:
system-view
NOTE
If a user enters incorrect PINs three consecutive times, the PIN is locked to protect security of the
USIM/SIM/UIM card. To unlock the PIN, enter the PUK.
l Change the PIN.
1. Run:
system-view
----End
Procedure
Step 1 Run the display cellular interface-number all command to view information about all call
sessions on the 3G modem.
Step 2 Run the display interface cellular [ interface-number ] command to view the status of and
traffic statistics on the 3G Cellular interface.
----End
Example
# Run the display cellular interface-number all command to view information about all call
sessions on the 3G modem.
<Huawei> display Cellular 0/0/0 all
Modem State:
Hardware Information.
=====================
Model = K4505
Modem Firmware Version = 11.870.02.10.11
Hardware Version = "CP12TCPU"
International Mobile Subscriber Identity (IMSI) = 460016002707237
International Mobile Equipment Identity (IMEI) = 354661034412719
Factory Serial Number (FSN) = MLA7NA1093003693
Modem Status = Online
Profile Information.
====================
Profile 1 = ACTIVE
--------
PDP Type = IPv4, Header Compression = OFF
Data Compression = OFF
Access Point Name (APN) = 3GNET
Packet Session Status = Active
* - Default profile
Network Information.
====================
Current Service Status = Service available
Current Service = Combined
Packet Service = Attached
Packet Session Status = Active
Current Roaming Status = Home
Network Selection Mode = Automatic
Network Connection Mode = WCDMA precedence
Current Network Connection = WCDMA
(WCDMA)
Mobile Country Code (MCC) = 460
Mobile Network Code (MNC) = 01
Location Area Code (LAC) = 53505
Cell ID = 6012
Downstream Bandwidth = 384kbps
Radio Information.
==================
Current Band = ANY
Current RSSI = -109 dBm
Modem Security Information.
===========================
PIN Verification = Disabled
PIN Status = Ready
Number of Retries remaining = 3
SIM Status = OK
# Run the display interface cellular [ interface-number ] command to view the status of and
traffic statistics on the 3G Cellular interface.
<Huawei> display interface Cellular 0/0/0
Cellular0/0/0 current state : UP
Line protocol current state : UP (spoofing)
Description:HUAWEI, AR Series, Cellular0/0/0 Interface
Route Port,The Maximum Transmit Unit is 1500
Internet Address is negotiated, 192.168.70.94/32
Link layer protocol is PPP
LCP opened, IPCP opened
Last physical up time : 2011-06-08 10:53:15
Last physical down time : 2011-06-08 10:53:13
Current system time: 2011-06-08 11:35:23
USB Modem State: Present
Last 300 seconds input rate 555 bytes/sec, 4440 bits/sec
Last 300 seconds output rate 0 bytes/sec, 0 bits/sec
Context
A 3G modem restarts automatically when it detects an exception. If the 3G modem cannot restart
automatically, restart it manually.
Procedure
Step 1 Run:
system-view
Step 2 Run:
interface cellular interface-number
Step 3 Run:
modem reboot
----End
Context
CAUTION
The cleared traffic statistics cannot be restored.
Procedure
l Run the reset counters interface cellular [ interface-number ] command to delete traffic
statistics on a 3G Cellular interface.
----End
Prerequisites
You have run the display cellular interface status command to view the 3G modem interface
status.
Context
To ensure information security, run the undo install cellular interface command to shield the
3G modem interface.
You can run the install cellular interface command to restore the default configuration. That
is, when the system detects that a 3G modem is installed, it displays the 3G Cellular interface.
Procedure
Step 1 Run:
system-view
Step 3 Run:
reboot
NOTE
You must restart the device to make the configured 3G Cellular interface take effect.
----End
Networking Requirements
As shown in Figure 10-1, the Router connects to an enterprise network through Ethernet0/0/0
and connects to the Internet through the 3G Cellular interface.
The enterprise intranet uses only one network segment 192.168.100.1/24 and has subscribed to
the Wideband Code Division Multiple Access (WCDMA) service, and the Router uses the DCC
function to connect the enterprise to the Internet. The enterprise has obtained APN 3GNET and
dial string *99# from a carrier.
NOTE
The dial string is *99# or *98# on a WCDMA network and #777 on a CDMA2000 network.
Router
Eth0/0/0
3G Network
Enterprise Users
Configuration Roadmap
The configuration roadmap is as follows:
l Configure an APN.
l Configure a network connection mode for the WCDMA network.
l Configure circular DCC.
Data Preparation
To complete the configuration, you need the following data:
l APN: 3GNET
l Dial string: *99#
NOTE
You may also need to configure DHCP, DNS, and firewall functions. The configuration procedure is not provided
here.
Procedure
Step 1 Configure an IP address for the 3G Cellular interface.
<Huawei> system-view
[Huawei] sysname Router
[Router] interface cellular 0/0/0
[Router-Cellular0/0/0] ip address ppp-negotiate
# View information about all call sessions on the 3G modem. The following command output
shows that the APN is 3GNET, the network type is WCDMA, and the network connection mode
is WCDMA precedence.
----End
Example
Configuration file of the Router
#
sysname Router
#
acl number 3002
rule 5 permit ip source 192.168.100.0 0.0.0.255
#
interface Cellular0/0/0
ip address ppp-negotiate
dialer enable-circular
dialer-group 1
dialer number *99#
nat outbound 3002
#
dialer-rule
dialer-rule 1 ip permit
#
This chapter describes the principles and configuration procedures of ISDN BRI interfaces.
11.1 ISDN BRI Interface Overview
This section describes the principles of ISDN BRI interfaces.
11.2 ISDN BRI Features Supported by the AR1200
This section describes the ISDN BRI interface features supported by the AR1200.
11.3 Configuring an ISDN BRI Interface
This section describes how to configure an ISDN BRI interface.
11.4 Maintaining an ISDN BRI Interface
ISDN BRI interface maintenance tasks include loopback detection and packet statistics clearing.
The Integrated Services Digital Network (ISDN) provides end-to-end digital connections and
supports a wide range of services, including voice, high-speed fax, video phone, intelligent
telegraph, and teletext services.
ISDN physical interfaces are classified into two types: Basic Rate Interface (BRI) and Primary
Rate Interface (PRI).
Both BRI and PRI interfaces contain data channels (B channels) and signaling channels (D
channels). B channels transmit data (IP/IPX packets) of upper-layer applications, and D channels
transmit all ISDN signaling packets.
A BRI interface contains two 64 kbit/s B channels and one 16 kbit/s D channel, and the interface
bandwidth is 2B + D. The two B channels (B1 channel and B2 channel) can be used
independently or be bundled by using the MP technique to provide a maximum transmission
rate of 128 kbit/s.
PRI interfaces are classified into CE1/PRI interfaces and CT1/PRI interfaces.
NOTE
Applicable Environment
Use this configuration task to set the following parameters:
Pre-configuration Tasks
Before configuring an ISDN BRI interface, complete the following task:
l Installing a 1BST interface card on the AR1200 and ensuring that it is registered
successfully
Procedure
Step 1 Run:
system-view
----End
Context
NOTE
Performing loopback detection affects system performance. After loopback detection is performed, run the undo
loopback command to disable loopback detection immediately.
Procedure
Step 1 Run:
system-view
----End
Context
CAUTION
The cleared statistics on an ISDN BRI interface cannot be restored.
Procedure
l Run the reset counters interface [ interface-type [ interface-number ] ] command to clear
the statistics on the specified ISDN BRI interface.
----End
The Asymmetric Digital Subscriber Line (ADSL) technology transmits LAN services over low-
cost twisted pairs.
12.1 ADSL Overview
Asymmetric Digital Subscriber Line (ADSL) is a data communications technology that enables
fast data transmission over copper twisted pairs by employing high frequencies that are not used
by regular telephone lines.
12.2 ADSL Features Supported by the AR1200
To enable the AR1200 function as a CPE to transmit services on an ADSL line, deactivate an
ADSL interface on the AR1200, set parameters for the interface, and then activate the interface
to make configurations take effect.
12.3 Setting Parameters for an ADSL Interface
After parameters are set for an ADSL interface on the AR1200, the AR1200 can transmit data
upstream.
12.4 Configuration Examples
This section provides an example showing how to configure an ADSL interface.
Background
Depending on transmission media, network access modes include wired access, wireless access,
and combination of wired and wireless access. Wired access includes twisted pair access, fiber
access, and access by using both twisted pairs and fibers. Traditional copper twisted pairs are
widely used for access, so ADSL becomes the most competitive access mode.
ADSL uses the frequency division multiplexing (FDM) technology to classify telephone lines
into regular telephone lines, upstream channels, and downstream channels, avoiding
interference. ADSL can provide channelized data services (including E1/Tl, FR, IP, and ATM
services) and transmit data, voice, and video signals at a high rate.
ADSL Evolution
The first ADSL standards (G.992.1 G.DMT and G.992.2 G.Lite) supported the upstream
transmission rate of 640 kbit/s to 2 Mbit/s, downstream transmission rate of 1 Mbit/s to 8 Mbit/
s, and transmission distance of 3 to 5 km. Since the release of ADSL in June 1999, the ITU has
been improving the ADSL transmission performance, anti-attenuation and anti-interference
capabilities, line diagnosis, and operation maintenance. In 2002, the ITU released ADSL2, which
comprises two new ADSL standards (G.992.3 and G.992.4). In 2003, the ITU defined G.992.5,
which is referred to as ADSL2+.
Compared with the first ADSL technology, ADSL2/2+ has the following advantages:
ADSL System
As shown in Figure 12-1, an ADSL system consists of a Digital Subscriber Line Access
Multiplexer (DSLAM) and Customer Premises Equipment (CPE).
l A DSLAM is an aggregation device that terminates ADSL packets on the central office.
l A CPE provides interfaces for users, modulates and demodulates data signals, and uploads
user data to a DSLAM.
NOTE
In the ADSL system, downstream transmission refers to data transmission from a DSLAM to a
CPE, and upstream transmission refers to data transmission from a CPE to a DSLAM. ADSL
interfaces on the AR1200 are upstream interfaces.
NOTE
Only the AR206, AR207, AR207V, and AR207V-P support ADSL interfaces.
Interface Activation
Activation of a G.SHDSL interface refers to the training between a DSLAM and a CPE. During
the training, the two devices check the line distance and status and negotiate parameters such as
the transmission standard, upstream and downstream line rates, and specified noise margin. If
the training succeeds, the G.SHDSL interface on the CPE is activated and can transmit data.
After an AR1200 starts, its G.SHDSL interface is automatically activated. The G.SHDSL
interface remains activated as long as its G.SHDSL line works properly. To set line parameters,
deactivate the G.SHDSL interface on the CPE. After setting parameters, activate the interface
to make configurations take effect.
Transmission Standard
Parameters for an ADSL interface include the transmission standard, bit exchange status,
seamless rate adaptation status, and trellis coding status.
Transmission Standard
The AR1200 functions as a CPE and must be configured with the same transmission standard
as the DSLAM. It is recommended that you configure the AR1200 to automatically adapt to the
transmission standard of the DSLAM.
NOTE
The performance of an ADSL interface depends on external factors, such as DSLAM line card types, DSLAM
software version, line noise, line length, and temperature.
Bit Exchange
During line activation, every sub-channel calculates the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) and the
number of bits to be transmitted. After the line is activated, the SNR may change because the
external environment changes. For example, the SNRs of some sub-channels decrease, whereas
the SNRs of others increase. After a long period of time, the line may disconnect.
The bit exchange function addresses this issue in the following ways:
l Allows sub-channels with low SNRs switch some bits that they cannot transmit to sub-
channels with higher SNRs.
l Reduces the transmit power of sub-channels with higher SNRs to increase the sending rate
and SNRs of sub-channels with lower SNRs.
These measures reduce the bit error rate without triggering line negotiation.
To prevent the line disconnection when the external environment changes, the bit exchange
function adjusts bit distribution or the power among sub-channels without deactivating the line.
However, the bit exchange function cannot change the line rate. When the line environment
worse, the bit exchange function just allows the line to be activated at a smaller rate. When the
line environment becomes better, the bit exchange function cannot adjust the rate and therefore,
wasting line resources.
Seamless rate adaptation solves this problem by dynamically adjusting the line rate without
reactivating the line.
Trellis Coding
Trellis coding increases the SNR by using an algorithm with a high coding efficiency. After
trellis coding is enabled, the line activation rate is significantly increased.
Applicable Environment
Parameters for an ADSL interface include the transmission standard, bit exchange status,
seamless rate adaptation status, and trellis coding status. The AR1200 must be configured with
the same transmission standard as the DSLAM; otherwise, the ADSL interface on the
AR1200 cannot be activated. Bit exchange, seamless rate adaptation and trellis coding take effect
only when they are enabled on both the AR1200 and DSLAM.
