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Increasing and Decreasing, Rolle's Theorem and Lagrange's Theorem
Increasing and Decreasing, Rolle's Theorem and Lagrange's Theorem
th
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28. The function f ( x ) = tan x − x;
(a) always increases (b) always decreases
(c) never decreases (d) sometimes increases and sometimes decreases
29. The function f ( x ) = x + cos x is :
(a) always increasing (b) always decreasing (c) increasing for certain range of x (d) none of these
30. y = 2 x − 6 x + 5 is an increasing function if:
3
1
(a) 0 < x < 1 (b) −1 < x < 1 (c) x < −1 or x > 1 (d) −1 < x < −
2
31. The function f ( x ) = 2 x 3 − 3 x 2 + 90 x + 174 is increasing in the interval
1 1 59
(a) < x <1 (b) <x<2 (c) 3 < x < (d) −∞ < x < ∞
2 2 4
32. The range in which y = − x 2 + 6 x − 3 is increasing is :
(a) x < 3 (b) x > 3 (c) 7 < x < 8 (d) 5 < x < 6
33. f ( x ) = x 2 − 2 x is monotonically increasing for
(a) x ≥ 1 (b) x > −1 (c) 1 ≤ x < 5 (d) None of these
34. f ( x ) = tan −1 x − x is decreasing at x (∈ ℝ ) for
1
(a) ∀ x ≠ −1 (b) ∀ x ≠ 1 (c) ∀ x ≠ (d) ∀ x ∈ R
2
35. The set of values of x for which log (1 + x ) < x, is
(a) x > 0 (b) 0 < x < 1 (c) x ≥ 0 (d) None of these
36. Let f ( x ) = 3x + log x, then
(a) f ( x ) is increasing and has a maximum at x = e (b) f ( x ) is increasing
1
(c) f ( x ) is decreasing and has a minimum at x = (d) f ( x ) is decreasing but has no extremum
e
37. Let f ( x ) = 1 + ( x − 1) e x . Then for x > 0
(a) f ( x ) < 0 (b) f ( x ) > 0 (c) f ( x ) ≥ 0 (d) None of these
38. The function f ( x ) = 2 x 2 − 3x + 1 is
(a) Increasing at x = 1 and decreasing at x = 0 (b) Decreasing at x = 1 and increasing at x = 0
(c) A monotonic function throughout its domain (d) Neither increasing at nor decreasing at x = 0,1
39. If f ( x ) = x tan x, then the function f ( x ) is
π π
(a) Monotonically increasing in 0, (b) Monotonically decreasing in 0,
2 2
π π
(c) Strictly increasing in 0, (d) Not monotonic in 0,
2 2
40. Let f ( x ) = 2 x + 2 − x − 2; then f ( x ) is
(a) Strictly decreasing for x > 0 (b) Strictly increasing for x > 0
(c) A monotonically decreasing function (d) Not a monotonic function for x > 0
41. The function f ( x ) = cot −1 x + x increases in the biggest interval
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(a) (1, ∞ ) (b) ( −1, ∞ ) (c) ( −∞, ∞ ) (d) ( 0, ∞ )
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Correctly matched?
Interval Function Interval Function
(a) ( −∞, 4 ) x3 + 6 x 2 + 6 (b) ( −∞, 1/ 3) 3x 2 − 2 x + 1
(c) [−2, ∞) 2 x 3 − 3 x 2 − 12 x + 6 (d) ( −∞, ∞ ) x3 − 3x 2 + 3 x + 3
57. The function x x is increasing, when
(a) x ≥ 1/ e (b) x ≤ 1/ e (c) x ≤ 0 (d) For all real x
2x
58. The function f ( x ) = log x − is increasing in the biggest interval
2+ x
(a) ( −∞, 0 ) (b) ( 0, ∞ ) (c) (1, ∞ ) (d) ( −∞, 1)
59. If f ( x ) = sin x − cos x, the interval in which function is strictly decreasing in 0 ≤ x ≤ 2π , is
π 3π π π 3π 5π
(a) , (b) , (c) , (d) None of these
6 4 4 2 2 2
60. Let f ( x ) = ∫ e x ( x − 1)( x − 2 ) dx. Then, f decreases in the interval
The set of all the values of x for which the function f ( x ) = x ( x − 2 ) is increasing in the set
2
64.
2
(a) −∞, ∪ [ 2, ∞ ) (b) ( −∞,1] (c) ( 0,1] ∪ [ 2, ∞ ) (d) [1, 2]
3
, then f ( x ) is
x (1− x )
65. If f ( x ) = xe
1 1
(a) ↑ in R (b) ↓ in − ,1 (c) ↑ in − ,1 (d) ↓ in R
2 2
66. If f ( x ) = kx − cos x is monotonically increasing for all x ∈ R , then
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69. The function f ( x ) = x − cot x
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Column – I Column –II
A. f ( x ) = x 2 − 2 x + 5 is 1. Strictly decreasing in ( −∞, −1) and strictly increasing
in ( −1, ∞ ) .
B. f ( x ) = 10 − 6 x − 2 x is 2
2. Strictly increasing in ( −∞, −9 / 2 ) and strictly decreasing
9
in − , ∞ .
