JAMES EDRIAN A. RUBIO APRIL 9, 2021 BSCE -1A “WHAT HAVE | LEARNED IN COURSE UNIT 4: MOMENTUM, IMPULSE, AND COLLISIONS” © Momentum is a vector quantity which refers to a property related to the object's motion and mass and its direction is the same as its velocity. Linear Momentum or simply the momentum of an object is the product of the mass of the object and its velocity. © The Net Force from Newton's Second Law of Motion is also equivalent to the rate of change of the body's momentum, © Momentum is conserved in all types of interaction, i.e. the total momentum before interaction is equal to the total momentum after the collision. ‘* Impulse simply refers to the product of a force and the time during which it acts in an object. It is also equal to the change in momentum. Its direction is the same as the direction of the net force acting on the object. * Collision occurs when two or more bodies come in contact with each other. When two or more bodies collide, linear momentum is conserved but the total kinetic energy may or may not be conserved depending on the type of collision. It may be described as perfectly inelastic, inelastic, or elastic based on what happens to the two bodies after the collision © The Coefficient of Restitution, represented by “e”, is the negative ratio of the relative velocity of the two colliding objects after collision to the relative velocity before the collision. CHARACTERISTICS OF DIFFERENT TYPES OF COLLISION PERFECTLY INELASTIC ELASTIC INELASTIC The bodies cling to each other after collision and move with a common velocity. inetic Energy is conserve Basic Formulae MOMENTUM: p=mvWhere: p= linear momentum (SI: kgm/s) mass (kg) locity (m/s) KINETIC-MOMENTUM: “Equal amount of momenta doesn't necessarily mean equal amount of Kinetic Energy.” ZF = ma; w= n(e) ap Men ze aa Where’ EF= Average Net Force (N) ‘p= Change in Momentum (kgm/s) At= Time during the net force acts (s) IMPULSE: I= EF + dt = ap = me, —») Where’ I= Impulse (Ns) EF= Net Force (N) At= time (s) ‘Ap= Change in Momentum (Ns) CONSERVATION OF MOMENTUM: Phejore = Paster Mg, + MY y Where: 1m,= mass of object A (kg) 1 Mag + Pagm,= mass of object B (kg) v ,,= intial velocity of object A (m/s) v,,,= initial velocity of object B (m/s) v,,= final velocity of abject A (m/s) v4, final velocity of object B (m/s) KINETIC ENERGY IS CONSERVED: = 3K, aefore = "Koper 2,1? 24a FEM My HEM Mg TEM My 2 4 ? KINETIC ENERGY IS NOT CONSERVED: 5K, repore > *K sper Foss = Krepore — *Kajter COEFFICIENT OF RESTITUTION: e Where: € = coefficient of restitution, varies from 0 to 1 Final velocity of the first object v,,= Final velocity of the second object, v,,.= Initial velocity of the first objectof the second object