8

Mathematics
Quarter 1, Week 5 – Module 5.2
Illustrating Linear Equations
in Two Variables – M8AL-Ie-3
Mathematics – Grade 8
Quarter 1 – Module 5.2: ILLUSTRATING LINEAR EQUATIONS IN TWO
VARIABLES

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Regional Director: Gilbert T. Sadsad

Assistant Regional Director: Jessie L. Amin

Development Team of the Module

Writer: ROWENA B. BENOYO

Editors: NERISSA A. MORTEGA

EFLEDA C. DOLZ
HILDA J. CARLET
DIOLETA B. BORAIS

Reviewer: LILLI ANN HERMOGENES

Illustrator/ Layout Artist: MARISOL B. BOSEO

 GRADE 8 (QUARTER 1)
MODULE 5.2

ILLUSTRATING LINEAR EQUATIONS IN TWO VARIABLES

I. Introduction:

This module will help you understand the key concept about linear
equations in two variables. It includes activities on how to describe and
illustrate linear equations in two variables. This will let you understand also
how linear equations in two variables applies in solving problems in real life
situations.

II. Objective:

At the end of this lesson, you must be able to illustrate linear equations in two
variables.

III. Vocabulary List:

Be familiarized first with the different mathematical terms that will be used
in discussing linear equations in two variables

 domain – 𝑥- coordinate, the first number in an ordered pair

 equation – a mathematical statement indicating that the two
algebraic (number sentence which states that the two)
expressions are equal and using the symbol “=”.
 graph of an equation – a line or a curve consisting of all the
points whose coordinates satisfy the given equation.
 table of values – a table consisting of corresponding 𝑥- and 𝑦-
values representing ordered pairs of the graph.
 ordered pair – a representation of a point in the form of (𝑥 , 𝑦)
 solutions – the sets of ordered pairs that satisfies the equation.
 variable – a symbol or letter which may represent a number.
 coordinates of a point – it is represented by an ordered pair
(𝑥 , 𝑦)
 range – 𝑦- coordinate, the second number in an ordered pair

1
IV. Pre-Test:

Find out how much you already know about this module. Write the
letter that corresponds to the best answer on your answer sheet.

1. Which of the following illustrates linear equation in two variables?

a. 2𝑥 = 5 b. 3𝑥 + 5𝑦 = 15 c. 3𝑦 = 9 d. 2𝑥 − 5 = 0

2. Which of the following is a solution of 3x-2y = 12, when x =2?

a. (2, −2) b. (3, −2) c. (2, −3) d. (−3,3)

3. Which of the following is a graph of a linear equation in two

variables?
a. c.

b. d.

4. What value of y will complete the table of values for 3𝑥 + 4𝑦 = 4?

𝑥 −1 0 1 2
7 1
𝑦 1
4 −
2
1 3 1 4
a. b. c. d.
2 4 4 7

5. What is the value of B in 5𝑥 − 2𝑦 = 8?

a. 5 b. −2 c. 8 d. 1
 How did you find the questions in the pre- test? Are you familiar with the items you’ve an

V. Learning Activities:

Are you aware that (dealing with) our

everyday life uses linear equations in two
variables? Maybe you are asking yourself,
. when? How? So, try to discover it as you learn
the different ways to illustrate linear equations
in two variables.

The relationship between two variables can often be expressed as a

linear equation, which is called the model situation.

A linear equation in two variables x and y can be written in the form

𝐴𝑥 + 𝐵𝑦 = 𝐶
where 𝐴, 𝐵 and 𝐶 are real numbers, and 𝐴 and 𝐵 are not zero.

Learning Situation No.1

Your mother sent you on an errand to buy rice at the
market. She told you to buy rice where each kilogram costs
Php 40.00. What will be the cost if you will buy 2 kg? 3 kg?
4 kg? 5 kg? What are the two quantities that are being
related? How will you represent it as an ordered pair?

Kilograms (𝑥) cost (𝑦)

1 40
2 80
3 120
4 160
5 200
Is your answer the same with (1,40), (2,80), (3,120), (4,160), (5, 200)?
Wow! Very good if yes!
 A linear equation in two variables gives a solution in the form of an ordered pair(s) where the value of 𝑥 is
( 𝑥 , 𝑦 ) or (domain, range)

The solution of linear equation in two variables is an ordered

pair that makes a true mathematical sentence.
Example: Complete the following ordered pairs so that
they satisfy the equation 2𝑥 + 𝑦 = 5.
a. ( , 1) b. (4, )
Solutions:
a. In order to complete ( ,1), substitute the value 𝑦 = 1 to
2𝑥 + 𝑦 = 5 and solve for 𝑥.