Pre-configuration Tasks
Before setting parameters for an ADSL interface, complete the following task:
l Installing an ADSL-A/M or ADSL-B interface card on the AR1200 and ensuring that it is
registered successfully
Data Preparation
To set parameters for an ADSL interface, you need the following data.
No. Data
Prerequisites
None.
Context
Deactivating an ADSL interface disconnects it from a DSLAM. To enable the ADSL interface
to transmit services, reactivate the interface.
NOTE
Procedure
Step 1 Run:
system-view
Step 2 Run:
interface atm interface-number
Step 3 Run:
shutdown
----End
Prerequisites
The ADSL interface has been deactivated.
Context
Parameters for an ADSL interface include the transmission standard, bit exchange status,
seamless rate adaptation status, and trellis coding status.
Procedure
Step 1 Run:
system-view
Step 2 Run:
interface atm interface-number
Step 3 Run:
adsl standard { adsl2 [ annexm ] | adsl2+ [ annexm ] | annexl | auto | gdmt |
t1413 }
By default, an ADSL interface transmission standard is auto. An ADSL interface must use the
same transmission standard as the remote ADSL interface on the DSLAM.
NOTE
The AnnexM standard is enabled on the AR1200 by default. You can use the AnnexM standard to activate the
ADSL interface on the AR1200 only when the AnnexM standard is also enabled on the DSLAM.
Step 4 Run:
adsl bitswap { off | on }
Step 5 Run:
adsl sra { off | on }
Step 6 Run:
adsl trellis { off | on }
----End
Prerequisites
Parameters have been set for an ADSL interface.
Context
Activation of an ADSL interface refers to the training between a DSLAM and a CPE. During
the training, the two devices check the line distance and status and negotiate parameters such as
the transmission standard, upstream and downstream line rates, and specified noise margin. If
the training succeeds, the ADSL interface on the CPE is activated and can transmit data.
After an AR1200 starts, its ADSL interface is automatically activated. The ADSL interface
remains activated as long as the ADSL line works properly. To set line parameters, deactivate
the ADSL interface on the CPE. After setting parameters, activate the interface to make
configurations take effect.
Procedure
Step 1 Run:
system-view
Step 2 Run:
interface atm interface-number
Step 3 Run:
undo shutdown
----End
Prerequisites
All the configurations of the ADSL interface are complete.
Procedure
l Run the display dsl interface atm interface-number command to check the information
about an ADSL interface.
l Run the display interface atm [ interface-number ] command to check the configuration
and status of an ADSL interface.
----End
Example
Run the display dsl interface atm interface-number command on the AR1200, you can check
the training status, transmission standard, line status, performance statistics, bit exchange status,
seamless rate adaptation status, trellis coding status, and board version of the ADSL interface.
<Huawei> display dsl interface atm 1/0/0
--------------------------------------------------------------
DSL driver and PHY status
Training Status : Showtime
Transmission mode : ADSL2
Line Status : No Defect
Downstream max. attainable rate(Kbps): 28184
Upstream max. attainable rate(Kbps) : 2529
Downstream actual net data rate(Kbps): 24538
Upstream actual net data rate(Kbps) : 1021
Downstream SNR margin(dB) : 13.1
Upstream SNR margin(dB) : 18.9
Downstream attenuation(dB) : 0.0
Upstream attenuation(dB) : 4.8
Downstream output power(dB) : 7.2
Upstream output power(dB) : -8.3
Downstream total cells : 3305378
Upstream total cells : 74443
Downstream data cells : 36545
Upstream data cells : 5447
Downstream bit errors : 124
Upstream bit errors : 365
Total drop cells : 241
Downstream total ES count : 0
Upstream total ES count : 0
Downstream total SES count : 0
Upstream total SES count : 0
Downstream total UAS count : 72
Upstream total UAS count : 72
Total AS count : 36
Line modulations
G.Dmt : Disabled
ADSL2 : Disabled
T1.413 : Disabled
AnnexL : Disabled
ADSL2+ :
Enabled
AnnexM : Disabled
Line capability
Bitswap : On
SRA : Off
Trellis coding : On
Board version
Board ID: : 963281TAN
Software version : 4.06L.03
Bootloader (CFE) version : 1.0.37-106.24
DSL PHY and driver version : A2pD033a.d23c
Build timestamp : 20110221_2122
--------------------------------------------------------------
Run the display interface atm [ interface-number ] command on the AR1200. The status of
and performance statistics about the ADSL interface are displayed.
<Huawei> display interface atm 1/0/0
Networking Requirements
As shown in Figure 12-2, multiple hosts in Enterprise A connect to the Interface through an
enterprise gateway (Router).
Enterprise A requires a data access solution that is easy to deploy and provides high-speed
downstream transmission to meet requirements of data and video services. To meet these service
requirements, the carrier provides an ADSL line for Enterprise A so that the Router can connect
to the DSLAM by using an ADSL interface.
Router DSLAM
ATM1/0/0
Internet
Enterprise A
Configuration Roadmap
The configuration roadmap is as follows:
1. Deactivate an ADSL interface.
2. Set the same parameters on Router as those of the DSLAM.
3. Activate the ADSL interface.
Data Preparation
To complete the configuration, you need the following data:
l Transmission standard of the DSLAM: ADSL2+
l Bit exchange status of the DSLAM: on
l Seamless rate adaptation status of the DSLAM: off
l Trellis coding status of the DSLAM: on
Procedure
Step 1 Deactivate ATM1/0/0.
<Huawei> system-view
[Huawei] sysname Router
[Router] interface atm 1/0/0
[Router-Atm1/0/0] shutdown
Step 2 Configure the transmission standard ADSL2+ for the ADSL interface.
[Router-Atm1/0/0] adsl standard adsl2+
Line modulations
G.Dmt : Disabled
ADSL2 : Disabled
T1.413 : Disabled
AnnexL : Disabled
ADSL2+ :
Enabled
AnnexM : Disabled
Line capability
Bitswap : On
SRA : Off
Trellis coding : On
Board version
Board ID: : 963281TAN
Software version : 4.06L.03
Bootloader (CFE) version : 1.0.37-106.24
DSL PHY and driver version : A2pD033a.d23c
Build timestamp : 20110221_2122
--------------------------------------------------------------
# Check the status of and performance statistics about the ADSL interface.
<Router> display interface atm 1/0/0
----End
Configuration Files
l Configuration file of the Router
#
sysname Router
#
interface Atm1/0/0
adsl standard adsl2+
#
return
The Very high data rate Digital Subscriber Line (VDSL) technology transmits LAN services
over low-cost twisted pairs.
13.1 VDSL Overview
Based on the DSL, the Very high data rate Digital Subscriber Line (VDSL) integrates various
interface protocols multiplexes upstream and downstream channels to provide a high
transmission rate.
13.2 VDSL Features Supported by the AR1200
To enable the AR1200 function as a CPE to transmit services on an VDSL line, deactivate an
VDSL interface on the AR1200, set parameters for the interface, and then activate the interface
to make configurations take effect.
13.3 Setting the Working Mode for a VDSL Interface
The AR1200 can communicate with a DSLAM only when its VDSL interfaces work in the same
mode as VDSL interfaces on the DSLAM.
13.4 Configuring a VDSL Interface in ATM Mode
When the AR1200 connects to a DSLAM using an VDSL interface, set parameters for the VDSL
interface.
13.5 Configuring an VDSL Interface in PTM Mode
This section describes how to configure an VDSL interface in PTM mode.
13.6 Configuration Examples
This section provides an example showing how to configure an VDSL interface.
VDSL Introduction
ADSL provides limited bandwidth for image services at high costs, which hinders ADSL
development. VDSL is the most advanced digital subscriber line technology and further
improves the downstream bandwidth of the xDSL system.
VDSL System
As shown in Figure 13-1, an VDSL system consists of a Digital Subscriber Line Access
Multiplexer (DSLAM) and Customer Premises Equipment (CPE).
l A DSLAM is an aggregation device that terminates VDSL packets on the central office.
l A CPE provides interfaces for users, modulates and demodulates data signals, and uploads
user data to a DSLAM.
NOTE
In the VDSL system, downstream transmission refers to data transmission from a DSLAM to a
CPE, and upstream transmission refers to data transmission from a CPE to a DSLAM. VDSL
interfaces on the AR1200 are upstream interfaces.
Advantages of VDSL
Compared with ADSL, VDSL has the following advantages:
1. Data transmission rate: ADSL provides the upstream transmission rate of 640 kbit/s to 2
Mbit/s and the downstream transmission rate of 1 kbit/s to 8 Mbit/s. VDSL provides the
upstream transmission rate of 0.8 Mbit/s to 6.4 Mbit/s and the downstream transmission
rate of 6.5 kbit/s to 52 Mbit/s. In the last mile, VDSL provides 10 Mbit/s upstream and
downstream transmission rates. VDSL transmits services faster than ADSL.
2. Line activation rate: ADSL provides high transmit power, so lines interfere with each other.
ADSL provides the line activation rate of only 10% to 30%. VDSL provides low transmit
power, so there is less crosstalk. VDSL provides the line activation rate of over 90%.
3. Transmission mode: ADSL provides only asymmetrical transmission, but VDSL provides
both asymmetrical and symmetrical transmission.
4. Frequency band: ADSL transmits digital signals at the frequency bands of 25 kHz to 1.1
MHz, but VDSL uses higher frequency bands of 0.138 MHz to 12 MHz.
5. Transmission quality: VDSL provides good transmission quality and supports HD video
conference, VoD, and BTV, whereas ADSL cannot provide these services.
6. Deployment cost: VDSL transmits signals over a copper twisted pair without layout new
lines or reconstructing the existing network.
7. Service compatibility: Compared with ADSL, VDSL supports both traditional voice
services and ISDN services. VDSL can use the same phone line with the existing phone
line and ISDN.
Both VDSL and ADSL can provide Internet browsing, email receiving and sending, file upload
and download, working at home, remote education, and remote shopping. VDSL meets
requirements of users for high-speed access, makes full use of existing twisted-pair telephone
lines, protects carrier investments, and solves the bottleneck of the last mile.
Interface Activation
Activation of a VDSL interface refers to the training between a DSLAM and a CPE. During the
training, the two devices check the line distance and status and negotiate parameters such as the
transmission standard, upstream and downstream line rates, and specified noise margin. If the
training succeeds, the VDSL interface on the CPE is activated and can transmit data.
After an AR1200 starts, its VDSL interface is automatically activated. The VDSL interface
remains activated as long as its VDSL line works properly. To set line parameters, deactivate
the VDSL interface on the CPE. After setting parameters, activate the interface to make
configurations take effect.
Working Mode
An AR1200 supports two working modes for VDSL interfaces:
l Asynchronous Transfer Mode (ATM): ATM cells are transmitted over VDSL lines.
l Packet Transfer Mode (PTM): Ethernet frames are transmitted over VDSL lines.
Ethernet frames do not need to be fragmented into ATM cells. 1483B/1483R encapsulation,
ATM Adaptation Layer 5 (AAL5) encapsulation, and ATM cell encapsulation are not
required, enabling Ethernet services to be transmitted more rapidly than in ATM mode.
An VDSL interface on the AR1200 must work in the same mode as the VDSL interface on the
DSLAM.
Transmission Standard
Parameters for an VDSL interface include the transmission standard, bit exchange status,
seamless rate adaptation status, and trellis coding status.
Transmission Standard
The AR1200 functions as a CPE and must be configured with the same transmission standard
as the DSLAM. It is recommended that you configure the AR1200 to automatically adapt to the
transmission standard of the DSLAM.
NOTE
The performance of an VDSL interface depends on external factors, such as DSLAM line card types, DSLAM
software version, line noise, line length, and temperature.
Bit Exchange
During line activation, every sub-channel calculates the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) and the
number of bits to be transmitted. After the line is activated, the SNR may change because the
external environment changes. For example, the SNRs of some sub-channels decrease, whereas
the SNRs of others increase. After a long period of time, the line may disconnect.
The bit exchange function addresses this issue in the following ways:
l Allows sub-channels with low SNRs switch some bits that they cannot transmit to sub-
channels with higher SNRs.
l Reduces the transmit power of sub-channels with higher SNRs to increase the sending rate
and SNRs of sub-channels with lower SNRs.
These measures reduce the bit error rate without triggering line negotiation.
To prevent the line disconnection when the external environment changes, the bit exchange
function adjusts bit distribution or the power among sub-channels without deactivating the line.
However, the bit exchange function cannot change the line rate. When the line environment
worse, the bit exchange function just allows the line to be activated at a smaller rate. When the
line environment becomes better, the bit exchange function cannot adjust the rate and therefore,
wasting line resources.
Seamless rate adaptation solves this problem by dynamically adjusting the line rate without
reactivating the line.
Trellis Coding
Trellis coding increases the SNR by using an algorithm with a high coding efficiency. After
trellis coding is enabled, the line activation rate is significantly increased.
