AWESOME SCHOOL , BARAN

Economics Class 9 Ncert Solutions Chapter 1 The

story of village Palampur
Question-2 Modern farming methods require more inputs, which are
manufactured in industry. Do you agree?
Solution: No doubt, modern farming requires more inputs than traditional
farming. These are:

 chemical fertilizers
 pesticides
 pump sets
 farm machinery
 electricity
 diesel
 HYV seeds
 water supply

Most of these inputs like fertilizers, tools, and implements are manufactured in
industry. HYV seeds are developed in agriculture research laboratories.
Machine industry provides various kinds of implements, irrigation pumps, and
farming machinery to improve productivity and minimize farming efforts.
Chemical and soil engineering-based industries provide fertilizers and
pesticides to boost agriculture. Water supply is done by canals and tanks.
Electricity is supplied by powerhouses.

Question-3 How did the spread of electricity help farmers in Palampur?

Solution: The spread of electricity helped the farmers in Palampur in the
following ways:

1. Most of the houses have electricity connections.

2. It is used to run tubewells in the fields.
3. It is used in various types of small businesses.

Question-4 Is it important to increase the area under irrigation? Why?

Solution: Irrigation facilities are available only to about 40% of the cultivated
land area in the country. The rest of the land, i.e., 60% of the cultivated area,
is still dependent on rainfall for irrigation. It means that the benefit of multiple
cropping cannot be achieved by 60% of the farmers in the country. They
produce less and so their income is also low. Thus, they live in poverty.

Therefore, if these farmers are to be brought out of poverty, farm productivity

has to increase. This is only possible when they use modern farming methods
and dependable irrigation facilities. Hence, it is important to increase the area
under irrigation.

Question-6 Why are the wages for farm labourers in Palampur less than
minimum wages?
Solution:
A waged labourer might be employed on a daily basis, or for one particular
farm activity like harvesting, or for the whole year. Most small farmers have to
borrow money to arrange for the capital. They borrow from large farmers or
the village moneylenders or the traders who supply various inputs for
cultivation. The rate of interest on such loans is very high. They are put to
great distress to repay the loan. Hence they pay very low wages to the farm
labourers.

Question-8 What are the different ways of increasing production on the same
piece of land? Use examples to Explain.
Solution:
To grow more than one crop on a piece of land during the year is known as
multiple cropping. It is the most common way of increasing production on a
given piece of land. All farmers in Palampur grow at least two main crops;
many are growing potato as the third crop in the past fifteen to twenty years.

Question-10 How do the medium and large farmers obtain capital for
farming? How is it different from the small farmers?
Solution:
In contrast to the small farmers, the medium and large farmers have their own
savings from farming. They are thus able to arrange for the capital needed.

Question-11 On what terms did Savita get a loan from Tajpal Singh? Would
Savita’s condition be different if she could get a loan from the bank at a low
rate of interest?
Solution:
Savita was a small farmer. She planed to cultivate wheat on her 1-hectare
land. Besides seeds, fertilizers and pesticides, she needed cash to buy water
 and repair her farm instruments. She estimated that his working capital itself
would cost a minimum of Rs 3,000. She didn’t have the money, so she
decided to borrow from Tejpal Singh, a large farmer. Tejpal Singh agreed to
give Savita the loan at an interest rate of 24 percent for four months, which
was a very high-interest rate.

Savita also had to promise to work on his field as a farm labourer during the
harvest season at Rs 35 per day. Savita knew that this wage is quite low and
she will have to work very hard to complete harvesting on her own field, and
then work as a farm labourer for Tejpal Singh. Savita agreed to those tough
conditions, as she knew, that getting a loan is difficult for a small farmer. Yes,
Savita’s condition would have been different if she could get a loan from the
bank at a low rate of interest.

Question-14
What can be done so that more non-farm production activities can be started
in villages?
Solution:
The villagers must be made aware of the non-farm production activities and
their benefits. They must also be taught the methods of doing such activities.
The villagers who have the impression that they can earn only by farming,
must be given proper guidance and help to do such activities.

OTHER IMPORTANT QUESTIONS

Very Short Answer Type Questions

Q.1 Which resources are required for production activities ?

Ans 1 :- There are four categories of resources, or factors of production:

 Natural resources (land)

 Labor (human capital)
 Capital (machinery, factories, equipment)
 Entrepreneurship.

Q.2 What is the main production activity in villages across india ?

 Ans 2 :- In villages across India, farming is the main production activity. The
other production activities, referred to as non- farm activities include small
manufacturing, transport, shop-keeping, etc.

Q.3 Name Some non-farming activities .

Ans 3 :- Non-farming activities can include various ventures like handicrafts,
household as well as non-household small-scale manufacturing,
construction, mining, quarrying, repair, transport, community service etc, but
of course in the designated rural areas.

Q.4 what is the full form of HYV ?

Ans 4 :- HYV may refer to: High-yielding variety in agro industry.

Q.5 What is the aim of production ?

Ans 5 :- Aim of production is to produce goods and render services to the
economy. a) The first factor of production is land, but this includes any
natural resource used to produce goods and services.

Q.6 What is Bigha or Guintha ?

Ans 6 :- Bigha is a unit of measuring land..In Punjab, four bigha is. equal to
one acre. In central India, bighas were standardized at 3025 yd2(2529.3 m2)
or 5/8 acre (0.2529 hectare). Guintha is a local unit of measuring land.

Q.7 What is multiple cropping ?

Ans 7 : 1 To grow more than one crop on a field.
2 If one crop damaged then it has the chances that the another crop
will not damaged.
3 Multiple cropping enables the fertility of the soil.
4 It also prevent soil erosion.

Q.8 Name Some modern farming methods ?

 Ans 8 :- Monoculture:
 Chemical pest control:
 Tillage:
 Genetic Manipulation:
 Irrigation:
 Application of Inorganic Fertilizer:

Q.9 Mention the transport services available in palampur.

Ans 9 :- They use bullock carts, tongas, rickshaws, bogeys and goods.

Q.10 What is the ratio of farming and non-farming activities in the rural areas
across India ?
Ans 10 :- the ratio of farming and non farming activities in India is 1:3.
THE RATIO IS 3 : 7 OF FARMING AND NON FARMING.