2𝑥 + 𝑦 = 5
2𝑥 + 1 = 5
2𝑥 + 1 + (−1) = 5 + (−1) add both sides with (−1) (APE)

2𝑥 = 4
2 2 divide both side by 2
𝑥=2

To check:
Substitute (2,1) or 𝑥 = 2 and 𝑦 = 1 to 2𝑥 + 𝑦 = 5 to check if it will really satisfy the given equation.
2𝑥 + 𝑦 = 5
2(2) + 1 = 5
4+ 1 = 5
5= 5
Therefore (2,1) is the ordered pair is a solution of 2𝑥 + 𝑦 = 5

b. Substitute the value 𝑥 = 4 and solve for 𝑦.

2𝑥 + 𝑦 = 5
2(4) + 𝑦 = 5
8 + 𝑦 =5
8 + (−8) + 𝑦 = 5 + (−8)

𝑦 = −3

Thus, the ordered pair is (4, −3)

Learning Situation No.2
Plotting the points (ordered pairs) of the result in your
findings in buying rice on a Cartesian plane and connecting them,
what would it look like?
The points are (1,40) , (2,80) , (3,120) , (4,160) , (5, 200)

What can you say about the result when you connect the
points? What kind of graph is it?

Did I hear you say: STRAIGHT LINE?

Then, you are
CORRECT.

A linear equation in two variables has a straight-line graph.

Example: Graph 2𝑥 + 𝑦 = 4

Solutions:
Choose any three values for 𝑥, preferably integers. Find the
corresponding 𝑦 value for each and write the numbers in a
table of values.
 when 𝑥 = −2 when 𝑥 = 0 when 𝑥 = 1
2𝑥 + 𝑦 = 4 2𝑥 + 𝑦 = 4 2𝑥 + 𝑦 = 4
2(−2) + 𝑦 = 4 2(0) + 𝑦 = 4 2(1) + 𝑦 = 4
(−4) + 𝑦 = 4 0+𝑦=4 2+𝑦=4
𝑦=4+4 𝑦=4 𝑦=4−2
𝑦=8 𝑦=2

table of values:
𝑥 −2 0 1
𝑦 8 4 2

The three ordered pairs (−2,8), (0,4) and (1,2). Then plot these points
on the Cartesian plane.

Learning Situation No.3

Gabriel Chris puts Php 12.50 every week in the school

savings bank. What will be his savings every week until the
8th week? Know your answer by completing the table below.

Week (𝑥) 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
Savings (𝑦)
 What are the two quantities being related? If your
answer is:

Week (𝑥) 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
Savings (𝑦) 12.50 25.00 37.50 50.00 62.50 75.00 87.50 100.00

Then you are right!

Study the table of values. Get the difference between the 𝑥 values
and difference between the 𝑦 values. What can you say about the
relationship of their differences?

example of a linear equation in two variables because (if) the first differences in 𝑥- coordinates gives the same first differen

Example:
2𝑥 – 𝑦 = −2 has this table of values:

𝑥 −3 −2 −1 0 1 2
𝑦 −4 −2 0 2 4 6

Note: The difference in 𝑥 yielded the same or equal value Example: from right to left: (−2) – (−3) = 1
(−1) – (−2) = 1 and so on
from left to right: (−3) – (−2) = −1
(−2) – (−1) = −1 and so on The difference in 𝑦 yielded the same or equal value
Example: from right to left: (−2) – (−4) = 2
(0) − (−2) = 2 and so

on
from left to right: (−4) – (−2) = −2
(−2) – (0) = −2 and so on

Learning Situation No.4

Premium gasoline costs Php 47.20 per liter. Make a table for
6 Liters for the gasoline boy to refer to when receiving
purchases.
Write the equation based from the table.
 Do you have the same table as the one shown below?

No. of liters (𝑥) 1 2 3 4 5 6

Cost (𝑦) 47.20 94.40 141.60 188.80 236.00 283.20

How did you arrive at that answer? Suppose you will

purchase 15 liters of gasoline, what will be its cost (𝑦)? Solve and
explain your answer.

What will be the equation to find the cost of 15 liters of gasoline?

