ect oeeroey 302 cone sTAueTAES vos WORKED ExAME TO ANALYZER CORE 395 Summing the cisrisuted shear aver a story height A co obtain the beum shear gi poraxinsaly _ IBBInley ~ ws) 8 A prmly sxerboted torque, my bo wren fn the foren a= Dae 1a = RE at 9 as) f= [lets a at) Teak coche ~altsoh ex + (oH) |£ 3G] (0339) “which defines dhe disteibution of @ aver te height, isa function of a ¥ and ite mH / BEA, delines te magnus of che rtcion distibuien, The subjected (© x uniformly distributed torque nis 1248 mH? 1 [lai sich et +1} frp RSE coon on) - ates ae + (i$) “The maxinwom bencing moment in the eonnecting beam is then a= a () = On(e)$ mit 5.0 aH, 2 A A typienlaistciboion of shear ia the connecting beams over the help One) = SEE TF Mat o/) (rs vnifoim care is shown in Fig, 15.80, The above method of 3 latte cores is void for beams seross ary 07 2 whether ssinmetically or asymmetrically Toentec, pravieled dre walls to wil bg ate) ten 2/) (13.61) 2 ler. bering eonnect ave I the plane af ve Beam ar that he Sf he connected walls as sigifennly gst then these of the beams a! Ky are also functions of ff and 2/4. They iepesent the dsrbutinne i especive actions over the heist of ths cor, wile chs fnetians precoding ‘gover the magnitudes of the ditions, Curves of and X, are given in 2.2 and A2.5 for rapid hand solutions, ularly disted coreue, and » concentrated tongue ot the ‘pay be solved smiley using che sditional design curves given in Apzendix ir results may be superposed with those for unifansly distributed loacing 19.2.6 Solutions for Alternative Loadings with a uniformly distributed tomue, are useful in representing graduated” leading and stars equivalent earthquake loading, Solutions for these additional cases are given in Appendix 2. 138 WORKED EXANPLE TO ANALYZE A CORE USING 13.4. ANALYSIS BY THE USE OF DESIGN CURVES RMULAS AND DESIGN CURVES Similarly to the solutions for displneements ond actions in wall-frame andi388 cone stRuCTURES é cores with hanging ar eontiievered floors. Although the method is accurate only (or coms witha uniform section throvghout the height, it may be used to eb tun epprosimate estimate ofthe ations i nanunifonn coves for the purpase off preliminary design, 4 ‘To deionatrte the analyss ef a core strvetze, a Werrhigh tuilding cons ing of 20 3,5-rmhigh stories, with the plan arangemert shown in Fig, 13.1038 considared. he resistance to Tore inthe ¥ direction and fo tore is provid by aco whose dimetsians and orogenic: ae shows ia Fi, 13.63 The bl is subjects to x uniformly disuibued wind pressure of 0.5 i/o "3 1s ogre wo determine the ttl deleccon 3 the tp of te strc tnd the vertical direct stesses at uhe base uo 10 Berdng ad twisting, for cases, In thé frst case the core hes aa open suction and, in the soaond. the Opening is panially closed by U.2S-m-wide by O.Sn-deep hears at 3.5 m eon up the teigit of the stricture. For the second cose determine also the mesimu value ofthe shear ane the bending marment ja the connecting beams. 4 Aa chasti¢ wnodulos £ = 2,0. 107 kN /un? andl the shear modulus © = Os {07k a! re assume forthe conczee propane. Te procedes ot te ami tye firs decribed and chet ilustaied pumerealy or the considered sicuciue Step. Determine the Sectoral Properties, As explained in Section 13.2 forope sccilon cores, and in See, 13.5.4 fer cores partially closed by beans, the sts ‘oral propenies cau be eblained. Fer the given streeture, the location of shear center, the principal sectorial coordinate (4) dingram, the manient of i ertia fq andthe values of J, and J, are abcained fiom the resus of the work ‘exanypl in'Scetion 13,26. 