Relevant Laws and Guidelines

Development Controls (DC) - A set of inter-acting regulations concerning the physical utilization of a lot
and likewise governing the planning/design of spaces and/or the use or occupancy of a building/structure
to be introduced (or already existing) on a lot; Development Controls help determine in detail the
Development Potential and/or the Carrying Capacity of all lots and/or of proposed developments on lots.

 National Building Code

Esplanades and Promenades (as defined and conceptualized under the 2004 Revised IRR of P.D. No.
1096, the 1977 National Building Code of the Philippines/ NBCP).
1) Based on subject document i.e. the NBCP as a national level development control, the ESPLANADE’s
minimum width is at 9.0 meters (m), which includes a carriageway and a sidewalk opposite the
promenade i.e. the promenade is only a component of the much wider esplanade. Wider esplanades of up
to 16.0 m in width are ideal for the Philippine setting. The area opposite the promenade is encouraged for
use for commercial developments in support of the entire esplanade. As no on-street parking shall be
permitted along the carriageway, these are to be situated only inside the grounds of the possible
commercial developments. The NBCP esplanade was conceptualized for walking, recreation, socializing,
cycling and motor vehicle-related activities e.g. driving. Bicycle lanes if introduced are preferably
elevated i.e. not on the carriageway. The present-day Roxas Boulevard (which should be called Roxas
Avenue as it is actually a radial road), is one huge esplanade.
2) Based on subject document, the PROMENADE’s minimum width is at 3.0 meters (m), which
coincides with the minimum legal easement prescribed for urban/ built-up areas under the Water Code of
the Philippines. Note that the promenade is only a component of the much wider esplanade. Wider
promenades of up to 6.0 m in width may be ideal for the Philippine setting, particularly if landscaping
elements e.g. planting strips and trees (and related soft-scaping) are introduced. Depending on the need,
on the masterplan and on the project concept, the promenade may also host jogging lanes, act as a
security corridor (for perimeter surveillance), and even as a utility corridor (water, power, telecoms,
wastewater and even solid waste collection) but only if the promenade is 5.0 to 6.0 m in width. The
NBCP promenade was conceptualized for walking, recreation, socializing and even cycling (but only if
the promenade is wider than 6.0 m).

Floor to Lot Area Ratio (FLAR) Designations/Rights

Type of Use or Occupancy/ Type of Building / Structure FLAR Designation/Rights
Parks and Open Recreational Spaces/ / - 0.50 up to 1.00
Guidelines on easements, view corridors/sight lines, streets/road right-of-way (RROW), sidewalks,
arcades, basements, lots, and public buildings/structures
Pedestrian access-ways and the like and to be located at/ above/below the easement may also be
developed for public use, e.g., a promenade and the like.
Easement* Along Water Bodies/Way by Location of Water Body/Way Easement Urban Areas
Agricultural Areas Forest Areas 3.00 meters per side of waterway (Fig.VIII.G.3.) 20.00 meters per side of
waterway 40.00 meters per side of waterway * Source: Water Code of the Philippines

WATER CODE OF THE PHILIPPINES

RULE II
CONTROL, CONSERVATION AND PROTECTION OF WATERS, WATERSHEDS AND RELATED
LAND RESOURCES
Section 31. Determination of Easements – For purposes of Article 51 of the Code, all easements of public
use prescribed for the banks or rivers and the shores of seas and lakes shall be reckoned from the line
reached by the highest flood which does not cause inundation or the highest equinoctial tide whichever is
higher. Any construction or structure that encroaches into such easement shall be ordered removed or
cause to be removed by the Board in coordination with DPWH, LGU or appropriate government agency
or local government unit.
Section 48. Protection of Water Supply Sources – No person shall discharge into any source of water
supply any domestic sewage, industrial waste, or pollutant not meeting the effluent standards set by the
Department of Environment and Natural Resources.
Section 50. Complaint on Drainage System Construction – Any complaint pertaining to the construction
of a drainage system under the provisions of Article 44 of the Code shall be treated under Rule III thereof.

 Local Ordinances
MUNICIPAL ORDINANCES OF STA, CATALINA
From 2001-2017
Municipal Ordinances for 2001
02-2001 “An ordinance prohibiting the cutting of Kandaruma trees along the shoreline of
the municipality of Sta. Catalina, Ilocos Sur and providing penalties to violators thereof”
03-2001 “An ordinance regulating the flow of traffic at Barangay Pangada, Sta. Catalina,
Ilocos Sur particularly along the road near the St. Catherine Sports Center during
cockfight days”

Municipal Ordinances for 2002

01-2002 “An ordinance regulating the operation of Billiard and Pool Halls in the
Municipality of Sta. Catalina, Ilocos Sur”

05-2002 “Resolution revising the zoning regulations for the Municipality of Sta. Catalina
and providing for the administration, enforcement and for the repeal of all ordinances in
conflict therewith”
Municipal Ordinances for 2003
07-2003 “An ordinance declaring the easter of Quirino Street bounded by Rizal Street as
one-way traffic flow for vehicles”
Municipal Ordinances for 2005
01-2005 “An ordinance implementing Republic Act No. 9003, an act providing for an
ecological solid waste management program, creating the necessary institutional
mechanisms and incentives declaring certain acts prohibited and providing penalties,
appropriating funds therefore and other purpose”

04-2005 “An ordinance regulating legal parking of vehicles along the road which causes
obstruction to traffic and accidents”

06-2005 “An ordinance regulating the maximum speed limits of all motorists along main
thorough fares of the Municipality of Sta. Catalina”
Municipal Ordinances for 2006
01-2006 “An ordinance regulating smoking in public places including public
conveyances and providing penalties thereto in accordance with implementing rules and
regulations of Republic Act No. 9211 otherwise known as the Tobacco Act of 2003”
04-2006 “Pedestrianization along the streets within the municipality of Sta. Catalina,
Ilocos Sur”
05-2006 “An ordinance on the designation of Freedom Park”