2
C. f ( x ) = −2 x3 − 9 x 2 − 12 x + 1 is 3. Strictly decreasing in ( −∞, −2 ) and ( −1, ∞ ) and strictly
increasing in ( −2, −1)
D . f ( x ) = 6 − 9 x − x is2
4. Strictly increasing in ( −∞, −9 / 2 ) and strictly decreasing
9
in − , ∞
2
E. ( x + 1) ( x − 3) is
3 3
5. Strictly increasing in (1,3) and ( 3, ∞ ) and strictly
decreasing in ( −∞, −1) and ( −1,1)
Codes
A B C D E A B C D E
(a) 1 2 3 4 5 (b) 2 3 4 1 5
(c) 1 4 3 2 5 (d) 5 4 3 2 1
81. If f ( x ) = cos x, g ( x ) = cos 2 x , h ( x ) = cos 3x and l ( x ) = tan x, then which of the following option is
correct ?
(a) f ( x ) and g ( x ) are strictly decreasing in ( 0, π / 2 )
(b) h ( x ) is neither increasing nor decreasing in ( 0, π / 2 )
(c) l ( x ) is strictly increasing in ( 0, π / 2 ) (d) All are correct
82. The interval on which the function f ( x ) = 2 x3 + 9 x 2 + 12 x − 1 is decreasing , is
(a) [ −1, ∞ ) (b) [ −2, −1] (c) ( −∞, −2] (d) [ −1,1]
π
83. Which of the following is decreasing on 0, ?
2
(a) sin 2 x (b) tan x (c) cos x (d) cos 3 x
84. A monotonic function f in an interval I mens that f is
(a) increasing in I (b) decreasing in I
(c) either increasing in I or decreasing in I (d) neither increasing in I nor decreasing in I
85. What is the interval in which the function f ( x ) = 9 − x 2 is increasing ?
(a) 0 < x < 3 (b) −3 < x < 0 (c) 0 < x < 9 (d) −3 < x < 3
86. If f and g are two decreasing functions such that fog exists then fog
(a) is an increasing function (b) is a decreasing function
(c) is neither increasing nor decreasing (d) None of these
87. If f is an increasing function and g is a decreasing function on an interval I such that fog exists then
(a) fog is an increasing function on I (b) fog is a decreasing function on I
(c) fog is a neither decreasing nor function on I (d) None of these
88. If f and g are two increasing functions such that fog is defined then
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(a) fog is an increasing function (b) fog is an decreasing function
(c) fog is neither increasing nor decreasing (d) None of these
89. A condition for a function y = f ( x ) to have an inverse is that it should be
(a) defined for all x (b) continuous everywhere
(c) strictly monotonic and continuous in the domain (d) an even function
y = x ( x − 3 ) decreasing for the value of x given by
2
90.
3
(a) 1 < x < 3 (b) x < 0 (c) x > 0 (d) 0 < x <
2
91. All the values of λ for which f ( x ) = λ x 3 − 9 x 2 + 9 x + 10 is an increasing function on are given by
(a) λ > 3 (b) λ < 3 (c) λ ≥ 3 (d) None of these
92. ( )
f ( x ) = x − cot −1 x − log x + 1 + x 2 is increasing in
3 3
(a) f ( x ) is monoyonically increasing in −1, (b) f ( x ) is monotonically decreasing in , 4
2 2
25
(c) the maximum value of f ( x ) is (d) the minimum value of f ( x ) is 0
4
94. Let f ( x ) and g ( x ) are defined and differentianle for x ≥ x0 and f ( x0 ) = g ( x0 ) , f ' ( x ) > g ' ( x ) for
x > x0 ' then
(a) f ( x ) < g ( x ) for some x > x0 (b) f ( x ) = g ( x ) for some x > x0 \
(c) f ( x ) > g ( x ) for all x > x0 (d) None of these
95. The function f ( x ) = x3 − 3x is
(a) increasing on ( −∞, −1] ∪ [1, ∞ ) and decreasing on ( −1,1)
(b) decreasing on ( −∞, −1] ∪ [1, ∞ ) and increasing on ( −1,1)
(c) increasing on ( 0, ∞ ) and decreasing on ( −∞, 0 ) (d) decreasing on ( 0, ∞ ) and increasing on
( −∞, 0 )
96. If f ( x ) = x 4 − 3x 2 + 5 x + 1 then f '' ( x ) < 0 when
1 1 1
(a) x < (b) x > 1 (c) < x <1 (d) x ∈ −∞, ∪ (1, ∞ )
2 2 2
97. The function f ( x ) = 2 x3 + 9 x 2 + 12 x + 20 is increasing the interval
(a) ( ∞, 2 ) (b) ( 2, ∞ ) (c) ( −∞, −2 ) (d) ( −2, ∞ )
98. The value of x for which the function f given by f ( x ) = 2 x3 − 3x 2 − 12 x + 12 is increasing in
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(a) ( −∞, −1] ∪ [ 2, ∞ ) (b) ( −∞, −4] ∪ [ 2, ∞ ) (c) ( −∞, 0] ∪ [ 2, ∞ ) (d) none of these
99. if f ( x ) = x 3 − 6 x 2 + 9 x + 3 is a decreasing function , then x lies in
(a) ( −∞, −1] ∪ [3, ∞ ) (b) [1,3] (c) [3, ∞ ) (d) [1, 4]
100. The function f ( x ) = ax + b is strictly decreasing for all x ∈ R , if
(a) 0 (b) a < 0 (c) a > 0 (d) none of these
101. f ( x ) = 2 x − 6 x + 5 is an increasing function , if
3
1
(a) 0 ≤ x ≤ 1 (b) −1 ≤ x ≤ 1 (c) x ≤ −1 or x ≥ 1 (d) −1 ≤ x ≤ −
2
102. The function f defined by f ( x ) = 4 x 4 − 2 x + 1 is increasing for
1 1
(a) x ≤ 1 (b) x ≥ 0 (c) x ≤ (d) x ≥
2 2
103. The interval in which f ( x ) = 9 x 2 − 12 x − 30 increasing more rapidly than 2 x3 is
(a) (1, 2 ) (b) ( −∞,1) (c) ( 2, ∞ ) (d) none of these
1
104. for every value of x the function f ( x ) = is
5x
(a) Decreasing (b) increasing
(c) neither increasing nor decreasing (d) increasing for x > 0 and decreasing for x < 0
1
105. The function f ( x ) = is decreasing in the interval
1 + x2
(a) ( −∞, −1] (b) ( −∞, 0] (c) [1, ∞ ) (d) [ 0, ∞ )
π
106. On the interval 0, , the function log sin x is
2
(a) increasing (b) Decreasing
(c) Neither increasing nor decreasing (d) none of these
107. For all real values of x, increasing function f ( x ) is
(a) x −1 (b) x 2 (c) x3 (d) x 4
108. The function f ( x ) = x 3 − 3x 2 − 24 x + 5 is an increasing function in the interval
(a) ( −∞, −2] ∪ [ 4, ∞ ) (b) [ −2, ∞ ) (c) [ −2, 4] (d) ( −∞, 4]
