OPTION 12 TERM 1

OPTION 1 UNIT 1 : LIFE STORIES- GRAMMAR

I. Articles: A/ An/ the or X (no article)
1. I like________blue T-shirt over there better than________red one.
2. Their car can run 150 miles________hour.
3. Where's________USB drive I lent you last week?
4. Do you still live in________Bristol?
5. Is your mother working in________old office building?
6. What do you usually have for________breakfast?
7. Ben has________terrible headache.
8. After this tour you have________whole afternoon free to explore the city.
9. ________Danube is Austria's longest river.
10. Our uncle lives in________Philippines.
11. ________ Jamaica belongs to the Carribean islands.
12. ________Statue of Liberty was dedicated in 1886.
13. ________Taj Mahal is one of India's most popular attractions.
14. ________Dead Sea lies below sea level.
15. This morning I bought________newspaper and ________magazine. ________newspaper is in my bag but I don’t
know where I put…..magazine.
II. Mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the correct answer to each of the following s.
1: I have bought______new shirt which matches______jacket I bought last week.
A. some/a B. the/a C. a/the D. some/the
2: Could you lend me some more? I’ve spent______money you gave me yesterday.
A. Ø B. the C. a D. an
3: The principle river in Wales is______Severn, which flows from the slopes of Plynlimon to______English border
A. Ø / Ø B. the/the C. a/the D. the/a
4: Until recently______economy of______southern United States was based on______cotton.
A. an/the/ Ø B. the/ Ø/Ø C. the/the/the D. the/the/ Ø
5: I still keep wondering if I was doing______right thing when______I asked my father for______permission to leave
school. A. a/ Ø B. the/ Ø C. Ø D. Ø/a
6: We needed______house to live in when we were in London. A. a B. the C. any D. Ø
7: You are______only person whose opinion is of any value to me in______present regrettable circumstances.
A. the/Ø B. the/the C. the/a D. Ø/the
8: The boy told me he hated______doctors.A. the B. some C. Ø D. a
9: He had_____laughing eyes and______most charming mouth. A. the/the B. a/a C. Ø/a D. Ø/the
10: My brother hopes to travel around the world______next summer.
A. a B. an C. the D. Ø(no article)
11: Richard Byrd was______first person in history to fly over______ North Pole.
A. the - a B. the - Ø C. the - the D. Ø - Ø
12: ______university is an institution of higher education and research, which grants academic degrees
A. A B. An C. The D. Some
13: In most______developed countries, up to 50 % of______population enters higher education at some time in their
lives. A. the / Ø B. Ø / Ø C. the / the D. Ø / the
14: Reports are coming in of a major oil spill in______Mediterranean. A. an B. Ø C. the D. a
15: ______ non-verbal language is ______ important aspect of interpersonal communication.
A. The - a B. Ø - an C. A - the D. The - Ø
II: Put the verbs into the Past Simple or Past Continuous tenses.
1. What were you doing when I phoned you? – I (have) ………………… a bath.
2. Mary (water) ………………… the flowers at 3:00 p.m yesterday.
3. Peter and I (do) ………………… the exercise at this time last night.
4. When I (arrive) ………………… at this house, he still (sleep) …………………
5. The light (go) ………………… out while we (have) ………………… dinner.
6. While we (cross) …………………the street, we (meet) ………………… our teacher.
7. Tom (see) ………………… an accident while he (stand) ………………… at the bus stop.
8. The children (play) ………………… football when their mother (come) ………………… back home.
9. The bell (ring) ………………… while Tom (take) ………………… a bath.
10. We (clean) ………………… the house when she (come) ………………… yesterday.
11. I used my time well while I (wait) _______ for the train - I wrote some emails.
12. I (not/work) _______ when my boss walked in my office. I was on Facebook.
13. I saw a car crash when I (wait) _______ for the taxi.
14. Tom (have) _______ long hair and a beard when he was at university.
15. It started raining while I (drive) _______ to work.
16. What (you/do) _______ this time last year?
17. I (not/call) _______ you at 10 o'clock as arranged because I was having a meeting.
18. I (stiIl/sleep) _______ when my husband left for work this morning.
III. Multiple choice:
1. We to the hospital to visit Tom when he _______ to say that he was fine.
A. were driving - was calling B. drove-called C. were driving – called D. drove-was calling
2. What _______ to you last Sunday?
A. happen B. happened C. was happening D. would happen
3. Last night, we _______ for you for ages but you never _______ up.
A. waited - showed B. would wait – showed C. were waiting - were showing D. waited - was showing
4. We _______ dinner when the light _______ off.
A. had-went B. were having-went C. had been having - went D. have had - would have go
5. I _______ out last night but at the last minute I _______ that I had an English test this morning.
A. was going to go – realized B. went – realized C. had gone - would realize D. would go - have realized
6. Who is _______ girl over there with Tom? A. the B. a C. an D. ∅
7. The director needs an assistant with good knowledge of foreign affairs.
A. a B. the C. any D. ∅
8. What _______ terrible weather! Normally _______ weather in the UK is not so bad.
A. the-the B. a-the C. ∅-the D. the-a
9. After a busy day, I went to _______ bed and had _______ most beautiful dream ever.
A. the - the B. a - the C. a - a D. ∅ - the
10. She has visited _______ Portugal but she has never been to _______ Netherlands.
A. the-the B. ∅-the C. a – the D. a – a

OPTION 2 UNIT 1 : LIFE STORIES-VOCABULARY-

I. Give the correct form of the words in the following sentences.
1. He was the most ___________________ football player that our school had produced in years His talent for football
was great. TALENT
2. Do you know Professor Phan Huy Le whose great ______ was his books on the history of Vietnam in the 19th century?
ACHIEVE
3. He wishes to straighten up and lead a _____ life. RESPECT
4. His career as a journalist was full of ____ achievements. He was a respected and admired journalist. DISTINGUISH
5. To be successful takes hard work and ________. DEDICATE
6. Doing things with ___ will give us true happiness. The more we give away, the happier we are. GENEROUS
7. Tran Hung Dao was a great _______________ to lure the enemy to enter deeply into his land, then attacked to destroy
them. STRATEGY
8. Mother Teresa was a living saint who offered a great example and ____ to the world. INSPIRE
9. Zuckerberg was forced to shut his website down, but its immense ____________________ and controversy had made
him consider its future potential. POPULAR
10. As the principal founder of Microsoft, Bill Gates is one of the most ________________________ and  richest people
on the planet. INFLUENCE
II. Indicate the word(s) CLOSEST in meaning to the underlined word(s) in each of the following s.
1. A distinctive feature of Trump's business and real estate ventures has been the prominent use of his own name.
A. characteristic B. general C. common D. superficial
2. Mother Teresa was a Roman Catholic nun who devoted her life to serving the poor and destitute around the world.
A. committed B. dedicated C. committed D. attended
3. Leonardo da Vinci created rare masterpieces of art such as The Mona Lisa' and ‘The Last Supper’.
A. worthless works of art B. invaluable property
C. excellent qualifications D. excellent works of art
4. They all encouraged my creativity and inspired me in many ways.
A. overlooked B. motivated C. rejected D. disappointed
5. He was by nature a reserved man but not a cold one.
A. shy B. easygoing C. sociable D. lavish
6. She was brought up in a well-off family. She can't understand the problems we are facing.
A. poor B. broke C. wealthy D. kind
7. The speaker paused. He hesitated to answer the direct raised by the audience.
A. decided B. continued C. determined D. wavered
8. The government's plans to cut taxes really stimulated the economy.
A. discouraged B. started C. weakened D. improved
9. Chauvet Jeans was a well-known nineteen century painter whose paintings are extraordinarily sophisticated.
A. old-fashioned B. basic C. primitive D. complex
10. Linda is very outgoing, however, her brother is quite reserved.
A. open B. sociable C. easygoing D. shy
III. Indicate the word(s) OPPOSITE in meaning to the underlined word(s) in each of the following s.
1. Although many criticized his seemingly over-generous pay. Henry Ford also pointed out that the high wage helped the
workers to be able to afford the cars.
A. lavish B. open-handed C. big-hearted D. mean
2. There has been insufficient rainfall over the past two years, and fanners are having trouble.
A. abundant B. adequate C. unsatisfactory D. dominant
3. We strongly believe that he's innocent of the crime. We do not think that he did it
A. crimeless B. skillful C. clean D. guilty
4. The situation seems to be changing minute by minute.
A. from time to time B. time after time C. again and again D. very slowly
5. They are going to have to amputate his left leg which was badly injured in the accident.
A. remove B. separate C. cut off D. mend
6. Her identity will never be revealed in order to protect her children from being judged.
A. uncovered B. proclaimed C. leaked D. hid
7. There are several interesting things emerging from the report.
A. fading B. rising C. coming up D. developing
8. This boy is poorly-educated and doesn't know how to behave properly.
A. uneducated B. knowledgeable C. ignorant D. rude
9. I prefer reading fictional stories to hearing about real events.
A. imaginary B. unreal C. existent D. legendary
10. White blood cells help defend the body against infection.
A. fight B. cover C. protect D. abandon
IV. Indicate the correct answer to complete each of the following s.
1. When I ____ home last night, I ____ that Jane ____ a beautiful candle light dinner.
A. had arrived/discovered/preparing B. was arriving/has discovered/was preparing
C. have arrived/was discovering/had prepared D. arrived/discovered/was preparing
2. Tran Hung Dao was a great ____ to lure the enemy to enter deeply into his land, then attacked to destroy them.
A. strategy B. strategist C. soldier D. king
3. ____ Emperor Quang Trung was ____ second emperor of ____ Tay Son Dynasty, reigning from 1788 to 1792.
A. The - a - the B. X - a - the C. X - the - the D. X – the - X
4. While I ____ TV last night, a mouse ran across the floor.
A. watch B. watched C. was watching D. am watching
5. When it began to rain, they ____ in the yard.
A. played B. had played C. were playing D. have played .
6. When I woke up this morning, it ____.
A. rained B. was raining C. has rained D. is raining
7. Her ____ to medicine was so great that she had little time for anything else.
A. importance B. dedication C. emphasis D. reputation
8. Bill Gates was ____ middle child of William H. Gates II, ____ prominent Seattle Lawyer, and Mary Gates, who
worked as………. teacher before she had children.
A. the / a / a B. a / a / a C. the / the / a D. the / the / the
9. While Tom ____ tennis, Ann ____ a shower. 
 A. played / took  B. playing / taking  C. was playing / was taking  D. was play / was take
10. When they ____ in the garden, the phone ____.
A. worked / was ringing  B. were working / rang  C. worked / rang  D. work / rings
11. A year into his presidency, Barack Obama was awarded the Nobel Peace Prize (2009) ____ his promise to promote
world peace.
A. about B. for C. with  D. on
12. Emergency crews are ____ progress in fixing the broken levees, but they are in a desperate race to stop the flooding.
A. making B. doing C. getting D. becoming

OPTION 3 UNIT 1 : LIFE STORIES- REVIEW

I. Mark the letter A, B, C or D to indicate the correct answer to each of the following s.
1. We ____ to the hospital to visit Mike when he ____ to say that he was fine.
A. were driving - was calling B. drove - called C. were driving – called D. drove - was calling
2. What ____ to you on Sunday night? A. happen B. happened C. was happening D. would happen
3. Last night, we ____ for you for ages but you never ____ up.
A. waited – showed B. would wait - showed C. were waiting - were showing D. waited – was showing
4. We ____ our quality time when the unexpected guess ____.
A. had – came B. were having - came C. had been having – came D. have had – would have come
5. Since they ____ us they ____ to visit us last Sunday, we ____ forward to the day.
A. were telling - came - looked B . would tell – would visit - would look
C. told – would come - were looking D. tell - are coming - will look
6. I ____ out last night but at the last minute I ____ that I had a quiz this morning.
A. was going to go – realized B. went – realized C. had gone – would realize D. would go - have realized
7. She hasn't paid as much attention to her children as she ____ since she ____ working.
A. does – starts B. did - started C. was doing - was starting D. has done - would start
8. My brother ____ at the road when he ____ into a hole.
A. wasn't looking - was falling B. didn't look - has fallen C. wasn't looking – fell D. won't look - fall
9. Magellan ____ the first European who ____ through the strait.
A. was - was sailing B. was being - was sailing C. had been – sailed D. was - sailed
10. The first self-sufficient village in Britain ____ the Norman's idea. They were some strange invaders who ____ to
change the country in a better way.
A. was – hoped B. is - have hoped C. have been - were hoping D. was being - had hoped
11. Who is ____ girl over there with Jimmy? A. the B. a C. an D. Ø
12. The boss needs an assistant with ____ good knowledge of foreign trade.
A. a B. the C. any D. Ø
13. We are having ____ terrible weather which is quite strange. Usually ____ weather in UK is not this bad.
A. the – the B. a – the C. Ø - the D. the - a
14. Could you please close ____ window? I don't think it is necessary to open all the four.
A. a B. the C. some D. Ø
15. ____ Gordons is a very interesting family. They like to travel around ____ world.
A. A – the B . The - the C. A – a D. A-Ø
16. To absorb more oil from spring rolls, we can use materials like ____ newspaper to wrap them after frying.
A. the B. any C. Ø D. a
17. After a hard-working day, I went to ____ bed and had ____ most beautiful dream ever.
A. the - the B. a – the C. a – a D. Ø - the
18. I have visited ____ Portugal but I have never been to ____ Netherlands.
A. the – the B . Ø - the C. a – the D. a - a
19. Every week, his mother goes to ____ university to visit him while my mother has never come to visit me since I went
to ____ university. A. the - Ø B. the - the C. Ø - Ø D. a - the
20. He left on ____10 o'clock train yesterday to see his father who was taken to ____ hospital last week when he broke
____ right leg.
A. the - the - the B. the - a - a C. a - a - the D. the - Ø - Ø
III. Mark the letter A, B, C or D to indicate the underlined part that needs correction in each of the following s.
21. Last month, while my friend was traveling round England by the car, he crashed the car into a tree.
22. She was walking to the library to borrow some books when she was seeing a robbery.
23 We hasn’t seen Dr. Jim since last Saturday.
24. Please turn off television. I also like watching TV but now I am having to study for the exam.
25. The researchers of Harvard University reported that the tigers are one of the most dangerous species in the
jungle.
26. I think a good health is important, and so is education while money, to some extent, is not.
27. He was reading out the data while Sara wrote it down carefully.
28. He would live in the countryside but now he is living in a big city.
29. Many people used to think learning English is full of the difficulties.
30. The biggest problem with eating too much sugar is that it can cause the diabetes.
31. The most people need healthy eating and enough exercise every day.
32. The doctor said that she was making a relatively slow progress because she was quite old.
33. The moment I was seeing him, I realized I had met him somewhere before.
34. I was having a black cat three years ago but now it is no longer with me.
35. We were talking happily when Jane was coming in and shouted at us.
III. Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the correct word or phrase that best fits
each of the numbered blanks.
Sir Isaac Newton, the English scientist and mathematician, was one of the most important figures of the 17th century
scientific revolution. One of his greatest achievement was the discovery of the three laws of motion, (1) ______ are still
used today. But he also had a very unusual personality. Some people would say he was actually insane.
His father died before he was born, and his mother soon remarried. The young Isaac hated his stepfather so much that he
once (2) _____ to burn his house down - when his stepfather and mother were still inside! Fortunately he did not, and he
went on to graduate from Cambridge without being thrown into prison.
Isaac's first published work was a theory of light and color. When another scientist wrote a paper criticizing this theory,
Isaac flew into an uncontrollable rage. The scientist (3) ______ for the criticism was a man called Robert Hooke. He was
head of the Royal Society, and one of the most respected scientists in the country. (4)_______, this made no difference to
Isaac, who refused to speak to him for over a year.
The simple fact was that Isaac found it impossible to have a calm discussion with anyone. As soon as someone said
something that he disagreed with, he would lose his temper. For this reason he lived a large part of his life isolated from
(5) ______ scientists. It is unlikely that many of them complained.
(Source: https://www.biography.com/scientist/isaac-newton)
1. A. which B. who C. that D. they
2. A. shouted B. frightened C. threatened D. warned
3. A. responsible B. reasonable C. guilty D. attributable
4. A. Although B. However C. Despite D. What is more
5 A. another B. others C. one D. other
IV. Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C or D to indicate the correct answer to each of the s.
Born on June 30, 1985 in Baltimore, Maryland, to Fred and Debbie Phelps, the youngest of three children, Michael Phelps
and his sisters grew up in the neighbourhood of Rodger Forge. His father, Fred, a former all-rounded athlete, was a state
trooper and his mother Debbie was a middle-school principal. When Phelps's parents divorced in 1994, he and his siblings
lived with their mother, with whom Michael grew very close. Even at the age of 7, Phelps was still a little scared to put his
head under water, so his instructors allowed him to float around on his back. Not surprisingly, despite the fact that later he
is very good at butterfly swimming, the first stroke he mastered was not the easily-practised breaststroke but the
backstroke.
At the age of 15, Phelps became the youngest American male swimmer to compete at an Olympic Games in 68 years.
While he didn't win any medals at the 2000 Summer Olympics in Sydney, Australia, he would soon become a major force
in competitive swimming.
In the spring of 2001, Phelps set the world record in the 200-meter butterfly, becoming the youngest male swimmer in
history at the age of 15 years and 9 months. At the 2001 World Championships in Japan, he then broke his own record
with a time of 1:54:58, earning his first international medal. In 2002, Phelps continued to establish several records
including the 100-meter butterfly and the 200-meter individual medley. The following year, at the same event, he broke
his own world record in the 400-meter individual medley with a time of 4:09.09.
After the London Olympics in 2012, Phelps announced he was retiring from his sport. However, at the 2016 Olympic
Games, he came out of retirement and returned to professional competition. This was also the event which he won one
silver and five gold medals, becoming the oldest individual gold medalist in Olympic swimming history, as well as the
first swimmer to win four consecutive golds in the same event, the 200-meter individual medley.
1. Phelps's father used to be a comprehensive ____.
A. principal B. trooper C. athlete D. instructor
2. The first style of swimming Phelps was good at is ____.
A. butterfly B. freestyle C. breaststroke D. backstroke
3. He didn't win any medals at the Olympics of ____
A. 2002 B. 2000 C. 2012 D. 2016
4. At the 2001 World Championships in Japan, he broke the record of ____.
A. 200-meter butterfly B. 100-meter butterfly
C. 200-meter individual D. 400-meter individual
5. The word consecutive in paragraph 3 is closest in meaning to ____.
A. stoppable B. unending C. uninterrupted D. unrestricted