Municipal Ordinances for 2007

05-2007 “An ordinance designating a portion of the road south of the Municipal
Auditorium as parking are of tricycle-for-hire (TFH) of this municipality.
Municipal Ordinance for 2008

05-2008 “An ordinance promulgating the rules and regulations to be observed by the
residents of the Municipality of Sta. Catalina, Ilocos Sur to safeguard and maintain all
existing mojons in their respective areas of responsibility and providing penalties for
violation thereof”
Municipal Ordinances for 2011

02-2011 “An ordinance regulating the use of the street along the vicinity of cockpit arena
at Barangay Cabaroan, Sta. Catalina, Ilocos Sur during the schedules of cockfighting by
designating it as one-side street parking only for all types of vehicles and providing
penalties for violation thereof”

03-2011 “An ordinance for the establishment of a diagnostic laboratory section under the
municipal health office (MHO), providing administrative guidelines therefor and
prescribing rate of fees for laboratory tests and blood chemistry analysis services
rendered by the municipal government of Sta. Catalina, Ilocos Sur”

04-2011 “An ordinance providing privileges to persons with disabilities in the

Municipality of Sta. Catalina, Ilocos Sur”

08-2011 “An ordinance for the naming of streets in Brgy. Poblacion, Municipality of Sta.
Catalina, Ilocos Sur”

09-2011 “An ordinance enacting the municipal environment code of the Municipality of
Sta. Catalina, Ilocos Sur”
Municipal Ordinances for 2012

02-2012 “An ordinance establishing the maternity and new born care facility clinic of
Sta. Catalina, Ilocos Sur and prescribing fees thereof”
Municipal Ordinance for 2017
 Municipal Ordinance No. 004, Series of 2017
“A ordinance adopting the integrated zoning regulations of the municipality of Sta.
Catalina, Ilocos Sur and providing for the administration, enforcement and amendment
thereof and for the repeal of all ordinances in conflict therewith.”
 Guidelines for the Basic Design of Mixed-Use Building

17.25.015 Development in urban waterfront.

Development within two hundred feet of the shoreline shall comply with Title 17B, Shoreline
Management Regulations. (Ord. 1295 § 9 (Exh. 1B) (part), 2011)

17.25.020 Design review.
Administrative design review will be used by the city to approve development (site plans and
architectural designs) in mixed-use districts. The planning director will make urban design
decisions based on the following guidelines to promote visual quality in these areas of the city.
(Ord. 1302 § 9 (Exh. C) (part), 2012: Ord. 1295 § 9 (Exh. 1B) (part), 2011: Ord. 948 § 16 (part),
1999)

17.25.030 Overall district design.

A.    Mixed-use development should create a new diverse and pedestrian-friendly neighborhood,
with a mix of housing, shopping, workplace and entertainment uses and nodes for transportation
access, all within a short walk of each other. A range of types, sizes, amenities, and uses will
enhance a series of inviting functional public spaces, including shopping streets and pedestrian-
friendly streetscapes, open spaces, courtyards, trails, residential, office, and retail in mixed-use
buildings. The design principles for buildings and streets are taken from traditional small towns
that provided a close-in community life.

B.    To foster pedestrian usage in the mixed-use district, sidewalks must be a minimum of ten
feet in width, except when the public works director determines this width is not feasible.
Permeable surfaces shall be utilized to the maximum extent feasible.

C.    Properties or development projects abutting major streets in the district shall have zero- to
ten-foot setbacks from the right-of-way, pedestrian-friendly storefronts with display windows
along fifty percent of their facade and the facades shall not be plain or sterile but incorporate
architectural features, such as windows, entrances and variations in setback, so that no wall plane
is wider or longer than two and one-half times the height of the wall plane. (Ord. 1390 § 6 (Exh.
C) (part), 2016: Ord. 1302 § 9 (Exh. C) (part), 2012: Ord. 1295 § 9 (Exh. 1B) (part), 2011: Ord.
948 § 16 (part), 1999)
17.25.040 Overall architectural design.
A.    Building design concepts should respond to the site plan by forming street edges and by
encouraging active, safe street life offering a variety of activities. Buildings should recognize site
patterns and help define entries to interior courtyards, building entrances, and public spaces to
encourage family and community activities.

B.    Use architectural styles that are associated with traditional neighborhood design and newer
multifamily designs that delineate separation of the units. Commercial architectural styles should
mimic the old main street concept with architectural context taken from waterfront, northwest
timber or historic building designs.

C.    The architectural designs shall utilize a variety of roof forms to create diverse elevations.
Residential units, office and commercial/retail spaces shall overlook the streets and courtyards as
part of a unified and defined sense of space.

D.    Parapets, cornices, shed roofs, dormers and other secondary roof forms create variety in the
units and break up the massing of the overall buildings. Varied roof heights and roof elements
also serve to reinforce the diverse experience of the streetscape. Vertical elements such as bays
and decks which sometimes carry to the ground and to upper levels help to create variation in the
facade that modulate the building facade.

E.    The materials used in design of the buildings should also reinforce the diverse experience of
the elevations. Roof colors should be coordinated to complement the color schemes.

F.    Plaza or courtyard materials can be used to create a community space, through the use of
color and scoring as patterns in the hardscape. Landscape creates diversity, provides color and
softens the building and hardscape environment, while benches or seating areas, play areas and
public art help residents and visitors enjoy the space and environment, making it a place where
people want to visit, shop, live and recreate. (Ord. 1302 § 9 (Exh. C) (part), 2012: Ord. 948 § 16
(part), 1999. Formerly § 17.25.050)

17.25.060 Overall building form.

Buildings should provide and enhance the pedestrian scale and orientation of the district. The
following concepts help to achieve that goal:

A.    Buildings shall be built to the property line or right-of-way easement to enclose a

pedestrian-oriented landscape. Pedestrian-oriented amenities are important. When development
accommodates specific pedestrian activities, the setback may vary up to twenty feet with city
approval, if the space is planned for outdoor dining associated with an eating establishment,
recessed plaza or specific district design standards or landscape needs. The setback cannot be
used for parking. See Exhibit C of Ordinance 948, Guideline 1: Overall Form, Guideline 6:
Street Walls and Guideline 7: Ground Floor Transparency.

