EXERCISES for Chapter 3 – Cal 1 with Dr Janet, 2020/21 Sem 1

Note: Unless stated otherwise, numerical answers should be given correct to 3 s.f. (see slide 64).
1. A rectangle has sides of length x and 2x. If x is increasing at a rate 2 mm/s, at
what rate is the area of the rectangle increasing when x = 20 mm?
2. Under adiabatic conditions, the pressure P and volume V of an ideal gas satisfy
the equation P V γ = C where γ = 1.4 and C is a constant. A certain sample of gas
is expanding at a rate 4 cm3 /s. When the volume is 200 cm3 and the pressure is 1.5
atm, find the rate of change of pressure. Is the pressure increasing or decreasing?
3. A water tank has the shape of an inverted cone of height 3 m and radius 1 m
at the top. Water enters the tank at a rate of 0.3 m3 per minute. When the water
level is 1.6 m, how fast is it rising?
4. A lighthouse is located on a small island 3 km from the nearest point A on a long,
straight coastline. The lighthouse lamp rotates at 2 revolutions per minute. The
beam hits the wall of a building lying on (and parallel to) the shoreline, producing
a spot of light which moves horizontally along the wall. If the building is 1 km from
A, how fast does this spot of light move along the wall? (Give your answer in m/s.)
5. Car A is initially 30 km west of car B. Both cars start moving at the same
time. Car A travels north at 30 km/hr. Car B travels west at 50 km/hour. After
30 minutes, at what rate is the distance between the cars increasing?
6. Find the absolute maximum and minimum values of f (x) = 2x3 − 24x + 3 on
the interval [−3, 1].
7. Let f (x) = x5 (3 − x)4 , ∀x ∈ R. For the function f , find all the critical values of
x and identify a local maximum and a local minimum.
8. Let f (x) = x(x − 2)(x + 2), ∀x ∈ R. Without calculating the derivative, show
that the equation f 0 (x) = 0 has two distinct real roots. [Hint: Use Rolle’s theorem]
9. The figure shows the graph of a function f .
a) Does f have a global maximum? a global
minimum? If so, where? b) State the intervals
of increase and decrease of f . c) State the lo-
cation of any critical points and identify any
local maxima/minima. d) State intervals of
concavity and location of any inflection points.
10. Now suppose the graph in Figure 1 shows the derivative of function g, that is
f (x) = g 0 (x). For the function g, a) state the intervals of increase and decrease,
b) state the location of any critical points and identify any local maxima/minima,
c) state intervals of concavity and location of any inflection points. d) Taking
g(0) = 0 and assuming g is continuous at x = 6, sketch an approximate graph of g.

1
 ln x
11. For the function y = , identify (if they exist) a) intervals of increase and de-
x
crease, b) local extrema, c) intervals of concavity and inflection points, d) horizontal
and vertical asymptotes, and e) use this information to sketch the graph.
Q12-21. Find the given limit or show that it does not exist. (a is a constant.)

x2/3 − 1 ln(x4 + 1) tan θ x − tan x

12. lim 1/3 , 13. lim , 14. lim , 15. lim ,
x→1 x −1 x→−∞ x θ→π 2θ x→0 x2
x cos x − sin x 1 1

16. lim 2 17. lim − ax
, 18. lim x(2 tan−1 x − π),
x→0 x sin x x→0 x xe x→∞
r
 2 3x
3 2 tan x
19. lim (1 + x2 )a/x , 20. lim 1 + , 21. lim .
x→∞ x→∞ x x→0 x
22. Given x + y = 10 with x, y ≥ 0, find the maximum possible value of xy.
23. Suppose the mass (in kg) of a certain type of moose can be modelled by the
function M (t) = 341t0.34 (0.93)t , 1 ≤ t ≤ 12 where t is the age of the moose (in
years). Find the maximum mass and the age at which it occurs.
24. You plan to make an open box from a rectangular piece of card by cutting a
square from each corner and folding up the sides. If your piece of card measures 15
cm by 20 cm, what size square should be cut from each corner to produce a box of
maximum volume?
25. A cone has height H and radius R. Find the dimensions of the largest circular
cylinder which will fit inside the cone.
26. At 9:00 AM, An is 10 km north of Bao. An is traveling east at 10 km/hr. Bao
is traveling north at 20 km/hr. When are An and Bao closest together?
27. Use Newton’s Method to find the root of the equation ex = 5 − x in the interval
[1, 2], correct to 5 decimal places.
28. Use Newton’s Method to find all the solutions of sin x = x2 − 1, correct to 6
significant figures. (Hint: Use a sketch graph to choose initial guesses.)
Q29-31. Find the following indefinite integrals:
√
Z Z Z
1 2
29. 4x + x + 3e−2x dx, 30. sin 2x + sec x tan x dx, 31. 2
− dt.
4+t t
32. Given that f 0 (t) = 12t2 − 10t + 3 and f (1) = 3, find f (t).
33. Solve the initial value problem: y 00 (x) = x22 , y(1) = y(2) = 0.
34. As raindrops fall through the air, their size increases and hence the resistance
to their motion increases. Suppose a raindrop’s initial downward
 velocity is 10 m/s
9 − 0.9t if 0 ≤ t ≤ 10
and its downward acceleration after t seconds is a(t) =
0 if t > 10.
If the raindrop is initially 700 m above the ground, how long does it take to fall?