Activity—World Map of Plate Boundaries

“Where’s Waldo”-style geography.

Mapping World Plates helps students connect topography, earthquakes, volcanoes, and plates.

Includes many maps for printing, and student worksheets.

Color copies are in the folder:
4. ACTIVITIES_Earth & Tectonics > World Plate Boundaries

Science Standards
(NGSS; pg. 287)
• Earth’s Place in the Universe:
HS-ESS1-5
• Earth’s Systems: HS-ESS2-1,
MS-ESS2-2, HS-ESS2-2,
MS-ESS2-3, HS-ESS2-3
Most of the world’s earthquakes and volcanoes are
PLATE BOUNDARIES found at or near the boundary between two tectonic SYMBOLS
Divergent margin plates. Friction between the plates keeps them from White arrows show plate motion direction
sliding. When the frictional strain is overcome, the
ground suddenly snaps along faults and fractures Volcanoes (generalized)
Convergent margin releasing energy as earthquakes. Volcanoes occur at
divergent margins (where magma rises and erupts);
Hot spot (arrow = direction of plate motion)
Transform fault (arrows at convergent margins (where an oceanic plate Great earthquakes since 1900;
show relative motion) dives beneath another plate; magma forms in the
continental plate above the diving oceanic plate), before 1900
and less commonly as hot spots (where magma
melts through a plate, such as Hawai`i).

Resources on this DVD & Internet for World Map of Plate Boundaries

VIDEOS: In the folder 3. VIDEOS_Earth & Tectonics >

LECTURE_Egg Vs Earth_Butler.mov,
LECTURE_TectonicPlates_Butler.mov,
LECTURE_Asthenosphere_Butler.mov, and
LECTURE_BoundaryTypes_Butler.mov
Or online: http://www.iris.edu/hq/programs/education_and_outreach/videos

ANIMATIONS: Select animations are in the RESOURCES folder for this activity.
3. Animations_Earth & Tectonics > Plate Interaction_Converge Diverge Transform
Or online: http://www.iris.edu/hq/programs/education_and_outreach/animations

INTERNET: This Dynamic Planet, interactive tectonic map http://www.minerals.si.edu/tdpmap/

e-binder for 2014 CEETEP workshop 69

 World Map of Plate Boundaries

Introduction
The Plate Tectonics Mapping Activity allows students to Materials
easily begin to identify basic tectonic processes on a global Discussion Questions —Follow student worksheets.
scale. As students become aware of plate movements, Student work sheets—Begin on 5th page of this
they begin to identify patterns that set the stage for deeper activity; answers follow.
understanding of a very complex topic. The activity uses Word files of the worksheets are in the folder
a simple “Where’s Waldo” approach to identify tectonic
RESOURCES For World Plate Boundaries
symbols on a laminated World Plate Tectonic map.
> Word Docs for World Plate Boundaries
Objectives
Maps—The map on the next page is offered in several
Learn where volcanoes and earthquakes occur
formats for classroom use. Since not everyone
Understand geography
has access to a large-format printer we offer the
Use critical thinking to find plate boundaries
poster as a 3-page, tabloid-size pdf file that can
Answer relevant discussion questions on worksheet
be printed and taped together. The maps are also
offered WITHOUT tectonic boundaries to be
Procedure used to see if students recognize features in the
Print the appropriate maps (see Materials) for use. Note landscape.
that the maps in this document need to printed on legal-size
paper!!
1) Page size (next page) and on DVD in the folder:
Students work in pairs or small groups of 3 or 4 students
using washable markers to circle tectonic features. This RESOURCES For World Plate Boundaries
hands-on activity captures the interest of all ability levels. Maps for printing
The process of exploring the map and drawing with colored
> WorldTectonicMap_PageSize.pdf.
markers captures student interest and creates curiosity to
discover why particular features are located where they are. 2) Poster (14x24) requires a plotter to print
As students work through simple questions on the activity WorldTectonicMap_POSTER 14x24.pdf
sheet, they are then able to start the more challenging
process of understanding the patterns and process that make 3) Poster (tabloid-size pages to be taped together)
up the fundamental principles of Plate Tectonics. WorldTectonicMap-Poster_3page11x17.pdf
The Discussion Questions in the activity are provided
4) WITHOUT tectonic features to be used to see if
as a resource for teachers to engage student’s growing
tectonic features show up in the landscape:
understanding. The questions have been used in small
WorldTectonicMap_NoBoundaries8.5x14.pdf.
groups, whole class discussion, research, as a writing
WorldTectonicMap_NoBoundaries11x17.pdf.
assignment, and for evaluation.