B.    Buildings shall utilize elements such as massing, materials, windows, canopies and
articulated roof forms to create a visually distinct base as well as a cap.

C.    Within larger projects, variations in facades, floor levels, architectural features and exterior
finishes are encouraged to create the appearance of several smaller buildings. Upper stories shall
be articulated with features such as bays and balconies. See Exhibit C of Ordinance 948,
Guideline 8: Encouraging Varied Detail, and Guideline 9: Small Scale Building Increments.

D.    Special attention should be given to designing a primary building entrance, one that is
clearly visible from the street and incorporates changes in mass, surface, or finish to give
emphasis.

E.    Corner and public buildings because of location, purpose or size should be given special
attention in the form of building features, such as towers, cupolas, and pediments.

F.    The development of ground level view points and corridors as well as public balconies and
roof spaces which take advantage of solar access and views are encouraged.

G.    Minor pedestrian passages shall be provided between buildings where access is needed to
allow pedestrians to move through the district to another. See Exhibit C of Ordinance 948,
Guideline 4: Minor Pedestrian Passages. (Ord. 1302 § 9 (Exh. C) (part), 2012: Ord. 948 § 16
(part), 1999)

17.25.070 Building design.
A.    Architectural Details. The following architectural elements are required to provide visual
interest and create a sense of human scale:

1.    Awnings, Sunshades and Canopies. Weather protection is encouraged for pedestrian

street frontages with ground floor commercial. The minimum width of such elements shall
be four feet. Minimum height is eight feet, maximum height is twelve feet. Awnings with
painted signs are permitted; however, they must be externally lit. Internally illuminated
awnings are not permitted. See Exhibit C of Ordinance 948, Guideline 10: Weather
Protection.
 2.    Front Porches. Front porches, stoops, bay windows and dormers are encouraged on
buildings which contain residential dwellings.

3.    Trees, Plants and Flowers. The use of potted plants and flowers as well as street trees
are encouraged, but shall not impede pedestrian traffic.

4.    Street Furniture. Public seating, trash receptacles and informational directional kiosks
shall be of uniform design and be provided throughout district where needed. Sidewalk
widths, street trees, landscaping, weather protection, public art, street furniture and other
amenities for pedestrians in public rights-of-way and public plazas which are required and
are abutted by private development shall provide an additional three feet to six feet for a
total sidewalk width of no less than eight feet. See Exhibit C of Ordinance 948, Guideline
5: Pedestrian-Oriented Streetscapes.

5.    Exterior Lighting. Pedestrian areas need to be well-marked and well-lit. Exterior

lighting shall be an integral part of the architecture and landscape design. Street lighting
shall relate in scale to the pedestrian character of the area. Pedestrian lighting shall be
provided at a pedestrian scale of three to twelve feet, with the source light being shielded to
reduce glare, thereby encouraging safe access to these areas twenty-four hours per day.
Overall, lighting and pedestrian zone lighting is needed but shall not create glare or light
spillage off site or beyond parking lots and streets. See Exhibit C of Ordinance 948,
Guideline 3: Lighting Pedestrian Zone.

B.    Building Fenestration.

1.    Facades. Any facade visible from a public right-of-way, pedestrian corridor or public
open space should incorporate fenestration. Fenestration patterns for street level uses
should have generous amounts of clear glass and be designed to incorporate displays. Glass
curtain walls, reflective glass, and painted or dark tinted glass are not permitted.
See Exhibit C of Ordinance 948, Guideline 7: Ground Floor Transparency.

2.    Blank Walls. Where windowless walls are necessitated by the uses housed within the
building, they shall have an interesting exterior treatment such as artwork, decorative tile,
or masonry, or trellises with plant material. Blank walls visible from a public way, larger
than ten feet in any dimension, which exceed two hundred square feet, must be screened by
one of the above methods. See Exhibit C of Ordinance 948, Guideline 21: Blank Walls.
 3.    Street Visibility. Upper and lower story windows are encouraged to overlook streets
and open spaces, thereby helping to provide “community eyes” to make these spaces more
comfortable and safe. See Exhibit C of Ordinance 948, Guideline 11: Design for Pedestrian
Safety.

C.    Proportions. The scale of all structures in relationship to other structures and spaces is
important. Buildings and the spaces between should relate easily and openly to the external
public areas. To balance horizontal features on longer facades, vertical building elements, such
as building entries, should be emphasized.

D.    Modulation. Building facades visible from public rights-of-way, pedestrian corridors or

public open space, except for ground floor commercial, shall be modulated approximately every
forty feet. The modulation shall have a minimum depth of four feet.

E.    Articulation. Facades should be varied and articulated to provide visual interest to

pedestrians. The roof line of buildings should be modulated and should include interesting
architectural features, such as decorative eave, trim, or cornice. Window articulation through use
of a decorative trim, such as window hoods and the use of smaller regularly spaced windows in
upper stories with smaller divided lights. Storefront designs and materials should be allowed to
be unique while maintaining the character of the building facade of which they are a part. The
base of buildings should be articulated through use of plinths, pilasters or other elements.

F.    Materials and Colors. Exterior building materials and finishes should convey an impression
of permanence and durability. Materials such as masonry, stone, stucco, wood, terra cotta, and
tile are encouraged. Where masonry is used for exterior finish, decorative patterns should be
considered. These patterns could include a change in color or material. Exterior colors should be
given careful consideration in the context of the surrounding buildings and environment.