OPTION 4 UNIT 2 : URBANIZATION- GRAMMAR

I: Find a mistake in each following sentence and correct it.
1: Henry would rather that his girlfriend work in the same department as he does.
2: It is a recommendation from a doctor that the patient stops smoking.
3: It is high time I had left for the airport.
4: It is important that we be talked about how developed countries have solved the urbanization problems and propose
some solutions to those in Viet Nam.
5: Is it really necessary that we included new information in the conclusion?
6: It is recommended that the presentation were no more than 15 minutes.
7: I suggest that we focused on its advantages and disadvantages.
8: Our Geography teacher also advised that we will talk about issues that are familiar and important to our classmates.
9: It is important that he gets into a good university.
10: The teacher demanded that the classroom clean immediately. Be cleaned
11: It is vital that people allow to choose where to live.
12: She requested that everyone in my class attends her presentation.
13: It is crucial that urban people don’t look down on rural people.
14: Her parents insisted that she studies hard for GCSE.
15: The doctor suggested that his patient does not stop smoking.
II: Mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the correct answer to each of the following s.
1: I enjoyed the movie very much. I wish I______the book from which it was made.
A. have read B. had read C. should have read D. am reading
2: You are late. If you______a few minutes earlier, you______him.
A. came/would meet B. had come/would have met C. come/will meet D. had come/would meet
3: I can’t stand him. He always talks as though he______everything.
A. knew B. knows C. has known D. had known
4: His doctor suggested that he______a short trip abroad.
A. will take B. would take C. take D. took
5: We might have failed if you______us a helping hand.
A. have not given B. would not give C. had not given D. did not give
6: The law requires that everyone__his car checked at least once a month. A. has B. have C. had D. will have
7: He was busy yesterday, otherwise he__to the meeting.
A. would come B. would have been C. could have been D. would be
8: If there were no subjunctive mood, English______much easier.
A. will be B. would have been C. could have been D. would be
9: I don't understand this point of grammar. I wish I______it better.
A. understood B. would understand C. had understood D. understand
10: It never stops raining here. I wish it______raining. A. stopped B. would stop C. had stopped D. stops
11: I should never have said that. I wish I______that.
A. didn't say B. wouldn't say C. hadn't said D. don’t say
12: I miss my friends. I wish my friends______here right now. A. were B. would be C. had been D. are
13: I speak English terribly. I wish I___English well. A. spoke B. would speak C. had spoken D. speaks
14: I cannot sleep. The dog next door is making too much noise. I wish it ______quiet.
A. kept B. would keep C. had kept D. will keep
15: -“What will you do during winter vacation?” -“I don’t know, but it’s about time______something.”
A. I decided B. I’ll decide C. I’d decided D. I’m deciding
16: He was very busy yesterday, otherwise, he______to your birthday party.
A. would come B. came C. would have come D. should come
17: The two strangers talked as if they__friends for years. A. should be B. had been C. have been D. were
18: It is about time you______harder for the next exam.
A. work B. are working C. worked D. have worked
19: The ceiling in this room doesn't look very safe. It looks as if it______down.
A. would fall B. falls C. is falling D. is going to fall
20: Team rules require that each player______responsible for memorizing one rule and then for teaching that rule to all
of the players. A. is B. was C. be D. were
III: Rewrite the following sentences
1: Please don’t tell anyone about it.=> I’d rather you____________
2: I would prefer you deliver the sofa this afternoon.=> I’d rather you_______________
3: “Why don’t you ask her yourself?”=> My friend suggests that___________
4: She urged her husband to apply for the post in the government.=> She urged that her husband____
5: They insisted on my coming early.=> They insisted that____________
6: An accountant has to master computer science.=> It is necessary that______________
7: It is time for us to leave now.=> It’s time we__________
8: What a pity! Your sister can’t come with us.=> If only____________
9: Everyone find it important for us to do something to save the environment.
=> It is important that we_________________________________________
10: Michael lost his job last month, so he couldn’t buy a car.=> If Michael_______
11: He regrets applying for the job in that company.=> He wishes__________________
12: The headmaster insists on every schoolgirl’s wearing Ao Dai every Monday.=> The headmaster insists
that___________
13: They advise her to eat less meat and fat to keep herself healthy.=> It is advisable that she__________
14: Naturally, a child had better respect his parents.=> It is natural that_________________
15: He needs to come to the interview early.=> It is necessary that___________________
IV: Give the correct forms of the verbs in the blankets.
1: Some managers require that the secretary (be)____responsible for writing all reports as well as for balancing the
books.
2: It is essential that cancer (diagnose)______and treated as early as possible in order to assure a successful cure.
3: It was suggested that Oscar (study)______the material more carefully before attempting to pass the exam.
4: It is imperative that a graduate student (maintain)______a grade point average of “B” in his major field.
5: It is necessary that one (meet)______with a judge before signing the final documents for a divorce.
6: I bet she wishes that she never (get)______involved in the whole mess.
7: I'd rather you (not say)______anything to John about this conversation.
8: I would rather you (not get)______to school so late last Tuesday.
9: I wish Paul worked as hard as Mary (do)______.
10: John left without a word. If only he (say)______something.
11: It has been raining for days now. I wish it (stop)______soon.
12: Frankness is a great thing, but I'd rather you (not repeat)______to Miss White what I think about her.
13: I left my office at four because I was sure Mr. Andrews wouldn't come. Now I wish I (wait)______for him.
14: I'm afraid very few people know about the concert and almost no one will come. If only the posters (hang)______on
time.
15: Jack, the security guard at the factory, wishes the robbery (not occur) ______on his shift.
16: The fans proposed that they (stand)______there when G-Dragon gets off the plane.
17: It is recommended the candidate (take)______as many IELTS mock tests as possible before going for the real exam,
which costs nearly $250.
18: The board of executives requested every employee (come)______to the meeting this weekend.
19: We suggested that you (admit)______to the organization.
20: It is imperative that you (be)______ready when the car comes for you.
 OPTION 5 UNIT 2 : URBANIZATION -VOCABULARY and READING
I. Give the correct form of the words in the following sentences.
1. Since the renovation policy launched in 1986, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam, has experienced the fastest 
_____ process. URBAN 
2. There has been a rapid _______ of rural people to urban areas for jobs and better living. MIGRATE 
3. Urbanization promotes foreign direct ____ which in turn helps in improving the foreign exchange reserves of the
country. INVEST
4. The support policies for social housing development in Vietnam remained ______ as only a few people were lucky
enough to be able to get access to preferential loans. EFFECT
5. Several international organizations want to invest in social ________ development for the youth in Vietnam. HOUSE 
6. At the moment, finding solutions for _______ urban development is one of Vietnam's current top priorities. SUSTAIN 
7. Urban __________ must rely on the rural hinterland for agricultural production. DWELL 
8. As the world continues to ____________________, sustainable development depends increasingly on the successful
management of urban growth. URBAN
9. A city that grows without these structures in place is at high risk for poverty and ______.STABLE
10. The disease is common in developing countries lacking adequate sewage and sanitation _____. FACILITATE
11. Some people worry that the city has become ____________________. POPULATE
12. Since the number of people aspiring for jobs is more than jobs available, _______ is a natural outcome of situation.
EMPLOY 
II. Indicate the word(s) CLOSEST in meaning to the underlined word(s) in each of the following questions.
1. People in the city of Porto Alegre in Brazil, famous for its participatory budgeting have a life expectancy of 76 years. 
A. anticipation B. suspense C. lifespan D. hopefulness
2. Bangalore was renowned for its trees, lakes and pleasant air only 25 years ago. 
A. proverbial B. notable C. distinguished D. famous 
3. Urbanization brings with it several consequences - both adverse and beneficial.
A. negative  B. favorable  C. advantageous D. preferential
4. After I had deleted several details in the report, I found out that they contained necessary information.
A. ignored B. described C. erased D. included
5 I just want to stay at home to watch TV and take it easy.
A. sleep B. sit down C. eat D. relax
III. Indicate the word(s) OPPOSITE in meaning to the underlined word(s) in each of the following questions.
1. This restaurant was highly recommended for good service, delicious food and kind-hearted boss.
A. ambitious and greedy  B. attentive and helpful  C. generous and gracious  D. polite and friendly
2. Many people move to urban areas seeking for job opportunity as well as stable employment. 
A. durable B. long-lasting C. steady D. temporary
3. Until 1986 most companies would not even allow women to take the exams, but such gender discrimination is now
disappearing.  A. unfairness B. injustice C. partiality D. equality
4. Without economic security and amid poor living conditions, crime is inevitable. 
A. assured B. compulsory C. inescapable D. preventable 
5. Many people move to urban areas seeking for job opportunity as well as stable employment.
A. temporary B. firm  C. steady  D. substantial
6. The absence of effective and representative government exacerbates urban environmental health problems.
A. aggravate B. heighten C. reduce  D. magnify
7. Most of the world's largest cities are considerably smaller by the year 2000 than had been expected. 
A. substantially B. slightly C. significantly D. greatly
8. She decided to remain celibate and devote her life to helping the homeless and orphans
A. divorced B. separated C. single D. married
IV,Rewrite the following sentences using the given suggestions
1. The urban population ratio rose steadily throughout the period.
 There………………………………………………………………………………..
2. There was a continuous fall in the rural population ratio during this 60-year period.
 The………………………………………………………………………………….
3. The urban population ratio rose from 25% to 45 % between 1950 and 1980.
 There………………………………………………………………………………..
4. From 1980 to 2010 there was a steady increase in the ratio of urban population.
  From 1980 to 2010, the…………………………………………………………….
5. The rural population ratio decreased by 50% from 1950 to 2010.
 There……………………………………………………………………………….
V . Mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the underlined part that needs correction in each of the following
questions.
1. Some managers require that the secretary is responsible for writing all reports as well as for balancing the
books.
2. It is essential that cancer is diagnosed and treated as early as possible in order to assure a successful cure.
3. It was suggested that Oscar studies the material more carefully before attempting to pass the exam.
4. It is imperative that a graduate student maintains a grade point average of “B” in his major field.
5. It is necessary that one met with a judge before signing the final documents for a divorce.
6. The famous Jim Thorpe won both the pantaloon or decathlon in the 1912 Olympic Games.
7. Knowledges about cultures provides insights into the learned behaviours of groups.
8. The most bulkiest of the poisonous snakes is the diamond backed rattler, which reaches 8 feet 8 inches long.
9. Trees are designed as neither hardwoods or softwoods.
10. Copper was the first metal used by man and is still of strong demand because it is a good conductor of
electricity.

