Ecologic Model

Leptospirosis

I. Hypothesis

The symptoms are high fever, headache, chills, vomiting, jaundice, and abdominal
pain experienced by the client for a week prior to his admission are caused by leptospirosis, a
bacterial disease that affects humans and animals through, the patient maybe have a contact
on any types of particles like a fluid with urine or saliva of an infected animal since the
patient live in an area prone to flood with an untidy environment.

II. Predisposing Factors (Host, Agent, Environment)

Host Factors:
Age 24 years old

Sex Male

Race/Ethnicity Tagalog

Marital Status Single

Religion Roman Catholic

Occupation The client is an agricultural & livestock

farmer

Diet The client maintains a healthy diet

Comorbidity The client has no comorbidity

Agent:
Biologic Bacteria (Leptospira)

Environment:

● Contaminated environment
● Contaminated water (Floodwater)
● Rainfall
● Poor sanitation
● Inadequate drainage facilities
● Presence of rodents, cattle, and stray dogs
● Walking or walking barefoot poses a high risk
III. Model

IV. Analysis

According to Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (2020), the bacteria that
cause leptospirosis are spread through the urine of infected animals, which can get into water
or soil and can survive there for weeks to months.The bacteria can enter the body through
skin or mucous membranes (eyes, nose, or mouth), especially if the skin is broken from a cut
or scratch. Drinking contaminated water can also cause infection. Outbreaks of leptospirosis
are usually caused by exposure to contaminated water, such as floodwaters.

Many different kinds of wild and domestic animals carry the bacterium. Humans can
become infected through a) contact with urine (or other body fluids, except saliva) from
infected animals or b) contact with water, soil, or food contaminated with the urine of
infected animals.

V. Conclusion and Recommendations

Finally, it may be concluded that the high fever, headache, chills, vomiting, jaundice,
and abdominal pain symptoms that was experienced by the patient for 7 days was caused by
the Leptospira bacteria which causes leptospirosis as confirmed by the laboratory findings via
CBC (Complete Blood Count) testing, which made the host prone to getting the disease by
deluging the host with biological and environmental parameters. Whilst according to the
CDC, the risk of acquiring leptospirosis can be greatly reduced by not swimming or wading
in water that might be contaminated with animal urine, or eliminating contact with potentially
infected animals. As well as protective clothing or footwear should be worn by those exposed
to contaminated water or soil because of their job or recreational activities.

References

Johnson, R. C. (1996). Leptospira (S. Baron, Ed.). PubMed; University of Texas Medical
Branch at Galveston.
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK8451/#:~:text=in%20the%20kidneys.-

Leptospirosis Infection. (2020). Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.

https://www.cdc.gov/leptospirosis/infection/index.html

Leptospirosis. (2012). Vic.gov.au.

https://www.betterhealth.vic.gov.au/health/conditionsandtreatments/Leptospirosis

Members

Belza, Sherine Nicole

Bolintiam, Ma. Franchesca
Chan, Christine
Delito, Marielle Jessyne
Rosanes, Francine Rine