G.    Screening.

1.    All wall-mounted mechanical, electrical, communication, and service equipment,

including satellite dishes and vent pipes, shall be screened from public view by parapets,
walls, fences, landscaping or other approved means.

2.    All rooftop and sidewall mechanical equipment and other extensions allowed above
the building height shall be concealed by or integrated within the roof form or screened
from view. The following appurtenances or necessary extensions above the roofline that
 require screening include: stair wells, elevator shafts, air conditioning units, large vents,
heat pumps and mechanical equipment.

3.    Service and loading areas must be screened from street and pedestrian ways.
See Exhibit C of Ordinance 948, Guideline 12: Screening Utility Equipment and Services.

H.    Pedestrian Access. Pedestrian and bicycle paths and connections are required within the
development and shall be provided to the closest activity areas (i.e., schools, business area, park,
major arterial, etc.). See Section 17B.25.120, Guideline 20: Parks and Open Space. (Ord. 1302
§ 9 (Exh. C) (part), 2012: Ord. 1295 § 9 (Exh. 1B) (part), 2011; Ord. 1101 § 4 (part), 2004; Ord.
948 § 16 (part), 1999)

17.25.080 Signage.
Signage in the mixed-use district should be done to clearly relay information and should be
appropriate scale to the buildings and should focus on the close-in nature of the slow vehicle and
pedestrian traffic. Signage shall be consistent throughout district.

A.    Where possible, signs should be an integral part of the building rather than an afterthought.
Wall-mounted signs shall not project more than six inches from the building.

B.    Sign creativity is encouraged. Signs may be fabricated of mixed media, including metal
reverse-illuminated letters, suspended neon letters, illuminated individual letters, signs etched or
cut out of solid material such as wood or brass and illuminated from behind.

C.    Building-mounted or wall signs for retail shops and commercial area will be located in the
storefront area above the door height and below canopy (typically eight feet above floor).

D.    Signs shall be centered between architectural elements and between columns to allow
building architecture to be expressed. Signs shall not necessarily be centered on lease premises.

E.    Signs shall be compatible in scale and proportion with building design and other signs.

F.    Signage shall be placed facing primary pedestrian streets.

G.    Overhanging, building-mounted or blade signs which hang from the canopy, arcade or
building front may be utilized to increase visibility. Overhanging signs shall not have an area of
more than three square feet or exceed two inches in thickness. Overhanging signs area is not
included in signage area allowed under the sign code. The bottom of the sign shall not be lower
than eight feet aboveground.
H.    Letter height shall not exceed eighteen inches. Larger first letters up to twenty-four inches
will be permitted.

I.    Length of the signs shall not be more than two-thirds of the overall “leased” facade area or
less than three feet from demising wall of lease premises. Each sign is calculated separately and
shall conform to all applicable maximum area limitations. Calculated maximum areas are not
transferable to other facades. Each tenant is allowed to place signage on no more than two
facades.

J.    Awnings with signs painted on them are allowed, but the awnings cannot be internally
illuminated.

K.    Monument signs and wall signs cannot be internally illuminated. (Ord. 1302 § 9 (Exh. C)
(part), 2012: Ord. 1295 § 9 (Exh. 1B) (part), 2011: Ord. 948 § 16 (part), 1999)

17.25.090 Off-street parking—Parking facilities—Lots—Structures.

A.    Off-street parking in commercial areas shall either be behind or to the side of development
with ground-floor retail along the street frontage.

B.    Structured parking and/or shared or joint parking is encouraged to maximize development

potential in mixed-use districts.

C.    A minimum of curb cuts should be allowed in mixed-use zones for parking access.

D.    Adjacent street frontage to commercial properties can be counted on a one-to-one basis

towards the parking requirement on streets that are improved and have designated parking.

E.    Two parking spaces for each two-bedroom and larger residential dwelling unit and one and
one-half parking space for each studio and one-bedroom unit, and one guest space per every four
units shall be provided on site. Parking for the commercial/retail/office space shall be determined
using the parking matrix contained in Chapter 17.56, Off-Street Parking.

F.    Employee parking shall be provided on site, or as part of a shared parking agreement or at a

parking structure.

G.    Joint or shared access, and off-street parking, internal circulation or parking is encouraged
with adjacent uses.
H.    A development can reduce the required off-street parking spaces up to fifty percent when it
can be demonstrated, in a parking-traffic study, prepared by a traffic engineer, that use of transit
or demand management programs, special characteristics or customer, client, employee or
resident population will reduce expected vehicle use and parking space demand for their
development, as compared to standard Institute of Transportation Engineers vehicle trip
generation rates and city parking requirements.

I.    Parking lots shall have internal landscaping as well as be screened from streets and
pedestrian ways. (See Exhibit C of Ordinance 948, Guidelines 22: Parking Lots—Landscape
Design and 23: Pedestrian Environment—Screening Parking Lots.)

J.    Parking garages shall be screened to improve the pedestrian environment in mixed-use

zones. (See Exhibit C of Ordinance 948, Guideline 24: Pedestrian Environment—
Screening Parking Garages.) (Ord. 1302 § 9 (Exh. C) (part), 2012: Ord. 1295 § 9 (Exh. 1B)
(part), 2011: Ord. 1101 § 4 (part), 2004; Ord. 948 § 16 (part), 1999)

17.25.100 Landscape design.
A.    Development in a mixed-use district should have extensive landscaping of large parking
areas, along streetscapes and for pedestrian-oriented open spaces which can be seen from the
street and pedestrian-oriented areas. Landscaping can also help to define areas and separate areas
thereby bringing a human scale to these intense uses.

B.    Parking areas shall have one tree per every four parking stalls or have trees between every
two to four ferry loading lanes. (See Exhibit C of Ordinance 948, Guideline 22: Parking Lots.)
Parking areas must be screened from all pedestrian-oriented areas through the use of trees,
shrubs, walls and/or trellis structures with plants. See Exhibit C of Ordinance 948, Guideline 22:
Parking Lots—Landscape Design.