OPTION 6 UNIT 2 : URBANIZATION - REVIEW

I.Choose one word whose underlined part is different from the others’
1: A. round B. ground C. shout D. touch
2: A. travelled B. behaved C. practised D. combined
3: A. threatened B. promised C. injured D. agreed
4: A. bread B. heat C. peak D. steal
5: A. performed B. discussed C. cancelled D. followed
6: A. leave B. teach C. speak D. learn
7: A. count B. doubt C. group D. sound
8: A. happened B. reduced C. survived D. bothered
9: A. deal B. teach C. break D. clean
10: A. supported B. approached C. noticed D. finished
11: A. laughs B. drops C. maintains D. imports
12: A. justice B. campus C. culture D. brush
13: A. wanted B. stopped C. decided D. hated
14: A. century B. culture C. secure D. applicant
15: A. finished B. developed C. defeated D. looked
III,Choose one word whose stress pattern is different
1.A. experience B. prosperous C. detective D. professor
2.A. presentation B. fluctuation C. sanitation D. urbanization
3.A. mindset B. stable C. survive D. progress
4.A. gradually B. apparent C. domestic D. congestion
5.A. agriculture B. overcrowded C. infrastructure D. unemployment
6:A. struggle B. anxious C. confide D. comfort
7:A. offer B. canoe C. country D. standard
8:A. pollution B. computer C. currency D. allowance
9:A. financial B. fortunate C. marvelous D. physical
10:A. prepare B. survive C. finish D. appeal
11:A. bamboo B. forget C. deserve D. channel
12:A. endanger B. furniture C. determine D. departure
13:A. teacher B. lesson C. action D. police
14:A. important B. happiness C. employment D. relation
15:A. possible B. cultural C. confident D. supportive
III. Mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the word(s) OPPOSITE in meaning to the underlined word(s) in each
of the following questions.
1. The organization's long-term goal is to gain a strong position in the European market.
A. short-sighted B. short-term C. short-handed D. short-tempered
2. The number of young people finding a part-time job in big cities has fluctuated over the past five years.
 A. increased B. decreased C. levelled out D. fell
3. More and more people are migrating to urban areas to look for better job opportunities.
A. crowded B. quiet C. rural D. spacious
4. Urbanization has resulted in massive problems besides the benefits.
A. major B. serious C. few D. minor
5. Overpopulation in big cities has severely affected the air and water quality.
A. seriously B. insignificantly C. largely D. commonly
IV. Mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the correct answer to each of the following questions.
1. It is desirable that the hotel manager ____ to call the maintenance staff every 6 months to clean up the air conditioners.
A. remember B. will remember C. must remember D. remembers
2. The Principal demanded that the heaters ____ immediately. Winter is coming!
A. are repaired B. be repaired C. were repaired D. repair
3. It's vital that the government ____ more on environmental issues.
A. focuses B. must focus C. should be focused D. focus
4. The boss insisted that Sam ____ at the meeting as he is too talkative for such a confidential project.
A. not be B. isn't C. was D. is
5. The fans proposed that they ____ there when G-Dragon gets off the plane.
A. be standing B. stood C. should have stood D. were standing
6. It is recommended the candidate ____ take as many IELTS mock tests as possible before going for the real exam,
which cost nearly $250.
A. takes B. should take C. must take D. will take
7. The board of executives requested every employee ____ to the meeting this weekend.
A. to come B. comes C. come D. must come
8. We suggested that you ____ to the organization.
A. be admitted B. admitted C. admit D. are admitted
9. It is imperative that you ____ ready when the car comes for you.
A. be B. will be C. getting D. are already
10. Olga recommends that his brother ____ the job without reading the work contract thoroughly.
A. should take B. can take on C. take D. not take
11. The doctor advised that the man ____ to a private room.
A. should transfer B. be transferred C. transfer D. must be transferred
12. The lawyer was insistent that the contract ____ in the presence of all the parties concerned.
A. sign B. should be signed C. must be signed D. were signed
13. These days, most young people would like to look for ____ the jobs rather than secure ones.
A. long-term B. well-paid C. fast-growing D. long-lasting
14. More and more people are moving to live in the city in search of better ____ prospects.
A. occupation B. job C. career D. work
15. People migrate to urban areas on a massive ____ for many reasons.
A. scale B. level C. extent D. number
V. Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the correct word or phrase that best fits
each of the numbered blanks.
New technology helped cities grow. Elevated trains carried passengers over (1) ____ streets. In 1887, the first (2)
____ streetcar system opened in Richmond, Virginia. Ten years later, the nation's first electric subway trains began
running beneath the streets of Boston.
Public transportation gave (3) ____ to suburbs, living areas on the outskirts of a city. People no longer had to live
in cities to work in cities. Steel bridges also (4) ____ suburban growth. The Brooklyn Bridge, completed in 1883, (5) ____
the city center in Manhattan to outlying Brooklyn. As a result, New York City was able to spread out to house its growing
population.
Cities began to (6) ____ upward as well as outward. In 1885, architects in Chicago constructed the first 10-story
building. People called it a “skyscraper” because its top seemed to touch the sky. By 1900, (7) ____ skyscrapers up to 30
stories high towered over cities. Electric elevators whisked office workers to the upper floors.
As cities grew outward from their old downtown sections, living patterns changed. Many cities took on a (8) ____
shape. Poor families crowded (9) ____ the oldest sections at the city's center. Middle-class people lived farther out in row
houses or new apartment buildings. The rich built fine homes on the (10) ____ of the city.
1. A. filled B. crowded C. crammed D. packed
2. A. electronic B. electrified C. electrocuted D. electric
3. A. rise B. raise C. place D. way
4. A. sped B. urged C. discouraged D. accelerated
5. A. related B. associated C. connected D. linked
6. A. expand B. extent C. lengthen D. widen
7. A. steel-framed B. steel-framing C. frame-steeled D. frame-steeling
8. A. alike B. same C. similar D. close
9. A. out of B. into C. at D. with
10. A. suburbs B. corners C. banks D. outskirts
VI. Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the correct answer to each of the
questions.
If “suburb” means an urban margin that grows more rapidly than its already developed interior, the process of
suburbanization began during the emergence of the industrial city in the second quarter of the nineteenth century. Before
that period the city was a small highly compact cluster in which people moved about on foot and goods were conveyed by
horse and cart. But the early factories built in the 1830's and 1840's were located along waterways and near railheads at
the edges of cities, and housing was needed for the thousands of people drawn by the prospect of employment. In time,
the factories were surrounded by proliferating mill towns of apartments and row houses that abutted the older, main cities.
As a defense against this encroachment and to enlarge their tax bases, the cities appropriated their industrial neighbors.
In 1854, for example, the city of Philadelphia annexed most of Philadelphia County. Similar municipal maneuvers took
place in Chicago and in New York. Indeed, most great cities of the United States achieved such status only by
incorporating the communities along their borders.
With the acceleration of industrial growth came acute urban crowding and accompanying social stress conditions
that began to approach disastrous proportions when, in 1888, the first commercially successful electric traction line was
developed. Within a few years the horse-drawn trolleys were retired and electric streetcar networks crisscrossed and
connected every major urban area, fostering a wave of suburbanization that transformed the compact industrial city into a
dispersed metropolis. This first phase of mass-scale suburbanization was reinforced by the simultaneous emergence of the
urban Middle class whose desires for homeownership in neighborhoods far from the aging inner city were satisfied by the
developers of single-family housing tracts.
1. Which of the following is the best title for the passage?
A. The growth of Philadelphia B. The Origin of the Suburb
C. The Development of City Transportation D. The Rise of the Urban Middle Class
2. The author mentions that areas bordering the cities have grown during periods of ____.
A. industrialization B. inflation C. revitalization D. unionization
3. The word "encroachment" is closest in meaning to ____.
A. the smell of the factories B. the growth of mill towns
C. the development of waterways D. the loss of jobs
4. Which of the following was NOT mentioned in the passage as a factor in nineteenth-century suburbanization?
A. Cheaper housing B. Urban crowding
C. The advent of an urban middle class D. The invention of the electric streetcar
5. It can be inferred from the passage that after 1890 most people traveled around cities by ____.
A. automobile B. cart C. horse-drawn trolley D. electric streetcar

OPTION 7 UNIT 3 :THE GREEN MOVEMENT- GRAMMAR

I: Decide if the following sentences are compound or complex.

1. The house was destroyed in the fire, but the whole family was saved.
2. Walking through the wood, he saw a fox that was following him.
3. If I do not get this job, I will start a business.
4. He said that he was so disappointed that he would not try again.
5. The men who rule the world with their pens are mightier than those who rule the world with their swords.
II: Decide whether the following sentences are simple, complex or compound.
1. We met rather few people who spoke English.
2. I have been on rather too many planes and trains recently.
3. We drove to the city two days ago.
4. I don't care how expensive it is.
5. Two minutes ago the child was fast asleep, but now he is wide awake.
III: Combine the following pairs of simple sentences into complex sentences.
1. Tim went to the movies. He had a lot of work to do.
2. John is a brilliant boy. He has won several honors.
3. Mike didn't get the job. He lacked the necessary qualifications.
4. Bill is a baseball player. He is known all over the world.
IV. Change the following complex sentences into compound sentences.
1. Although she is arrogant, I like her.
2. Though she is young, she is very responsible.
3. I helped him because I liked him.
4. He fed the cats before he went out.
5. Even though I had a bad headache, I enjoyed the party.
6. Although I missed the train, I managed to arrive on time.
7. When I opened my eyes, I saw a strange sight.
8. Though she is pretty she is not very popular.
V: Use "which" to combine the following sentences.
1. Tim is always late for class. This annoys the teacher.
2. You gave me this interesting book. Thank you very much for it.
3. Susan couldn't come to my birthday party. This made me sad.
4. We have lost her telephone number. This makes it difficult to contact her.
5. The problem has been discussed in class. We are interested in it.
VI: Change the following compound sentences into complex sentences.
1. He tried his best, but he didn't succeed.
2. The clown entered the circus ring and the children started clapping.
3. Take care of the pence and the pounds will take care of themselves.
4. You have to hurry or you will miss the bus.
5. The battle has been won but the war isn't over yet.
VII.: Mark the letter A, B, C or D to indicate the correct answer to each of the following questions.
1 : While they_____to Wyoming, their car ran out of gas.
A. drove B. had been driving C. have driven D. were driving
2 : Alice looked much slimmer because she_____for a few months.
A. had been dieting B. has been dieting C. was dieting D. diets
3 : When she’s done the ironing, she_____the length of the dress for me.
A. is altering B. altered C. will alter D. has altered
4 : You are too slow. I’m sure that by the time you phone them, they_____that car to someone else.
A. will sell B. will have sold C. are going to sell D. are selling
5 : As soon as they_____my last book, I_____you a copy with my autograph.
A. will print - will send B. had printed - will send C. printed - will be sending D. print - will send
6 : Because the children_____forward to seeing Harry Potter for so long, I took them even though it was really
inconvenient for me.
A. had been looking B. were looking C. have been looking D. looked
7 : When we_____at the airport we_____that we_____our passports at the office.
A. arrived - had noticed - had left B. arrived - noticed - had left
C. have arrived - noticed – left D. had arrived - have noticed - have left
8 : Generally he_____to work by car, but today he_____by bus because his car is in the garage.
A. went – went_____ B. was going - is going C. goes - is going D. has been going - goes
9 : He_____for over three hours when he finished the report.
A. will have typed B. was typing C. has been typing D. had been typing
10 : Three days ago her boyfriend_____her and she_____continually ever since.
A. left - is crying B. had left – cried C. left - has been crying D. had left - was crying
11 : This is the first customer we_____something today. A. have sold B. sold C. had sold D. were selling
12 : Andrew_____the plants in the garden right now but I_____sure that it will rain this afternoon.
A. is watering - was B. is watering - am C. waters - am D. watered - was
13 : She should have informed the police as soon as she_____that her purse had been stolen.
A. discovers B. would discover C. had discovered D. has discovered
14 : My father_____to rent a car when one of his friends phoned him to offer his own car for the trip.
A. had decided B. was deciding C. has decided D. decided
15 : When he_____he_____on a bed in a room with no windows.
A. had woken up - was lying B. woke up - was lying C. wakes up - is lying D. woke up - lay
16 : The teacher_____to the class before the students_____the problems.
A. will come back - have solved B. had come back – solved C. came back - have solved D. is coming back - solve
17 : Yesterday on TV they_____a heavy shower for today, but I_____ even a single drop yet.
A. announced - am not seeing B. announced - didn’t see C. have announced - haven’t seen D. announced - haven’t
seen
18 : You don’t have to worry about the children, they_____all about this by the end of the semester.
A. will be forgetting B. will have forgotten C. will forget D. are going to forget
19 : I’ve just noticed that she_____a haircut. It_____wonderful.
A. will have - has looked B. had had – looked C. has had - looks D. had - is looking
20 : While she_____for her sister outside the supermarket, someone _____her handbag.
A. had to wait - had stolen B. waited - had been stealing C. had waited - was stealing D. was waiting - stole

OPTION 8: REVIEW FOR THE MIDTERM TEST 1

I.Word form
1.Steve Jobs’s work stimulates my (create) and (innovate), while Michael Jackson’s music inspired
me to learn to play a (music) instrument.
2.The new album is one of his greatest _( achieve)_. It sold 50,000 copies just in the fi rst week.
3.Don’t allow other people to take advantage of your( generous) You should learn to give wisely
4. Since Larry Stewart’s (die) in 2007, his example has inspired others to continue his mission of (kind) and charitable
work.
5. Nguyen Trai was a talented (school)and a skilled (strategy).
6.I admire him for his (dedicate) to our nation.
7.Green technology uses (renew) resources that are never (deplete).
8.Some of the (participate) schools have also decided to use green cleaning product

