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COMMUNICATIONS IN ALGEBRA
Vol. 30, No. 10, pp. 4905–4913, 2002
Czesl⁄ aw Bagiński
ABSTRACT
1. INTRODUCTION
4905
UðGÞ is solvable. First results concerning the derived length of the unit group
in this case were obtained by Shalev in.[6] He proved there the following:
Theorem 1. Let G be a finite group and let F be a field of characteristic p.
FG ¼ V ðV FGDðHÞÞDðHÞ ¼ V ðV ðV FGDðHÞÞÞDðHÞ
¼ V ðVDðHÞ þ VDðHÞ2 þ VDðHÞ3 . . .Þ
¼ V VDðHÞ:
FGDðHÞn ¼ VDðHÞn :
Let aki ; 0 k < tðG=HÞ; 1 i sk form a basis of V such that the subspace
Vm ¼ V \ DðGÞm is spanned by all aki with k % m: Then obviously DðGÞm þ
FGDðHÞ ¼ Vm VDðHÞ: Therefore
Let blj ; 1 l < tðHÞ; 1 j tl form a basis (over F) of DðHÞ such that the
subspace DðHÞn is spanned by all blj with l % n: It is clear that all the pro-
ducts ami dnj span FGDðHÞ: The number of these products equals jG=Hj
dim DðHÞ ¼ jG=HjðjHj 1Þ ¼ dim FGDðHÞ: So they form a basis of
FGDðHÞ: Now, it is easily seen by (1) that for fixed m and n the set A ¼
faki blj : ðk % m and l % nÞ or ðk % 0 and l % n þ 1Þg is a basis of DðGÞm
4908 BAGIŃSKI
DðGÞDðHÞ ¼ DðHÞDðGÞ
and
and by induction
Hence
½DðGÞj ; DðGÞk
DðGÞk1 DðGÞj ; DðGÞ þ DðGÞj ; DðGÞk1 DðGÞ
DðGÞjþk2 DðG0 Þ þ DðGÞjþk3 DðG0 ÞDðGÞ DðGÞjþk2 DðG0 Þ:
4910 BAGIŃSKI
2
(iii) By (2) we have ðG0 ; G0 Þ g4 G ðG0 Þp so by (ii) we obtain
m n mþn2 mþn2 p2
DðG0 Þ ; DðG0 Þ DðG0 Þ Dðg4 GÞ DðG0 Þ DðG0 Þ
mþnþ1
DðG0 Þ :
Hence
m n
DðGÞj DðG0 Þ ; DðGÞk DðG0 Þ
m n m n
DðGÞjþk DðG0 Þ ; DðG0 Þ þ DðGÞj DðG0 Þ ; DðGÞk DðG0 Þ
n m mþn
þ DðGÞk DðGÞj ; DðG0 Þ DðG0 Þ þ DðGÞj ; DðGÞk DðG0 Þ :
Now by (i) and (ii) it is seen that all the summands appearing on the right
hand side are contained in the ideal DðGÞjþk2 DðG0 Þmþnþ1 : This ends the
proof of the lemma. u
Let d0 ðFGÞ ¼ FG and for n % 1 let dn ðFGÞ be the two sided (associa-
tive) ideal of FG generated by all Lie commutators ½a; b; where a; b 2
dn1 ðFGÞ: By dl ðFGÞ we denote the minimal integer n such that dn ðFGÞ ¼ 0:
As an immediate consequence of Lemma 3 we obtain the following
corollaries which strengthen Lemma 2.1 and Corollary 2.2 of [6].
Corollary 4. If G is an finite p-group such that for all i % 2 giþ1 G ðgi GÞp ; then
dn ðFGÞ " FGDðG0 Þ2 1 : In particular dlðFGÞ dlog2 ðtðG0 Þ þ 1Þe:
Proof. Let a; b 2 UðGÞ: Then by the equality ða; bÞ ¼ 1 þ a1 b1 ½a; b the
m-th term of the derived series of UðGÞ is contained in 1 þ dm ðFGÞ: Hence
the result follows from Corollary 4. u
UNIT GROUP OF MODULAR GROUP ALGEBRA 4911
and by induction
and similarly
Hence
1
g1 ¼ ða0 ; b0 Þ ¼ 1 þ ½a0 ; b0 þ a1
0 b0 1 ½a0 ; b0
and
n
1
bn Z 1 þ bn ðb0 1Þðu 1Þ2 þb0n ;
n
gn Z 1 þ cn ðg0 1Þðu 1Þ2 1 þg0n ;
n n
where a0n ; b0n ; g0n 2 In ¼ DðGÞ3 ðu 1Þ2 1 þ FGðu 1Þ2 and an ; bn ; cn are
powers of 2 with an ¼ bn : Obviously an ; bn ; cn are not 0 in F nas char F ¼ p > 2:
Moreover by Lemma 1, an ; bn ; gn Z= 1ðmod In Þ if ðu 1Þ2 1 6¼ 0: It follows
from Lemma (3) that for a 2 fan ; bn ; gn ; a0n ; b0n ; g0n g and b 2 fa0n ; b0n ; g0n g, ½a; b 2
Inþ1 : Therefore
n n
1
½an ; gn ¼ an cn ½ða0 1Þðu 1Þ2 ; ðg0 1Þðu 1Þ2 1
nþ1
2
Z an cn ½ðx 1Þ2 ; ðx 1Þð y 1Þðu 1Þ2
nþ1
1
Z 2an cn ðx 1Þ2 ðu 1Þ2
nþ1
1
Z 2an cn ða0 1Þðu 1Þ2 ðmod Inþ1 Þ
nþ1
and similarly ½bn ; gn Z 2bn cn ðbn 1Þðu 1Þ2 1 ðmod Inþ1 Þ and ½an ; bn Z
nþ1
ðg0 1Þðu 1Þ2 1 ðmod Inþ1 Þ: Thus similarly as in the case n ¼ 0
nþ1
1
anþ1 Z 1 þ 2ða0 1Þðu 1Þ2 ðmod Inþ1 Þ;
2nþ1 1
bnþ1 Z 1 þ 2ðb0 1Þðu 1Þ ðmod Inþ1 Þ;
2nþ1 1
gnþ1 Z 1 þ 2ðg0 1Þðu 1Þ ðmod Inþ1 Þ:
This ends the proof of the induction step. Therefore for 2n 1 < tðG0 Þ the n-
th term of the derived series of 1 þ DðGÞ2 is not trivial. This ends the proof
of the proposition and Theorem 2. u
REFERENCES
3. Passi, I.B.S.; Passman, D.S.; Sehgal, S.K. Lie Solvable Group Rings.
Canad. J. Math. 1973, 25, 748–757.
4. Sandling, R. The Modular Group Algebra of a Central-elementary-by-
abelian p-group. Arch. Math. 1989, 52, 22–27.
5. Sehgal, S.K. Topics in Group Rings; Marcel Dekker: New York, 1978.
6. Shalev, A. Meta-abelian Unit Groups of Group Algebras are Usually
Abelian. J. Pure and Appl. Algebra 1991, 72, 295–302.
7. Shalev, A. The Nilpotency Class of the Unit Group of a Modular Group
Algebra III. Arch. Math. 1993, 60, 136–145.