C.    Parking lots shall provide landscaping next to buildings and along walkways. Parking lots
shall provide enough trees so that fifty percent of the lot is shaded within a five-year period and
landscape beds have a ninety percent ground coverage in five years.

D.    Arbors or trellises supporting living landscape materials should be considered for

ornamentation on exterior walls. Any such feature should cover an area of at least one hundred
square feet and include sufficient plantings to achieve at least thirty percent coverage by plant
materials within three years.
E.    Where pedestrian activity is encouraged onto the site, the screening doesn’t have to be sight
obscuring.

F.    Utilities are required to be underground and aboveground equipment shall be located away
from major pedestrian streets and corners. Equipment boxes and vaults must be placed in back of
the sidewalk and where landscaping can minimize or screen their impact. See Exhibit C of
Ordinance 948, Guideline 12: Screening Utility Equipment and Services. (Ord. 1390 § 6 (Exh.
C) (part), 2016: Ord. 1302 § 9 (Exh. C) (part), 2012: Ord. 1295 § 9 (Exh. 1B) (part), 2011: Ord.
948 § 16 (part), 1999)

 Guidelines for Universal Access

According to batas pambansa blg. 344, an act to enhance the mobility of disabled persons
by requiring certain buildings; institutions, establishments, and public utilities to install
facilities and other devices.

4.1.3 States that streets, highways, and transport related structures to be constructed.
Streets, highways and transport related structures shall be provided with the following barrier
free facilities and accessibility features at every pedestrian crossing: ramps and other
accessible features in the buildings.

1.2.3 The provision of adequate space for wheelchair maneuvering generally ensures
adequate space for disabled persons. The length of wheelchairs varies from 1.10 m to 1.30 m.
The width of wheelchairs is from 0.60 m to 0.75 m. A circle of 1.50 m in diameter is a
suitable guide in the planning of wheelchair turning spaces. The comfortable reach of persons
confined to wheelchairs is from 0.70 m to 1.20 m above the floor and not less than 0. 40 m
from room corners. The comfortable clearance for knee and leg space under tables for
wheelchair under is 0.74 m. Counter heights shall be placed at a level comfortable to disabled
persons reach.
 Rule number 3 category 2 group e general wholesale and retail stores must be barrier-free
facilities and features required in stairs, walkaways, corridors, doors and windows, washrooms and
toilets, ramps, parking area, switches, controls, buzzers, handrails, thresholds, floor finishes, drinking
fountains, public telephone.

 Relevant International Standards

According to LA the port of Los Angeles these are the universal standard in creating a
promenade along the shore:
a) A continuous promenade should be provided, where possible, at the water’s edge. Generally
this path should be 30 feet wide but can vary in width based on anticipated pedestrian and
bicycle traffic and given varying site conditions.
b) Views of the water should be maximized whenever possible.
c) Create and provide for multiple zones of use within the promenade defined by different uses,
varying materials, and grade.
d) Locate guardrails or low walls as required along the edges of the promenade to protect
pedestrians from elevation changes.
e) Provide distinct marked paths for walking and cycling to separate use and promote safety.
f) Create a unified pathway feeling through the con - consistent application of design and
materials.
g) Utilize rows of trees to define pathways.
h) To the extent feasible, design with a significant ma - material change within 6 feet of the
water’s edge using wood for pathways and metal grating in areas over water.
i) Provide seating elements, including benches, seat walls, and stairs, with water views along
the length of the promenade
j) Locate furnishings, such as benches and waste receptacles, along a consistent zone adjacent
to or within the promenade
k) Integrate pedestrian lighting into the design of the promenade.
l) Integrate banners into the light fixtures at the waterfront to advertise events, festivals, and
seasonal celebrations
m) Sidewalks should be the primary pedestrian connections along city streets.
n) Sidewalks should have a minimum width of 8 feet to allow pedestrians to move freely and
comfortably.
o) Sidewalks in areas with higher use and commercial or mixed-use facilities should be wider, a
minimum of 12 feet wide
 p) Crosswalks and curb ramps should be located at each corner intersection to provide safe,
accessible street crossings. Signalized crosswalks should be provided at major intersections.
q) Design intersections to promote pedestrian safety and comfort by minimizing crossing
distance, maximizing pedestrian visibility, and slowing traffic.
r) Curb cuts should be minimized with alleys used, where possible, for service and access
functions to reduce disruption to the streetscape and avoid conflicts with pedestrians and
bicycles.
s) Wherever possible, commercial, industrial, and large residential properties should consolidate
driveways by interconnecting parking lots and loading area entries.
t) Utilities should be located to minimize disruption to pedestrian travel and site furnishings or
landscaping while still maintaining necessary access for maintenance and emergencies.
u) Bike lanes should be a minimum width of 5 feet, wider if space is available or usage is high.
v) Provide designated bike lanes marked with non slick reflective material and stencils.
w) To increase visibility, lanes can be colored continuously in addition to striping. A portion of a
lane can be colored in high-conflict areas to alert drivers of the presence of bicyclists.
x) Dashed markings should be used through intersections to guide bicyclists and alert drivers to
the presence of bicyclists.
 Standard design for Special Facilities and Amenities
According to the planning and designing for person’s with disabilities there are standard design in
building a promenade:
a) The use of scale is important in a big Port such as this. Within the large area of the Port, it is
important to use smaller gateways throughout.
b) Interpretive panels along the promenade and waterfront should explain the history and ecology of
the Port, identify types of marine craft or life in the harbor, support the Maritime Museum
exhibits, and/ or explain the geography of the immediate area and deal with other themes related
to the area. These panels should relate to the sign system but may have a very different character
within each sub-area. Two options are detailed below, presenting a horizontal and a vertical
treatment.
c) Utilize lighting to increase connectivity with the surrounding communities through common
lighting elements
d) Create an attractive, safe, and active daytime and nighttime waterfront environment for vehicle,
pedestrian, and bicycle use.
e) Pedestrian lights can help unify the design of the landscape while providing a distinction between
areas of different activity.
f) The use of railings and benches for people who can rest and mesmerize the view.
g) Ramps along the entrance and exits of the buildings
 h) Public bathroom for all ages including LGBTQ+A people.
i) Provide security posts and personnel including cctv’s for safety puirposes
 Parking Requirements

