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HAZOP is a structured hazard identification tool using a multi-disciplined team. It has become accepted as the
main technique for the identification of process hazards in the design and operation of a facility. Other
identification techniques by discipline review or compliance with checklists are limited by their reliance on
previous experience and constrained by their narrow approach. HAZOP is based on brainstorming and has
important advantages over other techniques.
The method is equally applicable to major green-field developments, brown-field projects, small plant
modifications or operating procedures. The concept is to break the plant into small sections and then to
identify hazards by examining each section and using a series of parameter and guide word filters to structure
the brainstorming process.
The objective of a HAZOP study is to examine the design to identify any hazards that could result in injury to
persons, environmental pollution, damage to equipment or structures, or have a serious impact on operations.
These risks should be controlled and minimised by applying suitable physical or operational safeguards.
The HAZOP process is best understood if divided into the following steps: