Doppler effect, the change in the observed frequency of a wave when there is relative motion

between the source and the observer. The Doppler effect is a fundamental wave phenomenon with
many applications. The phenomenon applies to all waves, but only sound and light waves are
considered here.

Wavefront diagrams If you stand by the edge of a road and a car moving at high-speed approaches
you will hear a high-pitched sound. The instant the car moves past you the frequency of the sound
will drop abruptly and will stay low as the car moves away from you: this is the Doppler effect. It is
more pronounced if the car going by is a Formula 1 racing car!
Doppler effect train horn Amtrak Carolinian Garner, NC - YouTube

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=a3RfULw7aAY
Doppler Effect - YouTube MR Anderson