Applicable Environment
The AR1200 supports two working modes for VDSL interfaces: ATM for transmitting ATM
cells and PTM for transmitting Ethernet frames. The AR1200 functions as a CPE. a VDSL
interface on the AR1200 must work in the same mode as the VDSL interface on the DSLAM.
Pre-configuration Tasks
Before setting the working mode for a VDSL interface on the AR1200, complete the following
tasks:
Procedure
Step 1 Run:
system-view
Step 2 Run:
set workmode slot slot-id vdsl { atm | ptm }
----End
Applicable Environment
Parameters for an VDSL interface include the transmission standard, bit exchange status,
seamless rate adaptation status, and trellis coding status. The AR1200 must be configured with
the same transmission standard as the DSLAM; otherwise, the VDSL interface on the
AR1200 cannot be activated. Bit exchange, seamless rate adaptation and trellis coding take effect
only when they are enabled on both the AR1200 and DSLAM.
Pre-configuration Tasks
Before setting parameters for an VDSL interface, complete the following task:
l Installing an VDSL interface card on the AR1200 and ensuring that it is registered
successfully
Data Preparation
To set parameters for an VDSL interface, you need the following data.
No. Data
Context
Deactivating an VDSL interface disconnecting it from the DSLAM. To enable the VDSL
interface to transmit services, reactivate this VDSL interface.
NOTE
Procedure
Step 1 Run:
system-view
Step 2 Run:
interface atm interface-number
Step 3 Run:
shutdown
----End
Prerequisites
The VDSL interface has been deactivated.
Context
Parameters for an VDSL interface include the transmission standard, bit exchange status,
seamless rate adaptation status, and trellis coding status.
Procedure
Step 1 Run:
system-view
NOTE
The AnnexM standard is enabled on the AR1200 by default. You can use the AnnexM standard to activate the
VDSL interface on the AR1200 only when the AnnexM standard is also enabled on the DSLAM.
Step 4 Run:
adsl bitswap { off | on }
----End
Context
Activation of an VDSL interface refers to the training between a DSLAM and a CPE. During
the training, the two devices check the line distance and status based on parameters such as the
transmission standard, upstream and downstream line rates, and specified noise margin to
determine whether they can work properly under the existing conditions. If the training succeeds,
the VDSL interface on the CPE is activated and can transmit services between the two devices.
After an AR1200 starts, its VDSL interface is automatically activated. The VDSL interface
remains activated as long as the VDSL line works properly. To enable a CPE to communicate
with a DSLAM, deactivate the VDSL interface on the CPE, set parameters such as the
transmission standard, interface binding mode, PSD mode, and line probing function for the
interface, and then reactivate this interface to make configurations take effect.
Procedure
Step 1 Run:
system-view
Step 2 Run:
interface atm interface-number
Step 3 Run:
undo shutdown
----End
Prerequisites
All the configurations of the ADSL interface are complete.
Procedure
l Run the display dsl interface atm interface-number command to check the information
about an VDSL interface.
l Run the display interface atm [ interface-number ] command to check the configuration
and status of an VDSL interface.
----End
Example
Run the display dsl interface atm interface-number command on the AR1200, you can check
the training status, transmission standard, line status, performance statistics, bit exchange status,
seamless rate adaptation status, trellis coding status, and board version of the ADSL interface.
<Huawei> display dsl interface atm 1/0/0
--------------------------------------------------------------
DSL driver and PHY status
Training Status : Showtime
Transmission Mode : VDSL2
Line Status : No Defect
Downstream max. attainable rate(Kbps): 132740
Upstream max. attainable rate(Kbps) : 44503
Downstream actual net data rate(Kbps): 51399
Upstream actual net data rate(Kbps) : 25708
Downstream SNR margin(dB) : 28.8
Upstream SNR margin(dB) : 27.0
Downstream attenuation(dB) : 0.0
Upstream attenuation(dB) : 0.0
Downstream output power(dBm) : 7.5
Upstream output power(dBm) : -4.8
Downstream total cells : 826623466
Upstream total cells : 413437274
Downstream data cells : 672651340
Upstream data cells : 246036145
Downstream bit errors : 0
Upstream bit errors : 0
Total drop cells : 0
Downstream total ES count : 0
Upstream total ES count : 0
Downstream total SES count : 0
Upstream total SES count : 0
Downstream total UAS count : 31
Upstream total UAS count : 31
Total AS count : 6820
Line modulations
G.Dmt : Enabled
T1.413 : Enabled
ADSL2 : Enabled
AnnexL : Enabled
ADSL2+ : Enabled
AnnexM : Enabled
Line capability
Bitswap : On
SRA : Off
Trellis coding : On
--------------------------------------------------------------
Run the display interface atm[ interface-number ] command on the AR1200. The status of and
performance statistics about the ADSL interface are displayed.
<Huawei> display interface atm 1/0/0
Atm1/0/0 current state : UP
Line protocol current state : UP
Last line protocol up time : 2012-03-14 13:49:37
Description:HUAWEI, AR Series, Atm1/0/0 Interface
Route Port,The Maximum Transmit Unit is 1500
Internet protocol processing : disabled
Applicable Environment
When an VDSL interface works in PTM mode, the VDSL line carries Ethernet packets.
Ethernet frames do not need to be fragmented into ATM cells. 1483B/1483R encapsulation,
ATM Adaptation Layer 5 (AAL5) encapsulation, and ATM cell encapsulation are not required,
enabling Ethernet services to be transmitted more rapidly than in ATM mode.
Pre-configuration Tasks
Before configuring an VDSL interface, complete the following tasks:
l Installing an VDSL interface card on the AR1200 and ensuring that it is registered
successfully
l Configuring the VDSL interface in PTM mode
Procedure
Step 1 Run:
system-view
Step 2 Run:
interface ethernet interface-number
Step 3 Run:
ip address ip-address [ mask | mask-length ] [ sub ]
----End
Networking Requirements
As shown in Figure 13-2, multiple hosts in Enterprise A connect to the Interface through an
enterprise gateway (Router).
Enterprise A requires a data access solution that is easy to deploy and provides high-speed
downstream transmission to meet requirements of data and video services. To meet these service
requirements, the carrier provides an VDSL line for Enterprise A so that the Router can connect
to the DSLAM by using an VDSL interface.
Router DSLAM
ATM1/0/0
Internet
Enterprise A
Configuration Roadmap
The configuration roadmap is as follows:
1. Deactivate an VDSL interface.
2. Set the same parameters on the Router as those of the DSLAM. Parameters for a VDSL
interface include the transmission standard, bit exchange status, seamless rate adaptation
status, and trellis coding status.
3. Activate the VDSL interface.
Data Preparation
To complete the configuration, you need the following data:
l VDSL working mode of the DSLAM: ATM
l Transmission standard of the DSLAM: auto
l Bit exchange status of the DSLAM: on
l Seamless rate adaptation status of the DSLAM: off
NOTE
In this section, the configuration of VDSL interfaces working in ATM mode is used as an example.
Procedure
Step 1 Set the working mode for VDSL interfaces on the Router to ATM.
<Huawei> system-view
[Huawei] sysname Router
[Router] set workmode slot 1 vdsl atm
Changing the working mode will reset the board in slot 1. Continue? [y/n]:y
INFO: Resetting board[1] succeeded.
NOTE
Step 3 Configure the transmission standard auto for the VDSL interface.
[Router-Atm1/0/0] adsl standard auto
Line modulations
G.Dmt : Enabled
T1.413 : Enabled
ADSL2 : Enabled
AnnexL : Enabled
ADSL2+ : Enabled
AnnexM : Enabled
Line capability
Bitswap : On
SRA : Off
Trellis coding : On
--------------------------------------------------------------
# Check the status of and performance statistics about the VDSL interface.
<Router> display interface atm 1/0/0
Atm1/0/0 current state : UP
Line protocol current state : UP
Last line protocol up time : 2012-03-14 13:49:37
Description:HUAWEI, AR Series, Atm1/0/0 Interface
Route Port,The Maximum Transmit Unit is 1500
Internet protocol processing : disabled
AAL enabled: AAL5, Maximum PVCs: 16
PVCs on main-interface: 0 (Total PVCs: 1)
Last physical up time : 2012-03-14 13:49:37
Last physical down time : 2012-03-14 13:49:09
Current system time: 2012-03-14 16:58:58
----End
Configuration Files
l Configuration file of the Router
#
sysname Router
#
interface Atm1/0/0
#
return
The G.Single-pair High Speed Digital Subscriber Line (G.SHDSL) technology transmits data
over low-cost twisted pairs.
14.1 G.SHDSL Overview
G.SHDSL is a data communications technology that enables faster data transmission over copper
twisted pairs. G.SHDSL employs frequencies that include those unused by traditional Plain Old
Telephone Service (POTS) to provide symmetric transmit and receive data rates.
14.2 G.SHDSL Features Supported by the AR1200
An AR1200 functions as a CPE. To enable the AR1200 to transmit services on a G.SHDSL line,
you must configure a working mode and set parameters for a G.SHDSL interface on the
AR1200.
14.3 Setting the Working Mode for a G.SHDSL Interface
The AR1200 can communicate with a DSLAM only when its G.SHDSL interfaces work in the
same mode as G.SHDSL interfaces on the DSLAM.
14.4 Setting Parameters for a G.SHDSL Interface
When the AR1200 connects to a DSLAM using a G.SHDSL interface, set parameters for the
G.SHDSL interface.
14.5 Configuration Examples
This section provides an example showing how to configure a G.SHDSL interface.
Background
Asymmetric Digital Subscriber Line (ADSL) is the most commonly used broadband access
technology. It provides asymmetric transmit and receive data rates over copper twisted pairs and
is useful for transmitting asymmetric services such as Internet access and Video on Demand
(VoD). However, ADSL cannot meet requirements of commercial broadband applications that
require bidirectional and symmetric traffic and are sensitive to performance fluctuation. The
G.SHDSL technology solves this problem.
G.SHDSL complies with ITU Recommendation G.991.2 and provides bidirectional data
transmission with symmetric data rates over twisted pairs. It reduces the transmission spectrum,
improves the anti-noise performance, and extends the maximum transmission distance to 6 km
by using 16-trellis coded pulse amplitude modulation (TCPAM).
G.SHDSL System
As shown in Figure 14-1, a G.SHDSL system consists of a Digital Subscriber Line Access
Multiplexer (DSLAM) and Customer Premises Equipment (CPE).
l A DSLAM is an aggregation device that terminates G.SHDSL packets on the central office.
l A CPE is a user-side device that modules and demodulates user data, and transmits user
data to a DSLAM.
NOTE
In the G.SHDSL system, downstream transmission refers to data transmission from a DSLAM
to a CPE, and upstream transmission refers to data transmission from a CPE to a DSLAM.
G.SHDSL interfaces on the AR1200 are upstream interfaces.
Advantages of G.SHDSL
G.SHDSL provides high-speed commercial broadband services and has the following
advantages:
WARNING
After installing the G.SHDSL cable, do not remove the G.SHDSL cable within 8 seconds.
Working Mode
An AR1200 supports two working modes for G.SHDSL interfaces:
l Asynchronous Transfer Mode (ATM): ATM cells are transmitted over G.SHDSL lines.
l Packet Transfer Mode (PTM): Ethernet frames are transmitted over G.SHDSL lines.
Ethernet frames do not need to be fragmented into ATM cells. 1483B/1483R encapsulation,
ATM Adaptation Layer 5 (AAL5) encapsulation, and ATM cell encapsulation are not
required, enabling Ethernet services to be transmitted more rapidly than in ATM mode.
A G.SHDSL interface on the AR1200 must work in the same mode as the G.SHDSL interface
on the DSLAM.
Parameters
You can set the following parameters for a G.SHDSL interface on the AR1200:
l Interface binding mode
When link bandwidth is insufficient, bind interfaces to increase the link bandwidth. The
AR1200 supports the following interface binding modes:
– Ethernet in the First Mile (EFM) binding: A maximum of four interfaces can be bound
together. The rate after interface binding equals the sum of rates of all the bound
interfaces. When one bound interface fails, traffic on this interface automatically
switches to other bound interfaces. Services are not interrupted as long as the overall
traffic rate is smaller than the interface bandwidth. The EFM binding mode applies to
G.SHDSL interfaces working in PTM mode.
– M-Pair binding: Two, three, or four G.SHDSL interfaces can be bound together to
provide twice, three times, or four times the rate of a single G.SHDSL interface. If one
bound interface fails, all services are interrupted. The M-Pair binding mode applies to
G.SHDSL interfaces working in ATM mode.
NOTE
A 4G.SHDSL board on the AR1200 has only one physical interface. This physical interface can be
virtualized into four G.SHDSL interfaces numbered from 0 to 3.
l Transmission standard
The AR1200 must be configured with the same transmission standard as the DSLAM. The
AR1200 supports the following transmission standards:
– G.991.2 Annex A: a North American standard useful for G.SHDSL over Plain Old
Telephone Service (POTS) and compatible with POTS services.
