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Drugs Affecting The Respiratory System
Drugs Affecting The Respiratory System
BRONCHIOLES (BRONCHODILATORS)
1. B- B2 AGONIST
treatment for asthma
AIM (step for acute asthma attack)
“Albuterol”
Ipratropium
Methyl-prednisolone (solu medrol)
MONITOR 3 T:
Tachycardia (Palpitation)
Tremors
Toss and turning at night (don’t give at nighttime)
NURSING INTERVENTIONS:
• advice to shake medicines before using (spray)
• advice to inhale drugs and hold for 3 seconds
• Cleaning: 1-2 times per week with warm water
2. A- ANTICHOLINERGIC AGENTS
“Ipratropium”
treatment for moderate to sever asthma and COPD
o SIDE EFFECT (“CANT PEE WITH THEM”):
• dehydrates the patient (dries out the body)
• dry mouth (NI: Offer gum or candy)
• hoarseness (NI: Offer gum or candy)
Administered through inhalation (never to be swallowed)
3. M- METHYLXANTHINE
“Theophylline”
increases heart rate- advice to decrease intake of caffeinated drug
Key points to remember (3T’s)
• Toxicity- level of theophylline is more than 20 mcg/ml
• Tonic clonic seizure- Priority (provide seizure free environment)
• Tachycardia and dysrhythmias- changes of heart activity
should not be administered with Beta Blockers
NURSING INTERVENTIONS:
• Take the medication in morning
• avoid caffeinated drinks
• stop before cardiac stress test
ANTI-INFLAMMATORY DRUGS
1. S-STEROID
“Beclomethasone”- act to decrease swelling
4S
• Swelling and inflammation (respiratory system)
• slow onset- not a drug for acute asthma attack
• sugar level will rise- less fatty food, sweets, and caffeinated beverages
• sores in the mouth- oral hygiene (use spacers)
Rinse mouth after use
Clean (inhaler): daily with water
2. L-LEUKOTRIENE MODIFIERS
“Montelukast”- prevention for asthma attack
3L
• Luke like to sing (opens airway)
• Long term management
• Long onset (1-2 week to reach therapeutic range)
3. M-MAST CELL STABILIZER (cromolyn)
act directly on your blood vessel
block massive inflammation
decrease swelling
Key points:
• prevents activity induced asthma
• take medication 15mins before exertion
• use 10-15mins before physical activity