109. For which interval the given function f ( x ) = −2 x3 − 9 x 2 − 12 x + 1 is decreasing ?
(a) [ −2, ∞ ) (b) [ −2,1] (c) ( −∞, −1] (d) ( −∞, −2] or [ −1, ∞ )
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ROLLE’S THEOREM AND LAGRANGE’S THEOREM
f (b ) − f ( a )
1. If from mean value theorem f ′ ( x1 ) = then
b−a
(a) a < x1 ≤ b (b) a ≤ x1 < b (c) a < x1 < b (d) a ≤ x1 ≤ b
π
2. Consider the function f ( x ) = e−2 x sin 2 x over the interval 0, .
2
π
A real number c ∈ 0, , as guaranteed by Rolle’s theorem, such that f ' ( c ) = 0 is
2
(a) π / 8 (b) π / 6 (c) π / 4 (d) π / 3
x 2 − 3x
3. For which interval the function f ( x ) = satisfies all the conditions of Rolle’s Theorem
x −1
(a) [ 0, 3] (b) [ − 3, 0] (c) [1.5, 3] (d) None of these
4. Rolle’s theorem is true for the function f ( x ) = x 2 − 4 in the interval
(a) [ −2, 0] (b) [ −2, 2] (c) [ 0, 1/ 2] (d) [ 0, 2]
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15 21
(a) 1 − (b) 1 + 15 (c) 1 − (d) 1 + 21
6 6
π
12. If f ( x ) = cos x, 0 ≤ x ≤ , then the real number ‘ c ’ for the mean value theorem is
2
(a) π / 6 (b) π / 4 (c) sin −1 ( 2 / π ) (d) cos −1 ( 2 / π )
13. From mean value theorem f ( b ) − f ( a ) = ( b − a ) f ′ ( x ) , a < x1 < b where a and b both are + ve . If
f ( x ) = 1/ x , then x1 =
a+b 2ab 2ab
(a) ab (b) (c) (d)
2 (a + b) (a + b)
14. If the curve f ( x ) = x ( x + 3) e x / 2 has its local extremum at x = d , then which of the following is true
(a) d ∈ [3, 4] (b) −3 < d < 0 (c) 0 ≤ d ≤ 3 (d) None of these
f (b ) − f ( a )
15. If from mean value theorem, f ′ ( x1 ) = , then
b−a
1
16. From mean value theorem : f ( b ) − f ( a ) = ( b − a ) f ′ ( x1 ) ; a < x1 < b if f ( x ) = , then x1 =
x
4
17. Rolle’s theorem holds for the function f ( x ) = x3 + bx 2 + cx, 1 ≤ x ≤ 2 at the point , the value of b
3
and c are
18. A value of c for which conclusion of Mean Value Theorem holds for the function f ( x ) = log e x on
1
(a) log 3 e (b) log e 3 (c) 2 log 3 e (d) log 3 e
2
4
19. Rolle’s Theorem holds for the function f ( x ) = x3 + bx 2 + cx where1 ≤ x ≤ 2 at the point , the value
3
of b and c are
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(a) 1 (b) −1 (c) 3 / 2 (d) 1 / 3
21. The function f ( x ) = x − 6 x + ax + b satisfies the conditions of Rolle’s theorem on [1, 3]. The
3 2
15 21
(a) 1 − (b) 1 + 5 (c) 1 − (d) 1 + 12
6 6
x
−
25. The function f ( x ) = x ( x + 3) e 2
satisfies all the conditions of Rolle’s theorem in [ −3, 0] , then the
value of c is
(a) 0 (b) −1 (c) −2 (c) −3
26. A value of c for which the conclusion of mean value theorem holds for the function f ( x ) = log e x on
1
(a) 2 log 3 e (b) log e 3 (c) log 3 e (c) log e 3
2
2
27. A function f is defined by f ( x ) = 2 + ( x − 1) 3 on [ 0, 2] . Which of the following is not correct
π π π 3π
(a) (b) (c) (d)
6 4 2 4
29. Find the value of ‘ c ’ by Rolles theorem for f ( x ) = sin x − sin 2 x on [ 0, π ]
1 + 33 1 + 35 1 − 38
(a) cos −1 (b) cos −1 (c) cos −1 (d) does not exists
8 8 5
1 1
30. In which one of the following intervals does Rolle’s theorem hold good for y = x 2 sin + x3 cos
x 2x
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1 2 1 1 1 1 1 3
(a) , (b) , (c) 2π , π (d) ,
π π 3π π π π
31. If f ( x ) = x3 + 7 x − 1 then f ( x ) has a zero between x = 0 and x = 1 . The theorem which best
describes this, is
