THE TOPIC SENTENCE

In English writing, a paragraph is a group of related sentences developing a central idea. The
central idea may be stated in a sentence, which is called the topic sentence and which often
appears at the beginning of the paragraph.
The topic sentence consists of two parts: the topic (also the topic of the essay) and the
controlling idea (the main idea/ main point of the paragraph)

Topic sentence: Topic + controlling idea

Example:
Topic Controlling idea
Violence in American society has several causes.
Or
Controlling idea Topic
There are several causes of violence in American society.

PRACTICE:
Circle the topic and underline the controlling idea in the following topic sentences.

1. Cigarette smoking damages a person’s heart and lungs.

2. Hawaii has perfect climate.
3. University students take many kinds of tests.
4. Small cars are economical to buy, to operate and to maintain.
5. Living with an American family has three advantages for foreign students.
SAMPLE ANSWERS FOR MIDTERM TEST
Write THREE topic sentences and the restatement of the conclusion from the following thesis
statement:

Three points of view regarding university learning are focusing on one major, gaining
knowledge widely and preparing for future career.

Suggested Answers:
Topic sentence 1:
First, university learning aims at providing professional knowledge of student’s major.

Topic sentence 2:
Second, studying at university, students can have opportunities to widen their perspectives.

Topic sentence 3:
Third, the primary target of university education is to offer students good preparation for their
future career.

Restatement:
Overall, students acquire university education with the hope of gaining professional
knowledge, enriching understanding and taking the first steps for future career.

PRACTICE
Write THREE topic sentences and the restatement of the conclusion from the following thesis
statement:

Obviously, a person can learn to control stress by setting realistic goals, by enjoying a hobby and/ or
physical exercise and by maintaining a good, warm relationship with family and friends.