– G.991.2 Annex B: a European standard useful for G.SHDSL over Integrated Services
Digital Network (ISDN) and compatible with ISDN services.
l Power spectral density (PSD) mode
The AR1200 must be configured with the same PSD mode as the DSLAM. The AR1200
supports the following PSD modes:
– Symmetric PSD: The AR1200 is spectral-compatible with other services, uses less
power, and is suitable for short-distance transmission.
– Asymmetric PSD: The AR1200 uses high output power for better transmission
performance and is suitable for long-distance transmission.
l Line probing function
If the line probing function is enabled on a G.SHDSL interface, the G.SHDSL interface
will be activated at the optimal line rate.
Interface Activation
Activation of a G.SHDSL interface refers to the training between a DSLAM and a CPE. During
the training, the two devices check the line distance and status and negotiate parameters such as
the transmission standard, upstream and downstream line rates, and specified noise margin. If
the training succeeds, the G.SHDSL interface on the CPE is activated and can transmit data.
After an AR1200 starts, its G.SHDSL interface is automatically activated. The G.SHDSL
interface remains activated as long as its G.SHDSL line works properly. To set line parameters,
deactivate the G.SHDSL interface on the CPE. After setting parameters, activate the interface
to make configurations take effect.
Applicable Environment
The AR1200 supports two working modes for G.SHDSL interfaces: ATM for transmitting ATM
cells and PTM for transmitting Ethernet frames. The AR1200 functions as a CPE. a G.SHDSL
interface on the AR1200 must work in the same mode as the G.SHDSL interface on the DSLAM.
Pre-configuration Tasks
Before setting the working mode for a G.SHDSL interface on the AR1200, complete the
following tasks:
Procedure
Step 1 Run:
system-view
Step 2 Run:
set workmode slot slot-id shdsl { atm | ptm }
NOTE
A 4G.SHDSL board on the AR1200 has only one physical interface. This physical interface can be
virtualized into four G.SHDSL interfaces numbered from 0 to 3. After the working mode is set for the
physical interface, the four virtual G.SHDSL interfaces all work in the configured mode.
----End
Applicable Environment
Parameters for a G.SHDSL interface include the interface binding mode, transmission standard,
PSD mode, and line probing function. The G.SHDSL interface must be configured with the same
parameters as the G.SHDSL interface on the DSLAM except the line probing function.
Pre-configuration Tasks
Before setting parameters for a G.SHDSL interface, complete the following tasks:
l Powering on and starting the AR1200
l Obtaining the working mode of the G.SHDSL interface on the DSLAM
Data preparation
To set parameters for a G.SHDSL interface, you need the following data.
No. Data
Context
Deactivating a G.SHDSL interface disconnecting it from the DSLAM. To enable the G.SHDSL
interface to transmit services, reactivate this G.SHDSL interface.
NOTE
Procedure
Step 1 Run:
system-view
Step 3 Run:
shutdown
----End
Prerequisites
The G.SHDSL interface has been deactivated.
Context
A 4G.SHDSL board on the AR1200 has only one physical interface. This physical interface can
be virtualized into four G.SHDSL interfaces numbered from 0 to 3.
The AR1200 must be configured with the same interface binding mode as the DSLAM. For
example, if the DSLAM is configured with binding between interfaces 1 and 2, the AR1200
must also be configured with binding between interfaces 1 and 2. When binding interfaces, the
following requirements apply:
l Only contiguous interfaces on the same 4G.SHDSL board can be bound together. The
number of the first interface to be bound must be 0 or 2. The first bound interface is the
main interface, and the remaining bound interfaces are slave interfaces.
l Before binding, interfaces must be deactivated and not configured with any service.
Procedure
Step 1 Run:
system-view
Step 3 Run:
shdsl bind { efm | m-pair } link_number
NOTE
l If the working mode is set to ATM, the interface binding mode must be set to M-Pair binding. After
G.SHDSL interfaces are bound together, the transmission standard, PSD mode, and line probing status
of these interfaces are restored to the default settings. To activate all the bound interfaces or set
parameters for these interfaces, activate the main interface or set parameters for the main interface.
Other bound interfaces inherit the configurations from the main interface. For example, if the main
interface is activated, other interfaces in the same binding group are also activated. When one bound
interface fails, all services are interrupted.
l If the working mode is set to PTM, the interface binding mode must be set to EFM binding. After
G.SHDSL interfaces are bound successfully, you can set different parameters for these interfaces. For
example, you can set different transmission standards for interfaces in the same binding group. When
one bound interface fails, traffic on this interface automatically switches to other bound interfaces.
Services are not interrupted if the traffic rate is smaller than the actual interface bandwidth.
----End
Prerequisites
The G.SHDSL interface has been deactivated.
Context
The AR1200 supports the following transmission standards:
l G.991.2 Annex A: a North American standard useful for G.SHDSL over Plain Old
Telephone Service (POTS) and compatible with POTS services.
l G.991.2 Annex B: a European standard useful for G.SHDSL over Integrated Services
Digital Network (ISDN) and compatible with ISDN services.
A G.SHDSL interface must use the same transmission standard as the remote G.SHDSL interface
on the DSLAM.
Procedure
Step 1 Run:
system-view
Step 2 Run either of the following commands to enter the G.SHDSL interface view.
l If the working mode is set to ATM, run:
interface atm interface-number
Step 3 Run:
shdsl annex { a | all | b }
By default, a G.SHDSL interface supports both G.991.2 Annex A and G.991.2 Annex B and
can adapt to the transmission standard used by the remote G.SHDSL interface on the DSLAM.
----End
Prerequisites
The G.SHDSL interface has been deactivated.
Context
A G.SHDSL interface supports the following PSD modes:
l Symmetric PSD: The G.SHDSL interface is spectral-compatible with other services, uses
less power, and is suitable for short-distance transmission.
l Asymmetric PSD: The G.SHDSL interface uses a high output power for better transmission
performance and is suitable for long-distance transmission.
Procedure
Step 1 Run:
system-view
Step 2 Run either of the following commands to enter the G.SHDSL interface view.
l If the working mode is set to ATM, run:
interface atm interface-number
Step 3 Run:
shdsl psd { asymmetry | symmetry }
----End
Prerequisites
The G.SHDSL interface has been deactivated.
Context
To enable the AR1200 to connect to the peer device, configure the capability for the G.SHDSL
interface card based on the chip type of the peer device. When the peer device uses the g-shdsl
mode, you must configure the g-shdsl mode on the AR1200.
Procedure
l Configure the g-shdsl.bis mode.
1. Run:
system-view
A capability is configured.
By default, an G.SHDSL interface uses the auto mode.
4. Run:
shdsl pam { 16 | 32 | auto }
The shdsl bind m-pair 2 pairs command can only be configured on an interface in slot 0 or slot 2.
6. Run:
shdsl rate miaximum miaximum
When the g-shdsl mode is configured, strictly perform the following operations. Otherwise, the g-shdsl
mode will switch to the g-shdsl.bis mode.
1. Run:
system-view
2. Run:
interface atm interface-number
A capability is configured.
4. Run:
shdsl pam 16
The shdsl bind m-pair 2 pairs command can only be configured on an interface in slot 0 or slot 2.
6. Run:
shdsl rate miaximum miaximum
----End
Prerequisites
The G.SHDSL interface has been deactivated.
Context
The AR1200 supports the following SNR settings:
l Uplink and downlink SNRs: When the actual SNR of the AR1200 is greater than the
configured SNR, the AR1200 is activated successfully.
l Lowest uplink and downlink SNRs: When the actual lowest SNR of the AR1200 is smaller
than the configured lowest SNR, the AR1200 is disconnected.
Procedure
l Set the uplink and downlink SNRs on a G.SHDSL interface.
1. Run:
system-view
Prerequisites
The G.SHDSL interface has been deactivated.
Context
If the remote DSLAM is configured with the maximum and minimum G.SHDSL line rates, the
local G.SHDSL interface must be activated at a rate within the specified range. Enable the line
probing function on the G.SHDSL interface so that the interface can automatically select an
appropriate rate that is within the specified range.
If the remote DSLAM is configured with a fixed G.SHDSL line rate, the local G.SHDSL
interface must be activated at the fixed G.SHDSL line rate. By disabling the line probing function
on the G.SHDSL interface, enable the G.SHDSL interface to be activated at the fixed G.SHDSL
line rate.
Procedure
Step 1 Run:
system-view
Step 3 Run:
shdsl line-probing enable
----End
Context
Activation of a G.SHDSL interface refers to the training between a DSLAM and a CPE. During
the training, the two devices check the line distance and status based on parameters such as the
transmission standard, upstream and downstream line rates, and specified noise margin to
determine whether they can work properly under the existing conditions. If the training succeeds,
the G.SHDSL interface on the CPE is activated and can transmit services between the two
devices.
After an AR1200 starts, its G.SHDSL interface is automatically activated. The G.SHDSL
interface remains activated as long as the G.SHDSL line works properly. To enable a CPE to
communicate with a DSLAM, deactivate the G.SHDSL interface on the CPE, set parameters
such as the transmission standard, interface binding mode, PSD mode, and line probing function
for the interface, and then reactivate this interface to make configurations take effect.
Procedure
Step 1 Run:
system-view
Step 3 Run:
undo shutdown
NOTE
l To activate G.SHDSL interfaces bound in M-Pair mode, you only need to activate the main interface
because slave interfaces will be activated together with the main interface.
l To activate G.SHDSL interfaces bound in EFM mode, activate the main and slave interfaces in
sequence.
----End
Prerequisites
All the configurations of the G.SHDSL interface are complete.
Procedure
Step 1 Run the display dsl interface { atm | ethernet } interface-number command to check
information about the G.SHDSL interface.
NOTE
You can select the G.SHDSL interface to view according to the interface working mode (ATM or PTM).
The fields displayed in the command output are the same for G.SHDSL interfaces working in ATM or
PTM mode.
----End
Example
Run the display dsl interface { atm | ethernet } interface-number command. The command
output shows the status, parameters, vendor information, and traffic statistics of the specified
G.SHDSL interface.
<Huawei> display dsl interface atm 1/0/0
-------------------------------------------------------------------
Port admin status :Active
Port running status :Activated
Port bind status :MPair-2
Bind group master port :0
Port transmission mode :G.991.2 Annex B
Port power spectral density :Asymmetric
Port line probe :Disable
Line Status of SHDSL port 0
Current line rate(unit:kbps) :5704
Current transmission mode :G.991.2 Annex B
Actual attainable payload line rate(unit:kbps) :5696
Current modulation mode :TCPAM-32
Current PBO downstream(unit:dB) :6.0
Current PBO upstream(unit:dB) :0.0
Current loop attenuation downstream(unit:dB) :0
Current loop attenuation upstream(unit:dB) :0
Current SNR margin downstream(unit:dB) :19
Networking Requirements
As shown in Figure 14-2, Enterprise A requires a data access solution that is easy to deploy and
provides high-speed upstream and downstream transmission for security, VPN, and video
conference services. To meet these service requirements, the carrier provides a G.SHDSL line
for Enterprise A. The enterprise gateway (Router) must connect to the DSLAM by using
G.SHDSL interfaces.
When Enterprise A requires a higher bandwidth for data transmission, the carrier can bind
multiple G.SHDSL interfaces to increase the bandwidth.
Router DSLAM
ATM1/0/0 ATM1/0/0
ATM1/0/1 ATM1/0/1
M-Pair Internet
ATM1/0/2 ATM1/0/2
EnterpriseA
Configuration Roadmap
The configuration roadmap is as follows:
1. Configure the same working mode as G.SHDSL interfaces on the DSLAM for G.SHDSL
interfaces on the Router.
Data preparation
To complete the configuration, you need the following data:
l Working mode of G.SHDSL interfaces on the DSLAM: ATM
l Interface binding mode of G.SHDSL interfaces on the DSLAM: M-Pair binding with three
G.SHDSL interfaces bound together
l Transmission standard of G.SHDSL interfaces on the DSLAM: G.991.2 Annex B
l PSD mode of G.SHDSL interfaces on the DSLAM: symmetric PSD
l Slot ID of the 4G.SHDSL board where G.SHDSL interfaces are located: 1
NOTE
In this section, the configuration of G.SHDSL interfaces working in ATM mode is used as an example.
The configuration of G.SHDSL interfaces working in PTM mode is similar except for the working mode
and interface binding mode.
Procedure
Step 1 Set the working mode for G.SHDSL interfaces on the Router to ATM.
<Huawei> system-view
[Huawei] sysname Router
[Router] set workmode slot 1 shdsl atm
Changing the working mode will reset the board in slot 1. Continue? [y/n]:y
INFO: Resetting board[1] succeeded.
NOTE
----End
Configuration Files
l Configuration file of the Router
#
sysname Router
#
interface Atm1/0/0
shdsl bind m-pair
3
shdsl annex
b
#
return
Passive optical network (PON) interfaces are classified into Ethernet PON (EPON) interfaces
and gigabit PON (GPON) interfaces. This chapter describes how to configure PON interfaces
to send service packets to upstream devices.
