Mariano Marcos State University

College of Health Sciences

Pharmacy Department
City of Batac 2906 Ilocos Norte

PHARM 105: Hospital Pharmacy

1st Semester of A.Y. 2020-2021

Title

The Hospital Administrative Structure and Different Departments of a Hospital

Introduction

The module introduces the hospital administrative structure. It deals with the employees
that are organized in departments or divisions that have their own tasks. At the top of
the structure are the administrators that consist of people who manage the operational
functions of the hospital as a business enterprise. They are responsible for imposing
policies and the budgetary requirements according to the needs of the patients and
employees. Furthermore, the organizational structure is followed by the different
departments with unique services, that are most recognized by patients as it involves
the doctors, surgeons, nurses, pharmacists, medical technologists, therapists and other
health practitioners who are involved in the treatment of patients and their
corresponding conditions.

Learning Outcomes

At the end of the module, student must have:

1. Described the organizational structure of a hospital
2. Explained the functions of the different departments of hospital

Warm-Up Activity

• Discuss the outcomes of a hospital with highly trained and competent medical staff.

1
Central Activities ))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))0000000000000000000000000000000000000

Learning Input 1 (Lecture)

Hospital Administrative Structure

• Modern day hospitals have complicated administrative structures and functions very
precisely to ensure optimal patient care.

• A typical hospital consists of three elements:

o a governing body
o medical staff
o hospital staff members

Hospital Organization and Administration

Functions of the Governing Board:

1. Selection of competent personnel, control of hospital funds, and supervision

of the physical plant.
2. Establishment of working hours and conditions, salary schedules, and proper
checks on personnel.
3. Establishment of schedule of room rates and other charges for hospital in-
patient and out-patient care.
4. Generation of methods for obtaining endowments and other grants that will
supplement income from paying patients and help balance the hospital
budget.
5. Establishment of an adequate accounting system and provide for routine audit
of the accounts.

Functions of the Administrator:

1. Enforce trustee policy in the daily management routine.

2. Plan an active role in community public relation as well as liaison between the
medical staff and the board of trustees.
3. Ensure that all functions of professional patient care are carried within
budgetary limitations and that there is inter-departmental cooperation and
harmony.

2
The Medical Staff

Open staff

Where certain physicians other than those attending or active medical staff are
allowed to utilize the private room facilities, provided they comply with all rules and
regulations of the institution.

Closed Staff

Where all professional services, private and charity, are provided and controlled by
the attending or active medical staff.

Duties of the Medical Staff

1. Providing professional care of the sick and injured in the hospital

2. Maintaining its own efficiency
3. Self-government
4. Participating in the education program of the hospital
5. Auditing its own professional work, and
6. Advising and assisting the administrator and the governing board regarding
medical policies

Types of Medical Staff:

1. Honorary Medical Staff

2. Consulting Medical Staff
3. Attending Medical Staff
4. Associate Medical Staff
5. Courtesy Medical Staff
6. Resident Medical Staff

Honorary Medical Staff

• Composed of physicians who have been active in the hospital but who are retired,
and of those to whom it is desired to do honor because of outstanding contributions.

3
Consulting Medical Staff

• Consists of specialists who are recognized as such by right of passing specialty of

boards or belonging to the national organization of their specialty, and who serve as
consultants to other members of the medical staff when called upon.

Attending Medical Staff

• The most senior doctors directly responsible for medical decision-making and
treatment of patients.

Associate Medical Staff

• Composed of junior or less experienced members of the staff

• Appointment to this group is the first step toward active or attending staff
membership

Courtesy Medical Staff

• Consists of those physicians who desire the privilege of attending private patients but
who do not desire active staff membership.

Resident Medical Staff

• Composed of residents, who are full time employees of the hospital

• They provide specific services in the care of the patient, for which they receive
education and experience.

4
Hospital Departments

Clinical Departments

5
 The Supporting Services

1. Nursing Services
2. Dietetic Services
3. Medical Record Services
4. Pathology Services
5. Blood Bank
6. Radiology
7. Medical Social Service Department
8. Anesthesia Service
9. Central Service Department/Unit
10. Pharmacy Department

Nursing Services

• Nursing care encompasses health promotion, care and prevention of diseases or

disability, rehabilitation, teaching, counselling and emotional support.