Parking and Loading space requirements:

This is the standard requirements for parking based on Building Code of the Philippines
v Size of average parking are is 2.4mx5m for perpendicular or diagonal parking.
v 2mx6m for parallel parking.
v Truck or bus parking shall have minimum of 3.6mx12m.
 Case Study
 Projects Abroad
1. BQ-Park
Location:
Brooklyn
New York
Size: .5
miles
 The Brooklyn Expressway, or BQE, built by Robert Moses in the 1950s, is an
iconic piece of New York City infrastructure that has accommodated car and
truck traffic for more than 60 years. As the triple-cantilever structure along
Brooklyn Heights shows signs of corrosion and aging. New York City has taken a
challenge of repairing the roadway, spanning from Sands Street in Dumbo to
Atlantic Avenue in Cobble Hill. Constrained by limitations of working within
DOT jurisdiction, official proposals so far have been limited to rebuilding similar
conditions- aging roadways, temporary and permanent, which would continue to
act as barriers between the Brooklyn community and its waterfront.
Inspired by
the
opportunity to
work in our
own backyard,
BIG has

developed an integrated proposal we dub BQP – how to turn the BQ-Expressway

into a BQ-Park, while still accommodating significant vehicle flows along the
route. Construction of an at-grade roadway along Furman Street and Brooklyn
Bridge Park, covered with a simple deck structure, is the first step of a waterfront
transformation. This deck provides a platform for adding significant new parkland
along an underused corridor, while connecting Brooklyn Heights to Brooklyn
Bridge Park with a preserved or re-constructed cliffside – crisscrossed by
rampways, greenery, and park amenities. Local park access is accommodated on a
meandering parkway, while space is created for a potential spur of the BQX light-
rail line. The deck structure extends south to Atlantic Avenue – where it creates a
new crossing and urban nexus, and the beginnings of a linear park which could
eventually connect DUMBO to Red Hook. The simple structural approach, and
one-time construction of the new roadway, create a more feasible and less costly
solution for reconstruction of the BQE, while delivering far more benefits to the
community.
 The result is a condition more reminiscent of Brooklyn Heights historical
conditions – where city and river interlaced seamlessly, prior to construction of
the highway. With this proposal, we hope to build on the great work already being
undertaken by many to think proactively about the problem – and look forward to
working with the Brooklyn community to find the best solutions for the BQE’s
future!

 Feasibility
 Simple structure approach
 De-conflicts construction from community and active traffic
 Minimizes or eliminates temporary roadway elements
 Avoid sensitive historical areas completely
 Minimizes parkland alienation
 Community benefits
 Reduce construction impacts- preserves historical promenade
 Vastly improved waterfront condition
 Creation of new parkland
 Improved the N-S and E-W connectivity
 Improved sound and air quality
 Opportunities for new community amenities
 Potential for light rail

2. Islais Hyper
Location:
Length:
Islas Hyper Creek is a vision for the area where ecology and industry co-exist in harmony. A
large park with a restored tidal creek system and soft shoreline shares the area with maritime
functions, light manufacturing, and logistics that have formed the area’s economic backbone for
decades. This park plays an important role in building physical and social resilience: it retains,
conveys and cleans water, protecting the surrounding neighborhoods while providing amenities
and benefits to the community. Present-day industrial functions are consolidated in a smaller
area, clustered with complementary programs. This increases their efficiency and provides new
economic opportunities.
The BIG + ONE + Sherwood team has highlighted six potential pilot projects to kickstart the
long-term vision for a resilient Islas Hyper-Creek. These include:
 1. Islais Creek Gateway: At
Pier 90, underutilized land
can be naturalized into soft
shorelines to better handle
storm surge, creating a
gateway park to Bayview
and space for stacked
vertical industry and
working spaces along the
iconic grain silos, kicking
off a longer-term
naturalization of the creek's
southern edge.
2. Living Levee: At the
Southeast Plant, natural treatment systems can be piloted along the creek, using wetlands to
process waste water, and tying in to a future decking of the plant itself, creating space for much-
needed recreation, open space, and education opportunities for the neighborhood.
3. River Park: Along Cesar Chavez Boulevard, existing vehicle yards can be consolidated and
stacked in a future district facility, creating space for a daylit creek along its historic path and
opportunities for living by the water along its banks.
4. SF Food District: The San
Francisco Produce Market will
be modernizing in the future.
By incorporating additional
functions, it can help kick-off
the creation of a future food
and clean logistics district in
the heart of the basin, where
production, storage, selling,
and enjoyment of the area's
products come together as a
new destination in Bayview.
5. Living with Water: Alemany
Farmer's Market sits at a
critical pinch point in the
creek's flow. Rethinking the
site, we can accommodate space for water, doubling as a park, flanked by a new market and
space for housing overhead, with adjacent parcels underneath the freeways doubling as parking
and water reservoirs.
6. Innovation Cove: At the bay shore, land circling Warm Water Cove can help extend the city's
waterfront network into the southeast, providing a platform for a new innovation dock, local
business incubators, research facilities, and experiments in resilient floating architecture form a
hub of innovation for the city
The working group has arrived at these pilots based on their ability to align with various current
and planned projects or studies initiated by the City and the Port. This will allow agencies and
local organizations to form a
planning process around them and
be drivers for their future
implementation.