2 The distance of the shear canter is 4.56 m from the pote 0" (Fig, 13.62) a the parameters ofthe coe are fy = 21.22 mf, = 43.6 mt, and J = 0.073 pas 39. Pdi at ‘round § 4 125 WORKED ExAUALETO AAALYZE ACORE 935 2. Determine the Line of Action ofthe Horizancel Leading Resuliont end ie ecentrcity ¢ from the Shear Center. The resaknt wind force per unit height fhe building is equal to 20 > 0,5 = 1 KN/m and it ace 3,06 1 to the right the shear center, that is whe eccuntrcity, ¢, from the shear eerter is 3.08 m. nce the external torque isthe product of the harizontel beading and is excen~ ily, the torque due to the wind is 30.6 kN m/m height, antilock wise To detecmie the maximum deflection athe top of the structure and the stresses he beso, a bending analysis has te be performed. Dellectan at the top dus ping ie : wert to x 70 2) = Se eR TO WP wie Om ding mouent a the base aay{0) = MEE Oe 2 oe 24,500 kNm_ jg Su0s5 at C, at Uie base of the cave (Fig, 13.10), is given by Myo _ 24,500 > 3,125 BEE 3608 UN fa #08 at other points are obiained similarly. The bending stres diagram is given, Hig. 13.1 ta. = 8 2085 og ee atte | sm a Nc) a5 SES A 2s 208 jae LEE steesses in open section i The Sry In seton Pw ts fe 111 Bowl sas a bref enanple cor set fi warps Bir 436 cone srrucrones 198 WORKED ERMMMLETO ANALYZE AcORE —~B8T B= Wo, st ee = s/h LD) 306 x 70 20 x 10" x 43.8 19 +1) (oosh 19 = 1) Step 3, Deteimiine the parusneter ett using Ee, (12.39) eos 1 fea an He ~t9sinm i +137 0 -05)]] thus, 6(H.) = 0.0848 reds anticlockwise. “Therefore. the seldiional deftection of the ight-hand side of the building, doe twist 8, For the ease af the open -seeiios: _ yp (8 x10" 0. a= % 10” % 43, b. Far the cass of the patay slowed scion: Consider te core wit pening perl cise by Beams al 3.5 m centers, The beams ar 0 vie by 06s deep, The moment of irenis of a bear is IMA) = @L42) X distance of right-hand side from shear center = 0.0468 3 13,05 = 0.585 m ote thatthe displaccineat cue t9 torsion is much larger than thet due to ending. “phe raul deflection st the top Noor eight-hand side due to berdiow snd 4, = 0.25 * 0.67/12 = 0.0065 mi" ‘The modified torsion constant J is given by Eq. (13.50) UH) + 9\(H) = 0.071 0.585 = 0.655 0 ineqa? Gh dep Dae se ‘The dfietion represents yo the total buileingbelghi, an unncesptably B ange ve , Fore ee ofthe pally eased seton: The roton at he top given sd Lis he spun ofthe beam 12 x 2.0 x 10? x 9.0045 x 36 306 x 70 — -| S22 Has c2 - 1 6.2y FA OO OS Kane OTST “Tox KBE cosh 6.2 Therefor, 2 ~cxuns2 + (cate -03] GL 10.9 x 10? x 0.767 att 1 {2 2 70, 02% 10 036 Eby 2.0 x 10? x 43.8 62 i. Thus 0(H) = 0.00796 rads anticlockwise, “Phen te tial deflection a he tp Naor righ-hund side eu wo bending Step 4. Datennine Roti and Total Deletions. ‘The roution at aay level and twists the core for a uniformly distributed torque at may be obtained either fro, 115.38) orby taking he spree vate of fom ig. M21 and (238) a 071 + 0.00796 % 13.06 = 0.175 m y “his dellection is adn OF the height and is therefore generally neceptable, EE Nowe the stifening effect of the bears ia seducing the clsplacement du io ion. cosh al wt [Sete coh a — 1 ‘Sty 5, Devermine dimements and Warping Stresses. The warpi veael® VV in totale530 cone steucrures 195 WORKED EXAMPLE Te ANALYZE ACONE 999 soe wif yA Dano) eouh 6.2 oivalined for a unifonniy diseiduted loading either from Ea. (13.44) ary 45 fran Fig. AZ.3 and using Eq. (13.61). (0) (2). the veneal warping sess is obtained from Bq. (13.21). a The cesuling warping stresses must be combined with the bending sireig ‘cbisined by considering the cere as u exural ewnlilever about its ir wee, vive the total asia stresses ue 1s hurizaptal loading, 3 3, For tie ease of the open-ssetion: The vertical stresses athe bose due) waving way deteratined from the bimonseet ut the base: this Is given by 3a 4 -saumo~ J}, ~ Thus, B(O) = 2.03 > LO" Nm! frum which the veal woeping sess 2.05 x 10 x (—21 GAG) = ROB NE BBB) a6 ay? cension fate) = mith Lf Bsa ett sae) Be ] (Genel com ait 4 “This ig loss than half the value of the warping stress in the core without beans. The distdbution of werping stresses arcund ihe baie ofthe cove ig ‘compared with thet of the open section in Fig. 13.1.8, ~ atria a= oo Atte bose z= One! og sof ta) 82D