Today is Monday, August 9, 2021.

Science

Kinematics
Physics is the branch of science that studies matter and energy and its
properties. Physics tries to explain the phenomena in nature usually
with mathematic models.

Mechanics is the branch of physics that studies the conditions of motion

of objects and particles (or the lack of motion).

Kinematics is the branch of mechanics that studies the objects and

particles in motion without studying the causes that produce the motion.
Kinematics

Mechanics Statics

Thermodynamics Dynamics

Optics
Physics
Quantum
Mechanics

Relativity

Electromagnetism
 Today is Tuesday, August 10, 2021.
Science
Concepts about Motion

Motion: It is the process of moving.

Position: It is the location of an object or a particle in a reference
system.
Displacement: It is the change of position in a straight line and with a
specific direction.
Distance: It is the total length of the trajectory followed by an object
between two points. It can be in a straight line, a curve or any other
trajectory.
Trajectory: It is the path followed by an object or a particle while
moving.

Note: When motion occurs in only one direction (without changing the
direction, distance and displacement have the same value.
 Today is Wednesday, August 11, 2021
Science
Measuring Distance and Displacement
Distance and displacement have the same units. They both have units of
length.
In the International System or Metric System (SI), the main unit of
length is meters (m). Multiples of the unit meters can also be used:
1 kilometer (Km) = 1,000 meters (m)
1 hectometer (Hm) = 100 meters (m)
1 decameter (Dm) = 10 meters (m)

1 meter (m) = 10 decimeters (dm)

1 meter (m) = 100 centimeters (cm)
1 meter (m) = 1,000 millimeters (mm)
In the Imperial System or English System, the unit of length is feet (ft),
but other units are also used.
1 feet (ft) = 12 inches (in)
1 mile (mi) = 5,280 feet (ft)
Example: Initially, the teacher was 1.5 m away from the desk. Then, she
moved forward 3.5 m away from the desk.
What was the displacement of the teacher? What is the distance?
Express your answers in meters and centimeters.

1.5m 3.5m
Data:
Initial position 𝒙𝟎 = 𝟏. 𝟓𝒎
Final position 𝒙𝒇 = 𝟑. 𝟓 𝒎

Procedure:
∆= 𝒙𝒇 − 𝒙𝟎 ∆: Displacement 𝒙𝒇 : Final Position 𝒙𝟎 : Initial Position
∆= 3.5𝑚 − 1.5𝑚
∆= 𝟐𝒎

100 𝑐𝑚
2𝑚 ∗ ( ) = 𝟐𝟎𝟎 𝒄𝒎
1𝑚

Answer: The displacement of the teacher is 2m or 200 cm.

 Today is Thursday, August 12, 2021.
Science
Measuring Distance and Displacement (Continued)
Example:
A man in his car drove 40 Km East from “Town A” to “Town B”. Then, he
drove 13.5 KM west from Town B to Town C. What is the displacement
from “Town A” to “Town C”? What is the total distance traveled by the
car on its path from Town A to Town C?
Town C Town B
Town A

40Km – 13.5Km= 26.5km 13.5 Km

0 Km 40 Km

Town A is our “origin”. Displacements must

be measured from a point of reference or
origin
Data:
Initial Position 𝒙𝟎 = 𝟎 𝑲𝒎
Final Position 𝒙𝒇 = 𝟐𝟔. 𝟓 𝑲𝒎

Procedure:
Displacement Distance
∆= 𝒙𝒇 − 𝒙𝟎 = 𝟒𝟎𝑲𝒎 + 𝟏𝟑. 𝟓 𝑲𝒎
∆= 𝟐𝟔. 𝟓 𝑲𝒎 − 𝟎 𝑲𝒎 = 𝟓𝟑. 𝟓 𝑲𝒎
∆= 𝟐𝟔. 𝟓 𝑲𝒎

Answer: The displacement was 26.5 Km. The distance was 53.5Km