II: Choose the word that has the stress differently from that of the other words.
1. A. authority B. disadvantage C. photographer D. relationship
2. A. combination B. satisfaction C. transportation D. necessary
3. A. hockey B. involve C. review D. select
4. A. defensive B. spectator C. technician D. wonderful
5. A. eleven B. example C. origin D. synthetic
6. A. exhaust B. expect C. extra D. except
7. A. discharge B. honey C. decide D. appoint
8. A. captain B. belong C. respect D. avoid
9. A. evaluate B. favorable C. convenient D. relationship
10. A. signature B. scholarship C. terminal D. transaction
III: Pick out the word whose underlined part is pronounced differently from that of the other words.
1. A. opportunity B. menu C. aptitude D. muscular
2. A. karate B. hazard C. glad D. blanket
3. A. master B. ask C. aspect D. castle
4. A. adult B. husband C. mutual D. culture
5. A. bound B. ground C. bounce D. cough
6. A. addition B. adventure C. advertise D. advantage
7. A. dealt B. dreamt C. steal D. jealous
8. A. fame B. change C. champagne D. blame
9. A. nourish B. enough C. courage D. encounter
10. A. use B. umbrella C. union D. unit
IV: Choose the best answer to complete each of the following sentences.
1. When I last saw him, he……………in London. A. has lived B. is living C. was living D. has been living
2. We……………Dorothy since last Saturday.
A. don't see B. haven't seen C. didn't see D. hadn't seen
3. The train……………half an hour ago.
 A. has been leaving B. left C. has left D. had left
4. Be careful! Jack……………the door. A. has just painted B. paint C. will have painted D. painting
5. My sister……………for you since yesterday. A. is looking B. was looking C. has been looking D. looked
6. I……………Texas State University now.
A. am attending B. attend C. was attending D. attended
7. He has been selling motorbikes ……. A. ten years ago B. since ten years C. for ten years ago D. for ten years
8. Christopher Columbus……………America more than 500 years ago.
A. discovered B. has discovered C. had discovered D. had been discovering
9. He fell down when he……………towards the church. A. run B. runs C. was running D. had run
10. We……………there when our father died. A. still lived B. lived still C. was still living D. were still living
11. It is necessary that the problem _______ solved right away. A. would be B. might be C. be D. is
12. I didn't go to the party yesterday, but I wish I _______ there.
A. was B. were C. had been D. went
13. I don't know the answer. I wish I _______ it. A. Know B. will know C. knew D. had known
14. I wish I _______ to the moon. A. can fly B. fly C. will fly D. could fly
15. He talks as if he _______ everything. A. Know B. knew C. has known D. will know fly
16. Without your help, we _______ such rapid progress.
A. don't make B. won't make C. wouldn't have made D. didn't make
17. If only I _______ you! A. could help B. can help C. will help D. help
18. It's high time we _______.A. leave B. left C. should leave D. are leaving
19. We all insisted that she _______ the meeting. A. attend B. attends C. attended D. would attend
20. He asked that the messaqe _______ to Mr. Mark as fast as possible.
A. take B. was taken C. be taken D. would take
21: Every morning, my father usually drinks several cups of tea, has a _____breakfast and then leads the buffalo to the
field.
A. quick B. quickly C. quickness D. quicker
22: Mr. Lam is a cycle driver in Ho Chi Minh City, who usually has a_____ working day.
A. business B. busy C. busily D. busying
23: The man_____about his son's travelling because there is so much traffic on the narrow and crowded way to school. A.
worrisome B. worrying C. worriment D. worries
24: He wants to learn English because it is an_____language.
A. internationally B. international C. internationalize D. internationalism
25: English is an effective means to understand other cultures, religions and _____in the world because most books about
these issues are in English.
A. civilizations B. civilians C. civilities D. civilizers
26: Filmmakers are maybe thinking about making money_____of bad effects on children.
A. disregard B. regardful C. regardless D. disregarding
27: At home, I don't have a cassette recorder to listen to my lessons; therefore I can't practice and have a good_____before
classes. A. preparative B. preparedly C. irreparable D. preparation
28: He usually avoids going to parties because he has_____remembering people's names.
A. troublesome B. trouble C. troubling____ _D, troubler
29: I stopped worrying about what people think about me and I tried to pay _____to what people were saying.
A. attention B. attentive C. attentiveness D. attentively
30: I was woken up_____by the sound of someone hammering on the front door.
A. suddenness B. sudden C. suddentive D. suddenly

OPTION 9: REVIEW FOR THE MIDTERM TEST 2

I. IDENTIFY MISTAKES
1. The man whom live next -door are Chinese.
2. A burglar is someone which breaks into a house and steals things.
3. The dictionary whom you gave me is very good.
4. She is one of the people which loves being a Math teacher.
5. The car whom the robbers escaped in was a Lamborghini.
6. He wore a mask whom made him look like Doraemon.
7. Did you see the beautiful dress whom she wore yesterday?
8.It never snows here in Christmas.
9.The country looks beautiful on spring.
10.He has learned the whole poem at heart.
II. Mark the letter A, B, C or D to indicate the correct response to each of the following exchanges.
1. Have you decided who to talk about?
A. I see. I will talk to him. B. Let's talk about your study.
C. I need to talk to you now. D. Not yet. I am still considering.
2. What do you think about Steve Jobs?
A. That's right! B. I doubt it. It is not true.
C. Well, he is talented. D. I agree with you about him.
3. Good luck to you in your exam!
A. Thank you! Same to you. B. Yeah. That's the one.
C. Well, I'll see. D. Don't worry! I'll be fine.
4. What a wonderful party!
A. I am fine. Thank you! B. I don't know. Let me check.
C. I am happy you like it. D. Same to you. Thanks!
5. Mark: "How do you do?" Jenny: “____”
A. I'm well. Thank you. B. How do you do? C. Not too bad. D. Yeah, OK.
6. Mark: “____” Jenny: "I think there are various reasons."
A. Do you mind if I think about reasons for urbanization?
B. I'd like to invite you to think about reasons for urbanization.
C. What do you think about reasons for urbanization?
D. Would you mind thinking about the reasons for urbanization?
7. Jenny: "I think higher living standard is one of the reasons that many people want to be a city dweller."
Mark: “____” A. I couldn't agree more. B. It's nice of you to say so.
C. That's quite all right. D. Why not?
8. Anna: "Personally, I love peaceful and quiet life in rural areas." Jenny: “____”
A. Neither do I. B. No, I won't. C. So do I. D. Yes, I like it.
9. Anna: "In my opinion, some people should stay in rural areas as well as work on agriculture."
Mark: “____” A. I'm not afraid I don't agree. B. I'm not sure about that.
C. I'm so sorry, but I agree. D. Not at all, thanks.
10. Mark: “Let's collect information and then create the PowerPoint slides.”
Jenny: "Oh, ____? A. good idea. B. I don't. C. I need it. D. why is that?
III: Rewrite the following sentences with the words given:
1. 1.Minh last wrote to his pen pal five months ago.
 Minh hasn’t …………
2. The last time we visited Kuala Lumpur was 3 years ago.
 I haven’t ……
3. They began building this house 2 months ago
 They have ……………………
4. My father started to work in this factory last week
 My father has …………
5. He started living in Ho Chi Minh city when he was 8
 He has ……
6. He learnt English when he was 18
 He has …………………………
7. We have learnt English for four years
We started.............................
8. After he had bought the ticket he went to the cinema.
 Before he …………………………………..
9. Before she went to work she had eaten breakfast.
 After she ………………………………………………..
10. Jack left the office before I arrived.
 When……………………………….
11. During lunch, someone rang the bell.
 While I……………………………………
 12. He did all his work and then he went home.
 After………………………………..

IV. Choose the best answer

1. The last time when I saw her was three years ago.
A. I have often seen her for the last three years. B. About three years ago, I used to meet her.
C. I have not seen her for three years. D. I saw her three years ago and will never meet her again.
2. .They last visited me five years ago.
A. They haven't visited me for a long time. C. I haven't been visited for a long time.
B. They have known me for five years. D. They haven't visited me for five years.
3. I haven't visited the museum for three months.
A.It is three months since I have visited the museum. B.I didn't visit the museum three months ago.
C. The last time I had visited the museum was three months ago. D. It is three months since I visited the museum.
4. . "John began playing the piano 10 years ago"
A. John played the piano 10 years ago. C. John has played the piano for 10 years.
B. John used to play the piano 10 years ago. D. John doesn't play the piano anymore
5. . The last time I saw her was a week ago. .
A. I haven't seen her for a week. C. I haven't seen her since a week.
B. I have seen her for a week. D. I have seen her since a week.
6. . My father hasn’t smoked cigarettes for a month.
A. It’s a month since my father last smoked cigarettes. B. It’s a month ago that my father smoked cigarettes.
C. It’s a month that my father hasn’t smoked cigarettes. D. It’s a cigarette that my father smoked a month ago.
7. . Mr. Brown bought this car five years ago.
A. Mr. Brown started to buy this car five years ago. B. It has been five years when Mr. Brown bought this car
C. Mr. Brown has had this car for five years. D. It is five years ago since Mr. Brown bought this car.
8. . I haven’t enjoyed myself so much for years.
A. It’s years since I enjoyed myself so much. B. It’s years since I have enjoyed myself so much.
C. It was years since I had enjoyed myself so much. D. It has been years since I have enjoyed myself so much.
9. . It’s a long time since we last went to the cinema.
A. We have been to the cinema for a long time. B. We haven’t been to the cinema for a long time.
C. We don’t go to the cinema as we used to. D. We wish we went to the cinema now.
10. . The last time I saw Rose was three years ago.
A. I didn’t see Rose for three years. B. I haven’t seen Rose three years ago.
C. I haven’t seen Rose since three years. D. I haven’t seen Rose for three years.
11. Michael took a deep breath and dived into the water.
A. After Michael had taken a deep breath, he dived into the water.
B. Having taken a deep breath, Michael dived into the water.
C. After Michael took a deep breath, he had dived into the water.
D. A & B are correct.
12. Someone knocked on the door during my lunchtime.
A. I had lunch when someone knocked on the door. B. When I had had lunch, someone knocked on the door.
C. I was having lunch when someone was knocking on the door. D. 1 was having lunch when someone knocked on the
door.

V.Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct word or
phrase that best fits each of the numbered blanks
The United States of America, due to its immense size and diverse heritage, has one of the most complex cultural
identities in the world. Millions of immigrants from all over the globe have journeyed to America (1) ______ the
Europeans discovered and colonised the land back in the 17th and 18th centuries. The blending of cultural (2) ______ and
ethnicities in America led to the country becoming known as a “melting pot.” As the third largest country in both area and
population, America’s size has enabled the formation of subcultures within the country. These subcultures are often
geographical as a result of settlement (3) ______ by non-natives as well as regional weather and landscape differences.
While there are countless ways to divide the U.S. into regions, here we have referenced the four regions that are West,
Midwest, North East and South. People from (4) ______ region may have different lifestyles, cultural values, business
practices and dialects. While there are qualities and values (5) ______ most Americans commonly share, it is important
not to generalise or assume that all Americans think or act the same way.
 (Adapted from https://www.londonschool.com/)
1. A. because B. as C. for D. since
2. A. backgrounds B. reference C. expression D. importance
3. A. chapter B. revenue C. patterns D. unions
4. A. each B. other C. all D. another
5. A. when B. that C. why D. who

VI.Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to
each of the questions
There was a man who had four sons. He wanted his sons to learn not to judge things too quickly. So he sent them
each on a quest, in turn, to go and look at a pear tree that was a great distance away. The first son went in the winter, the
second in the spring, the third in summer, and the youngest son in the fall. When they had all gone and come back, he
called them together to describe what they had seen.
The first son said that the tree was ugly, bent, and twisted. The second son said no – it was covered with green buds and
full of promise. The third son disagreed, he said it was laden with blossoms that smelled so sweet and looked so beautiful,
it was the most graceful thing he had ever seen. The last son disagreed with all of them; he said it was ripe and drooping
with fruit, full of life and fulfilment.
The man then explained to his sons that they were all right, because they had each seen but one season in the tree’s life.
He told them that you cannot judge a tree, or a person, by only one season, and that the essence of who they are – and the
pleasure, joy, and love that come from that life – can only be measured at the end, when all the seasons are up. If you give
up when it’s winter, you will miss the promise of your spring, the beauty of your summer, fulfilment of your fall.
Don’t judge a life by one difficult season. Don’t let the pain of one season destroy the joy of all the rest.
(source: https://www.beliefnet.com)
Question 1: Which best serves as the title for the passage?
A. The Seasons of Life B. The Observation of a Tree
C. Father and Four Sons D. Love all the Seasons in a Year
Question 2: According to the paragraph 2, what did the second son see in his turn?
A. The tree was gloomy, withered and crooked.
B. The tree was in buds and teeming with vigor.
C. The tree was blossoming and gave off a sweet scent.
D. The tree was bountifully fruitful, brimming with life force.
Question 3: The word “laden” in paragraph 2 is closest in meaning to __________.
A. loaded B. decorated C. enhanced D. given
Question 4: The word “they” in paragraph 3 refers to __________.
A. the four sons B. green buds
C. trees, people D. the pleasure, joy and love
Question 5: According to the paragraph 4, what is the lesson the father wanted to impart to his children?
A. Moral lessons can come from the most unexpected and ordinary things.
B. No matter what season it is outside, you always have to cherish it.
C. The old age of humans is similar to the winter of nature.
D. Persevere through the difficulties and better times are sure to come sometime sooner or later.

OPTION 10 UNIT 3 :THE GREEN MOVEMENT -VOCABULARY-

I. Find the word which has a different sound in the part underlined. 
1. A. illegal B. climatic C. benefit D. bioclimatic
2. A. researcher B. energy  C. number D. death
3. A. arrested B. estimated C. claimed D. penetrated
4. A. revolution B. election C. interrogation D. question
5. A. rehear B. appear C. realize  D. peace 
II. Choose the word which has a different stress pattern from the others. 
1. A. attitude B. infamously C. geneticist D. socialist
2. A. preference B. attraction C. advantage D. infinitive
3. A. interview B. essential C. comfortable D. industry
4. A. situation B. interrogation C. conservation D. coalition
5. A. difficult B. simplicity C. discovery D. commodity 
 III . Give the correct form of the words in the following sentences.
1. Rooftop gardens prevent buildings from absorbing heat from the sun, which can _______________________
reduce cooling bills. SIGNIFICANT
2. Solar radiation can be ____________________ either into thermal energy (heat) or into electrical energy, though the
former is easier to accomplish. CONVERSION
3. The doctor said the vitamin would ____________________ my calcium deficiency. REPLENISHING
4. Nick left the house and strolled down the ____________________ to the garden. PATH 
5. If we continue to ____________________ our natural resources, our children will pay the price. DEPLETATION
6. Do you know the oldest type of ______________ energy is the biomass that is derived from plant matter? SUSTAIN
7. When hiking in the wilderness, it is important to properly __________ of anything you can't pack out. DISPOSABLE
8. We buy ______ food at the farmers' market. It costs a little bit more, but we think it's better for our health. ORGAN
9. Jane Goodall studied chimpanzees for many years in their native __________________ in Africa. HABITATION 
10. ____________________ is the protection of things found in nature. CONSERVE 
IV. Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the correct word or phrase that best
fits each of the numbered blanks.
A NEW APPROACH TO DESIGNING BUILDINGS
Some experts fear that many people are becoming overweight. Adults are encouraged to exercise for a minimum
of thirty minutes, five times a week, and the average person is (1) ____ to take 10,000 steps per day to maintain basic (2)
____, but it is a fact that few office workers manage to take more than 5,000.
Now architects have (3) ____ 'fit' office buildings which encourage employees to become healthier because they
have to walk while they are at work. In these buildings, meeting rooms and car parks are placed a long way from office
desks so that workers have to walk to (4) ____ them. In one building the cafe is (5) ____ in the furthest section so that
some workers have to walk as (6) ____ as half a kilometer to and from lunch. There is special emphasis on (7) ____
people to use stairs instead of lifts, and long staircases are broken into flights of no more than nine stairs, so that they don't
look so difficult to climb. There are also large windows which provide attractive (8) ____over the city. (9) ____, the lifts
are not easy to get access to, and in some buildings, they only stop at one floor in three.
It's a design policy for a fitter environment which encourages people to walk without making it appear to be (10)
____ work - but will it be successful? Only time will tell.
1. A. recommended B. suggested C. proposed D. approved
2. A. condition B. fitness C. shape D. size
3. A. invented B. modelled C. schemed D. designed
4. A. arrive B. get C. reach D. come
5. A. located B. settled C. discovered D. set
6. A. well B. far C. soon D. little
7. A. making B. letting C. persuading D. bringing
8. A. looks B. sights C. pictures D. views
9. A. On the other hand B. Although C. In spite of D. So that
10. A. tough B. difficult C. hard D. bad
V. Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the correct answer to each of the
questions.
After years of hype and false starts, the shift to clean power has begun to accelerate at a pace that has taken the
most experienced experts by surprise. Even leaders in the oil and gas sector have been forced to confront an existential
question: will the 21st century be the last one for fossil fuels?
It is early, but the evidence is mounting. Wind and solar parks are being built at unprecedented rates, threatening
the business models of established power companies. Electric cars that were hard to even buy eight years ago are selling at
an exponential rate, in the process driving down the price of batteries that hold the key to unleashing new levels of green
growth.
“This clean energy disruption has just started and what is striking is how much of a financial impact it is already
having on some companies,” says Per Lekander, a portfolio manager at London's Lansdowne Partners hedge fund, who
has tracked global energy markets for more than 25 years.
“It hit the electricity sector first, in Europe in 2013 and then the US two years later. Now it has spread to the auto
sector and I think the oil industry is next.”
The shift has come as increased government efforts to curb climate change and smog have driven down costs and
spurred technical advances, creating a green energy industry that looks nothing like it did a decade ago: expensive and
sluggish.
 Today, China and India have picked up the baton and are driving a sector that has spread to every continent. The
result was a banner year for green energy in 2016.
1. It is stated in the passage that in the past, green energy ____.
A. used internationally with great efficacy B. received huge investment from goverment
C. was disfavoured at the beginning D. was the main sources of energy using by humans
2. The fear of leaders from oil and gas sector company comes from ____.
A. the likelihood of fossil fuel to exhaust by the end of the 21st century
B. the sufficiency of enerygy produced by green power
C. the changes in manufacturing oil and gas
D. green power companies enjoying huge investment from the government
3. The price of electric cars has been ____.
A. rising rapidly B. increasing steadily C. falling exponentially D. fluctuating wildly
4. In which year was the electricity sector in US hit by the use of green energy?
A. 2013 B.2014 C. 2015 D. 2016
5. The word "sluggish" is closest in meaning to ____.
A. inactive B. developed C. promising D. ineffective

