SAS 19

CoOA

1. B

After menopause, the vagina becomes dry, thinner, and smoother. This atrophy places the vagina at risk
for infection. The combination of this fact with the presence of urine places the woman at higher risk for
infection. The nurse should teach the client good hygienic practices to reduce the likelihood of infection.
Education about briefs/undergarments may be needed, and a referral to an incontinence clinic would be
very helpful, but neither takes priority over preventing infection. Stating that incontinence is common is
not a helpful strategy.

2. B

Men experience a gradual but slight decrease in testosterone until they are in their 80s. Low
testosterone levels do affect sexual performance. Stating that the woman is lucky does not give accurate
information about sexual functioning.

3. D

All client reports require some action by the nurse, but the priority would be to further investigate and
report the "returning periods." In a postmenopausal woman, this can signal cancer.

4. B

Estrogen deprivation, which occurs as a result of menopause, decreases the moisture-secreting capacity
of vaginal cells, thereby making the area drier. The vaginal tissues also become thinner and the rugae
become smoother. Reduced frequency of intercourse will not dry out the vaginal tissues. Drinking excess
water will not make the tissues less dry. A water-soluble lubricant may make intercourse less difficult.
However, the client is asking what causes the problem.

5. B

Calcium is important throughout life, but for the postmenopausal woman, it is vital to help prevent
osteoporosis. Folic acid and B and C vitamins are very important for the woman taking oral
contraceptives. Iron might be important for this client for other reasons but is especially important for
women with heavy menstrual bleeding.

6. C

As the male client ages, the scrotum loses rugae and becomes increasingly pendulous. This is a normal
assessment finding. No further action is needed.

7. D

Persons on HRT should have an annual Pap smear and mammogram.

8. A

Vaseline and petroleum products should be avoided because they do nothing for long-term dryness.

9. A

Diabetic men are at risk for erectile dysfunction even at young ages.

10. A B C D

The response time is not decreased. All of the other options are age-related changes in the female that
affect satisfactory intercourse.