GENERAL MATHEMATICS 11

Name: _____________________ Grade Level: _______________

Date: ______________________ Score: _____________________

Learning Activity Sheet

Distinguishing Rational Functions, Rational Equations and Rational
Inequality

Background Information for Learners

Rational Function or expression, Rational Equations and Rational Inequalities are

three sister terms in the fields of mathematics. These three terms are so connected to each
other but differ by some elements
This learning activity sheet aims to distinguish these three terms and find the
uniqueness of each term. Also, this also aims to familiarize the students into these
mathematical ideas before proceeding to further topics which inclused solving of these.
Learning Competency
Distinguishes rational function, rational equation, and rational inequality. (M11GM-Ib-2)
Activity 1: Describe me.
Directions: write words that you think best describes the following terms.

rational
Function

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 Rational
Equation

rational
inequality

Activity 2:Where do I Belong?

Directions: Identify on which group do the following expressions and functions belong.
Identify whether they are rational function/expression, rational equation or rational
inequality.

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 𝑥+3 𝑥 𝑥+3 4𝑥 2 + 2𝑥 + 8 5𝑥 2 + 2𝑥 + 3 4𝑥 2 + 6𝑥 + 3
+ =1 ≥2 =9
𝑥 3 2 2 + 3𝑥 3
𝑥+3
𝑥+1 9𝑥 + 16 2𝑥 + 9 𝑥 + 1 𝑥2 3 𝑥 + 16
+ ≤0
>2 3𝑥 7𝑥 + =4 ≤0
3 𝑥 3 2𝑥 3𝑥
𝑥+2 4𝑥 2 +2𝑥+8
=2
𝑥 + 9 2𝑥 + 3 8𝑥 + 1 4𝑥 2 + 8𝑥 + 2
=1 2+3𝑥 + >0
𝑥 3 7 𝑥 2𝑥 + 3

Rational Function or Rational Equation Rational Inequality

Expression

𝒙+𝟑 𝑥 𝑥+3 𝑥+1

+ =1 >2
𝒙 3 2 3
𝟗𝒙 + 𝟏𝟔 𝑥+2 4𝑥 2 + 2𝑥 + 8
=1 ≥2
𝒙 𝑥 2 + 3𝑥
4𝑥 2 +2𝑥+8 2𝑥 + 9 𝑥 + 1
𝟓𝒙𝟐 + 𝟐𝒙 + 𝟑 =2 + ≤0
2+3𝑥 3𝑥 7𝑥
𝒙+𝟑
𝟒𝒙𝟐 + 𝟖𝒙 + 𝟐 𝑥2 3 8𝑥 + 1
+ =4 >0
𝟐𝒙 + 𝟑 3 2𝑥 𝑥
𝒙 + 𝟗 𝟐𝒙 + 𝟑 4𝑥 2 + 6𝑥 + 3 𝑥 + 16
+ =9 ≤0
𝟑 𝟕 3 3𝑥

Activity 3: Compare and Contrast

Directions: Using all the knowledge gathered through all the activities, compare and
contrast rational function or expression, rational equation and rational inequality using Venn-
Euler Diagram

Rational Function or
Expression

Rational Equation
Rational Inequality

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 Guide Questions
3. How are the three terms related?
4. How to distinguish each term?
Rubrics for scoring (activity 3)
Rubric Description Weight
Conciseness of the answer The answers given are concise which 20%
are less words more thought.
Organization The answers are organize in a way 30%
that it is easy to understand.
Relevance The answers given are relevant and 40%
cited from a reliable source.
Creativeness The students put an effort to make a 10%
visual improvement on his Venn-
Euler Diagram.

Generalization
Direction: Write a brief summary on the characteristics of rational function or expression,
rational equality and rational inequality.