OPTION 11 UNIT 3 :THE GREEN MOVEMENT - REVIEW

I. Mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the word that differs from the other three in the position of primary
stress in each of the following questions.
1. A. lifestyle B. product C. friendly D. campaign
2. A. natural B. disposal C. habitat D. neighborhood
3. A. technology B. conservation C. initiative D. environment
4. A. deplete B. delay C. climate D. remove
5. A. clutter B. pathway C. asthma D. effect
II. Mark the letter A, B, C, or D indicate the word whose underlined part differs from the other three in
pronunciation in each of the following questions.
1. A. carbon B. environment C. respiratory D. disposal
2. A. emission B. pesticide C. surface D. soot
3. A. damage B. regional C. growing D. energy
4. A. depleted B. wasted C. reduced D. affected
5. A. width B. healthy C. breathing D. throat
III.Word form:
1. Black carbon is one of the very dangerous ……………that many people are not aware of. (pollute)
2. New …………………….….….friendly vehicles are expected to be invented soon to help solve the problem of air
pollution in our city. (environment)
3. Their suggestion is that you should stop using ……………………chemicals for cleaning. (hazard)
4. Illegal …………………….is strictly prohibited in their town, which has contributed a lot to the success of their Go
Green Campaign. (dump)
5. Hopefully many disadvantages of renewable resources will be successfully removed through …………………….
development and research. (technology)
6. Your rice field is more _____________ than ours. (produce)
7. There are a lot of _____________ differences in England. (region)
8. Every ______________ in science helps you gain new knowledge. (succeed)
9. She is so busy with ______________ activities that she has no time for entertainment. (society)
IV.Mark the letter A, B, C or D to indicate the correct answer to each of the following questions.
1. The council wants to ____ the character of the city while reconstructing the Old Quarter.
A. preserve B. store C. defense D. abandon
2. Heavy traffic ____ us so we came to the meeting rather late.
A. promoted B. arrested C. canceled D. delayed
3. ____ the wild, giant pandas eat bamboo.
A. On B. Into C. Onto D. In
4. This species of African elephants is ____.
A. dying out B. dying of C. dying on D. dying down
5. ____ is wiping out many kinds of plants and animals.
A. Defoliation B. Deforestation C. Deformation D. Degradation
6. The tiger is ____ of extinction. It is difficult to find them in the wild.
A. on the wing B. on the rocks C. on the verge D. on the ground
7 Switching to ____ eco light bulb is one way to protect the environment.
A. energy-wasting B. energy-expending C. energy-lacking D. energy-saving
8. ____ batteries or solar chargers are some of the solutions to the lack of energy.
A. Rechargeable B. Reversible C. Repeatable D. Returnable
9. Nowadays, people are searching for more ____ materials to build their houses.
A. environment-friendly B. environmentally-friendly
C. environmental-friendly D. environmental-friend
10. Every ____ piece of equipment was sent to the fire.
A. consumable B. spendable C. available D. disposable
11. In Singapore, people try to ____ 80% of all waste.
A. reprocess B. reclaim C. recycle D. reuse
12. We need to act quickly to ____ to climate change, or it will be a disaster for the whole planet.
A. adapt B. go back C. reverse D. transit
13. There is little ____ of things improving soon.
A. probability B. probably C. probable D. probabilities
14. ____ he was waiting for Sam outside the cinema, Jim realized that the street was funnily crowded.
A. So B. While C. Unless D. Even though
15. I didn't meet him right away ____ he had to talk to his boss first.
A. while B. if C. because D. or
16. There wasn't a chair for the headmaster, ____ is a big problem.
A. what B. which C. that D. where
17. We can leave ____ you are ready.
A. whatever B. whoever C. whenever D. whichever
18. I like swimming ____ my sister likes jogging and dancing.
A. whereas B. when C. whenever D. so
V. Mark the letter A, B, C or D to indicate the word(s) CLOSEST in meaning to the underlined word(s) in each of the
following questions.
1. For environmental safety, we need to find ways to reduce emission of fumes and smoke of factories.
A. leak B. release C. poison D. pollutant
2. Nylon is a man-made fibre, the use of which has helped more people to have cheaper and more colourful clothes to
wear.
A. natural B. plastic C. synthetic D. artificial
3. The advances of commercial airplanes resulted in a shrinking world.
A. decreasing B. reduced C. smaller D. compressing
4. We have to suffer from traffic congestion and pollution every day.
A. accident B. fullness C. mass D. crowd
5. We can protect many species by keeping them in wildlife reserves.
A. protected land B. saved land C. park D. Zoo
6. Scientists are trying to find an energy that consumes less fuel.
A. waste B. destroy C. eat up D. use
7. Modern buildings are designed to maximize natural light.
A. absorb B. increase C. let D. diminish
8. It's wise to use local fresh produce which is in season.
A. cars B. restaurants C. crops D. water
VI. Mark the letter A, B, C or D to indicate the correct answer to each of the following questions.
INTERFERING WITH NATURE
Climate change is caused by the (1) ____ high levels of dangerous chemicals in the atmosphere, particularly
carbon dioxide. It is estimated that average global temperatures will rise (2) ____ between two and six degrees by the end
of this century. We all know the effects could be catastrophic, but are we (3) ____ of the
possible solutions?
Crazy as it sounds, a group of academics from British universities is making a plan to build a 12-mile pipe, held
up by a huge balloon, that would pump (4) ____ quantities of toxic chemicals, such as Sulphur dioxide, into the
atmosphere. Surprisingly, there is good science behind the idea. The chemicals would form a (5) ____ layer around the
Earth that would reflect sunlight and so cool the earth, much like the effects of a volcanic eruption.
1. A. absolutely B. extremely C. interestingly D. repeatedly
2. A. by B. with C. for D. in
3. A. able B. capable C. aware D. fond
4. A. great B. enormous C. extreme D. absolute
5. A. protecting B. protected C. protective D. protection
VII. Read the passage, and choose the correct answer A, B, C or D for each question.
Although noise, commonly defined as unwanted sound, is a widely recognized form of pollution, it is very
difficult to measure because the discomfort experienced by different individuals is highly subjective and therefore,
variable. Exposure to lower levels of noise may be slightly irritating, whereas exposure to higher levels may actually
cause hearing loss. Particularly in congested urban areas, the noise produced as a by-product of our advancing technology
causes physical and psychological harm, and detracts from the quality of life for those who are exposed to it.
Unlike the eyes, which can be covered by the eyelids against strong light, the ear has no lid, and is therefore,
always open and vulnerable; noise penetrates without protection
Noise causes effects that the hearer cannot control and to which the body never becomes accustomed. Loud noises
instinctively signal danger to any organism with a hearing mechanism, including human beings. In response, heartbeat and
respiration accelerate, blood vessels constrict, the skin pales, and muscles tense. In fact, there is a general increase in
functioning brought about by the flow of adrenaline released in response to fear, and some of these responses persist even
longer than the noise, occasionally as long as thirty minutes after the sound has ceased.
Because noise is unavoidable in a complex, industrial society, we are constantly responding in the same way that
we would respond to danger. Recently, researchers have concluded that noise and our response may be much more than
an annoyance. It may be a serious threat to physical and psychological health and well-being, causing damage not only to
the ear and brain but also to the heart and stomach. We have long known that hearing loss is America's number one
nonfatal health problem, but now we are learning that some of us with heart disease and ulcers may be victims of noise as
well. Fetuses exposed to noise tend to be overactive, they cry easily and they are more sensitive to gastrointestinal
problems after birth. In addition, the psychic effect of noise is very important. Nervousness, irritability, tension, and
anxiety increase affecting the quality of rest during sleep, and the efficiency of activities during waking hours, as well as
the way that we interact with each other.
1. Which of the following is the author's main point? 
A. Hearing loss is America's number one nonfatal health problem. B. Loud noises signal danger.
C. Noise may pose a serious threat to our physical and psychological health,  D. The ear is not like the eye.
2. According to the passage, what is noise? 
A. A byproduct of technology B. Physical and psychological harm C. Congestion  D. Unwanted sound
3. Why is noise difficult to measure? 
A. All people do not respond to it in the same way. B. It causes hearing loss.
C. It is unwanted.  D. People become accustomed to it.
4. The word congested in paragraph 1 could best be replaced by ____.
A. hazardous B. crowded  C. polluted  D. rushed 
5. The word it in the end of the first paragraph refers to ____.
A. The quality of life B. our advancing technology C. the noise D. physical and psychological harm
6. Look at the verb accelerate in paragraph 3. Which of the following is the closest meaning to it?
A. cease B. rise C. swell D. increase
7. It can be inferred from this passage that the eye ____.
A. responds to fears B. enjoys greater protection than the ear C. increases function D. is damaged by noise

OPTION 12 UNIT 4: THE MASS MEDIA- GRAMMAR

I.: Put the verbs in brackets in the correct tense- Past simple, past continuous or past perfect.
1. After they _______ (have) a cup of tea, they _______ (have) some cake.
2. They _______ (buy) this flat two years ago.
3. When I _______ (watch) TV, the lights _______ (go) out.
4. He _______ (tell) me that he _______ (see) a lion.
5. He _______ (go) to France last year.
6. After he _______ (call) the police, he _______ (call) the ambulance.
7. She _______ (wash) her hair when her baby _______ (start) to cry.
8. After he _______ (work) hard, he _______ (feel) ill.
9. He _______ (leave) the room after I _______ (explain) all the facts.
10. After he _______ (find) the key, he _______ (open) the door.
11. While he _______ (play) computer games, she _______ (read).
12. They _______ (sell) everything before they _______ (move) to Glasgow.
13. He _______ (visit) me yesterday evening.
14. When I _______ (clean) the room, Mary _______ (come) home.
15. After he _______ (finish) school, he _______ (start) to work in a factory.
II. Choose the best answer.
1.When I arrived at the party, Martha ________ home already. a. went b. have gone c. had gone d. would go
2.It was the most interesting film I __________.a. never saw b. have ever seen c. had ever seen d. ever saw
3.The man sitting next to me on the plane was nervous because he _______ before.
a. hasn’t flown b. didn’t fly c. hadn’t flown d. wasn’t flying
4.Karen didn’t want to come to the cinema with us because she _______ the film.
a. has already seen b. already had seen c. had already seen d. saw
5.Up to then, I ________ such a big fire.
a. have never seen b. had never seen c. never saw d. never see
6.When I arrived home my father wasn’t there. He ________ out.
a. went b. has gone c. had gone d. was going
7. Sarah started studying Spanish ________ .
a. for two years b. since 2005 c. two years ago d. a & b
8.When the boss _______, the meeting ________ .
a. arrived/ has been beginning b. arrived/ has begun c. was arriving/ had begun d. arrived/ had begun
9.I haven’t come back to the village where I was born _______ a long time.
a. during b. since c. ago d. for
10.The streets _______ wet yesterday because it ______ early in the morning.
a. had been/ rained b. were/ rained c. had been/ had rained d. were/ had rained
11. Peter ______ his homework when the phone _______ .
a. had just finished/ rang b. had just finished/ had rung c. just finished/ rang d. just finished/ had rung
12.I ______ no difficulty in learning English since I _______ to learn it 6 years ago.
a. have had/ began b. had had/ begin c. had/ has begun d. am having/ begin
13.At the moment John _______ his new car. He ______ his car on Sundays.
a. is washing/ often washes b. was washing/ has often washed
c. has washed/ is often washing d. washes/ often washed
14. We ______ them before the reception yesterday.
a. haven’t met b. hadn’t met c. didn’t meet d. wouldn’tmeet
15.We had just got out of the car when it _____ to set fire.
a. has begun b. had begun c. was beginning d. began
16.When Martin _____ the car, he took it out for a drive.
a. was rrpairing b. has repaired c. had repaired d. repaired
17.The man got out of the car, ______ round to the back and opened the boot.
a. walking b. walked c. walks d. walk
18. I haven’t heard from Maria ______ .
a. since many months before b. for many months c. for many months ago d. since a long time
19.He said that he ______ badly sick since he returned from abroad.
a. was b. has been c. had been d. would be
20.Did you say that you _______ here only three days ago?
a. were coming b. had come c. have come d. come
III.Pronunciation
1. A. worked B. shopped C. missed D. displayed
2. A. coughed B. cooked C. melted D. mixed
3. A. signed B. profited C. attracted D. naked
4. A. walked B. hundred C. fixed D. coughed
5. A. watched B. practiced C. introduced D. cleaned
6. A. passed B. stretched C. comprised D. washed
7. A. tested B. clapped C. planted D. demanded
8. A. intended B. engaged C. phoned D. enabled
9. A. married B. sniffed C. booked D. coughed
10. A. smiled B. denied C. divorced D. agreed
IV: Choose the best answer.
1. He has decided not to apply _______ that job he saw advertised. A. for B. to C. on D. of
2. They discussed _______ many important questions during the meeting. A. to B. on C. no preposition D about
3. Tom likes his job but he doesn't talk _______ it much. A. of B. about C. no preposition D. for
4. Nam is so selfish. He doesn't care _______ anyone except himself. A. of B. about C. for D. in
5. I looked _______ my books everywhere but I couldn't find them anywhere. A. at B. up C. after D. for
6. My father cared _______ my mother when she was sick. A. to B. for C. on D. in
7. Do you believe _______ ghosts? A. in B. of C. about D. on
8. What were they arguing _______? A. at B. about C. of D. in
9. The IT specialists apologised _______ being late because of the heavy traffic. A. for B. in C. of D. about
10. I talked _______ her about this matter. A. for B. of C. about D. to
11. My husband specializes _______ computer software. A. for B. about C. in D.of
12. The course in this school appeals _______ me the most. A. by B. on C. to D. of
13. He's always boasting _______ the one time he was on TV! A. about B. on C. at D. for
14. Poor Linda! She suffers _______ migraine headaches. A. to B. at C. for D. from
15. How are you feeling? Have you recovered _______ your operation yet? A. from B. to C. on D. at

OPTION 13 UNIT 4: THE MASS MEDIA -VOCABULARY-READING

I.Word form
1. Many shops in Vietnam are now using Facebook to advertise for their products, because of its
and convenience. (EFFICIENT)
2. There is a strong causal between youth exposure to violence in the media and violent or
aggressive behavior and thoughts. (CONNECT)
3. A large number of teenagers are to online games. They spend many hours sitting with a
computer or smartphone. (ADDICT)
4. Before introducing a website, it is important for teachers to determine whether or not the site leads to any on
the students' engagement and achievement
(IMPACT)
5. Online newspapers gain a lot of profits from the of different companies. (ADVERTISE)
6. Before a radio show, the radio host has to review it multiple times for any possible errors.
(BROADCAST)
7. It is better to develop a(n) museum where children can actively manipulate the exhibits.
(INTERACT)
8. Thanks to free audio or video social media communication expenses have reduced a great deal.
(APPLY)
9. Many websites require their users' as a member before downloading documents for free.
(SUBSCRIBE)
10. Facebook the free time of many people, especially students, which also exerts negative effects on
their physical development. (DOMINATE)

II. Mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the word that differs from the other three in the position of primary
stress in each of the following questions.
1 A broadcast B. advert C. amuse D. instant
2. A. educate B. entertain C. influence D. consider
3. A. regard B. service C. impact D. programme
4. A. popular B. media C. creative D. audience
5. A. introduce B. develop C. invented D. addicted
III. Mark the letter A, B, C, or D indicate the word whose underlined part differs from the other three in
pronunciation in each of the following questions.
1. A. developed B. introduced C. influenced D. raised
2. A. bully B. introduce C. amuse D. distribute
3. A reduced B. addicted C. distributed D. deleted
4. A. social B. influential C. finish D. mass
5. A. chanced B. believed C. announced D. finished
IV. Mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the word(s) SIMILAR in meaning to the underlined word(s) in each of
the following questions.
1. The public health infrastructure of this country is poorly prepared for the emerging disease problems of a rapidly
changing world.
A. widespread B. appearing C. serious D. minor
2. Congestion charging is a unique experiment that other UK cities are watching with interest; no other policies receive
such public notice.
A. normal B. formal C. original D. compulsory
3. It was the advent of television which really transformed sportsmen.
A. coming B. going C. increase D. falling
4. Unemployment and inner city decay are inseparable issues which must be tackled together.
A. loosely related B. closely related C. completely different D. quite similar
5. Educators are complaining that students rely on social media so much that they lose the ability to think critically.
A. depend on B. decide on C. insist on D. appear on
V. Mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the correct answer to each of the following questions.
1. The teacher suspected the student ____ cheating on the test.
A. of B. in C. about D. on
2. You really shouldn't boast ____ your success ____ other people on social media.
A. with / to B. of / to C. about / at D. over / to
3. I don't know why you insist ____ blaming me ____ all my troubles
A. on / for B. in / for C. at / on D. over / for
4. You shouldn't rely ____ getting assistance from Frank.
A. at B. in C. on D. about
5. Mr. Green always worries ____ losing his position.
A. in B. at C. on D. about
6. Our boss objects ____ using any different methods.
A. of B. to C. with D. over
7. My father doesn't approve ____ studying late at night.
A. of B. with C. on D. about
8. Forgive me ____ using these taboo words.
A. of B. for C. with D. on
9. Why are you laughing ____ me?
A. of B. over C. to D. at
10. I don't want to argue ____ you ____ that matter at this time.
A. at / over B. with / at C. with / about D. on / about
11. Terry always depends ____ his brother for assistance.
A. on B. in C. at D. of
12. Josh ____ televisions for 4 hours since he arrived home.
A. has watched B. has been watching C. watched D. had been watching
13. So far Tina ____ in several movies already. It is just the matter of time before she becomes famous.
A. appeared B. has appeared C. has been appearing D. was appearing
14. The book is so engaging that my sister ____ it for hours the minute she got it from the library.
A. had read B. has read C. has been reading D. had been reading
15. Christine ____ in London for a few years before she moved to Ireland.
A. has lived B. lived C. has been living D. was living
16. The benefits of the Internet of social media are ____.
A. enormous B. huge C. large D. gigantic
17. It is quite ____ of young people to vent their anger on social media.
A. characteristic B. habitual C. customary D. regular
18. Digital media have a great ____ on people's lives and society.
A. decision B. dependence C. opinion D. influence
19. Mass media have proven to be a(n) ____ part of people's lives as hardly anyone can live without them.
A. unique B. popular C. diverse D. inseparable
20. Red is usually the ____ colour in his paintings.
A. dominant B. visible C. fading D. often
21. Most people rely ____ on the mass media as their main source of information.
 A. increasingly B. heavily C. remarkably D. considerably
VI. Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the correct word or phrase that best
fits each of the numbered blanks.
THE POPULARITY OF TEXT MESSAGING
Why is text messaging so popular, especially with young people? There are two main reasons. One is cost, as
many teenagers have to use pay-as-you-go mobile tariffs (1) ____ of contracts, and so it is cheaper to send a text message
than (2) ____ a voice call. So texters get better value of (3) ____. But there is a second, less practical reason for its
popularity. A generation is growing up happy to communicate (4) ____ by text, and this new form of instant
communication is even more relaxed and informal than either email or phone calls. Text messaging has created a
completely new language, (5) ____ of abbreviations and unusual spellings.
It is a language that is not understood by adults, even though they can buy special dictionaries explaining it, and it
has opened up a huge generation (6) ____ between teenagers and their parents. For teenagers, text is convenient and
quick, (7) ____ it confuses parents. Text messaging is a teenage (8) ____ to grown up technology and (9) ____ young
people with a means of communicating that is always accessible. It is also something that they can call their own, and in
spite of some concern in the teaching profession that literacy skills are being (10) ____ text messaging is a form of
communication that is certainly here to stay.
1. A. instead B. rather C. other D. afraid
2. A. do B. make C. take D. form
3. A. cash B. income C. money D. earnings
4. A. almost B. mostly C. completely D. rarely
5. A. filled B. packed C. full D. fraught
6. A. distance B. gap C. length D. obstacle
7. A. and B. for C. so D. but
8. A. access B. reply C. response D. attitude
9. A. gives B. brings C. carries D. provides
10. A. forgotten B. beaten C. lost D. overtaken
VI. Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the correct answer to each of the
questions.
Dear Editor,
Why do newspapers carry so many advertisements for electronic equipment? Last Sunday I counted ads for seven
kinds of televisions and thirteen kinds of radios in the Atlanta Journal. Besides that, there were pages and pages of ads for
tape recorders and CD players.
Don't you realize what electronic equipment is doing to our daily life? Everywhere you go you may hear loud
music and advertisements over radios; this continual noise is doing harm to our ears. Husbands don't talk to wives
anymore; they are always watching the news or a ball game on TV. Children ruin their eyes with endless hours of
watching not only the programs for children but those for grownups as well. And worse, hidden microphones find out
about our private lives, and computers keep records of personal information about us.
Enough is enough! I think you should limit the amount of advertising of electronic equipment in the Atlanta
Journal; otherwise it will make life unbearable for us all.
1. What does the writer complain about?
A. Noise B. Newspapers C. Advertisements D. Electronic equipment
2. What problem does the writer think radio causes?
A. It gives too much music. B. It has too many programs for advertising.
C. Its noise does harm to our ears. D. It changes our daily live.
3. Why do husbands talk less and less to wives, according to the writer?
A. They spend too much time on sports. B. They are always watching TV programs.
C. They like to play games on TV. D. They take little interest in their wives.
4. What is the writer worried about most?
A. Electronic equipment may invade our private life. B. Electronic equipment may harm our health.
C. Electronic equipment may affect children's study. D. Electronic equipment may affect family relationship.
5. What is implied in this letter?
A. There are too many programs for grownups on TV. B. Reading advertisements is a waste of time.
C. Watching TV may hurt children's eyes. D. Some electronic equipment may cause social problems.

OPTION 14 UNIT 4: THE MASS MEDIA - REVIEW

I/ Identify ONE mistake in each sentence
1. I was merely questioning weather we had the money to fund such a project. 
A B C D
2. We'll see you after the performance also give you £50 for the tickets, or however much they cost. 
A B C D
3. Do they play any other sports beside basketball and volleyball? 
A B C D
4. In addition her flat in Hanoi, she has a new house in Vung Tau and a villa in Ho Chi Minh City. 
A B C D
5. There's not much flour left but you're welcome to what few there is. 
A B C D
6. Susan slept soundly for 10 hours! You must wake her. 
A B C D
7. Because of coming into the office on weekends, Mr. Smith never gets enough work done. 
A B C D
8. Sales of the newest computer have doubled since the past eight months.
A B C D 
9. The members of the personnel committee has decided to revise the employee handbook.
A B C D
10. No one knows what the ultimate affect of the global pollution will be. 
A B C D
II/ Sentence transformation
1. Steve started learning the violin a month ago.
-> Steve has
2. I haven't been to an Australian restaurant for ages.
-> It's ages ________________________________________________________________________________
3. When she heard the results, Mary began to feel more confident.
> Since hearing the results ____________________________________________________________________
4. The last time Peter came here was in 2000.
-> Peter hasn't ______________________________________________________________________________
5. This is my first visit to Japan.
-> This is the first time _______________________________________________________________________
6. How long have they been married?
-> When __________________________________________________________________________________
7. Jack bought those shirts last month and has been wearing them ever since.
-> Jack has ________________________________________________________________________________
8. It's a long time since our last conversation.
-> We ____________________________________________________________________________________
9. Thanks, but I had something to eat earlier.
-> Thanks, but I've __________________________________________________________________________
10. This is my first game of water-polo.
-> I ______________________________________________________________________________________
11.He signed the contract of the new film then he flew home to Hanoi.
=>After ………………………………………………………………………………
12.We couldn t drive because of the fog.’
=>The fog prevented ..............................................................................
13.Mary rang hours and hours ago.
=>It’s hours .............................................................................................
III/ Match the words/ phrases/ symbols in column A with those in column B
A B
1.a small minority a. percentage
2.Proportion b. noted
3.a majority of c. 25%
4.a quarter of d. per cent
 5.less than a fifth e. more than 50%
6.Recorded f. 5%

7% g. 17%

IV /Complete the following sentences with the correct words/ phrases/ symbols in III
1. In 2014, ………….students or more than 50% used social media to exchange information about their school
projects.
2. The…………….of students using magazines was significantly lower at 5%.
3. ………………of students, or 17% borrowed print magazines.
4. In 2014, only…………….., or 5%, borrowed magazines from the school library.
5. Exactly 25% or …………………..students were still relying on print materials.
6. Print magazines and newspapers accounted for just 20……..of mass media use.

V. Read the passage and choose the best answer. 

The World Wide Web was developed by British physicist and computer scientist Timothy Berners-Lee as a
project within the European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN) in Geneva, Switzerland. Berners-Lee combined
several existing ideas into a single system to make it easier for physicists to use data on the Internet. Most important, he
added multimedia - the ability to include graphics - to the hyperlink concept found in a previous Internet service known as
gopher. Berners-Lee had begun working with hypertext in the early 1980s. An early prototype implementation of the Web
became operational at CERN in 1989, and the idea quickly spread to universities in the rest of the world. 
Groups at the National Center for Supercomputing Applications at the University of Illinois at Urbana-
Champaign researched and extended Web technology. They developed the first browser that was used at many sites,
named Mosaic, in 1993. To allow the Web to be accessed from a wide variety of computer systems, researchers built
multiple versions of Mosaic. Each version was designed to be used with a specific operating system, the software that
controls the computer. Within a year, computer programmer Marc Andreessen had formed a commercial company,
Netscape Communications Corporation, to build and sell Web technologies.
New vocabulary: 
gopher (n.): chuột túi, sóc túi má
prototype (n.): người (vật) đầu tiên, nguyên mẫu
implementation (n.): sự thi hành, sự thực hiện đầy đủ, sự bổ sung 
operational (adj.): thuộc hoạt động, thao tác; có thể có hiệu lực
1. The World Wide Web was developed by 
A. an American B. a British C. a Canadian D. a French
2. The word "multiple" in the reading means ____.
A. plural B. single C. only  D. numerous
3. Which word in the reading means "the instructions which control what a computer does; computer programs"?
A. version  B. software C. technology D. concept
4. Which word means "a connection that allows you to move easily between two computer documents or two pages on the
Internet"?  A. graphic B. datum C. project D. hyperlink
5. The scientist who developed the World Wide Web was majoring in
A. math and physics  B. math and computer  C. computer and physics  D. math, physics and computer 
6. Which sentence below is not correct? 
A Timothy Berners Lee spoke English very well B. Timothy Berners-Lee was born in Geneva, Switzerland
C. Timothy Berners-Lee was the first person to develop WWW. 
D. Some existing ideas were combined into a single system by him.
7. What did "Netscape Communications Corporation" do? 
A to develop www B. to use data on the Internet
C. to control the computer  D. to build and sell Web technologies
8. Which sentence is not correct?
A. "Hypertext" means "a way of joining a word or image to another page, document, etc. on the Internet or in
another computer program so that you can move from one to the other easily".
B. Berners-Lee had begun working with hypertext in the early 1980s.
C. An early prototype implementation of the Web became operational at CERN in 1989. 
 D. The idea slowly spread to universities in the rest of the world.
9. Who researched and extended Web technology? 
A. The European Organization for Nuclear Research B. Timothy Berners-Lee
C. Marc Andreessen
D. Groups at the National Center for Supercomputing Applications at the University of Illinois at Urbana-
Champaign
10. Which sentence is not correct? 
A. Mosaic was one of the scientists who developed WWW.
B. The first browser that was used at many sites was developed in 1993.
C. Each version was designed to be used with a particular working system.
D. Researchers built numerous versions of Mosaic to allow the Web to be accessed from a wide variety of
computer systems.