15.1 PON Overview
The passive optical network (PON) technology is a new point-to-multipoint optical access
technology. A PON network uses only optical fibers to transmit data, voice, and video services.
15.2 PON Features Supported by the AR1200
The AR1200 supports the following PON features: EPON/GPON auto-sensing and optical
network unit (ONU) authentication.
15.3 Configuring Attributes of an EPON Interface
To enable the AR1200 to communicate with an upstream optical line terminal (OLT), you must
correctly configure attributes of the EPON interface connected to the OLT.
15.4 Configuring Attributes of a GPON Interface
To enable the AR1200 to communicate with an upstream optical line terminal (OLT), you must
correctly configure attributes of the GPON interface connected to the OLT.
15.5 Maintaining PON Interfaces
This section describes how to clear traffic statistics on a passive optical network (PON) interface.
Background
Internet services are developing quickly, and users require not only the common data service
but also the bandwidth-thirsty services such as video and voice services. Carriers' interests have
changed from electrical transmission to optical transmission. PON is the latest point-to-
multipoint optical access technology. A PON network consists of only passive optical
components. This technology has the following advantages:
l Prevents electromagnetic interference and lightning damages generated by active electronic
components.
l Reduces failure rate of lines and devices.
l Simplifies power supply configuration and network topology.
l Improves system reliability.
l Saves maintenance costs.
Theoretically, a PON network can transmit signals of any format at any rate.
NOTE
PON
ONU
OLT
POS
ONU
Internet
ONU POS
ONU
l The optical wavelength is 1310 nm. l The optical wavelength is 1490 nm.
l Each ONU sends data to the OLT within l Data sent from the OLT is forwarded to
the allowed time range. each ONU by the POS.
l Collision detection is not required. l Each ONU accepts only its own data and
l GPON supports packet fragmentation, discards data of other ONUs.
while EPON does not.
The Ethernet in the First Mile (EFM) task force, founded in November 2000, brought forward
the EPON concept and described it in IEEE 802.3ah. EPON integrates the Ethernet and PON
technologies and provides 1.25 Gbit/s symmetric transmission rate on upstream and downstream
links. An EPON network is a point-to-multipoint gigabit optical access system. The EPON
technology complies with IEEE Ethernet standards and is a good choice for migration to the all-
IP network.
ITU and FSAN developed and standardized the GPON technology. This technology uses the
Generic Framing Procedure (GFP) defined by ITU-T to encapsulate Ethernet, time division
multiplexing (TDM), and Asynchronous Transfer Mode (ATM) packets at Layer 2. The
downstream transmission rate can be 1.25 Gbit/s or 2.5 Gbit/s; the upstream transmission rate
can be 155 Mbit/s, 622 Mbit/s, 1.25 Gbit/s, or 2.5 Gbit/s. The GPON technology provides a
higher transmission rate and supports more services than the EPON technology, but it is more
complicated and expensive and is not as mature as the EPON technology.
PON is becoming the mainstream bearer technology for the next generation access network
because of its advantages of long transmission distance, high QoS guarantee, and high
bandwidth.
Maximum
transmission 10 km or 20 km 20 km
distance
Encapsulation
High Higher
efficiency
Technical
Good Medium
standardization
EPON/GPON Auto-Sensing
PON interfaces on the AR1200 can work in EPON or GPON mode automatically according to
the received optical signals. This feature allows a PON interface to work in the same mode as
the remote PON interface on the optical line terminal (OLT) so that the AR1200 can
communicate with the OLT.
ONU Authentication
An OLT authenticates validity and identity of each ONU to prevent unauthorized ONUs.
Authentication parameters defined on the OLT must be configured on ONUs before the
authentication. Authentication is initiated by the OLT. The OLT checks the authentication
parameters sent by an ONU and accepts or rejects the access request of the ONU according to
the authentication result. The authentication modes used in an EPON system and a GPON system
are different.
The three authentication modes can be used separately or jointly. Table 15-3 compares the
authentication modes.
Logical You do not need to When two ONUs use the It is applicable to
identifier configure new logical same logical identifier, networks requiring
authenticat identifiers when users the OLT allows the one flexible access.
ion change their physical that passes the
locations. The OLT can authentication earlier to
be configured to check go online. Therefore, if
only the LOID or check an unauthorized ONU
both the LOID and has gone online by using
check code, the logical identifier of
implementing flexible an authorized ONU, the
access. authorized ONU cannot
go online.
SN This mode does not When an ONU fails and It is applicable to all
authenticat require any manual needs to be replaced by scenarios because the
ion configuration and has a a new one, the SN of the AR1200 supports this
high reliability. new ONU must be mode by default.
added to the OLT, so this
mode is not flexible.
Applicable Environment
To ensure service transmission on an EPON interface, you must configure the following
attributes of the EPON interface:
l Working mode: When the AR1200 is connected to an EPON interface of an OLT, configure
the AR1200 to automatically determine the working mode according to the received optical
signal, or configure the PON interface connected to the OLT to work in EPON mode.
l Authentication parameters: The OLT needs to authenticate validity and identity of each
optical network unit (ONU) to prevent access from unauthorized ONUs.
An EPON system supports MAC address authentication, logical identifier (LOID)
authentication, and password authentication.
l Alarm thresholds of the optical module: The optical module may fail to receive optical
signals when the bias current, receiving optical power, transmitting optical power, voltage,
or temperature is too high or too low. When this occurs, the AR1200 is forced offline and
services on the AR1200 are interrupted. By setting the alarm thresholds of these parameters,
you can monitor the status of the AR1200 on the NMS. When a parameter value exceeds
the alarm threshold, the AR1200 sends a trap to the NMS so that you can take measures
immediately.
Pre-configuration Tasks
None.
Data Preparation
To configure attributes of an EPON interface, you need the following data.
No. Data
Context
Working mode: When the AR1200 is connected to an EPON interface of an OLT, configure the
AR1200 to automatically determine the working mode according to the received optical signal,
or configure the PON interface connected to the OLT to work in EPON mode.
CAUTION
You are advised to configure a PON interface to work in auto-negotiation mode. To trigger
another negotiation after a successful negotiation, reset the PON board. For example, if a PON
interface of the AR1200 has automatically negotiated to work in EPON mode, you need to reset
the PON board so that this interface can automatically negotiate to work in GPON mode when
this interface connects to an OLT's PON interface that works in GPON mode.
Procedure
Step 1 Run:
system-view
Step 2 Run:
interface pon interface-number
Step 3 Run:
port mode epon
By default, a PON interface automatically determines the working mode according to the
received optical signal.
CAUTION
If a PON interface is transmitting service data, changing the working mode will interrupt services
on the PON interface. Perform this operation with caution.
----End
Context
An OLT authenticates validity and identity of each optical network unit (ONU) to prevent access
from unauthorized ONUs. An EPON system supports the following ONU authentication modes:
Procedure
l Configure physical identifier authentication (MAC address authentication).
1. Run:
system-view
CAUTION
The MAC address cannot be changed after the ONU is authenticated.
You can configure the OLT to check only the LOID, or check both the LOID and check code. When
step 3 and step 4 are configured, the AR1200 will check both the LOID and check code.
l Configure password authentication.
1. Run:
system-view
Password authentication is a Huawei proprietary authentication mode. When this mode is used, the
OLT must be a Huawei device.
----End
Procedure
Step 1 Run:
system-view
The laser working mode of the PON interface optical module is configured.
The default laser working mode is auto.
NOTE
l When auto is specified, the optical module generates optical signals when data needs to be transmitted
and stops generating optical signals when no data needs to be transmitted.
l When off is specified, the optical module does not generate optical signals.
l When on is specified, the optical module continuously generates optical signals. This mode is used to
measure the optical power of an optical module.
The value of time-value ranges from 1 to 60, in seconds. The default value is 20.
Step 4 Run:
optical-module threshold bias { lower-limit | upper-limit }*
The lower alarm threshold and upper alarm threshold of the bias current are set for the optical
module.
The value of lower-limit ranges from 0 mA to 10000 mA. The recommended value is 2.
The value of upper-limit ranges from 0 mA to 10000 mA. The recommended value is 70.
Step 5 Run:
optical-module threshold rx-power { lower-limit | upper-limit }*
The lower alarm threshold and upper alarm threshold of the receiving optical power are set for
the optical module.
The value of lower-limit ranges from -99.00 dBm to 100.00 dBm. The recommended value is
-35.00.
The value of upper-limit ranges from -99.00 dBm to 100.00 dBm. The recommended value is
1.00.
Step 6 Run:
optical-module threshold tx-power { lower-limit | upper-limit }*
The lower alarm threshold and upper alarm threshold of the transmitting optical power are set
for the optical module.
The value of lower-limit ranges from -99.00 dBm to 100.00 dBm. The recommended value is
-1.00.
The value of upper-limit ranges from -99.00 dBm to 100.00 dBm. The recommended value is
7.00.
Step 7 Run:
optical-module threshold temperature { lower-limit | upper-limit }*
The lower alarm threshold and upper alarm threshold of the temperature are set for the optical
module.
The value of lower-limit ranges from -99.00°C to 300.00°C. The recommended value is -10.
The value of upper-limit ranges from -99.00°C to 300.00°C. The recommended value is 100.
Step 8 Run:
optical-module threshold voltage { lower-limit | upper-limit }*
The lower alarm threshold and upper alarm threshold of the voltage are set for the optical module.
The value of lower-limit ranges from 0 V to 100.00 V. The recommended value is 2.97.
The value of upper-limit ranges from 0 V to 100.00 V. The recommended value is 3.63.
----End
Follow-up Procedure
To remove all alarm thresholds that are configured step 4 through step 8, run the undo optical-
module threshold command.
Prerequisites
The configurations of EPON interface attributes have been completed.
Procedure
Step 1 Run the display epon-info interface pon interface-number command to view information about
an EPON interface.
Step 2 Run the display pon-transceiver interface pon interface-number command to view
information about the optical module on an EPON interface.
Step 3 Run the display pon-statistic interface pon interface-number command to view traffic statistics
on an EPON interface.
----End
Example
Run the display epon-info interface pon command to view attributes of an EPON interface,
including the laser working mode, signal status, logical link identifier (LLID), encryption status
(enabled or disabled), encryption mode, loopback mode, and MAC address, password, or logical
identifier and check code used for authentication.
<Huawei> display epon-info interface pon 1/0/0
-----------------------------------------------------------------
Mac-address : 00E1-6600-0000
Password : %$%$#%5:$.8+5']"e(K)2I!3%cZQ%$%$
Loid : hwloid
Check code : eponcode
Laser state : Auto
Signal state : Up
Loopback state : No loopback
Encryption state : Off
Encryption mode : Triple Churning
Rogue ONT state : No
Port role : Protect
Active state : Standby
-----------------------------------------------------------------
----------------------------------------------------
LLID Register State
----------------------------------------------------
- UnRegistered
----------------------------------------------------
Run the display pon-transceiver interface pon command to view attribute of the optical module
on an EPON interface, including the optical wavelength, transmission distance, and operating
parameters.
<Huawei> display pon-transceiver interface pon 1/0/0
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
Optical Module status : Online
Wave Length(nm) : 1310
Identifier : SFP
Ext.Identifier : GBIC/SFP function is defined by serial ID only
Connector : SC
Encoding : NRZ
BR,Nominal(100Mbps) : 13
Length(9um)(km) : 20.0
Length(50um) : Not support
Length(62.5um) : Not support
Length(Copper) : Not support
Cc_base : 0x1a
CC_EXT : 0xf3
BR,max : Unspecified
BR,min : Unspecified
SFF-8472 Compliance : Invalid
Options : TX_DISABLE,and disables the serial output
: TX_FAULT
: LOS(signal inverted from standard definition)
Vendor Rev : Unspecified
Vendor PN : HPSP2120
Vendor SN : 030KMF1107501261
Vendor OUI : 000000
Manufactured : 10-07-08
Vendor name : HUAWEI
RX power(dBm) : -11.82
TX power(dBm) : 2.49
Temperature(C) : 53.87
TX Bias current(mA) : 10.54
Supply Voltage(V) : 3.25
RX power Alarm Threshold(dBm) : [-,-]
TX power Alarm Threshold(dBm) : [-,-]
Temperature Alarm Threshold(C): [-,-]
TX Bias Alarm Threshold(mA) : [-,-]
Voltage Alarm Threshold(V) : [-,-]
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
Run the display pon-statistic interface pon command to view traffic statistics on an EPON
interface, including the number of frames received, number of bytes received, number of
upstream/downstream Ethernet frames, and real-time traffic rate.