Personnel of Patient Care Unit:

1. Nursing Director
2. Assistant Nursing Director
3. Coordinator
4. Supervisor
5. Head Nurse
6. Charge Nurse
7. Staff Nurse
8. Nursing Aide
9. Nursing Orderly

Dietetic Services

• Responsible for the preparation of palatable and appropriate food

• Includes purchasing, planning, and preparation of menus for both patient and
employees

Dietitian is generally responsible for:

1. Recording dietary histories of patients

2. Interviewing patients regarding their food habits
3. Counseling patients and their families concerning normal or modified regimen
4. Encouraging patients to participate in planning their own normal or modified
regimens
5. Participating in appropriate ward rounds and conferences

6
Medical Record Services

Purposes:
1. Serve as basis for planning and for continuity of patient care
2. Provide a means of communication among physician and any professionals
contributing to the patient care
3. Furnish documentary evidence for the course of the patient’s illness and
treatment during each hospital stay
4. Serve as basis for review, study, and evaluation of the care rendered to the
patient
5. Assist in protecting the legal interest of the patient, hospital, and responsible
practitioner
6. Provide data for use in research and education.

Complete medical record includes:

1. Identification and sociological data

2. Personal family history
3. History of present illness
4. Physical examination
5. Special examination
6. Provisional on making diagnosis
7. Medical or surgical treatment
8. Gross and microscopic pathologic findings
9. Progress notes
10. Final diagnosis
11. Conditions on discharge
12. Follow up
13. Autopsy findings

Pathology Services

• The director of pathology service is a member of the medical staff and has
undertaken special training in pathology
• Directed by a physician qualified to assume professional, organizational, and
administrative responsibility for the facilities and for the services rendered and there
shall be sufficient personnel who had adequate training and experience to supervise
and conduct the work of the laboratory.

Blood Bank

• Generally, under the supervision of a licensed physician who has a basic interest in
hematology

7
Radiology

• One of the most important scientific and therapeutic facilities of the hospital
• Branch of medicine which deals with the diagnostic and therapeutic application of
radiant energy, chiefly in the form of roentgen rays and radium
• Services are performed only upon the written order of a member of the medical staff
who has been granted clinical privileges in the hospital

Medical Social Service Department

• Important liaison between the hospital and the patient and its community

Social Service Personnel generally:

1. Provide information relating to medical social aspects of patients

2. Social therapy and rehabilitation of patients
3. Home and environmental investigations for attending physician
4. Cooperative activities with community agencies’ social services summaries
5. Follow up reports of discharge patients, confirming disposition when obtained.

Anesthesia Service

• Directed by a physician, a member of the medical staff, who has had special training
and responsible for:

1. Quality assessment of anesthesia

2. Availability of equipment
3. Development of regulations concerning anesthetic safety
4. Retrospective evaluation of all anesthesia care

Central Service Department/Unit (CSU)

• Furnishes all supplies required for the nursing units:

o Sterile linen
o Operating room packs
o Needles
o Syringes
o Other medical supplies

8
Activity 1

• Couse module available for viewing/downloading on September 7, 2021 via mVLE

Activity 2
• Enumerate and discuss the implications of a well-governing body in a hospital
organization.
• Submit it on the date indicated via mVLE

Learning Input 2 (Laboratory)

Organizational Structure of a Hospital

Modern day hospitals have complex organizational structures. Typically, a hospital is

comprised of three elements that must be effectively integrated to ensure optimal
patient care. These are the governing body, medical staff and hospital staff members.

Activity 3

• Research and construct a comprehensive organizational structure of a modern-day

hospital.

Wrap-Up Activity

Laboratory Activity 2

• Present the constructed comprehensive organizational structure of a modern-day

hospital.
• Accomplish the activity in PDF format and submit it on the date indicated at mVLE.

Discussion Forum (Synchronous)

•You are expected to participate in the discussion forum scheduled via the mVLE
BigBlueButtonBN. Please refer to the course guide for your scheduled time.
•Prior to the scheduled forum, an invitation link will be sent to your email.
•Open-ended questions will be asked randomly among students during the discussion
proper.
•Moreover, you are also given the opportunity to ask/raise any clarifications or questions
during the discussion.

Assessment (Post-assessment)

9
Online Exam
• You are requested to take the Post-Test.
• The link for the exam will be posted on September 24, 2021 (Friday) 8:00 AM at mVLE
quiz portal
• Accomplish and submit the said exam on or before 11:59 PM on the same date.

Course Facilitator

Franklin V. Ibana, MSc, CPh, RPh

Instructor II
Pharmacy Department
09327268890 / 09166062478
fvibana@mmsu.edu.ph

10