_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________.
References for the Learners
3. (https://study.com/academy/lesson/rational-function-definition-equation-examples.html)

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 4. (https://www.wyzant.com/resources/answers/10941/what_distinguishes_a_rational_express
ion_from_a_rational_equation)

Answer Key
Activity 1:

“No Specific answer”

Activity 2:

Rational Function or Rational Equation Rational Inequality

Expression

𝒙+𝟑 𝑥 𝑥+3 𝑥+1

+ =1 >2
𝒙 3 2 3
𝟗𝒙 + 𝟏𝟔 𝑥+2 4𝑥 2 + 2𝑥 + 8
=1 ≥2
𝒙 𝑥 2 + 3𝑥
4𝑥 2 +2𝑥+8 2𝑥 + 9 𝑥 + 1
𝟓𝒙𝟐 + 𝟐𝒙 + 𝟑 =2 + ≤0
2+3𝑥 3𝑥 7𝑥
𝒙+𝟑
𝟒𝒙𝟐 + 𝟖𝒙 + 𝟐 𝑥2 3 8𝑥 + 1
+ =4 >0
𝟐𝒙 + 𝟑 3 2𝑥 𝑥
𝒙 + 𝟗 𝟐𝒙 + 𝟑 4𝑥 2 + 6𝑥 + 3 𝑥 + 16
+ =9 ≤0
𝟑 𝟕 3 3𝑥

Activity 3:
“No specific Answer”

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 GENERAL MATHEMATICS 11
Name: _____________________ Grade Level: ______________
Date: ______________________ Score: ____________________

Learning Activity Sheet

Solving Rational Equations and Inequalities

Background Information for Learners

A rational expression is an expression that can be written as a ratio of two

polynomials.
A rational expression can be described as a function where either the numerator,
denominator, or both have a variable on it.
A rational equation or inequality can be solved for all x values that satisfy the equation or
inequality. Whereas we solve an equation or inequality, we do not "solve" functions. Rather,
a function (and in particular, a rational function) expresses a relationship between two
variables (such as x and y), and can be represented by a table of values or a graph.
A basic application of rational equation is problems from the multiplication-division
operations. It is given by all the multiplicative formulas of the form AB=C may be written
𝐵
as A=𝐶 . This divisional from lead to rational equations.

The calculation of “per unit” such as “cost per unit” or amount per unit and even production
problems are good examples of rational equation.

Learning Competency
Solves rational equations and inequalities.( M11GM-Ib-3)

Activity 1:The Hidden Message

Directions: A Hidden Message was encrypted and can only be deciphered by answering
some rational equations. Each answer corresponds to one word. The arrangement of the
words will be given. Your task is to decode the message. GOODLUCK!

(LIVES)
𝑦 6
+ =1
𝑦−3 𝑦+3

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 (HOME)
1 2𝑛+1 2
= 𝑛2 +2𝑛−8 + 𝑛+4
𝑛−2

(SAVE)
10 4
=𝑥+2
3

(SAFE)
6 5 −7
+4=
𝑥 4

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 (STAY)
1 1 1
+ (𝑥−8) = 3
𝑥

12 7/3 12 -2 3 1
Activity 2:Think Rational; Solves Inequalities
Directions: Solve the rational inequality

𝑥 2 +8𝑥+16
1. ≥0
𝑥 2 −𝑥−20

𝑥+5
2. >0
𝑥 2 +6𝑥+9

𝑥 2 −49
3. ≤0
𝑥 2 +13𝑥+42

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 Activity 3: Sail!Sale!Sayl
Directions: Answer the problem involving real life representation of rational equation.

2. Sayl Corporation experts on the sale of sails used in small boats. Their monthly
revenue (in thousands) for the nth week after they opened is given by the equation
120𝑡
𝑆 = 𝑡 2 +100.
a. What are their sales in their 5th week?

b. What is their sale after a quarter?(assuming that a month is composed of 4 weeks)

c. What is their sale after half a year? (assuming that a month is composed of 4 weeks)

d. In which week would the sale (s)have been 6?(note that the sales is express in
thousands)

e. In which week would the sale(s) have been 8? (note that the sales is express in thousa

Rubrics for scoring

Simple pointing scoring;
Activity 1; 1 point each item and 5 points on the decoded message.
Activity 2; 5 points each item.
Activity 3; 3 points each item.

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 Reflection
Direction: Complete the table below that shows your learning on rational equations and
inequalities.