<Huawei> display pon-statistic interface pon 1/0/0
-----------------------------------------------------------------
Received frames : 0
Received bytes : 0
Received unicast frames : 0
Received multicast frames : 0
Received broadcast frames : 0
Received 64-byte frames : 0
Received 65~127-byte frames : 0
Received 128~255-byte frames : 0
Received 256~511-byte frames : 0
Received 512~1023-byte frames : 0
Received 1024~1518-byte frames : 0
Received over 1518-byte frames : 0
Received undersize frames : 0
Received oversize frames : 0
Received CRC error frames : 0
Received discarded frames : 0
Sent frames : 0
Sent bytes : 0
Sent unicast frames : 0
Sent multicast frames : 0
Sent broadcast frames : 0
Sent 64-byte frames : 0
Sent 65~127-byte frames : 0
Sent 128~255-byte frames : 0
Sent 256~511-byte frames : 0
Sent 512~1023-byte frames : 0
Sent 1024~1518-byte frames : 0
Sent over 1518-byte frames : 0
PON Rx FEC error frames : 0
PON Rx HEC error frames : 0
PON PQ drop frames : 0
UNI Tx frames : 0
UNI Rx frames : 0
UNI Rx FEC error frames : 0
UNI PQ drop frames : 0
PON Tx MPCP frames : 0
PON Rx MPCP frames : 0
PON Tx OAM frames : 0
PON Rx OAM frames : 0
Applicable Environment
To ensure service transmission on a GPON interface, you must configure the following attributes
of the GPON interface:
l Working mode: When the AR1200 is connected to a GPON interface of an OLT, configure
the AR1200 to automatically determine the working mode according to the received optical
signal, or configure the PON interface connected to the OLT to work in GPON mode.
l Authentication parameters: The OLT needs to authenticate validity and identity of each
optical network unit (ONU) to prevent access from unauthorized ONUs.
A GPON system supports serial number (SN) authentication and password authentication.
l Alarm thresholds of the optical module: The optical module may fail to receive optical
signals when the bias current, receiving optical power, transmitting optical power, voltage,
or temperature is too high or too low. When this occurs, the AR1200 is forced offline and
services on the AR1200 are interrupted. By setting the alarm thresholds of these parameters,
you can monitor the status of the AR1200 on the NMS. When a parameter value exceeds
the alarm threshold, the AR1200 sends a trap to the NMS so that you can take measures
immediately.
Pre-configuration Tasks
None.
Data Preparation
To configure attributes of a GPON interface, you need the following data.
No. Data
Context
Working mode: When the AR1200 is connected to a GPON interface of an OLT, configure the
AR1200 to automatically determine the working mode according to the received optical signal,
or configure the PON interface connected to the OLT to work in GPON mode.
CAUTION
You are advised to configure a PON interface to work in auto-negotiation mode. To trigger
another negotiation after a successful negotiation, reset the PON board. For example, if a PON
interface of the AR1200 has automatically negotiated to work in EPON mode, you need to reset
the PON board so that this interface can automatically negotiate to work in GPON mode when
this interface connects to an OLT's PON interface that works in GPON mode.
Procedure
Step 1 Run:
system-view
Step 2 Run:
interface pon interface-number
Step 3 Run:
port mode gpon
CAUTION
If a PON interface is transmitting service data, changing the working mode will interrupt services
on the PON interface. Perform this operation with caution.
----End
Context
An OLT needs to authenticate validity and identity of each ONU to prevent access from
unauthorized ONUs. A GPON system supports the following ONU authentication modes:
l Serial number (SN) authentication: The OLT authenticates an ONU by checking the SN of
the ONU. The SN of each ONU is a globally unique string of 13 characters. The first four
characters represent the manufacturer. The SN of a Huawei ONU starts with hwhw.
l Password authentication: The OLT authenticates an ONU by checking whether the
password sent by the ONU is the same as that configured locally.
The AR1200 supports the SN authentication mode by default.
A GPON system supports the following ONU authentication modes: only by serial number (SN),
only by password, or by SN and password. When a GPON system authenticates the ONU by
checking the password or checking SN and password, you must run the gpon-password
command to configure a password for the GPON.
NOTE
All the authentication parameters are pre-configured on the OLT and cannot be modified on the ONU. If
the authentication parameters are not pre-configured, the ONU cannot be authenticated.
Procedure
Step 1 Run:
system-view
NOTE
All the authentication parameters are pre-configured on the OLT and cannot be modified on the ONU.
Otherwise, the ONU cannot pass the authentication.
Step 3 Run:
gpon-password cipher password
The password is displayed in cipher text when the configuration file is viewed.
----End
Procedure
Step 1 Run:
system-view
Step 2 Run:
interface pon interface-number
Step 3 Run:
laser { auto | off | on [ time-value ] }
The laser working mode of the PON interface optical module is configured.
NOTE
l When auto is specified, the optical module generates optical signals when data needs to be transmitted
and stops generating optical signals when no data needs to be transmitted.
l When off is specified, the optical module does not generate optical signals.
l When on is specified, the optical module continuously generates optical signals. This mode is used to
measure the optical power of an optical module.
The value of time-value ranges from 1 to 60, in seconds. The default value is 20.
Step 4 Run:
optical-module threshold bias { lower-limit | upper-limit }*
The lower alarm threshold and upper alarm threshold of the bias current are set for the optical
module.
The value of lower-limit ranges from 0 mA to 10000 mA. The recommended value is 2.
The value of upper-limit ranges from 0 mA to 10000 mA. The recommended value is 70.
Step 5 Run:
optical-module threshold rx-power { lower-limit | upper-limit }*
The lower alarm threshold and upper alarm threshold of the receiving optical power are set for
the optical module.
The value of lower-limit ranges from -99.00 dBm to 100.00 dBm. The recommended value is
-35.00.
The value of upper-limit ranges from -99.00 dBm to 100.00 dBm. The recommended value is
1.00.
Step 6 Run:
optical-module threshold tx-power { lower-limit | upper-limit }*
The lower alarm threshold and upper alarm threshold of the transmitting optical power are set
for the optical module.
The value of lower-limit ranges from -99.00 dBm to 100.00 dBm. The recommended value is
-1.00.
The value of upper-limit ranges from -99.00 dBm to 100.00 dBm. The recommended value is
7.00.
Step 7 Run:
optical-module threshold temperature { lower-limit | upper-limit }*
The lower alarm threshold and upper alarm threshold of the temperature are set for the optical
module.
The value of lower-limit ranges from -99.00°C to 300.00°C. The recommended value is -10.
The value of upper-limit ranges from -99.00°C to 300.00°C. The recommended value is 100.
Step 8 Run:
optical-module threshold voltage { lower-limit | upper-limit }*
The lower alarm threshold and upper alarm threshold of the voltage are set for the optical module.
The value of lower-limit ranges from 0 V to 100.00 V. The recommended value is 2.97.
The value of upper-limit ranges from 0 V to 100.00 V. The recommended value is 3.63.
----End
Follow-up Procedure
To remove all alarm thresholds that are configured step 4 through step 8, run the undo optical-
module threshold command.
Prerequisites
The configurations of GPON interface attributes have been completed.
Procedure
Step 1 Run the display gpon-info interface pon interface-number command to view information about
a GPON interface.
Step 2 Run the display pon-transceiver interface pon interface-number command to view
information about the optical module on a GPON interface.
Step 3 Run the display pon-statistic interface pon interface-number command to view traffic statistics
on a GPON interface.
----End
Example
Run the display gpon-info interface pon command to view the attribute of a GPON interface,
including the optical network unit (ONU) ID, serial number (SN), password, link status,
registration status, Physical Layer Operations, Administration and Maintenance (PLOAM)
status, port role, and active/standby status.
<Huawei> display gpon-info interface pon 1/0/0
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
------------
ONU-ID : 1
SN : 6877687700111747 (hwhw-00111747)
Password : %$%$#%5:$.8+5']"e(K)2I!3%cZQ%$%$
Link state : Up
Register state : Registered
Ploam state : Operation-State
Laser switch : Auto
OMCI PortID : 1
Rogue ONT state : No
Port role : Work
Active state : Active
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
--------
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
TCONT-INDEX AllocID GEM-PortID Car-Index Encrypt
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
0 0 - - -
1 256 - - -
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Run the display pon-transceiver interface pon command to view attribute of the optical module
on a GPON interface, including the optical wavelength, transmission distance, and operating
parameters.
<Huawei> display pon-transceiver interface pon 1/0/0
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
Optical Module status : Online
Wave Length(nm) : 1310
Identifier : SFP
Ext.Identifier : GBIC/SFP function is defined by serial ID only
Connector : SC
Encoding : NRZ
BR,Nominal(100Mbps) : 13
Length(9um)(km) : 20.0
Length(50um) : Not support
Length(62.5um) : Not support
Length(Copper) : Not support
Cc_base : 0x1a
CC_EXT : 0xf3
BR,max : Unspecified
BR,min : Unspecified
Run the display pon-statistic interface pon command to view traffic statistics on a GPON
interface, including number of upstream/downstream OMCI cells and number of upstream/
downstream Ethernet frames.
<Huawei> display pon-statistic interface pon 1/0/0
-----------------------------------------------------------------
Up OMCI cells statistics : 0
Down OMCI cells statistics : 0
Up Ethernet frames statistics : 224
Down Ethernet frames statistics : 134
Up PLOAM messages statistics : 0
Down PLOAM messages statistics : 12
-----------------------------------------------------------------
Procedure
l Run the reset pon-statistic interface pon interface-number command in the user view or
system view to clear traffic statistics on a PON interface.
----End
The information provided here on interface types, configuration procedures, and configuration
examples can help you make full use of logical interfaces.
NOTE
l For the configurations of Eth-Trunk interfaces and VLANIF interfaces, see the Huawei AR1200 Series
Enterprise Routers Configuration Guide - LAN.
l For the configurations of MP group interfaces, MFR interfaces, and dialer interfaces, see the Huawei AR1200
Series Enterprise Routers Configuration Guide - WAN.
l For the configuration of the tunnel interface, see the Huawei AR1200 Series Enterprise Routers
Configuration Guide - VPN.
l For the configurations of WLAN-BSS interfaces and WLAN-Radio interfaces, see the Huawei AR1200
Series Enterprise Routers Configuration Guide - WLAN.
Applicable Environment
On the AR1200, sub-interfaces can be configured on Layer 3 Ethernet interfaces.
NOTE
Pre-configuration Tasks
Before configuring an Ethernet sub-interface, complete the following tasks:
Data Preparation
To configure an Ethernet sub-interface, you need the following data.
No. Data
No. Data
Procedure
l Creating a Layer 3 Ethernet Sub-interface
1. Run:
system-view
NOTE
----End
Procedure
Step 1 Run:
system-view
For the configuration of an IP address, refer to the Huawei AR1200 Series Enterprise Routers
Configuration Guide - IP Services.
NOTE
When two or more IP addresses are configured for an Ethernet interface, the keyword sub must be used to
indicate the second IP address and the following IP addresses.
----End
Procedure
Step 1 Run:
system-view
----End
Context
To implement inter-VLAN communication, you can create Ethernet sub-interfaces on an
Ethernet interface and configure the sub-interfaces for dot1q VLAN termination to remove tags
from VLAN packets.
Procedure
Step 1 Run:
system-view
Step 3 Run:
dot1q termination vid vid
The allowed VLAN is configured on the Ethernet sub-interface for dot1q VLAN termination.
Step 4 Run:
arp broadcast enable
When you enable or disable the ARP broadcast function on a sub-interface, the routing status of the sub-interface
becomes Down and then Up. This may result in flapping of routes on the entire network, affecting the normal
operation of services.
----End
Prerequisites
The configurations of an Ethernet sub-interface are complete.
Procedure
l Run the display interface [ interface-type [ interface-number ] ] command to check the
status of the specified Ethernet interface.
----End
Example
Run the display interface command. If the parameters of the Ethernet sub-interface, such as the
physical status, protocol status, MTU, IP address and mask, and interface mode, are displayed,
the configuration succeeds. For example:
<Huawei> display interface gigabitethernet 1/0/0.1
GigabitEthernet1/0/0.1 current state : UP
Line protocol current state : UP
Description : HUAWEI, AR Series, GigabitEthernet1/0/0.1 Interface
Route Port,The Maximum Transmit Unit is 1500
Internet Address is 2.1.1.100/24
IP Sending Frames' Format is PKTFMT_ETHNT_2, Hardware address is 00e0-3177-e201
Current system time: 2010-08-29 20:26:18
Last 300 seconds input rate 0 bytes/sec, 0 packets/sec
Last 300 seconds output rate 0 bytes/sec, 0 packets/sec
Realtime 81 seconds input rate 0 bits/sec, 0 packets/sec
Realtime 81 seconds output rate 0 bits/sec, 0 packets/sec
Input: 0 packets,0 bytes,
0 unicast,0 broadcast,0 multicast
Output:1 packets,64 bytes,
0 unicast,1 broadcast,0 multicast
Input bandwidth utilization : 0%
Output bandwidth utilization : 0%
Applicable Environment
Layer 3 Eth-Trunk interfaces on the AR1200 can be configured with sub-interfaces.
