Grotius' Natural Law Theory

Course: Business Ethics
Instructor: Dr. Abdul Rahim

Date: 15th April, 2017
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GROTIUS’ NATURAL LAW THEORY
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PRESENTED BY:
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co rc Baber Ahmed Abbasi
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This study source was downloaded by 100000831812978 from CourseHero.com on 09-16-2021 12:10:18 GMT -05:00
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HUGO GROTIUS (1583 AD –
1645 AD)
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 He was a French philosopher, who born in 1583 AD and died in 1645 AD.
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 He belonged to the Modern Era (1500 AD – 2000 AD)
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 He worked on Natural Law in response to the religious war.
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 He wrote a book named De jure belli ac pacis or On the Law of War
and Peace. This book is in Latin which was published in Paris, on the
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legal status of war. co rc
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 He is know as father of Modern Natural Law.
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Grotius’ Natural Law Theory as 2
Theory of Human Rights
 Hugo Grotius belonged to Modern Era when there was a religious war going on in
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Europe between two Christian groups; i.e. Catholic & Protestant. Both groups
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thought that they are true believers and the other group is not.
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 He worked on the Natural Law to create some principles on which both groups
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could agree.
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 He wrote the book On the Law of War and Peace to eliminate the differences and
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conflicts between both groups and to convince them to be with him to resolve the
problems.
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 This theory is named as the Theory of Human Rights because he worked and wrote
about the rights of human being.
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Man as a Creature of GOD 3
 He stated that men were created by God so all people must follow HIS principles.
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 He said that we all are divine creatures.
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 He declares that “What God has shown to be His Will, that is law. This axiom points
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directly to the cause of law, and is rightly laid down as the primary principle”.
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 Here Grotius announces that God determines the full and exact content of all
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normative categories—justice, goodness and so forth.
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 He said that whatever the God will is, that is law or primary principle.
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GOD does not Intervene in Human Affairs 4
 In his later work, he departs from the previous thoughts (What God has shown to
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be His Will, that is law.)
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 He said that God doesn’t intervene in human affairs.
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 He declares that “the affairs of men are of no concern to him (God).”
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 He said to European countries (where religious war was going on) that God will not
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come down to remove the differences between you. He will not come in between
you. Every person may make his own decisions and will to do whatever he wants.
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He asked both groups to work and remove the differences between you. co rc
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 Whatever you do, only you are responsible for that action, not God, and that is
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what Secularism is.

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Moral Act as a Right 5
 In previous theories, human being was bound to choose the moral acts or moral
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decisions.
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 In this theory, Grotius said to the people that it is your right to choose what you
want to do.
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 He said that God has created you, that’s all, now you have all the rights to do any
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action.
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 He added that it is not your duty but your right, means doing any moral act will be
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your right that how you perform it and it is not your duty to perform it or you are
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not bound to do it.
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A Priori and A Posteriori Methods 6
A Priori:
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 It’s a method in which a speculation is created without knowing, seeing or learning
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about people then it is known as “A Priori Method”.
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 For e.g.: I am standing here and I speculate that all Americans are rude and racists,
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however, I didn’t observe them personally.
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A Posteriori:
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 It’s a method in which you observe people that what they are doing, how they lead
the life and you learn about them and after that learning you say something or you
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conclude, this method is known as “A Posteriori Method”. co rc
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 For e.g.: I have been studying in IoBM, I have been learning about the culture,
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environment and all the details and now I can conclude about it in front of anyone.
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THANK YOU !!
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Course: Business Ethics

Instructor: Dr. Abdul Rahim

what Secularism is.

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