(a) Rolle’s theorem (b) Mean value theorem
(c) Maximum – minimum value theorem (d) Intermediate value theorem
32. Roll’s theorem is true for the function f ( x ) = x 2 − 4 in the interval
1
(a) [ −2, 0] (b) [ −2, 2] (c) 0, (d) [ 0, 2]
2
f (b) − f ( a )
33. If from mean value theorem , f ( x1 ) = , then
b−a
(a) a < x1 ≤ b (b) a ≤ x1 < b (c) a < x1 < b (d) a ≤ x1 ≤ b
34. For the function f ( x ) = e x , a = 0, b = 1, the value of c in mean value theorem will be
(a) log x (b) log ( e − 1) (c) 0 (d) 1
π
35. If f ( x ) = cos x, 0 ≤ x ≤ , then the real number ‘c’ of the mean value theorem is
2
π π 2 2
(a) (b) (c) sin −1 (d) cos −1
6 4 π π
π π
36. Consider the function f ( x ) = e −2 x sin 2 x over the interval 0, . A real number c ∈ 0, ,
2 2
As guaranteed by Roll’s theorem such that f ' ( c ) = 0, is
π π π π
(a) (b) (c) (d)
8 6 4 3
37. If f ( x ) satisfies the conditions of Rolle’s theorem in [1,2] and f ( x ) is continuous in [1, 2] , then
2
∫ f ′ ( x )dx = ..... is equal to
1
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2
(c) f ( x ) = 1 + ( x − 2 ) 3 in 1 ≤ x ≤ 3 (d) f ( x ) = x ( x − 2 ) in 0 ≤ x ≤ 2
2
3
41. If function y = f ( x ) satisfy condition of Rolle’s theorem in [1,3] then the value of ∫ f ′ ( x )dx is equal
1
to
(a) 0 (b) 1 (c) 2 (d) 3
42. The mean value Theorem gurantees the existence of a special point on the graph of y = x between
( 0, 0 ) and ( 4,.2 ) the coordinates of this point are
1 1
(
(a) 3, 3 ) (b) (1,1) (
(c) 2, 2 ) (d) ,
2 2
43. ( )
Let f ( x ) = x x 2 + mx + n + 2, for all x ∈ R and m, n ∈ R. If Rolle’s theorem holds for f ( x ) at x =
4
3
in x ∈ [1, 2] then ( m + n ) equals
(a) 1 (b) 2 (c) 3 (d) 4
44. For which one of the following function Rolle’s theorem is applicable
(a) f ( x ) = 3x 2 − 2, on [ 2,3] (b) f ( x ) = x − 1 , on [ 0, 2]
1 1
(c) f ( x ) = sgn x , on [ −1,1] (d) f ( x ) = x + , on , 3
x 3
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dy dy dy 64
As = 0 Also = 0 And = > 0. Hence y is increasing when x = 0.
dx x = 4 dx x =16 dx x =0 100
2. Ans. (b), f ( x ) = 4 x 3 − 6 x 2 − 72 x + 30 , f ' ( x ) = 12 x 2 − 12 x − 72 = 12 ( x 2 − x − 6 ) = 12 ( x − 3)( x + 2 )
( )
⇒ f ′ ( x ) = 3 x 2 − 4 x + 3 . For decreasing, f ′ ( x ) < 0 ⇒ ( x − 3)( x − 1) < 0 , ∴ x ∈ (1,3)
Also
d 3
dx
( x ) = 3 x 2 ≥ 0 , for all real x ∴ Ans. is (c)
3 ( x 2 − 2 xx − 8 ) ≥ 0 ⇒ ( x − 4 )( x + 2 ) ≥ 0 ∴ x ∈ ( −∞, − 2] ∪ [ 4, ∞ )
9. Ans. (c), For increasing function, f ′ ( x ) ≥ 0 ⇒ 3 x 2 − 20 x + 200 ≥ 0
But D = B 2 − 4 AC = 400 − 2400 = −2000 < 0
∴ 3 x 2 − 20 x + 200 is positive for all x ∴ f ′ ( x ) > 0 ⇒ f ( x ) is increasing for all x ∈ R
10. Ans. (a), f ( x ) = x + cos x and f ′ ( x ) = 1 − sin x ≥ 0 for all value of x
∴ f ( x ) is increasing for all x ∈ R
11. Ans. (c), f ( x ) is monotonically increasing function in interval ( a, b ) then f ′ ( x ) ≥ 0
Here P′ ( x ) = 3kx 2 − 18 x + 9 ≥ 0 ⇒ kx 2 − 6 x + 3 ≥ 0
We know that ax 2 + bx + c ≥ 0 if a > 0 and b 2 ≤ 4ac
Hence required conditions are k > 0 and 36 ≤ 12k ⇒ k > 0 and 3 ≤ k ⇒ k ≥3
th
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1 − log x
12. Ans. (b), f ′ ( x ) = . For the function to be increasing f ′ ( x ) ≥ 0.
x2
Now, x 2 is always positive ( x ≠ 0 ) and 1 − log x ≥ 0
⇒ log x ≤ 1 ⇒ x ≤ e ⇒ if x ∈ ( 0, e] , f ′ ( x ) > 0 i.e., f ( x ) is increasing.
