Mass transfer occurs due to difference in chemical potential

Mass flux = mass/area*time not used

Molar flux = moles/area*time used everywhere in mass transfer

Small u and capital U are already defined previously

Ji = diffusive flux
Ni = Ciui = Total flux
CiU = convective flux
Total flux = convective flux + diffusive flux
Ni = CiU+Ji
Write similar equation for Nb and use equation of Na given above and use Ca + Cb = C = constant
You will easily get Dab = Dba
Ficks law in terms of chemical potential
Molecular diffusivity correlations for gases

1. For gases Based on Kinetic Theory

 2. For gases Heinfolder correlation​ Here we consider interaction between molecules
Lennard jones potential sigma is due to interaction between A and B

Eab is lennard jones parameter

 = 2.44 (Tc/Pc)^⅓
Please Note in place of 0.841 it should be 0.341

= 1.15Tb

3. Fuller Equation for gases

 Va = Molecular volume if it is not directly given then add volumes of atom to find molecular
volume

Temp dependence of different correlations

D1,n = diffusivity of 1 in a solution mixture of 1,2,3,4,5,6……..n-1,n

Let y1, y2, y3, …...yn-1, yn be the mole fraction of components in mixture
Then,
Molecular diffusivity correlations for Liquids
For below equation we have assumed dilute solution

Stokes Einstein equation based on hydrodynamic equation for perfectly spherical particles

Inwin equation
Wilke Chang Equation for Dilute solutions

ΦB is Association factor of solvent B and viscosity is in g/m-s

Hayduk laudie equation (for conc solutions) Most accurate

DAB0 (DAB naut) is at infinitely diluted solution

Dab is in cm^2/s
Dae is effective diffusivity
Mass Balance
 Considering only one dimensional flow (along X only), Steady state, Constant area, Binary mixture,
single phase and No chemical reaction(moles generated = 0)
No convective mass flux => No bulk convective mass transfer
Diaphragm cell
Similarity between Mass, Heat and Energy transfer

Boundary Layer Theory

Reynolds analogy

Prandtl analogy
In this case note that g and l are not constant and varies because of mass transfer
‘

Counter current