OPTION 15 UNIT 5: CULTURAL IDENTITY – GRAMMAR

I. Give the correct form of the verb in the brackets.
1. I (know) ______________________ him all my life. 
2. They (live) ______________________ in that house for two years. 
3. My brother (write) ______________________ three books. 
4. She (not break) ______________________ her leg yet. 
5. She (already break) ______________________ her arm. 
6. I (see) ______________________ an elephant several times. 
7. She (have) ______________________ that dress for ten years. 
8. We (be) ______________________ here for hours! 
9. The children (not finish) ______________________ their homework yet. 
10. You (ever be) ______________________ to the zoo?
11. I (read) ______________________ that novel by Hemingway several times before.
12. How long you (learn) ______________________ English?
13. We (study) ______________________ almost every lesson in this book so far.
14. I never (eat) ______________________ snake meat. 
15. Oh no! Someone (steal) ______________________ my bag.
II. Read the situations and complete the sentences.
1. It's raining. The rain started two hours ago. It _____________________ for two hours.
2. We are waiting for the bus. We started waiting for 20 minutes. We __________________ for 20 minutes.
3. I'm learning Spanish. I started classes in December. I __________________ since December.
4. Mary is working in London. She started working there on 18 January. She __________________ since 18 January.
5. Our friends always spend their holidays in Italy. They started going there years ago. They 
__________________ for years. 
III: Choose the best answer to complete the following sentences.
1: I think spring is_______season of the year.
A. beautiful B. very beautiful C. more beautiful D. the most beautiful
2: The larger the apartment is, the_______its price is.
A. expensive B. more expensive C. expensively D. most expensive
3: The faster we walk,_______we will get there.
A. the soonest B. the soon C. the more soon D. the sooner
4: “Why did you buy these oranges? ” “They were_______I could find.”
A. cheapest B. cheapest ones C. the cheapest ones D. the most cheapest
6: The streets are getting more and_______these days.
A. crowded B. less crowded C. more crowded D. most crowded
7: New York City's Central Park is nearly twice as large_______second smallest country.
A. as B. is the C. as is D. as the
8: You must explain your problems_______.
A. as clear as you can B. as clearly as you can C. as clear than you are D. as clearly as you are
9: Phil is_______person we have ever known.
A. the happier B. the happiest C. happier D. happiest
10: Which woman are you going to vote for? -I’m not sure. Everyone says that Joan is_______.
A. smarter B. the smarter C. more smarter D. more smart
11:I thought this test would be difficult, but it is_______test I've ever taken.
A. the easiest B. easier C. the most easy D. easily
12: It’s too noisy here. Can we go somewhere_______?
A. noisier B. more quiet C. more noisy D. quieter
13:_______the time passes,_______I feel! The deadline of my thesis is coming, but I have just finished half of it.
A. The faster / the nervous B. The more fast / the nervous C. The fast / the more nervous D. The faster / the more
nervous
14: China is the country with_______population.
A. the larger B. the more large C. the largest D. the most large
15: She sat there quietly, but during all that time she was getting_______. Finally she exploded.
A. more and more angrily B. the more angry C. angrier and angrier D. the most angry
16: For_______, it is certain that in the future some things will be very different.
A. the better or the worse B. the good or the bad C. good or bad D. better or worse
17: Her grandfather’s illness was_______we thought at first.
A. more seriously as B. as seriously as C. more serious than D. as serious than
18: My brother was feeling tired last night, so he went to bed_______usual.
A. more early than B. as early as C. more earlier as D. earlier than
19:_______you study for these exams,_______you will do.
A. The harder / the better B. The more / the much C. The hardest / the best D. The more hard / the more good
20: That is his house which is_______mine.
A. twice as big as B. as twice big as C. as two times big as D. as big as twice
21: My town is_______this city.
A. more peaceful B. more peacefully than C. peaceful than D. more peaceful than
22: I was ill yesterday but I am_______today.
A. better B. gooder C. weller D. best
23: Monkeys are_______learners than elephants.
A. faster B. very fast C. more faster D. more fast
24: The use of detail is_______method of developing a controlling idea and almost all students employ this method.
A. more common B. common C. most common D. the most common
25: My neighbor is driving me mad! It seems that_______it is at night, _______he plays his music!
A. the less/ the more loud B. the less/less C. the more late/ the more loudly D. the later/the louder
26: It gets_______when the winter is coming.
A. cold and cold B. the coldest and coldest C. colder and colder D. more and more cold
27: The cuisine of France is_______.
A. more famous than that of England B. famous than the cuisine of England
C. more famous than which of England D. as famous than that of England
28: My sister is two years_______than me.
A. young B. so young C. younger D. the youngest
29: What is the_______movie you have ever seen?
A. worst B. baddest C. most bad D. the worst
30: The Missouri River is the_______river in the United States.
A. most long B. longer C. longest D. the longer

IV.GIVE THE CORRECT FORM OF THE WORDS IN BRACKETS

1: Kava dances_______(gracefully) of all the participants.
2: The curriculum at the public school is as good as or (good)_______than that of any private school.
3: He visits his family_______(frequently) than he used to.
4: In the UK, the streets are generally_______(narrow) than in the USA.
5: People in Africa are_______(poor) in the world.
6: They are beautiful girls but I think Susie is_______(lovely) of the two.
 7: Valencia played_______(bad) than Real Madrid yesterday.
8: Nowadays (many)_______people are unemployed.
9: (hard)_______you study for these exams, (good)_______marks you will get.
10: Thanks to the progress of science and technology, our lives have become _______and_______(good).
11: It gets_______and_______(difficult) to understand what the professor is explaining.
12: (much)_______he drank, (violent)_______he became.
13: Earning money has always been the thing that pleases him most, (rich)_______he becomes, (happy)_______he is.
14: I can't stand this weather. It's getting_______and_______(hot).
15: The bigger the supermarket is, the (wide)_______the choice is.
16: Eating and traveling in this city are getting_______(expensive).
17: Why don't you buy bananas when they are (little expensive)_______than apples?
18: Marine reptiles are among the few creatures that are known to have a possible life span (great)_______than that of
man.
19: This one is prettier, but it costs three times (much)_______as the other one.
20: The (much)_______we learn, the (much) we forget_______.

OPTION 16 UNIT 5: CULTURAL IDENTITY -VOCABULARY-READING

I. Choose a word in each line that has different stress pattern.

1. A. pressure B. whiteboard C. diverse D. present (n)
2. A. drastically B. distinction C. enjoyable D. dependent
3. A. identifier B. multicultural C. agricultural D. international
4. A. notification B. association C. competition D. participation
5. A. demolish B. syllabus C. industrial D. commercial
6. A. achievement B. encourage C. integrate D. tradition
7. A. computer B. socialize C. diversity D. facility
II. Find the word which has a different sound in the part underlined.
1. A. housework B. vision  C. hospital D. classroom
2. A. diversity B. remind C. unite  D. attire 
3. A. burden B. curtain  C. turtle  D. curriculum 
4. A. unity B. martial  C. practice D. spirit
5. A. responsive B. content C. sector  D. sense
6. A. benefit B. narrow-minded C. application D. non-profit
7. A. costume B. custom C. culture D. buff
8. A. evaluation B. facilitator C. guidance D. female 
III. Indicate the word(s) OPPOSITE in meaning to the underlined word(s) in each of the following questions.
1. The mass media has become one of the main instruments of political change.
A. less B. fewer C. tiny  D. small
2. We ought to keep these proposals secret from the chairman for the time being.
A. lively  B. frequented C. accessible D. revealed
3. Match the word in A with its appropriate definition in B. 
A. indirect B. illegal C. improper D. unreal
4. What program do you dislike watching and why not?
A. fancy B. think C. imagine  D. want 
5. What are the differences among types of the media?
A. peace B. sameness C. likes  D. need 
6. Heavy rain causes floods all over the country.
A. light B. thin C. tiny  D. trivial 
7. Television can make us passive. 
A. obtrusive B. enterprising C. energetic D. strong
8. It is an enjoyable way to relax.
A. incorrect B. improper C. hateful  D. unpleasant 
9. We don't have to think so our brain becomes lazy.
 A. quick B. diligent C. hard  D. good 
10. The council demolished it. 
A. made  B. did  C. started  D. construct 
IV. Indicate the word(s) CLOSEST in meaning to the underlined word(s) in each of the following questions.
1. The President escaped through a secret passage underneath the parliament building.
A. answer  B. hidden C. confidence D. basis
2. Which channel do you recommend to someone who likes animals? 
A. suggest  B. tell  C. speak  D. talk
3. Documentary is a film or a radio or television program giving facts about something.
A. things B. numbers C. truth  D. news 
4. What types of the media are the most and the least important to you? 
A. successful B. significant  C. Wonderful D. attractive 
5. Listen to the two radio news stories and check the right column under News story 1 and News story 2. 
A. honest B. honorable C. good  D. precise
6. Television can make things more memorable because it presents information in a more effective way. 
A. clever  B. expensive C. successful  D. pretty 
7. Some television programs may make people violent.
A. rapid B. insane  C. extreme D. good
8. Television also interferes with family life and communication.
A. conflicts B. comes C. goes  D. chats 
9. I'm afraid you've made a mistake.
A. wrongness B. error  C. badness D. ugliness
10. It makes us aware of our global responsibilities. 
A. national B. worldly C. universal D. overall 
V. The word in brackets at the end of each of the following sentences can be used to form a word that fits suitably
in the blank.
1. In many circumstances, the attire is a ___________________ business suit, but it can range from a dinner jacket to blue
jeans. CONSERVATION
2. Shaping a stone tool is one of the oldest cultural ___________________, and it still takes great skill and knowledge.
PRACTICING
3. A positive attitude helps language students maintain their interest in learning long enough to ___________________
their goals. ACHIEVEMENT
4. When Helen moved to Japan, she had to quickly ___________________ a new language into her vocabulary.
ASSIMILATIVE
5. His ___________________ and attire suggested the seaman rather than a man of art. BEHAVE
6. His paintings were so unique as to require no signature for ___________________. IDENTIFY
7. Dying languages and urbanization are threats to cultural ___________________. IDENTIFICATION
8. When people of different cultures come together to celebrate and share their different traditions, it is an example of a(n)
___________________ celebration. MULTICULTURAL
VI. Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C or D to indicate the correct word or phrase that best fits
each of the numbered blanks.
Why is culture important and how does it answer the question "(1 ) ____ is cultural identity?"? Culture is the underlying
(2) ____ of traditions and beliefs that help a person (3) ____ to the world around them. It is the basis (4) ____ any
superstitions they may have. It is the aversion to (5) ____ types of meat, or which days you can work on. Culture gives us
a definite starting point when beginning to (6) ____ for our roots. Knowing (7) ____ a person comes from will help to
define how they look at their family obligations as (8) ____ as how they celebrate important milestones in life.
As a person has given up their cultural identity, they (9) ____ can identify themselves with the things that were (10) ____
the most important things in their lives. They lose direction. As time (11) ____ by and they continue to forget about their
past and their natural traditions, their identity becomes less and less (12) ____.
1. A. How B. Which C. Why D. What
2. A. institution B. foundation C. organization D. principle
3. A. relate B. relating C. related D. to relate
4. A. in B. for C. of D. to
5. A. especial B. special C. specific D. typical
6. A. find B. look C. search D. seek
7. A. by which B. how C. when D. where
8. A. long B. much C. soon D. well
9. A. any longer B. any more C. no longer D. no more
10. A. at once B. once C. one time D. for once
11. A. goes B. flies C. passes D. walks
12. A. pronouncing B. pronounce C. pronounced D. been pronouncing

OPTION 17 REVIEW FOR THE FIRST TERM TEST

I. Mark the letter A, B, C or D to indicate the correct response to each of the following exchanges.
1 . Alex: “Thank you for taking the time to come here in person.”
Amy: “____”A. It's my pleasure. B. I don't know what time that person comes.
C. I'd love to come. What time? D. Do you have time for some gossip?
2. Alex: “How have you been recently?”
Amy: “____”
A. By bus, I think. B. It's too late. C. Pretty busy, I think. D. No, I'll not be busy.
3. Jenny: “Thanks for the nice gift you bought to us!”
Peter: “____”A. All right. Do you know how much it costs? B. Not at all, don't mention it.
C. Actually speaking, I myself don't like it. D. Welcome! it's very nice of you.
4. Jenny: “You must have found reading my essay very tiring.”
Peter: “____ I enjoyed it."
A. Not in the least. B. Just in case. C. At all costs. D. You are welcome.
5. Jenny: “You are so patient with us.”
Mrs. Green: “____”A. I'm fine, thanks. B. Thanks, that's nice of you to say so.
C. Thanks. Have a nice trip. D. I know. I have trouble controlling my temper.
6. Tom: “Can I have another cup of tea?”
Mrs. Green: “____”A. Be yourself. B. Do it yourself. C. Help yourself. D. Allow yourself.
7. Ken: “Where is your studying group going to meet next weekend?”
Mark: “____”A. We are too busy on weekdays. B. The library could be best.
C. Why don't you look at the atlas? D. Studying in a group is great fun!
8. John: "Do you think that people should protect their cultural identities in the age of globalization?”
Jane: “____”A. Of course not, you bet! B. Well, that's very surprising.
C. There is no doubt about it. D. Yes, it's an absorb idea.
9. Kay: "I don't do that if I were you."
Amy: "____”A. I'd rather you didn't. B. It's out of question.
C. Wouldn't you? Why? D. Would you, really?
10. Jenny: “I think that some languages will no longer be spoken."
Anna: “____”A. Don't you think so? B. I'm afraid so.
C. I agree. It sounds nice. D. Let's speak up.
11. "It was very kind of you to help me out, Paul?”
Paul: “____”A. I'm glad you like it. B. Thanks a million.
C. That was the least I could do. D. You can say that again.
12. Amy: "Would you mind sending those flowers to Mrs. Brown?""
 Mark: “____”A. He wouldn't mind. B. I would if I were you.
C. No, I can handle it myself. D. Sure, I'll do it now.
13. Mary: "I'll never do that again”. Linda: "Me ____.”
A. do so B. too C. neither D. either
14. Jackson: "I get impatient when the teacher doesn't tell us the answer.”
Rose: “____”
A. Yes, it's hard to think of the answer. B. Yes, I wish she'd hurry up.
C. Yes, she would know the answer. D. Yes, she speaks too quickly.
15. Jane: "Don't fail to send your parents my regards."
Ben: “____”A. You are welcome. B. Good idea, thanks. C. Thanks, I'll. D. It's my
pleasure.