we must have f ′ ( x ) ≤ 0 ⇒ 6 ( x 2 − 3 x + 2 ) ≤ 0 ⇒ ( x − 2 )( x − 1) ≤ 0 ⇒ 1 ≤ x ≤ 2
1 3
18. Ans. (c), Given, f ( x ) = k sin x + sin 3 x ( given ) ⇒ f ′ ( x ) = k cos x + cos 3 x . Put f ′ ( x ) = 0,
3 3
π π 1
For maxima k cos x + cos 3 x = 0; at x = , k cos + cos π = 0 ⇒ k = 1 ⇒ k = 2
3 3 2
19. Ans. (d), Given that, f ( x ) = 1 − x3 − x5 On differentiating wrt x, we get f ′ ( x ) = −3 x 2 − 5 x 4
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So, f ( x ) = e is an increasing function
x
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π π
39. Ans. (c), As f ′ ( x ) = x sec 2 x + tan x > 0 for 0 < x < . Hence, strictly increasing in 0,
2 2
40. ( ) ( )
Ans. (b), f ′ ( x ) = 2 x − 2− x log e 2 = 2 − x 2 2 x − 1 log e 2 > 0 for x > 0
Hence, function is strictly increasing function for x > 0
1 x2
41. Ans. (c), We have, f ( x ) = cot −1 x + x ⇒ f ′ ( x ) = − + 1 =
1 + x2 1 + x2
Clearly, f ′ ( x ) ≥ 0 for all x therefore f ( x ) increases in ( −∞, ∞ )
dy
Ans. (c), We have, y = x3 ( x − 2 ) ⇒ = 3 x 2 ( x − 2 ) + 2 x3 ( x − 2 ) = x 2 ( x − 2 )( 5 x − 6 )
2 2
42.
dx
dy 6 6
> 0 if ( x − 2 )( 5 x − 6 ) ≥ 0 i.e. x ≤ or x ≥ 2 ∴ f ( x ) is increasing for x ≤ or x ≥ 2
dx 5 5
43. Ans. (c), We have, f ( x ) = −2 x3 + 21x 2 − 60 x + 41 ⇒ f ′ ( x ) = −6 x 2 + 42 x − 60 = −6 ( x − 5 )( x − 2 )
Clearly, f ′ ( x ) ≤ 0 ⇒ for x ∈ ( −∞, 1] ⇒ f ( x ) is decreasing for x ∈ ( −∞,1] . Hence, f ( x ) > f (1) as
x < 1 Since f (1) = 0 ∴ f ( x ) ≥ 0 for x ∈ ( −∞, 1]
44. Ans. (d), We have, f ( x ) = ( x + 2 ) e − x ⇒ f ′ ( x ) = − ( x + 2 ) e − x + e− x = −e − x (1 + x )
f ( x ) is increasing if f ′ ( x ) > 0 ⇒ − e− x (1 + x ) > 0 ⇒ 1 + x < 0 i.e., x < −1
Also, f ( x ) is decreasing if f ′ ( x ) ≤ 0 ⇒ − e − x (1 + x ) ≤ 0 ⇒ 1 + x ≥ 0 ⇒ x ≥ −1
Hence, f ( x ) decreases in [ −1, ∞ ) and increases in ( −∞, − 1]
45. Ans. (a), We have, f ( x ) = 2 log x − 1 − x 2 + 2 x + 3
+ ve − ve + ve − ve
2 1 − ( x − 1)2
⇒ f ( x) =
′ − 2x + 2 = 2 . Note that derivative of −∞
x −1 x − 1 0 1 2 ∞
1 −2 x ( x − 2 ) −2 x ( x − 1)( x − 2 ) −2 x ( x − 1)( x − 2 )
log x is = = Sign scheme for
x −1 ( x − 1) ( x − 1)
2 2
x
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1
49. Ans. (b), Given curve is f ( x ) = − log (1 + x ) On differentiating w.r.t. x, we get
x +1
1 1 1 1
f ′( x) = − − ⇒ f ′( x) = − + 2
⇒ f ′ ( x ) = −ve, when x > 0
( x + 1) 1+ x x + 1 ( x + 1)
2
= x 2 ( −e − x ) + e− x ⋅ 2 x = e− x ( 2 x − x 2 ) = xe− x ( 2 − x )
dy
53. Ans. (d),
dx
f is increasing ⇒ f ' ( x ) ≥ 0 ⇒ x ( 2 − x ) ≥ 0 ⇒ x ( x − 2 ) ≤ 0 ⇒ 0 ≤ x ≤ 2 ∴ y is increasing in [ 0, 2]
54. Ans. (b), y is increasing function ⇒ 3ax 2 + 6 x + ( 2a + 1) ≥ 0 ∀ x ⇒ 36 − 4.3a ( 2a + 1) ≤ 0 and a > 0
⇒ 3 − 2a 2 − a ≤ 0 and a ≥ 0 ⇒ ( 2a + 3)( a − 1) ≥ 0 and a > 0
⇒ ( a ≥ 1 or a ≤ −3 / 2 ) and a > 0 ⇒ a ≥1
2x
55. Ans. (a), Given f ( x ) = log (1 + x ) − ; Note that x > −1 (∵ log is defined for + ve values)
x+2
1 4 x 2 + 4 x + 4 − 4 (1 + x ) x2
And f ′ ( x ) = − ≥0⇒ ≥0 ⇒ ≥0 ⇒ x ∈ ( −1, ∞ )
1 + x ( x + 2 )2 ( x + 2 ) ( x + 1)
2
( x + 2 ) ( x + 1)
2
∴ f ′ ( x ) ≥ 0 ⇒ 6 ( x − 2 )( x + 1) ≥ 0 ⇒ x ≥ 2 or x ≤ −1
(d) f ( x ) = x3 − 3x 2 + 3x + 3 ; f ′ ( x ) = 3 x 2 − 6 x + 3 = 3 ( x − 1) ≥ 0
2
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=
x2 + 4
=
(x 2
+ 4) x
≥ 0, Because x > 0 [Else log x will be undefined]
x (2 + x) x2 ( x + 2)
2 2
∴ f ( x ) is increasing for x ≥ 0
59. Ans. (d), ∵ f ( x ) = sin x − cos x on differentiating w.r.t. x, we get f ′ ( x ) = cos x + sin x
3π 7π
Now, putting f ′ ( x ) = 0 . We get sin x + cos x = 0 ⇒ tan x = −1 ⇒ x = , .