ome) soca [OU 2D ay Thus (0), = 4.6 % 10° kee ‘te case ofthe pania!y closed section with connesting besms. ay be aba ether fom fq (13-56) er by thing Ay fam Fig Ano wed sing Bq. (13.60), * ° (0) = fithie maximum value of the beum shear may ke obtained by seansing the ep- spent curve of Ny to find the maximurt value and using it in Eq. (19.60) for ‘a zstermine the shear force end beading mament in he eoaresting bess, the ear hn x beany at heigtt = fons the buse is given by Ey (13.20), Ag “wef aA shel # Vie gy “TD Ueup mb “The warping steess = teas at 2)]] ws vertical warping stress at G, for example, is AG % 10! x (8.88) a8 gy = IZ HOS 36 x 30.6 x 19 Be PR ALE ei} = 9926 kN/m*. teasion Warping stesses other points nee obiained siirly, The dss cof warping sess over the scion Is alven in Fig, 13.1 1b, i this eas, smuximum warping stresses { +9326 kN/m?) are sigatficartly larger than snasinwns bending sess ¢+3608 KN , Fortheense ofthe paslyclsod seston: Te dotemine the warping ie anariemat = = Of lve by 1 Le is 4a0 cone strucTunes i 126 COKFUFER ANALYSES OF CONE SrMUCTUTES — 841 0.3, Then 1 {man} for aH = 6.2 is ead 250.083 a1 2/1 Ms(2) = OMle) F 2K 30.6 x 70" x 0.0015 x 36 0.083 O, (maa) 43.8 x a = 100.7 kN ‘My = 96.88 % 2 = (93.76 Nev (3.57 “This example illisrates thot when an open of panially closed-section cove iy the primary torque-fesisting component of a building, the veticul stresses duc Loe waning may be very signticart, Also, beams evune core cn signi silent sui terse, heey eucing he ws 3nd RE, ee vases ae assure enough Tor praca parporss. warping stresses. ‘The above results were calaulated fom formvlas, They cusld have been ob 4 tslned mare rapidly by design curv solutions. This procedure i iustat by COMPUTER ANALYSES OF CORE STRUCTURES repeating the analysis of the core with beams, “Ths setalion ot the top is ebiained by using Bq, (13.58) nat! ee Biya of tinge cor sures wih unifone ropes. 1s seul alsa for (8) = gaz, Rulon. 3/1) (3. en tan understanding of warping behavior and che response of 7 core 10 isc ale and he properties vay wit igh The asia eo cna, Heal to aalas sch complon oseolcs nad is ress fo ren to 8 ts ratte computa amyl, whi ean onl he ol stureicading Freund ts dicate varias [tes eueore of computer ode! ate cone ie ft nes he Her ord cullen fume models, Ue sean ia two-colun rod nde ina aiglecolumn mode Altwongh they ve aned to Inder of een consis reproenaon and, hones iting otic) in ue of comer Pes they we fetus nthe reves over the sls vel app where Ky for ad = 6.2 and ¢/H = LO is wad from Fig, A2.1 3800077 theo 30,6 x To! x 0.07 Exax iO x ae |= 0.00807 rads anticlockwise 04) “The bimement atthe base Hs obsained by using Bq. (13.1). nit and Tn the enge of Iniemrotng thoi resulls. Each, iowever, bas virtues Ba) = = So Kok 0/8) (13-6 FIRE cle wo ens its consideration here where Ky for aff = 6.2 nnd r/H = Gis rod from Fig, A2.3 05 0.27: thon fup.1 Mombrene Finite Etement ode! Analysis 30.6 10 x 0.27 hipnificent advantage of « membrane element mace! afaysis of cone is ths 240) 7 Be it esi ey owl of warning eo, mr door mere he ee ion ofthe warping sostria! properties Tung the arse soins bing cor be fein stage de 10 th = 2.02 x 10* kNmt leontal rigidity of the fleor slabs, the principal interaction betwen the walls is ‘The shear in the beams is obtained by sing Eq (15.608, al shear along their eonticting edges. Consequently, an elect core cen be 2outt® sa (2) = FE Hales 2/1) (300g igned to be Remurally rigid in the horizontal ple and tobe iy connecied ‘where X is obtained for af = 6.2 and the appropri value of 2/H from ihe comers. The auxliry beams serve to maintain te eros-sectiona| shape of ADD, Th lovel ofthe beam carrying the maximum shear i identified by seansak MZ Ae car whan itis subjcted ca Heading and, by stfening re auxiliary beams ac Ae cine cerning i eff 26.2 ané Hing the mexicum valve of &s-HG PS howll-ge clement gains vertical Derding, ie alt bear est crone