70
 Map of Major Tectonic Plates and Select Great Earthquakes and Volcanoes.
Map of Major Tectonic Plates and Select Great Earthquakes and Volcanoes.

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I N D Most of the world’s earthquakes and volcanoes are found at or near the boundary between two E
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at convergent margins (where an oceanic plate Great earthquakes since 1900;
show relative motion) dives beneath another plate; magma forms in the
continental plate above the diving oceanic plate), before 1900
and less commonly as hot spots (where magma

e-binder for 2014 CEETEP workshop

melts through a plate, such as Hawai`i).

71
 Divergent Boundaries & Spreading Zones
Divergent boundaries occur mostly
Spreading center—Fast along spreading centers where the Spreading center—Slow
magma rises forming new crust. Mountains & valleys
(Ex. East Pacific Rise, Mid Atlantic
Ridge.)
O ce a n i c c r u s t
L ithosphere Crust
M a nt l e Spreading zones (no graphic) on Lithosphere
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continents create parallel mountains
Asthenosphere
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and valleys as the crust pulls apart Asthenosphere
Partial melt
(ex: Basin & Range, U.S. and the
Great Rift Valley, Africa. )

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When two plates move toward each other, crust is destroyed as one plate dives (is subducted) beneath
the other. The location where sinking of a plate occurs is called a subduction zone.
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the zone (ex:. The Marianas) (ex:. Cascade Range, Sumatra, Japan) (ex: Himalaya Mountain Range.)

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other horizontally.

Strike slip faults result from Transform faults are where two
two plates moving horizontally plates are moving away from
in opposite directions a spreading ridge and fracture
(ex: San Andreas Fault, California). zones develop (ex: ocean floor)

72
 Name__________________________
Period__________ Date___________

PLATE TECTONICS MAPPING ACTIVITY

1. Draw the symbol for each tectonic feature in the chart below

Divergent margins and spreading centers (draw in black)

Convergent margins - subduction zone (draw in blue)

Transform faults – strike-slip faults (draw in green)

Hot Spot (draw in red)

2. Use the correct color of washable marker to locate each tectonic feature on the map.

a. Circle the name of the Divergent boundary systems

in black. (Ridges and Rises) Number found _______

b. Circle the Convergent margins in blue.

(students may circle individual trenches) Number found _______

c. Circle the Transform fault symbols (and their

faults) in green. Number found _______

d. Circle the Hot Spots in red. Number found _______

3. What is the name of the small crustal plate off the Oregon coast that is subducting
under the North American plate? _______________________

4. Where are most of the earthquakes and volcanoes located?

Check one: a. crustal plate margins _____ b. interior of a crustal plate _____

Answer the following questions about Plate Tectonic Processes using the diagrams with the map.

5. Divergent margins and continental spreading centers:

a. New crust forms at plate margins as ___________ rises creating ridges under

oceans such as the _____________________ and the ____________________.

e-binder for 2014 CEETEP workshop 73

 b. Continental spreading centers include the

__________________ in the US and the _______________________ in Africa.

6. Convergent margins – subduction zones:

Identify the land form (geomorphology) created at each type of Convergent Boundary
and provide an example.

a. Ocean-Ocean _____________________________________________________

b. Ocean-Continent __________________________________________________

c. Continent-Continent ________________________________________________

7. Transform faults – strike slip faults

a. Sometimes tectonic plates shift past each other horizontally ________________

directions at their boundary.

b. One example of a strike slip fault near San Francisco is the _________________.