II. GIVE THE CORRECT FORM OF THE VERBS

1. I (sit) _____down for a rest while the shoes (repair) __________.
2. Half way to the office Paul (turn) __round and (go) ____back home because he (forget) to turn the gas off.
3. London (change) a lot since we first (come) __________ to live here.
4. While we (talk) __________on the phone the children (start) ____fighting and (break) ___a window
5. He used to talk to us for hours about all the interesting things he (do) __________ in his life.
6. You know she (stand) __________looking at that picture for the last twenty minutes.
7. I (spend) __________ a lot of time travelling since I (get) __________this new job.
8. When I (be) __________ at school we all (study) __________Latin.
9. When I (meet) __________ him , he (work) __________as a waiter for a year or so.
10. After he (finish) __________ breakfast he (sit) __________down to write some letters.
11. She (have) __________a hard life, but she’s always smiling.
12. I think Jim (be) __________ out of town.
13. If only we (know)______about this service before!
14. I'd rather you (tell)______me the truth now.
15. I'd rather you (buy)______the tickets before they are all sold out.
16. I wish I (have)______time to see more exhibitions.
17. I'm really sleepy today. I wish I (not have to take)______Bob to the airport late last night.
18. If only he (tell)______us the truth in the first place, things wouldn't have gone so wrong.
19. It is high time for us (think)______about choosing a place to settle down.
20. The doctor advised that the man (transfer)______to a private room.
21. I’m tired of waiting. I_____(sit) here for one hour.
22. He is exhausted because he_____(work) continuously for more than twelve hours.
23. She_____(sleep) for 10 hours! You must wake her.
24. He_____(read) this book for two hours, but he hasn’t finished it yet.
25. Before Sarah arrived, Eric_____(go) home.
26. When Jane arrived at the theater, the film_____(start).
27. He thanked me for everything I_____(do) for him.
28. After Angelia_____(eat) the cake, she began to feel sick.
29 : Before Sarah arrived, Eric_____(go) home.
30 : When Jane arrived at the theater, the film_____(start).
31 : He thanked me for everything I_____(do) for him.
32 : After Angelia_____(eat) the cake, she began to feel sick.
III. CHOOSE THE BEST ANSWER
1: The manager______the store before I arrived. A. closed B. had closed C. has closed D. was closed
2: When we see Mr. Minh tomorrow, I__ __him of that.
A. will remind B. remind C. have reminded D. reminded
3: When I got home I found that water______down the kitchen walls.
A. ran B. was running C. has run D. had been running
4: After he______his English course, he went to England to continue his study.
A. has finish B. had finished C. was finished D. would finish
5: While my father______a film on TV, my mother was cooking dinner.
 A. watched B. was watching C. had watched D. watches
6: I don't think he______in the thirty years I______him.
A. had changed/have known B. has changed/have known C. had changed/had known D. has changed/knew
7: When I came to visit her last night, she______a bath. A. is having B. was having C. has had D. had had
8: Tom______before we arrive there. A. has left B. had left C. will have left D. leaves
9: He______his Chinese course before he went to China to continue his business.
A. will finish B. has finished C. had finished D. will have finished
10: Please send us a postcard as soon as you_ _in London.
A. will arrive B. is going to arrive C. arrive D. arrived
11: I______you this book when I meet you tomorrow. A. give B. will give C. is giving D. has given
12: We______for going home when it began to rain.
A. were preparing B. are preparingC. will be preparing D. have prepared
13: John______in the same house since he left school. A. lived B. had lived C. was living D. has lived
14: I had prepared dinner before I______to work. A. went B. was going C. had gone D. is going
15: When she came into the hall, she______her arms to the audience, smiled and bowed deeply.
A. opened B. had opened C. was opening D. is opening
16: I have never played badminton before. This is the first time I__ _to play it.
A. try B. tried C. have tried D. am trying
17: The car______ready for him by the time he comes tomorrow.
A. will be B. will have been C. will being D. are going to be
18: He greeted her. She really______better than when he______her last. Yes, she______.
A. looked/saw/had changed B. looked/saw/changed
C. looked/had seen/had changed D. had looked/had seen/had changed
19: When I last saw him, he______in London.
A. has lived B. is living C. was living D. has been living
20: I sat down at the desk and______why my father's letter______yet. I___to ask him to send me some money at once.
A. wonder/hasn’t arrive/wrote B. wondered/hadn’t arrived/wrote
C. wondered/hasn’t arrived/wrote D. wondered/hadn’t arrived/had written
21. Dan’s parents insist that he .................... home every week.
A. must call B. call C. called D. has to call
22. It is essential that she ................... the truth about her illness.
A. tell B. tells C. is told D. be told
23. The director requests that all packages ..................... at the central office.
A. send B. be send C. be sent D. are sent
24. I hate driving. I’d much rather you __________
A. drove B. drive C. driveD. drive
25. It’s high time they __________ this road.
A. mend B. mending C. mended D. to mend

OPTION 18 REVIEW FOR THE FIRST TERM TEST

BỘ GIÁO DỤC VÀ ĐÀO TẠO KỲ THI TỐT NGHIỆP TRUNG HỌC PHỔ THÔNG NĂM 2021
ĐỀ CHÍNH THỨC Bài thi: NGOẠI NGỮ, Môn thi: TIẾNG ANH
(Đề thi có 04 trang) Thời gian làm bài: 60 phút, không kể thời gian phát đề

Họ, tên thí sinh: ………………………………………. Mã đề thi 401

Số báo danh: ……………………………………….
Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the word whose underlined part differs from the other
three in pronunciation in each of the following questions.
1: A. alive B. careful C. happy D. nervous
2: A. customer B. festival C. suggestion D. capital
Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the word that differs from the other three in the position
of stress in each of the following questions.
3: A. clap B. take C. face D. save
4: A. wanted B. cried C. seemed D. rained
Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the sentence that best completes each
of the following exchanges.
5: Tuan is late for the class meeting.
- Tuan: “Sorry I’m late, Ha.” - Ha: “_______”
A. Good idea. B. Never mind. C. Same to you. D. Thanks a lot.
6: Mai is talking to Hoa about Hoa’s new dress.
- Mai: “You’ve got a nice dress, Hoa.” - Hoa: “_______”
A. Congratulations! B. Thank you. C. Me too. D. No problem.
Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the following questions.
7: I like this_______song because it reminds me of my schooldays.
A. beautiful B. beautifully C. beauty D. beautify
8: When the visitor saw with her own eyes the beach covered with tons of plastic rubbish washed up from around the
world, a chill went down her _______.
A. spine B. bone C. mind D. brain
9: _______the book again and again, I finally understood what the author meant.
A. Have been reading B. Have been read C. Have read D. Having read
10: _______, he will go out with his friends.
A. When Tony finished his project B. When Tony finishes his project
C. When Tony had finished his project D. When Tony was finishing his project
11: You should wear _______to keep your hands warm. It’s very cold outside.
A. hats B. gloves C. shoes D. boots
12: My sister and I share the housework. We take turns to_______ the dishes and clean the house.
A. wash up B. wash over C. wash away D. wash through
13: Her aunt gave her a_______ handbag on her birthday last week.
A. beautiful reel Korean B. red Korean beautiful C. beautiful Korean red D. Korean red beautiful
14: Jane has been trying to solve this problem all week, but she still hasn’t been able to_______
A. shatter B. break C. crack D. crash
15: We like to live in the countryside _______ we want to be close to nature.
A. although B. because of C. despite D. because
16: Life here is so good, _______?
A. was it B. has it C. isn’t it D. wasn’t it
17: The students _______ the topic when the bell rang.
A. discuss B. were discussing C. have discussed D. are discussing
18: Don’t worry too much. We all_______ mistakes sometimes.
A. give B. put C. take D. make
19: Nam’s family has been living _______ Ha Noi for twenty years.
A. over B. in C. at D. on
20: The prize_______ to Xuan yesterday.
A. awards B. has awarded C. was awarded D. was awarding
21: _______ you love English, the better you can learn it.
A. Most B. Most of C. The more D. More
Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the word CLOSEST in meaning to the underlined word
in each of the following questions.
22: Wilson is a sociable boy. He makes friends at his new school quitejeasily.
A. shy B. careful C. nervous D. friendly
23: The children enjoy learning about plants and how they grow.
A. studying B. changing C. breaking D. building
Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the word(s) OPPOSITE in meaning to the underlined
word(s) in each of the following questions.
24: It’s about time you pulled your socks up and started working seriously. Your final exams are coming.
A. studied harder B. got furious C. became lazy D. lost confidence
25: The couple have saved a lot of money for their old age.
A. spent B. earned C. left D. won
Redd the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct word or
phrase that best fits each of the numbered blanks from 26 to 30.
Many people say that schooldays are the best days of their life, and they often feel that this should be a period of
enjoyment. (26) _______, exams often make them unhappy, and many students prefer having no exams at all. They say
the exams (27) _______ they have to take often make them worried, and they have no time to relax. Others, on the other
hand, say that exams help students study better. They will have to study throughout the year, and if they do well, they will
become more (28) _______ in studying.
There are (29) _______ students who prefer only final exams. They say that they have to work hard for two months a
year and so they have more time for their leisure activities. They think that this is a better way of (30) _______ students’
knowledge and ability in the subjects they are studying.
(Adapted from Complete First for Schools by Brook-Hart, Hutchison, Passmore and Uddin)
26: A. Although B. Moreover C. Therefore D. However
27: A. where B. who C. when D. pwhich
28: A. bored B. nervous C. friendly D. interested
29: A. each B. another C. some D. fever
30: A. accessing B. assessing C. assisting D. accepting
Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, c, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to
each of the s from 31 to 35.
Since the 19th century, companies have looked for better and cleaner ways of creating electricity. One UK company
has created a special type of floor made of square tiles. Under each square, there is a system that can create electricity
very cheaply when someone steps on it!
The design of the floor works very well when it is used in very busy areas. And the reason is that a lot of energy is
created simply because of the large numbers of people walking across the floor.
The floor can have other uses too; one of them is to record how many people visit a shopping centre. This kind of
inionnation is very' useful for shop owners because very often they want to know at which times of days they have the
highest numoers of customers, bo the next time you visit shopping centre, have a careful look at the floor that you are
walking across!
(Adapted from Preliminary for Schools Trainer)
31: What is the passage mainly about?
A. A shopping centre that sells electricity. B. A new way to build houses.
C. A special floor that creates electricity. D. A difficulty in creating electricity.
32: According paragraph 1, the special floor creates electricity when______.
A. someone covers it B. someone steps on it C. someone looks at it D. someone cleans it
33: The word useful in paragraph 3 is closest in meaning to______.
A. kind B. false helpful D. careful
34: The word they in paragraph 3 refers to_______.
A. people B. times C. days D. shop owners
35: Which of the following is NOT mentioned as a good thing about the floor in the passage?
A. It helps shops attract more customers. B. It is good for shop owners.
C. It creates electricity very cheaply. D. It works very well in very busy areas.
Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to
each of the s from 36 to 42.
Today, text-messaging has probably become young people’s most common form of communication. Someleachers
think that because of this, young people are not writing correctly at school. They fear that once students get used to it, they
will find it hard to switch back to using correct grammar and spelling. How did things begin this way?
It all began with e-mail, online chat rooms, and games. Then step by step young people made sentences, phrases and
words shorter. As text-messaging continued to become popular, people invented more and more words. Today, it is like a
real language with its own grammar and vocabulary. The growth of text-messaging has raised an important : As students
become fluent in textmessaging, do their writing skills suffer?
 People have different ideas about the effects of text-messaging on students’ writing skills. Some say that students are
losing the ability to write long, correct sentences. Others say that text-messaging is having a good effect on the language
students use in then schoolwork. It shows that they are creative and good at expressing themselves. And if students can
keep the two systems separate - one for textmessaging and one for school - this will help students appreciate reading and
writing more.
Some people suggest that one way to reduce the bad effects of text-messaging is to find ways to use technology as a
positive learning tool. For example, students can be allowed to type their assignments in a cell phone message and send
them to their teachers, but they must type correctly. In this way, students are using the technology that they are familiar
with to communicate in a form of language suitable for schoolwork. It shows students that text-messaging is fine for
social communication, but correct grammar and spelling are necessary for communication in school.
(Adapted from Strategic Reading by Richards and Eckstut-Didier)
36: Which of the following is the best title for the passage?
A. What is Text-messaging Doing to Students’ Writing?
B. How have Schools Changed Technology?
C. What can be Done to Increase the Quality of Text-messaging?
D. How can Teachers Teach Text-messaging?
37: The word switch in paragraph 1 is closest in meaning to_______.
A. give B. change C. look D. send
38: The word invented in paragraph 2 is closest in meaning to_______.
A. explained B. created C. described D. guessed
39: According to paragraph 3, how can text-messaging affect students’ writing?
A. Students no longer use handwriting for their schoolwork.
B. Students’ ability to write long, correct sentences is gradually decreasing.
C. Students will lose interest in their school writing.
D. Students are losing their creativity in writing.
40: The word them in paragraoh 4 refers _______.
A. effects B. people C. students D. assignments
41: Which of the folio wing is NOT true according to the passage?
A. People have different opinions about the effects of text-messaging on students writing.
B. Correct grammar and spefiing are important for communication in school.
C. Text-messaging has probably become the most common form of communication for young people.
D. Text-messaging is like a real language with its own grammar and vocabulary.
42: Which of the following can be inferred from the passage.
A. Text-messaging has been accepted as an official language.
B. Text-messaging can help students write more correctly.
C. Students should know how to use standard language in all circumstances.
D. Students should know how to use text-messaging properly for their purposes.
Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the sentence that best combines each pair of sentences
in the following questions.
43: Mike doesn’t feel well today. He can’t go out with his friends.
A. If Mike had felt well today, he couldn’t have gone out with his friends.
B. Mike wishes he felt well today so that he could go out with his friends.
C. If only Mike had felt well today, he couldn’t have gone out with his friends.
D. Provided that Mike feels well today, he can’t go out with his friends.
44: Students are forbidden to bring their phones into the exam room.
A. Under no circumstances are students prohibited from bringing their phones into the exam room.
B. On no account are students permitted to bring their phones into the exam room.
C. At no time were students permitted to bring their phones into the exam room.
D. In no way are students prohibited from bringing their phones into the exam room.
Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the sentence that is closest in meaning to each of the
following questions.
45: “I have a lot of homework to do,” Ha said.
A. Ha said that I had a lot of homework to do.
B. Ha said that I have a lot of homework to do.
C. Ha said that she has had a lot of homework to do.
D. Ha said that she had a lot of homework to do.
 46: She last phoned her close friend two months ago.
A. She has two months to phone her close friend.
B. She didn’t phone her close friend two months ago.
C. She has phoned her close friend for two months.
D. She hasn’t phoned her-oldse friend for two months.
47: It is not neccessary for you to wear formal clothes to the party this evening.
A. You can’t wear formal clothes to the party this evening.
B. You needn’t wear formal clothes to the party this evening.
C. You must wear formal clothes to the party this evening.
D. You would wear formal clothes to the party this evening.
Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the underlined part that needs correction in each of
thefollowing questions.
48: The boy has a lot of toy cars, but he never plays with it.
A B C D
49: The spokesman had an uphill struggle to find an explanation that was readily intelligent
A B C
to the layman.
D
50: She borrows a lot of English books from the school library last week.
A B C D
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