What I learned about…

Rational Equations Rational Inequalities

References for the Learners

5. (https://study.com/academy/lesson/solving-equations-inequalities-involving-rational-
functions.html)
6. (http://teachtogether.chedk12.com/teaching_guides/view/6)

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 GENERAL MATHEMATICS 11
Name: ______________________________ Grade Level: ____________________
Date: _______________________________ Score: _______________________

LEARNING ACTIVITY SHEET

REPRESENTS A RATIONAL FUNCTION THROUGH ITS TABLE OF VALUES,
GRAPH, EQUATION
Background Information for Learners

This activity serves as a learning guide for the learners. It facilitates lesson
comprehension as it specifically aims for student’s mastery in representing rational functions.
Rational functions are expressed in the ratio of two polynomial functions P(x) and Q(x),
where P(x)is the numerator and Q(x) is the denominator. The function is defined for all values
of the variable except the zeros of Q(x).
There are different ways of representing rational function such as a) table of values b)
graph, and c) equation.
Constructing a table of values for a given rational function is vital in sketching its graph.
Through the graph of rational function, one can easily grasp the behavior of the function values
and also its other characteristics such as zeros, vertical and horizontal asymptotes and
intercepts.
Learning Competency: The learner represents a rational function through its: a) table of
values, b) graph, c) equation. (GM_M11GM-Ib-4)

Activity 1

Example:
1
Represents f(x) = 𝑥 by its table of values. Using the values of x from -5 to 5.
Answer:
X -5 -4 -3 -2 -1 0 1 2 3 4 5
1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
f(x) -5 -4 -3 -2 -1 Undefined 1 2 3 4 5

Represents each of the following rational function by its table of values.

1 𝑥 2
a.) f(x) = 2𝑥 b.) g(x) = 𝑥−1 c.) h(x) = 𝑥+1

Directions:
Represent each rational function by its table of values using the values of x
from -5 to 5.
1
a. f(x)=2𝑥

x -5 -4 -3 -2 -1 0 1 2 3 4 5
f(x)

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 𝑥
b. g(x) =
𝑥−1

x -5 -4 -3 -2 -1 0 1 2 3 4 5
g(x)
2
c. h(x) =
𝑥+1

x -5 -4 -3 -2 -1 0 1 2 3 4 5
h(x)

Activity 2

Example:
1
Represents f(x)= 𝑥 by its graph. Then identify the zeros, intercepts and asymptotes.

Answer:

Zeros: none
Intercepts
x-intercepts: none
y-intercepts: none
Asymptotes
Vertical: x=0
Horizontal: y=o

Represents each rational function by its graph.Then identify the zeros,intercepts and
asymptotes.
1 𝑥 𝑥−2
a.) f(x) = 2𝑥 b.) g(x) = 𝑥−1 c.) h(x) = 𝑥+1

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Activity 3

Example:
Represent this problem in a rational function, then answer what is asked.

In an inter-barangay basketball league, the team from barangay 1 has won 9 out of 20
games a winning percentage of 45%. What would be their winning percentage if they win 5
games consecutively?

Solutions:
Let x be the number of wins of Barangay 1 needs to win in a row. Then the function P is a
function of the number of wins that the team needs to win. The function is
9+𝑥
P(x)= 20+𝑥

9+5 14
P(5)= 20+5 =25 =.56=56%
Therefore, the winning percentage of Barangay 1, if they win 5 games in a row is 56%

Represent the following problems below in a rational function, then answer what
is asked:

1. Consider a 100-meter track used for foot races. The speed of the runner can be
computed by taking the time it will take him to run the track. Appling it to the formula
𝑑
of average speed s= 𝑡 , what is the rational function represented by the speed as a
function of time? What is the speed of the runner in 20 seconds?
2. Let’s say you are taking an exam. You already got 18 questions correctly out of 23,
which is a grade percentage of 78%.What would be your grade percentage if you got
the last 2 consecutive questions correctly?

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 Answer Key
(Activity 1)
1
a. f(x)=2𝑥

x -5 -4 -3 -2 -1 0 1 2 3 4 5
1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
f(x) - 10 -8 -6 -4 -2 Undefined
2 4 6 8 10

𝑥
b. g(x) = 𝑥−1

x -5 -4 -3 -2 -1 0 1 2 3 4 5
5 4 3 2 1 3 4 5
f(x) 5 4 3 2
0 Undefined 2 2 3
6 4

2
c. h(x) =
𝑥+1

x -5 -4 -3 -2 -1 0 1 2 3 4 5
1 2 2 1 2 1
f(x) -2 -3 -1 -2 Undefined 2 1 3 2 5 3

(Activity 2)