3.Watch Flower

Created as a three dimensional promenade that floats in the space above the harbor edge and the
water at DOCK 7 in Aarhus Harbor.
A 155 m long sloping promenade meanders like a mountain path along a cliff side peaking at the
height of 7.5 meters. Designed with handicap accessibility, head clearance and statics in mind,
the promenade takes shape as a flower gradually growing from the concrete harbor edge towards
the sky.
Each turn offers a new viewpoint with unique views to Aarhus Cathedral, the historical city
centre, the leisure harbor and the Aarhus bay area.
At the same time the experience of going from the harbor edge to the viewpoints becomes a three
dimensional journey of discovery about the meeting between city and bay, land and water.

The design was developed for an invited competition put out by the city's municipality, to create
a landmark urban sculpture for the new district in Denmark's second largest city. 

As the name suggests, the Watch Flower takes its shape from the natural act of a flower
gradually opening or
extending its petals as
the sun rises. The
structure is a three-
dimensional promenade,
which cantilevers from
the harbor edge and
hovers above the water
at Dock 7. 

The petal shapes create a

155-meter-long
walkway, taking visitors
on a meandering, ever-
rising journey with various breathtaking views along the way including the Aarhus cathedral, the
historical city center, the leisure harbor and the Aarhus bay area.

Although poetic,
the design did not make
the final cut in the
competition. Dorte
Mandrup Arkitekter won with
their welded steel tower
and pavilion-like
viewing platform.  
4. Roxas Boulevard
Location: Metro Manila, Philippines
Length: 7.6 km (4.7 mi)

Roxas Boulevard is a popular waterfront promenade in Metro Manila in the Philippines. The

boulevard, which runs along the shores of Manila Bay, is well known for its sunsets and stretch
of coconut trees. The divided roadway has become a trademark of Philippine tourism, famed for
its yacht club, hotels, restaurants, commercial buildings and parks. Originally called Cavite
Boulevard, it was renamed Dewey Boulevard in honor of the American Admiral George Dewey,
whose forces defeated the Spanish navy in the Battle of Manila Bay in 1898. The boulevard was
again renamed to Heiwa Boulevard in late 1941 during Japanese Home Rule and Roxas
Boulevard in the 1960s to honor President Manuel Roxas, the fifth president of the Republic of
Philippines.
The Cavite Boulevard was part of Architect Daniel Burnham's plan for beautifying the city of
Manila. At the request of Commissioner William Cameron Forbes, Burnham visited the country
in 1905 at the height of the City Beautiful movement, a trend in the early 1900s in America for
making cities beautiful along scientific lines, for the future urban development of Manila
and Baguio.
Original concept

Construction of Cavite Boulevard, 1912

According to Burnham's original concept of the Cavite Boulevard, the bayfront from the
Luneta southward should be a continuous parkway, extending in the course of time all the way to
the Cavite Navy Yard about 20 miles (32 km) away. This boulevard, about 250 ft (76 m) in
width, with roadways, tramways, bridle path, rich plantations, and broad sidewalks, should be
available for all classes of people in all sorts of conveyances, and so well shaded with coconut
palms, bamboo, and mangoes as to furnish protection from the elements at all times.
Today, the baywalk faces another problem: informal settlers and kiosks have sprouted. The
Manila government claims limited financial capacity and, judging by the state of their public
spaces, seems to pay little attention to the maintenance of such spaces.

As I was searching online I found a website that shows proposal for the Manila Baywalk
by ArchHIVE, it is an extension of BluPrint’s latest book venture called Design Better: 21
Proposals by 100 Designers to Provoke Discussion and Debate. 
Design Objectives
Rejuvenating Manila Baywalk would enhance local and foreign tourism, connect the community,
and reinstate the site as a source of enjoyment and pride instead of disgust and shame. A redesign
of the Manila Baywalk must be comprehensive to address the social, economic, and
environmental issues of the waterfront promenade and end the problem-solution-problem cycle.
ArchHIVE’s proposal aims to achieve the following:

 Promote the baywalk as a significant tourism corridor to other destinations of Manila by

providing access to different transport modes.
 Accommodate profitable urban activities.
 Create an appealing, enjoyable, and storm-resilient waterfront.

Four nodes along the Baywalk are strategic locations for restaurants and other support facilities
like bathrooms. Footbridges will also be provided at these points to better connect them to the
other side of Roxas Boulevard.
Between the nodes are open spaces dedicated to pedestrian leisure and recreation. Each segment
is themed according to the adjacent district being supported. The northern segment of baywalk is
for Arts and Culture since destinations in this area are mostly museums and heritage landmarks.
The central segment dedicated to the high-density commercial district will have spaces for
gathering. The southern portion is for play and passion since the destinations at this part of the
city are sports facilities and theaters for performing arts. The whole stretch offers experiences
mirroring the city.
Manila’s center line
We derive inspiration from the Quezon Memorial Circle, an existing urban park. Quezon
Memorial, located at the center of the elliptical road in Quezon City, is accessible through
different transport modes including the future MRT-7 line. It has been the venue for recreational
activities in the city. 8,000 people go to Quezon Memorial Circle on weekdays and 12,000 on
weekends. Recreational facilities and urban necessities were pl aced and have been generating 3
million pesos in monthly income. Rather than treating Manila Baywalk as an edge, the success of
Quezon City Memorial Circle can be replicated at the waterfront so it can be maximized as
“Manila’s Center Line” for recreation.