8. Earthquakes:

a. Most earthquakes occur near plate _____________.

b. _____________ keeps the plate edges from sliding smoothly past each other.

c. The longer the plates remain stuck, the more strain builds and the more violent

the snap and resulting _____________.

9. Volcanoes:

a. Magma rises to the surface from inside the earth mainly at __________________

and _______________________.

b. Around the rim of the Pacific Ocean, the 40,000 km long ________ of ________

is especially active.

10. Hot Spots:

a. In a few places _________ melts through a tectonic plate.

b. Each hot spot likely marks the top of a plume of _____________ rock that rises
from deep in the earth.

74
 Discussion Questions: (italics are guiding ideas on a few random questions.)
Discussion questions can be used in a whole group setting, or selected questions may be assigned to table groups
to answer and then shared with the class.

1. Does the location of earthquakes and volcanoes show a pattern? If so, what tectonic process may be responsible?
(compression, extension, shearing)

2. Generally speaking, where are the oceanic ridges located with respect to the landmasses? (in the middle of the ocean:
heavy thin crust sinks and water fills low areas.)

3. Where do you find the mountain ranges with respect to the oceanic ridges? Use examples. (the ocean-floor ranges are
on the crest of the spreading ridges where heat provides the buoyant lift; they sink as they cool.)

4. Are there any places on Earth where the mid-oceanic ridges meet the continent?

5. What are seamounts?

6. Most of the Pacific Ocean is on what plate?

7. What is the compass orientation of the Hawaiian Islands and many of the other smaller ridges within the Pacific
Ocean? Is this significant? (the islands are moving away from the hotspot in the direction the plate is traveling. Thus the line
of the youngest islands is oriented west-northwest as they move towards Japan)

8. In what compass direction is the Pacific Plate moving? (see previous question)

9. Name the biggest and longest mountain range in the world. What is it? (Trick question. It is a mid-ocean ridge.)

10. Name an island chain that has been formed by a “hot spot”. (see question 7 above. The Hawaiian Islands.)

11.What island in the North Atlantic Ocean is splitting apart? What is causing the split? (Iceland is a hotspot that is
straddling the Mid-Atlantic spreading ridge. The spreading ridge is causing the split. If it were just a hotspot it would just build a
big edifice.)

12. Where is magma rising to the surface and forming ocean crust? (At spreading ridges)
Where is the oceanic crust sinking back into the mantle? (At subduction zones)

13. Some people have referred to the process in the above question as a cycle. Why would it be considered a cycle?
(Rock is formed at the spreading ridge; gets destroyed at subduction zones. The subducted rock eventually gets absorbed into the
mantle and gets caught in the very slow circulation of rock in the mantle which can melt as it rises to the top again.)

14. What are the attributes of a cycle?

Can you describe another cycle that could compare with the example described above.

15. Why is it that the Pacific Ocean floor is no older than about 200 million years and yet the continents are much
older? (The ocean floor is being created constantly. It is made of heavy rock that tends to subduct when it meets continental
rock. The continents are made of older rock that is more buoyant .

16. The continental margins of the East and West Coast of the United States are very different. Describe the
differences. Are there tectonic differences?

17. Where would you expect to find igneous, sedimentary and metamorphic rocks?

e-binder for 2014 CEETEP workshop 75

 Teacher Answer Key

PLATE TECTONICS MAPPING ACTIVITY

1. Draw the symbol for each tectonic feature in the chart below

Divergent margins and spreading centers (draw in black)

Convergent margins - subduction zone (draw in blue)

Transform faults – strike-slip faults (draw in green)

Hot Spot (draw in red)

2. Use the correct color of washable marker to locate each tectonic feature on the map.

a. Circle the name of the Divergent boundary systems

in black. (Ridges and Rises) Number found __7_____

b. Circle the Convergent margins in blue.