4 4
3π 7π
Hence, sin x + cos x will change sign at , only. Hence, (a), (b),(c) are wrong choice.
4 4
60. Ans. (c), Given that, f ( x ) = ∫ e x ( x − 1)( x − 2 ) dx
{1 + x (1 − 2 x )} = e x(1− x ) ⋅ ( −2 x 2 + x + 1)
x (1− x ) x(1− x )
=e It is clear that e > 0 for all x
1 1
Hence, f ′ ( x ) ≥ 0 ⇒ −2 x 2 + x + 1 ≥ 0 ⇒ 2 x 2 − x − 1 ≤ 0 if x ∈ − , 1 so, f ( x ) is increasing on − 2 , 1
2
62. Ans. (d), We have, f ( x ) = 4 x 4 − 2 x + 1 ⇒ f ′ ( x ) = 16 x3 − 2
1 1
For f ( x ) to be increasing f ′ ( x ) ≥ 0 ⇒ 16 x 3 − 2 ≥ 0 ⇒ x 3 ≥ ⇒x≥ .
8 2
63. Ans. (a), Given, f ( x ) = ax + b ⇒ f ′ ( x ) = a . For strictly increasing, f ′ ( x ) > 0 ⇒ a > 0
2 2
Now function will be increasing if f ′ ( x ) ≥ 0 = 3 ( x − 2 ) x − ≥ 0 ⇒ x ≥ 2 or x ≤ .
3 3
(
= −e x(1− x ) 2 x 2 − x − 1 . For function to be increasing −e x(1− x ) 2 x 2 − x − 1 ≥ 0 )
−1
⇒ 2x2 − x −1 ≤ 0 ⇒ ≤ x ≤ 1 and decreasing for other values of x .
2
66. Ans. (a), f ( x ) = 1 < x − cos x ⇒ f ′ ( x ) = k + sin x . Now f ( x ) is monotonically increasing
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dy π
For checking (c) choice, let y = tan x ⇒ = sec 2 x which is clearly + ve for x ∈ 0, .
dx 2
dy π
For checking (d) choice, let y = cos 2 x ⇒ = −2 sin 2 x . Now, x ∈ 0, ⇒ 2 x ∈ ( 0, π )
dx 2
Hence, sin 2x is + ve for 2 x ∈ ( 0, π ) ⇒ −2sin 2 x is −ve for 2 x ∈ ( 0, π ) .
∴ we cannot say surely that the sign of f ′ ( x ) . Hence, (a) and (b) are wrong choices.
f ( x) f ( x)
Now let h ( x ) = f ( x ) ⇒ h′ ( x ) = × f ′( x) = ⋅ f ( x) ⋅ f ′( x)
f ( x) ( f ( x ))
2
69. Ans. (a), Given, f ( x ) = x − cot x ⇒ f ′ ( x ) = 1 + cos ec 2 x which is clearly + ve for all x in domain.
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−π π
When < x < ,1 < sec x < 2
3 3
(
Therefore , 1 < sec 2 x < 4 ⇒ − 3 < sec 2 x − 4 < 0 )
−π π −π π
Thus , for < x < , f '( x) < 0 Hence , f is strictly decreasing on ,
3 3 3 3
e2 x − 1
76. Ans. (a) ∵ f ( x ) = 2 x
e +1
∴ f (−x) =
e−2 x − 1 1 − e2 x
= ⇒ f (−x) =
(
− e2 x − 1 ) = − f ( x) ∴ f ( x ) is an odd function .
e −2 x + 1 1 + e2 x e +12x
e2 x − 1
Again , f ( x ) =
e2 x + 1
e2 x
f ( x) = > 0, ∀x ∈ R ⇒ f ( x ) is an increasing function
(1 + e )
2x 2
1
77. Ans. (b) Since f ( x ) = tan −1 ( sin x + cos x ) ∴ f ′( x) = ( cos x − sin x )
1 + ( sin x + cos x )
2
cos x − sin x
Now f ′ ( x ) = = 0 ⇒ tan x = 1
1 + ( sin x + cos x )
2
π
⇒ f ′ ( x ) may change sign at those points only where tan x = 1 ⇒
4
(Note that according to options we have to use only I quadrant or IV th quadrant)
st
π π π π
Clearly cos x > sin x in − , Hence , f ( x ) is increasing when x ∈ − , .
2 4 2 4
78. Ans. (c) The given function is f ( x ) = sin x
On differentiating w. r. t. x, we get f ' ( x ) = cos x
π
(a) Since for each x ∈ 0, , cos x > 0, we have f ' ( x ) > 0 (∵cos x in Ist quadrant is positive )
2
π
Hence , f is strictly increasing in 0,
2
π
(b) Since , for each x ∈ , π , cos x < 0, we have f ' ( x ) < 0 (∵cos x in IInd quadrant is negative)
2
π
Hence , f is strictly decreasing in , π
2
π π
(c) when x ∈ ( 0, π ) . we see that f ' ( x ) > 0 in 0, and f ' ( x ) < 0 in , π .