A comprehensive vision
Developing the waterfront cannot be done by a single solution. Realization must come into
phases and gradual development. Each phase has its vision to realize, but, taken together, the
steps will ensure long-term benefits.
Visiting Manila Baywalk usually involves walking hundreds of meters from the closest train
station, or riding a car or taxi. Access by jeepney multicab is available only at the southern tip of
waterfront within the compound of CCP complex, but this transport mode is barely used by
commuters. Tourists sometimes opt to ride the kalesas (horse-drawn carriages), a novel
experience by the bay.
Vision 1: An intermodal transport Corridor
To bring it to its full potential, Manila Baywalk should first establish new connections. By
providing new transport options and creating new nodes along its stretch, the baywalk will
become more accessible. Transforming it into a multimodal corridor to significant places in
Manila, the new Manila Baywalk will not only serve as Manila’s balcony overlooking sunset
along its bay but also a passageway to iconic destinations in the city: the Mall of Asia Complex,
the Cultural Center of the Philippines, Manila Ocean Park, and the future Manila CBD adjacent
to Baseco Compound. Connecting them via water taxi will not only improve the mobility of
people but will also offer a unique Manila Bay experience. A new electric jeepney route will also
be available.
A view of the footbridge connecting the parallel areas of the proposed Manila Baywalk.
Vision 2: An engaging public space

After the enhancement of waterfront connections to other destinations, Baywalk should establish
a sustainable source of income for its operation and maintenance. It must redefine itself and
change its focus from merely being Manila’s balcony for sunsets to an active space for the
community. With this vision, the baywalk will host new urban amenities and activities. There
will be defined spaces for promotions, gatherings, recreation, and other programs. Apart from
this, the service road of Roxas Boulevard will be given wider sidewalks to become a promenade
which will be beneficial to existing building programs like stores and restaurants.
Material recovery facilities will be located on both ends of Manila Baywalk, where most waste
usually piles up.

Vision 3: A resilient and sustainable waterfront

The new plan of Manila Baywalk is designed to disseminate the force of the extreme waves. The
straight path walk will also serve as a wider drain for the overflows of Manila Bay – collecting
the water faster and delivering it back to the sea. Solid wastes floating from the bay and the
wastes from establishments will be collected and segregated at the provided material recovery
facilities.
5. Puerto Princesa Bay walk
Location: Puerto Princesa, Palawan
Length: 2 km (1.2 mi)

Baywalk Park is a popular spot in Puerto Princesa, both

for locals and for tourists visiting the city. Located at the southwest entrance of Puerto Princesa
Bay, it is getting busy every night of the week with numerous stands where you can eat local and
international food and have a drink.
For a small fee, you can rent a bike or a bike with side-car and boats for a ride around the island.
Which shows Puerto Princesa’s potential as a green, clean, bicycle-friendly city preserving its
own UNESCO world heritage name not just the underground river but also the island itself.
The popular promenade stretches for 2 km (1.2 mi), from the U.S. Embassy, past the
yacht club and to the cultural center.
Baywalk Park is also a place
where the city regularly holds
events with live bands, beauty
pageants and singing contents. The
most important celebration of the
year in Baywalk is undoubtfully
the lightning of the Christmas tree
made of recyclable materials in the
first week of December.
6. Rizal Boulevard
Location: Dumaguete City- Negros Occidental
Length: 780 meters long

The center of all activities in Dumaguete City revolves around the Rizal Boulevard. It is
named after Jose Rizal because our national hero used to spend his time at the boulevard
whenever he was in Dumaguete. So many lovers remember the memories of the time they spent
together whispering sweet nothings.They just sit close together. Girl asks the boy what he is
thinking about. The boy answers, “Parehos sa imong gihuna-huna (same as what you are
thinking),” and the girl replies, “BASTOS!”

The Rizal boulevard has not been improved for a long time. Finally, the present
administration of Dumaguete City is widening the boulevard to give more space for people to
play beach volleyball and do “ZUMBA” and dance sport as well. More activities will surely take
place in the boulevard and more people will flock to its expanse 24 hours a day, seven days a
week. Reclamation at the Rizal boulevard will be very profitable to the city because real estate in
the boulevard are rented out or sold at relatively high rates due to its location. More money
should be invested in the boulevard. Benches should also be improved. The lawn should be kept
green and the drinking fountain should be kept clean. Dogs and other pets should be prohibited.
It should be well-lighted all night and the anti littering policy should be strictly enforced.
Begging should be prohibited. Loud music and speeches should be prohibited as well.
 The Rizal Boulevard was built in 1916 and extends 780 meters long. It was named after
Jose Rizal who is said to wile away a few hours on this stretch. The boulevard of Dumaguete
City is really where dreams are fulfilled. Civil works are in full swing for the development of the
shoreline protection at the south end of Rizal Boulevard.

Mayor Felipe Antonio Remollo said that the primary purpose of the project is to repair the
damaged seawall, build a shoreline protection to prevent flooding and storm surges affecting the
coastal Barangays of Tinago and Poblacion 4 while creating more open spaces for sports, rest
and recreation to include planting of planting of foxtail palm trees.

At the same time that the City Government continues to develop the boulevard, the garbage
problem in Barangay Candau-ay is also moving forward. In fact, the City Government has
allocated P 22 million to purchase the equipment and machinery that will turn solid wastes into
useful byproducts like bricks and hollow blocks for infrastructure projects.

Ongoing construction update

 Prop
osed Development Plan
Mayor Remollo said that the pyrolysis machine along with other equipment will be
housed in the newly-completed Central Materials Recovery Facility inside the Eco-Park will
guarantee that the old dumpsite will be closed for good.

Among the equipment included in project of commissioning the proposed pyrolysis

gasification process are environmental pollution control devices; food waste pulverizer; plastic
densifier melting machine with EPCD; mortar mixer; hollow block machine; non-biodegradable
shredder; municipal waste shredder and rotary composter and heavyduty biodegradable shredder.
Bibliography

Roxas Boulevard - Wikipedia

Design Better Extended: ArchHIVE proposes to revive the Manila Baywalk connection - BluPrint
(onemega.com)

Puerto Princesa Baywalk | Drupal

Visit Puerto Princesa City Baywalk Park on your trip to Puerto Princesa (inspirock.com)

Puerto Princesa - Wikipedia

Rizal Boulevard in Dumaguete City - Negros Oriental

la_waterfront_design_guidelines_2014 (lawaterfront.org)

Promenade as Landscape Architecture Strategy for Riverbanks of Small Danube Cities: Komárno and
Štúrovo | IntechOpen