Pre-configuration Tasks
Before configuring an Eth-Trunk sub-interface, complete the following tasks:
Data Preparation
To configure an Eth-Trunk sub-interface, you need the following data.
No. Data
Procedure
Step 1 Run:
system-view
Step 2 Run:
interface eth-trunk trunk-id
Step 3 Run:
undo portswitch
Step 4 Run:
quit
Step 5 Run:
interface eth-trunk trunk-id.subnumber
subnumber specifies the number of the Eth-Trunk sub-interface. The number ranges from 1 to
4096.
----End
Procedure
Step 1 Run:
system-view
Step 2 Run:
interface eth-trunk interface-number.subinterface-number
Step 3 Run:
ip address ip-address { mask | mask-length } [ sub ]
For details about IP address configuration, see the Huawei AR1200 Series Enterprise Routers
Configuration Guide - IP Services.
NOTE
If two or more IP addresses are configured for an Eth-Trunk interface, the keyword sub must be used to
indicate the second IP address and the following IP addresses.
----End
Procedure
Step 1 Run:
system-view
The allowed VLAN is configured on the Eth-Trunk sub-interface for dot1q VLAN termination.
Step 4 Run:
arp broadcast enable
NOTE
When you enable or disable the ARP broadcast function on a sub-interface, the routing status of the sub-interface
becomes Down and then Up. This may result in flapping of routes on the entire network, affecting the normal
operation of services.
----End
Prerequisites
The configurations of an Eth-Trunk sub-interface are complete.
Procedure
Step 1 Run the display interface eth-trunk [ trunk-id [ .subnumber ] ] command to check the status
of the Eth-Trunk sub-interface.
----End
Example
Run the display interface eth-trunk command. If information about the Eth-Trunk sub-
interface, including its IP address and MAC address, is displayed, it means that the configuration
succeeds. For example:
<Huawei> display interface eth-trunk 1.1
Eth-Trunk1.1 current state : UP
Line protocol current state : UP
Description : HUAWEI, AR Series, Eth-Trunk1.1 Interface
Route Port, Hash arithmetic : According to SIP-XOR-DIP, The Maximum Transmit Unit
is 1500
Internet Address is 10.10.10.100/24
IP Sending Frames' Format is PKTFMT_ETHNT_2, Hardware address is 00e0-3f60-ec00
Procedure
Step 1 Run:
system-view
----End
Context
For details about FR sub-interface configuration, see "FR Configuration" in the Huawei AR1200
Series Enterprise Routers Configuration Guide - WAN.
Procedure
Step 1 Run:
system-view
An FR sub-interface is configured.
subnumber is the number of the sub-interface. The value ranges from 1 to 1024.
The default type of an FR sub-interface is P2MP.
NOTE
When an interface is configured with a sub-interface, the interval between the shutdown and undo
shutdown commands on the main interface must be at least 15 seconds.
----End
Applicable Environment
As the loopback interface always remains in the Up state once created and executes the loopback
function, it can be used to improve connection reliability.
Loopback interfaces have the following functions:
l The IP address of a loopback interface can be designated as the source address of packets.
l The IP address of a loopback interface can be used to control the access interface and filter
logs.
l If more than one link can reach the same neighbor, a loopback interface can be used as the
BGP neighbor of the local router. This avoids neighbor relationship failures caused by
interface faults when other types of interfaces are used as BGP neighbors.
Pre-configuration Tasks
Before configuring a Loopback interface, power on the router and start the router.
Data Preparation
To configure a loopback interface, you need the following data.
No. Data
Procedure
Step 1 Run:
system-view
----End
Prerequisites
The configurations of a loopback interface are complete.
Procedure
Step 1 Run the display interface loopback [ loopback-number ] command to check the status of a
loopback interface.
----End
Example
Run the display interface loopback command. The following information shows that the link
layer protocol status of the interface is Up.
<Huawei> display interface loopback 6
LoopBack6 current state : UP
Line protocol current state :UP (spoofing)
Description:HUAWEI, AR Series, LoopBack6 Interface
Route Port,The Maximum Transmit Unit is 1500
Internet Address is 10.10.1.1/24
Physical is Loopback
Current system time: 2010-09-10 10:03:18
Statistics last cleared: 2008-08-02 15:32:27
Last 300 seconds input rate 0 bits/sec, 0 packets/sec
Last 300 seconds output rate 0 bits/sec, 0 packets/sec
Realtime 6 seconds input rate 0 bits/sec, 0 packets/sec
Realtime 6 seconds output rate 0 bits/sec, 0 packets/sec
Input: 0 bytes
Output:0 bytes
Input bandwidth utilization : 0%
Output bandwidth utilization : 0%
Applicable Environment
A Null interface is like the null devices supported by some operating systems. All packets sent
to a Null interface are dropped. The system automatically creates a Null interface NULL0.
Since all packets sent to a Null interface are dropped, you can specify a Null interface as the
outbound interface for packets to be filtered out. In this case, you do not need to configure an
ACL.
For example, using the following command discards all packets sent to the 192.101.0.0 network
segment.
[Huawei] ip route-static 192.101.0.0 255.255.0.0 NULL 0
Pre-configuration Tasks
Before configuring a Null interface, power on the router and start the router.
Data Preparation
None.
Procedure
Step 1 Run:
system-view
----End
Prerequisites
The configurations of a null interface are complete.
Procedure
Step 1 Run the display interface null [ 0 ] command to check the status of a null interface.
----End
Example
Run the display interface null command. The following information shows that the status of
the null interface is Up.
<Huawei> display interface null 0
NULL0 current state : UP
Line protocol current state :UP (spoofing)
Description:HUAWEI, AR Series, NULL0 Interface
Route Port,The Maximum Transmit Unit is 1500
Internet protocol processing : disabled
Physical is NULL DEV
Current system time: 2010-09-10 10:03:18
Last 300 seconds input rate 0 bits/sec, 0 packets/sec
Applicable Environment
Multiple PPP links can be bound to an MP group to increase link bandwidth. This is called MP
binding. MP fragments the packets whose length is greater than the minimum packet length and
sends the fragments to the peer device over multiple PPP links in the MP group. After receiving
these fragments, the peer device assembles these fragments and sends assembled packets to the
network layer. An MP group interface is dedicated to the MP application and used in scenarios
requiring dynamic bandwidth.
Pre-configuration Tasks
Before configuring an MP Group interface, power on the router and start the router.
Procedure
Step 1 Run:
system-view
----End
LCP initial
Physical is MP, baudrate is 0 bps
Current system time: 2010-08-27 18:45:29
Last 300 seconds input rate 0 bytes/sec, 0 packets/sec
Last 300 seconds output rate 0 bytes/sec, 0 packets/sec
Realtime 0 seconds input rate 0 bytes/sec, 0 packets/sec
Realtime 0 seconds output rate 0 bytes/sec, 0 packets/sec
0 packets input, 0 bytes, 0 drops
0 packets output, 0 bytes, 0 drops
Input bandwidth utilization : 0%
Output bandwidth utilization : 0%
Applicable Environment
Dial Control Center (DCC) allows a router to communicate by using the Integrated Service
Digital Network (ISDN) or Public Switched Telephone Network (PSTN). DCC provides on-
demand dialup services. A dialer interface is a logical interface used to implement DCC. A
physical interface can be bound to a dialer interface to inherit the configuration of the dialer
interface.
Pre-configuration Tasks
Before configuring a Dialer interface, power on the router and start the router.
Procedure
Step 1 Run:
system-view
----End
LCP initial
Physical is Dialer
Current system time: 2007-08-28 11:27:09
Last 300 seconds input rate 0 bits/sec, 0 packets/sec
Last 300 seconds output rate 0 bits/sec, 0 packets/sec
Realtime 0 seconds input rate 0 bits/sec, 0 packets/sec
Realtime 0 seconds output rate 0 bits/sec, 0 packets/sec
Input: 0 bytes,
Output:0 bytes,
Input bandwidth utilization : 0%
Output bandwidth utilization : 0%
Applicable Environment
Virtual-Ethernet (VE) interfaces are used in PPPoEoA and IPoEoA. VE interfaces can also be
used to configure the firewall and routes.
Configuration of the VE interface is like that of the Ethernet interface. For details, refer to the
chapter LAN-Side Ethernet Interface Configuration.
l Routing protocols
l VLAN configuration
Pre-configuration Tasks
Before configuring a VE interface, power on the router and start the router.
Data Preparation
To configure a VE interface, you need the following data.
No. Data
Procedure
Step 1 Run:
system-view
NOTE
After establishing a binding relationship between a VE interface and the permanent virtual channel (PVC)
that transmits PPPoEoA or IPoEoA data, you can delete this VE interface only when you unbind the VE
interface from the PVC.
----End
Prerequisites
The configurations of Virtual-Ethernet interfaces are complete.
Procedure
Step 1 Run the display interface virtual-ethernet [ ve-number ] command to check the status of a VE
interface.
----End
Example
Run the display interface virtual-ethernet command. If the configuration and status of the
specified VE interface are displayed, it means that the configuration succeeds. For example:
<Huawei> display interface Virtual-Ethernet
Virtual-Ethernet0/0/0 current state : DOWN
Line protocol current state : DOWN
Description:HUAWEI, AR Series, Virtual-Ethernet0/0/0 Interface
Route Port,The Maximum Transmit Unit is 1500
Internet protocol processing : disabled
IP Sending Frames' Format is PKTFMT_ETHNT_2, Hardware address is 00e0-fc99-9999
Current system time: 2010-09-10 10:03:18
Input bandwidth utilization : 0%
Output bandwidth utilization : 0%
Virtual-Ethernet0/0/1 current state : UP
Line protocol current state : UP
Last line protocol up time: 2007-11-03, 17:24:24
Description:HUAWEI, AR Series, Virtual-Ethernet0/0/1 Interface
Route Port,The Maximum Transmit Unit is 1500
Internet Address is 200.1.1.2/24
IP Sending Frames' Format is PKTFMT_ETHNT_2, Hardware address is 00e0-fc99-9999
Applicable Environment
A VT interface is used in VPN, MP and ATM applications. The system creates and deletes VA
interfaces and the process is transparent to users.
The link layer of VT interfaces only supports the PPP protocol, and the network layer only
supports IP.
CAUTION
l The newly configured or modified parameters of a VT interface take effect only after the
shutdown and the undo shutdown command are run.
l After configuring or modifying services such as MPLS, MTU or IS-IS, modify VT
configuration on the interfaces with the services configured.
Pre-configuration Tasks
Before configuring a VT interface, complete the following tasks:
l Installing and powering on the router properly
l Configuring the physical interface
Data Preparation
To configure a VT interface, you need the following data.
No. Data
Procedure
Step 1 Run:
system-view
Step 2 Run:
interface virtual-template vt-number
vt-number specifies the number of the VT interface. The value ranges from 0 to 1023.
After a VT interface is deleted, all of its derived VA interfaces are deleted automatically.
Step 3 Run:
ip address ip-address { mask| mask-length } [ sub ]
----End
Procedure
Step 1 Run:
system-view
Step 2 Run:
interface virtual-template vt-number
Step 3 Run:
broadcast-limit link number
The maximum number of links supported by the VT interface for sending multicast or broadcast
packets is configured.
Multicast or broadcast packets sent out from each link may affect system performance if there
are too many links in the VT interface.
Using the broadcast-limit link command, you can restrict the packets since the packets are
dropped when the link number exceeds the maximum number.
NOTE
Do not configure multiple services such as MP, L2TP and PPPoE on a VT.
----End
Prerequisites
The configurations of VT interfaces are complete.
Procedure
l Run the display interface virtual-template [ vt-number ] command to check the status of
a VT interface.
l Run the display virtual-access [ vt vt-number | dialer dialer-interface-number | user user-
name | peer peer-address | va-number ] * command to check the status of a VA interface.
----End
Example
Run the display interface virtual-template command. If the configuration of a VT interface is
displayed, the configuration succeeds.
<Huawei> display interface Virtual-Template 0
Virtual-Template0 current state : UP
Line protocol current state :UP (spoofing)
Description:HUAWEI, AR Series, Virtual-Template0 Interface
Route Port,The Maximum Transmit Unit is 1500
Internet Address is 10.1.1.1/24
Link layer protocol is PPP
LCP initial, MP opened
Physical is None, baudrate is 64000 bps
Current system time: 2010-09-10 10:03:18
Last 300 seconds input rate 0 bits/sec, 0 packets/sec
Last 300 seconds output rate 0 bits/sec, 0 packets/sec
Realtime 0 seconds input rate 0 bits/sec, 0 packets/sec
Realtime 0 seconds output rate 0 bits/sec, 0 packets/sec
Input: 0 bytes
Output:0 bytes
Input bandwidth utilization : 0%
Output bandwidth utilization : 0%
Run the display virtual-access command. If the status of a VA interface is displayed, the
configuration succeeds. For example:
<Huawei> display virtual-access
Virtual-Template1:0 current state : UP
Line protocol current state : UP
Last line protocol up time : 2011-10-12 14:14:32
Description:HUAWEI, AR Series, Virtual-Template1:0 Interface
Route Port,The Maximum Transmit Unit is 1480
Networking Requirements
As shown in Figure 16-1, Eth1/0/0.1 and Eth1/0/1.1 of the Router connect to the upstream
interfaces of Switch A and Switch B.