2 2
So f ' ( x ) is positive and negative in ( 0, π ) .
Thus f ( x ) is neither increasing nor decreasing in ( 0, π ) .
1
79. Ans. (c) 1.Let f ( x ) = log x ⇒ f ' ( x ) =
x
When x ∈ ( 0, ∞ ) , f ' ( x ) > 0. therefore , f ( x ) is strictly increasing in ( 0, ∞ )
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II Given , f ' ( x ) = x 2 − x + 1 ⇒ f ' ( x ) = 2 x − 1
On putting f ' ( x ) = 0, we get x = 1/ 2
1
x= divides the given interval into two
2
1 1
Intervals as −1, and ,1
2 2
3 3
Hence , f is strictly increasing for x < − and strictly decreasing for x > −
2 2
C. Given , f ( x ) = −2 x3 − 9 x 2 − 12 x + 1, ⇒ f ( x ) = −2.3x 2 − 9.2 x − 12 = −6 x 2 − 18 x − 12
On putting f ' ( x ) = 0, we get −6 x 2 − 18 x − 12 = 0 ⇒ − 6 ( x + 2 )( x + 1) = 0 ⇒ x = −2, −1
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Which divides real line into three intervals ( −∞, −2 ) , ( −2, −1) , and ( −1, ∞ ) .
Therefore , f ( x ) is strictly increasing in −2 < x < −1 and strictly decreasing for x < −2 and x > −1
D. Given f ( x ) = 6 − 9 x − x 2 ⇒ f ' ( x ) = −9 − 2 x On putting f ' ( x ) = 0, we get −9 − 2 x = 0
9 −9 9
⇒x =− which divides the real line in two Disjoint intervals −∞, and − , ∞
2 2 2
9 −9
Therefore , f ( x ) is strictly increasing when x < − and strictly decreasing when x >
2 2
E. Given , f ( x ) = ( x + 1) ( x − 3)
2 3
f ' ( x ) = ( x + 1) . ( x − 3) .1 + ( x − 3) .3 ( x + 1) .1
3 3 3 2
On differentiating we get
= 3 ( x − 3) ( x + 1)
2 2
{( x + 1) + ( x − 3)} = 3 ( x − 3 ) ( x + 1) ( 2 x − 2 ) = 6 ( x − 3) ( x + 1) ( x − 1)
2 2 2 2
On putting f ' ( x ) = 0, we get x = 1,1, 3 which divcides real line into fore disjoint intervals namely
( −∞, −1) , ( −1,1) , (1,3) and ( 3, ∞ ) .
Therefore , f ( x ) is strictly increasing in (1,3) , ( 3, ∞ ) and strictly decreasing in ( −∞, −1) and ( −1,1) .
81. Ans. (d), (a) Let f ( x ) = cos x, then f ' ( x ) = − sin x.
π
In the interval 0, , f ′ ( x ) < 0
2
π
Therefore , f ( x ) is strictly decreasing on 0,
2
(b) Let g ( x ) = cos 2 x ⇒ g ' ( x ) = −2sin 2 x
π
In interval x ∈ 0, we get 2 x ∈ ( 0, π ) then , g ′ ( x ) < 0
2
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π
Therefore , g ( x ) is strictly decreasing on 0,
2
(c) Here h ( x ) = cos 3x ⇒ h′ ( 3x ) = −3sin 3x
π 3π
Now x ∈ 0, ⇒ 3 x ∈ 0,
2 2
Hence −3sin 3 x can be both positive and negative
π
⇒ h ( x ) is neither increasing nor decreasing in 0,
2
(d) Let ℓ ( x ) = tan x ⇒ ℓ ' ( x ) = sec2 x.
π
In Interval x ∈ 0, , we have ℓ ' ( x ) > 0
2
π
Therefore , ℓ ( x ) strictly increasing on 0,
2
82. Ans. (b) ∵ f ( x ) = 2 x3 + 9 x 2 + 12 x − 1
∴ f ' ( x ) = 6 x 2 + 18 x + 12 = 6 ( x 2 + 3 x + 2 )
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⇒ g { f ( x1 )} < g { f ( x2 )} {∵ g is a decreasing function}
⇒ g of ( x1 ) < gof ( x2 ) for x1 < x2
87. Ans. (b) Let x1 , x2 ∈ ℝ such that x1 < x2 in the domain of f then x1 < x2
Since f is an increasing function
⇒ f ( x1 ) < f ( x2 )
Also g { f ( x1 )} > g { f ( x2 )} (∵ g is a decreasing function )
⇒ gof ( x1 ) > gof ( x2 ) for x1 < x2
Hence fog is a decreasing function
88. Ans. (a) Let x1 , x2 ∈ ℝ in the domain of f such that x1 < x2
x1 < x2 ⇒ f ( x1 ) < f ( x2 ) Since f is an increasing function
⇒ g { f ( x1 )} > g { f ( x2 )} {∵ g is an increasing function}
⇒ gof ( x1 ) > gof ( x2 ) for x1 < x2
Hence , gof is an increasing function
89. Ans. (c), ∵ If the function is strictly monotonic and the n it will be come are-are and an to
Hence invertible
Ans. (a) y = x ( x − 3 )
2
90.
dy dy dy
= x.2 ( x − 3) + 1( x − 3) ⇒ = ( x − 3)( 2 x + x − 3) ⇒ = 3 ( x − 3)( x − 1)
2
∴
dx dx dx
+ ve
+ ve
−ve
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Now , f ' ( x ) = − ( x + 1) + 4 − x = 3 − 2 x
3
Hence f ' ( x ) > 0 if x ∈ −1, 2
and f ' ( x ) < 0 if x ∈ 3 , 4
2
3 3
∴ f ( x ) is increasing in −1 ≤ x ≤ and decreasing in ≤ x ≤ 4
2 2
3
and is the maximum value
2
The minimum value is the least among { f ( −1) , f ( 4 )}
94. Ans. (c) Consider the function φ ( x ) = f ( x ) − g ( x ) on the interval ( x0 , x ) . clearly φ ( x ) satisfies
conditions of lagrange’s theorem on ( x0 .x ) .