Solution:
To find the cost , simply multiply the liters of gasoline with 47.20.
Let 𝑥 = no. of liters of gasoline
𝑦 = cost of gasoline

The relationship between the no. of liters of gasoline and its

corresponding cost can be written as 𝑦 = 47.20 𝑥

I think you are learning, now try

to do some practice tasks I’ve
prepared for you.

VI. Practice Exercise

Practice Task 1:
Complete the ordered pair so that each is a solution to the given linear
equation.

. 1. 3𝑥 + 𝑦 = 6 3. 𝑥 − 𝑦 = 4
(0, ) (4, )
( , 0) ( , 1)
(3, ) (−1, )
 2. 𝑦 = −3𝑥 + 1
( , −1 ) (1, ) (−1, )

Practice Task 2:

Complete the table below using the equation: 𝑥 + 2𝑦 = 6

Show your solutions. Then Graph

𝑥 −2 −1 0 1 2
𝑦

Practice Task 3:
Determine whether each of the following is a linear equation in two variables by writing LE if yes and LEN if not.

1. 𝑦 = −5
2. 𝑥 − 2𝑦 = 4
3.
4. 1𝑥 – 2𝑦 = 6
2
5.
8𝑦 = −2
𝑥 – 3𝑦 = 5

VII. Post Test:

A. Complete the table of values

 B. Determine whether the given point is a solution of the equation.

1. (2,5) ; 𝑦 = 𝑥 − 1

2. (2, −3) ; 3𝑥 − 𝑦 = 3

3. (−2, −1) ; 2𝑥 + 3𝑦 = 7

4. (1 ,7) ; 𝑦 = 2𝑥 + 5

5. (0, −4) ; 44𝑥 + 2𝑦 = 8

VIII. Assignment:

A. Construct a table of values for 𝑥 and 𝑦 and draw the graph.

Domain = (−1, 0, 1,2)
1. 𝑥 + 𝑦 = 5
2. 3𝑥 – 2𝑦 = 12
3. 4𝑥 − 5𝑦 = 15
4. 𝑥 – 3𝑦 = 6
5. 2𝑥 + 5𝑦 = 6

ANSWER KEY:
PRE-TEST:
1. b 2. c 3. c 4. c d. b

PRACTICE TASK 1:

1. (0,6) , (2,0) , (3, −3)

2
2. ( , −1) , (1, −2), (−1,4)
3
3. (4,0), (5,1) , (−1, −5)
 PRACTICE TASK 2:
𝑥 −2 −1 0 1 2
7 5
𝑦 4 3 2
2 2

PRACTICE TASK 3:

1. LEN 2. LE 3. LE 4. LEN 5. LE

POST TEST: A.

1. 𝑥 0 1 2 3
𝑦 0 3 6 9

𝑥 −2 −1 0 1 2
2. 𝑦 −4 −2 0 2 4

𝑥 −3 0 3 6
3. 𝑦 0 3 6 9

𝑥 0 1 2 3
4.
𝑦 −1 3 7 11

𝑥 −2 −1 0 1 2
5. 𝑦 9 6 5 3 1
B.
1. (2,5) not a solution
2. (2, −3) not a solution
3. (−2, −1) not a solution
4. (1,7) solution
5. (0,4) solution

ASSIGNMENT:

1. 𝑥 + 𝑦 = 5

𝑥 −1 0 1 2
𝑦 6 5 4 3

2. 3x – 2y = 12

𝑥 −1 0 1 2
1 1
𝑦 −7 −6 −4 −3
2 2

3. 4𝑥 − 5𝑦 = 15

x -1 0 1 2
y -19/5 -3 -11/5 -7/5
 4. 𝑥 − 3𝑦 = 6

𝑥 −1 0 1 2
−7 −5 −4
𝑦 −2
3 3 3

𝑥 −1 0 1 2
5.
8 6 4 2
𝑦 5 5 5 5

References:

 Mathematics Learners Material for OHSP , pp. 74-78

 Distance Learning Module Mathematics I (Unit 6 –Linear Equations
and Inequalities), pp. 8-10
 Mathematics 8 Learner’s Module, pp 181-182
 Geometry Textbook for Third Year, pp 223-228
 Elementary Algebra Textbook for First Year, pp 151-157
 Grade 8 Mathematics Teacher’s Guide, pp 196-197
 Daily Lesson Plan , pp 123-127