The downstream interface on Switch A is added to VLAN 10, and the downstream interface on
Switch B is added to VLAN 20.
PC1 in VLAN 10 and PC2 in VLAN 20 are required to communicate with each other.
SwitchA SwitchB
PC1 PC2
10.10.10.2/24 20.20.20.2/24
Configuration Roadmap
The configuration roadmap is as follows:
Data Preparation
To complete the configuration, you need the following data:
l VLANs that Eth1/0/0.1 and Eth1/0/1.1 join: VLAN 10 and VLAN 20
l IP addresses of Eth1/0/0.1 and Eth1/0/1.1: 10.10.10.1 and 20.20.20.1
l VLAN that the upstream interface of Switch A joins in tagged mode: VLAN 10
l VLAN that the downstream interface of Switch A joins in default mode: VLAN 10
l VLAN that the upstream interface of Switch B joins in tagged mode: VLAN 20
l VLAN that the downstream interface of Switch B joins in default mode: VLAN 20
Procedure
Step 1 Configure the interface connecting the Router to Switch A.
# Create and configure a sub-interface Eth1/0/0.1.
<Huawei> system-view
[Huawei] sysname Router
[Router] interface ethernet 1/0/0.1
----End
Configuration Files
Only the configuration file of the Router is provided.
#
sysname Router
#
interface Ethernet1/0/0.1
Networking Requirements
As shown in Figure 16-2:
RouterB
Serial1/0/0
202.38.160.2
LAN3:129.11.0.0/16
Configuration Roadmap
The configuration roadmap is as follows:
1. Configure the link protocol of the interface that accesses the FR network on Router A.
2. Configure sub-interfaces and allocate IP addresses and VC.
Data Preparation
To configure the sub-interface, you need the following data:
l On Router A, the number of the interface that accesses the FR network
l IP addresses of two sub-interfaces on Router A
l DLCIs that connect Router A to the FR network
l Network addresses of three LANs
l On Router B and Router C, the IP addresses of the interfaces that access the FR network
Procedure
Step 1 Configure Router A.
# Configure link layer protocol as FR on Serial 1/0/0 of Router A.
<Huawei> system-view
[Huawei] sysname RouterA
[RouterA] interface serial 1/0/0
[RouterA-Serial1/0/0] link-protocol fr
[RouterA-Serial1/0/0] fr interface-type dte
[RouterA-Serial1/0/0] quit
# Configure the sub-interface Serial 1/0/0.1 on Router A, and assign VC for it.
[RouterA] interface serial 1/0/0.1 p2mp
[RouterA-Serial1/0/0.1] ip address 202.38.160.1 255.255.255.0
[RouterA-Serial1/0/0.1] fr dlci 50
[RouterA-fr-dlci-Serial1/0/0.1-50] quit
# Configure the sub-interface Serial 1/0/0.2 on Router A, and assign VC for it.
[RouterA] interface serial 1/0/0.2 p2mp
[RouterA-Serial1/0/0.2] ip address 202.38.161.1 255.255.255.0
[RouterA-Serial1/0/0.2] fr dlci 60
[RouterA-fr-dlci-Serial1/0/0.2-60] quit
NOTE
The main purpose of this example is to explain sub-interface configuration. Router B and Router C do not
need to be configured with sub-interfaces.
# Configure the IP address on Serial 1/0/0 of Router B, and assign VC for it.
[RouterB-Serial1/0/0] ip address 202.38.160.2 255.255.255.0
[RouterB-Serial1/0/0] fr dlci 70
[RouterB-fr-dlci-Serial1/0/0-70] quit
# Configure the IP address on Serial 1/0/0 of Router C, and assign VC for it.
[RouterC-Serial1/0/0] ip address 202.38.161.2 255.255.255.0
[RouterC-Serial1/0/0] fr dlci 80
[RouterC-fr-dlci-Serial1/0/0-80] quit
----End
Configuration Files
l Configuration file of Router A
#
sysname RouterA
#
interface Serial1/0/0
link-protocol fr
#
interface Serial1/0/0.1 p2mp
fr dlci 50
ip address 202.38.160.1 255.255.255.0
#
interface Serial1/0/0.2 p2mp
fr dlci 60
ip address 202.38.161.1 255.255.255.0
#
ip route-static 129.10.0.0 255.255.0.0 202.38.160.2
ip route-static 129.11.0.0 255.255.0.0 202.38.161.2
#
return
Networking Requirements
After a loopback interface is configured with an IP address, it can work as the lending party in
the IP unnumbered function. The loopback interface can use a 32-bit mask.
Serial1/0/0
RouterA RouterB
10.1.1.2/30
Configuration Roadmap
The configuration roadmap is as follows:
1. Create the loopback interface and configure the IP address.
2. Configure the Serial interface to borrow the IP address of the loopback interface.
Data Preparation
To configure a loopback interface, you need the following data.
l Loopback interface number
l IP address of the loopback interface
l The number of the interface that borrows the IP address
Procedure
Step 1 Configure Router A.
# Create a loopback interface and allocate an IP address for it.
<Huawei> system-view
[Huawei] sysname RouterA
[RouterA] interface loopback 1
[RouterA-LoopBack1] ip address 10.1.1.1 32
[RouterA-LoopBack1] quit
Step 2 Configure Serial 1/0/0 to borrow the IP address of the created loopback1.
[RouterA] interface serial 1/0/0
[RouterA-Serial1/0/0] ip address unnumbered interface loopback 1
[RouterA-Serial1/0/0] quit
The information in bold shows that Serial 1/0/0 borrows the IP address of loopback1.
----End
Configuration files
l Configuration files of Router A
#
sysname RouterA
#
interface Serial1/0/0
link-protocol ppp
ip address unnumbered interface LoopBack1
#
interface LoopBack1
ip address 10.1.1.1 255.255.255.255
#
return
Networking Requirements
As shown in Figure 16-4, users are connected to CEs through LAN switches. CE1 and CE3
belong to VPN-A; CE2 and CE4 belong to VPN-B. The users in a VPN access each other through
the MPLS backbone. The existing configurations are as follows:
l An IGP protocol has been enabled on the MPLS backbone network to implement
connectivity between the devices on the backbone network.
l Basic MPLS functions and MPLS LDP have been configured on the MPLS backbone
network to set up LDP LSPs.
l MP-IBGP peer relationships have been set up between PEs.
l The LAN switches are configured to add inner VLAN tags to received packets.
To save VLAN IDs on the public network, the CEs are configured with QinQ to add outer VLAN
tags to the received packets. Therefore, the user packets sent from CEs to PEs have two VLAN
tags. The QinQ termination sub-interfaces on PEs need to connect to the L3VPN so that CE1
and CE3 can communicate and CE2 and CE4 can communicate.
VPN-A VPN-A
LAN LAN
Switch Switch
CE1 CE3
Eth1/0/0.1 Eth1/0/0.1
MPLS
PE1 backbone PE2
Eth2/0/0.1
Eth2/0/0.1
CE2 CE4
LAN LAN
Switch Switch
VPN-B VPN-B
Configuration Roadmap
The configuration roadmap is as follows:
NOTE
This example only provides the configurations related to this task. For details about L3VPN configuration, see
the Huawei AR1200 Series Enterprise Routers Configuration Guide-VPN Configuration.
Data Preparation
To complete the configuration, you need the following data:
l Inner VLAN tag added by LAN switches
l Outer VLAN tag added by CEs
l Names of the interfaces connecting PEs to CEs
l Interface addresses
l Names of the VPN instances on PE1 and PE2
l RDs and VPN targets of the VPN instances
Procedure
Step 1 Configure VPN instances on PEs and bind the VPN instances to QinQ sub-interfaces.
# Configure PE1.
<Huawei> system-view
[Huawei] sysname PE1
[PE1] ip vpn-instance vpna
[PE1-vpn-instance-vpna] ipv4-family
[PE1-vpn-instance-vpna-af-ipv4] route-distinguisher 100:1
[PE1-vpn-instance-vpna-af-ipv4] vpn-target 111:1 both
[PE1-vpn-instance-vpna-af-ipv4] quit
[PE1-vpn-instance-vpna] quit
[PE1] interface ethernet 1/0/0.1
[PE1-Ethernet1/0/0.1] qinq termination pe-vid 100 ce-vid 10
[PE1-Ethernet1/0/0.1] ip binding vpn-instance vpna
[PE1-Ethernet1/0/0.1] ip address 10.1.1.1 24
[PE1-Ethernet1/0/0.1] arp broadcast enable
[PE1-Ethernet1/0/0.1] quit
[PE1] ip vpn-instance vpnb
[PE1-vpn-instance-vpnb] ipv4-family
[PE1-vpn-instance-vpnb-af-ipv4] route-distinguisher 200:2
[PE1-vpn-instance-vpnb-af-ipv4] vpn-target 222:2 both
[PE1-vpn-instance-vpnb-af-ipv4] quit
[PE1-vpn-instance-vpnb] quit
[PE1] interface ethernet 2/0/0.1
[PE1-Ethernet2/0/0.1] qinq termination pe-vid 200 ce-vid 20
[PE1-Ethernet2/0/0.1] ip binding vpn-instance vpnb
[PE1-Ethernet2/0/0.1] ip address 10.2.1.1 24
[PE1-Ethernet2/0/0.1] arp broadcast enable
[PE1-Ethernet2/0/0.1] quit
# Configure PE2.
<Huawei> system-view
[Huawei] sysname PE2
[PE2] ip vpn-instance vpna
[PE2-vpn-instance-vpna] ipv4-family
[PE2-vpn-instance-vpna-af-ipv4] route-distinguisher 100:1
[PE2-vpn-instance-vpna-af-ipv4] vpn-target 111:1 both
[PE2-vpn-instance-vpna-af-ipv4] quit
[PE2-vpn-instance-vpna] quit
[PE2] interface ethernet 1/0/0.1
[PE2-Ethernet1/0/0.1] qinq termination pe-vid 100 ce-vid 10
[PE2-Ethernet1/0/0.1] ip binding vpn-instance vpna
[PE2-Ethernet1/0/0.1] ip address 10.3.1.1 24
[PE2-Ethernet1/0/0.1] arp broadcast enable
[PE2-Ethernet1/0/0.1] quit
[PE2] ip vpn-instance vpnb
[PE2-vpn-instance-vpnb] ipv4-family
[PE2-vpn-instance-vpnb-af-ipv4] route-distinguisher 200:2
[PE2-vpn-instance-vpnb-af-ipv4] vpn-target 222:2 both
[PE2-vpn-instance-vpnb-af-ipv4] quit
[PE2-vpn-instance-vpnb] quit
[PE2] interface ethernet 2/0/0.1
[PE2-Ethernet2/0/0.1] qinq termination pe-vid 200 ce-vid 20
[PE2-Ethernet2/0/0.1] ip binding vpn-instance vpnb
[PE2-Ethernet2/0/0.1] ip address 10.4.1.1 24
[PE2-Ethernet2/0/0.1] arp broadcast enable
[PE2-Ethernet2/0/0.1] quit
Step 2 Set up EBGP peer relationships between PEs and CEs and import VPN routes. The detailed
configurations are not provided here.
# Run the display ip vpn-instance verbose command on the PEs to view VPN instance
configurations.
# Run the display qinq information termination command, and you can see that the QinQ
termination sub-interface is bound to the L3VPN.
After the preceding configurations, PEs will remove the two VLAN tags from the packets from
users and forward the packets to L3VPN. The users in the same VPN can communicate with
each other. Hosts connected to CE1 and CE3 can ping each other, and hosts connected to CE2
and CE4 can ping each other. However, hosts connected to CE1 and CE3 cannot communicate
with hosts connected to CE2 and CE4 because they are in different VPN instances.
----End
Configuration Files
Configuration file of PE1
#
sysname PE1
#
ip vpn-instance vpna
ipv4-family
route-distinguisher 100:1
vpn-target 111:1 export-extcommunity
vpn-target 111:1 import-extcommunity
#
ip vpn-instance vpnb
ipv4-family
route-distinguisher 200:2
vpn-target 222:2 export-extcommunity
vpn-target 222:2 import-extcommunity
#
interface Ethernet1/0/0.1
#
sysname PE2
#
ip vpn-instance vpna
ipv4-family
route-distinguisher 100:1
vpn-target 111:1 export-extcommunity
vpn-target 111:1 import-extcommunity
#
ip vpn-instance vpnb
ipv4-family
route-distinguisher 200:2
vpn-target 222:2 export-extcommunity
vpn-target 222:2 import-extcommunity
#
interface Ethernet1/0/0.1