𝟏 𝒙 𝒙−𝟐
a. f(x) = 𝟐𝒙 b. g(x) = 𝒙−𝟏 c. h(x) = 𝒙+𝟏

Zeros: none Zeros:0 Zeros:2

Intercepts: Intercepts: Intercepts:
x-intercepts: none x-intercepts:(0,0) x-intercepts:(2,0)
y-intercepts: none y-intercepts:(0,0) y-intercepts:(0,-2)
Asymptotes: Asymptotes: Asymptotes:
Vertical: x=0 vertical: x=1 Vertical: x=-1
Horizontal: y=0 horizontal: y=1 Horizontal: y=1

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 (Activity 3)

1.Solutions:
Let x the time it takes the runner to run 100 meters. Then the
function S is a function of the time it takes by the runner to run 100 meters. The
function is
100
S(x)= 𝑥

100
S(20)= 20 = 5m/s
Therefore, the speed of the runner for 20 minutes is 5m/s.

2. Solution:
Let x be the additional number of consecutive questions correctly answered.
Then the function f is a function of the number of questions that you need to
get correctly. The function is
18+𝑥
f(x)= 23+𝑥

18+2 20
f(2)= 23+2 =25 =.8=80%
Therefore, your grade percentage , if you got the last 2 questions correctly is 80% .

Reflection:
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
______________________________

References:

GENERAL MATHEMATICS (LM),First Edition 2016, DIWA Senior High School

Series:General Mathematics, Next Century Mathematics 11 General Mathematics Copyright
2016, MSA ADVANCED ALGEBRA with Trigonometry

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 GENERAL MATHEMATICS
Name:____________________ Grade Level:____________________
Date:______________________ Score:_______________________

LEARNING ACTIVITY SHEET

THE DOMAIN AND RANGE OF RATIONAL FUNCTION

Background Information for Learners

This activity serves as a learning guide for the learners. It facilitates lesson
comprehension as it specifically aims for student’s mastery in finding the Domain and the
Range of a Rational Functions.
The Domain of a function f(x) is the set of all values for which the function is defined
and the range of the function is the set of all values that f takes. The Domain and Range of a
Rational Function may be found by the following: a) using algebraic solution b) looking at its
graph c) sketching its graph.
Learning Competency: The learner finds the domain and range of a rational function.
(MIIGM-lb-5)

Activity 1
Example: Find the domain and range using algebraic method of the rational function
𝑥
f(x)= 𝑥+2
Solutions: To find the domain, let the denominator
x+2 = 0
x =-2
Therefore, the domain is
D: {𝒙⁄𝒙 is a set of all real numbers, x≠-2}

To find the range, solve x in terms of y

𝑥
𝑦 = 𝑥+2
y(x+2)=x
xy-2y=x
xy-x=2y
x(y-1)=2y
2𝑦
𝑥 = 𝑦−1
Therefore, the range is
𝒚
R: { ⁄𝒚 is set of all real numbers,y≠1}

Find the domain and range of the following rational functions using algebraic method.
2 𝑥−2
a. 𝑦 = 𝑥−1 b. . y = 2𝑥+4

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Activity 2
Find the asymptotes and domain and range of this given graph below.

Asymptotes
Vertical: x=5
Horizontal: y= 0
Domain:{𝑥⁄𝑥 is a set of all real
numbers,x≠5}
𝑦
Range:{ ⁄𝑦 is a set of all real
numbers, y≠ 0}

Continuation:
Find the domain and range of the given graph of rational function.
a. b.

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Activity 3
𝟐𝒙−𝟒
Example: Sketch the graph of f(x)= 𝒙+𝟐 then, find the domain and range.

Answer:

Domain: {𝑥⁄𝑥 is a set of all real

numbers, x≠-2}

𝑦
Range:{ ⁄𝑦 is a set of all real numbers,
y≠ 2}

Sketch the graph of each rational function. Then, find their domain and range
1 𝑥+2
A. 𝑓(𝑥 ) = 4𝑥−1 B. 𝑔(𝑥 ) = 𝑥−3

Reflection:
What have I learned from the topic?
__________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________.

References:
GENERAL MATHEMATICS (LM),First Edition 2016, DIWA Senior High School
Series:General Mathematics, Next Century Mathematics 11 General Mathematics Copyright
2016

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