(students may circle individual trenches) Number found __16 +__

c. Circle the Transform fault symbols (and their

faults) in green. Number found __10____

d. Circle the Hot Spots in red. Number found __5____

3. What is the name of the small crustal plate off the Oregon coast that is subducting
under the North American plate? __Juan de Fuca_________

4. Where are most of the earthquakes and volcanoes located?

Check one: a. crustal plate margins __X__ b. interior of a crustal plate _____

Answer the following questions about Plate Tectonic Processes using the diagrams with the map.

5. Divergent margins and continental spreading centers:

a. New crust forms at plate margins as _magma___ rises creating ridges under
oceans such as the _Mid-Atlantic Ridge__ and the __East Pacific Rise__.

76
 Teacher Answer Key

b. Continental spreading centers include the

_Basin and Range__ in the US and the _East African Rift System in Africa.

6. Convergent margins – subduction zones:

Identify the land form (geomorphology) created at each type of Convergent Boundary
and provide an example.

a. Ocean-Ocean _____Volcanic Island Chain (Mariana trench)________

b. Ocean-Continent ___Volcanic Mountain Ranges (Cascade Mountain Range)__

c. Continent-Continent _Folded Mountain Ranges_( Himalaya Mountain Range) __

7. Transform faults – strike slip faults

a. Sometimes tectonic plates shift past each other horizontally _in opposite_____
directions at their boundary.

b. One example of a strike slip fault near San Francisco is the _San Andreas Fault_.

8. Earthquakes:

a. Most earthquakes occur near plate _boundaries__.

b. __Friction___ keeps the plate edges from sliding smoothly past each other.

c. The longer the plates remain stuck, the more strain builds and the more violent
the snap and resulting _ground movement__.

9. Volcanoes:

a. Magma rises to the surface from inside the earth mainly at _spreading centers_.
and __hot spots______.

b. Around the rim of the Pacific Ocean, the 40,000 km long _Ring__ of _Fire__
is especially active.

10. Hot Spots:

a. In a few places _magma___ melts through a tectonic plate.

b. Each hot spot likely marks the top of a plume of __molten_____ rock that rises

from deep in the earth.

e-binder for 2014 CEETEP workshop 77

78
page one.
Answer sheet for
Student Questions

EURASIAN
P L AT E
E
E U R A S I A N P L AT E G

ID
E N
C H R

H
T R

C
A L E
T
U T I A N
EN
TR
A N I C

L Basin & Range

RI
KU
T L

JUAN dE FUC A
A

HELLENIC
PL ATE D TRENCH
I
M

E
CARIBBEAN
P L AT E AFRICAN A R A BIA N

E
PUERTO P L AT E
RICO TRENCH PL AT E

AT I N
I
PL LIPP
COCOS MID

PH
C H
DLE

RI
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TR E

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PAC I F I C P L AT E SOUTH

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Teacher Answer Key

C H

F I

AL I
V
G
A
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I D
TR

C I
E N

EN AMERICAN
R

CH

PA
T

NAZCA
T I C

P L AT E
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P L AT E
T

N DI A N R I D G E
NCH
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INDO–AUSTRALIAN

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C H I L
A T L A N

P L AT E Basin & Range E A S

I D

A T
U

S R
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U I A
T D
H

TO
M I D

P E R

E A AFRICAN I N
T
S T S
I N D E
I A N R I D G E P L AT E W
T H
D G E S O U
C R I
T I AN
R C SCOTIA ERIC
AM
A N TA P L AT E ID GE
I F I C IC R
P A C RCT
A N TA
frican
stem

East A
Rift Sy

A N T A R C T I C P L A T E

Spreading ridge Convergent margin Transform faults (major segments with arrows) Hot spot volcanoes
(Divergent margin) (Subduction or collision zones) (Strike-slip zones)

NOTE: The Basin & Range and East African Rift System are spreading centers that are not yet divergent margins, but are noted here with divergent arrows.
This simplified map generalizes the zones of deformation surrounding the different boundaries.