Therefore there exists c ∈ ( x0 , x ) such that φ ( x ) − φ ( x0 ) = φ ( c )( x − x0 )
⇒ φ ( x ) = φ ( c )( x − x0 )
Now φ ( x ) = f ( x ) − g ( x )
⇒ φ '( x) = f '( x) − g ( x) ⇒ φ '(c) = f '(c) − g '(c) > 0 {∵ f ' ( x ) for x > x } 0
From (1), φ ( x ) > 0 for all x > x0 {∵ φ ' ( c ) > 0 and x − x > 0}
0
1
∴ x ∈ ,1
2
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97. Ans. (c) f ( x ) = 2 x3 + 9 x 2 + 12 x + 20
−2 −1
∴ f ' ( x ) = 6 x 2 + 18 x + 12
( −∞, − 2 ) ∪ ( −1, ∞ )
For increasing function f ' ( x ) ≥ 0
∴ x 2 + 3x + 2 ≥ 0
∴ ( x + 2 )( x + 1) ≥ 0 ∴ option (c) is the correct answer.
98. Ans. (a) f ' ( x ) = 6 x 2 − 6 x − 12 > 0 ⇒ x 2 − x − 2 > 0
⇒ ( x − 2 )( x + 1) ≥ 0 ⇒ ( −∞, −1] ∪ [ 2, ∞ )
− 2
−1
99. Ans. (b) f ( x ) = x3 − 6 x2 + 9 x + 3
⇒ f ' ( x ) = 3x 2 − 12 x + 9 ⇒ f ' ( x ) = 3 ( x 2 − 4 x + 3) for decreasing f ' ( x ) ≤ 0
⇒ ( x − 3)( x − 1) ≤ 0 ∴ x ∈ [1,3]
+ +
1 3
(
102. Ans. (d), f ′ ( x ) = 16 x3 − 2 = 2 ( 2 x − 1) 4 x 2 + 2 x + 1 ≥ 0 )
1
⇒ x≥ (Note that 4 x 2 + 2 x + 1 is +ve for all x ∵ D < 0 )
2
− log e 5
104. Ans. (a) f ( x ) = 5− x ⇒ f ' ( x ) = −5− x log 5 =
5x
⇒ f ' ( x ) < 0 for all x i.e., f ( x ) is decreasing for all x .
1 dy 2x 2x
105. Ans. (d) y= ⇒ =− To be decreasing , ≤0
1+ x ( ) ( )
2 2 2
dx 1 + x2 1+ x2
⇒ x ≥ 0 ⇒ x ∈ [ 0, ∞ )
π
106. Ans. (a) Let f ( x ) = log sin x ⇒ f ' ( x ) = cot x > 0 for x ∈ 0,
2
π
Hence function is increasing in the interval 0, .
2
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f (b ) − f ( a ) ( 3 / 8) − 0 = 3
By definition of mean value theorem, f ′ ( c ) = ⇒ 3c 2 − 6c + 2 =
b−a (1 / 2 ) − 0 4
5 6 ± 36 − 15 6 ± 21 21
⇒ 3c 2 − 6c + = 0 this is a quadratic equation in c ⇒ c = = = 1±
4 2×3 6 6
21 21
But as , ' c ' has between [ 0, 1/ 2] ∴ c = 1− neglecting c = 1 +
6 6
7. Ans. (c), The given function is f ( x ) = x 2 − 6 x + 8 and internal [ 2, 4] .
Hence, f ( x ) is continuous in [ 2, 4]
As well as differentiable in ] 2, 4 [. Since f ( x ) is a polynomial function, so that every polynomial is
continuous as well as differentiable in its domain
Now, f ( 2 ) = ( 2 ) − 6 ( 2 ) + 8 = 4 − 12 + 8 = 0 ⇒ f ( 4 ) = ( 4 ) − 6 ( 4 ) + 8 = 16 − 24 + 8 = 0
2 2
∴ f ( 2 ) = f ( 4 ) So, there exist at least one number c in the interval ( 2, 4 ) such that f ′ ( c ) = c
⇒ 2c − 6 = 0 ⇒ c = 3 Which lies in the interval ( 2, 4 )
f (b ) − f ( a ) eb − e a e −1 c
8. Ans. (b), Here, = f ′(c) ⇒ = f ′(c) ⇒ =e ⇒ c = log e ( e − 1)
b−a b−a 1− 0
f ( 3) − f (1) log e 3 − 0
9. Ans. (c), Using mean value theorem we have, f ′ ( c ) = =
3 −1 2
1 log e 3 2
= or c = = 2 log 3 e
c 2 log e 3
2 ∵ f ( 2 ) = f (1) , f ( x )
f ′ ( x ) dx = f ( x ) 1 = f ( 2 ) − f (1) = 0 .
2
10. Ans. (b), ∫
1
satisfies the conditions of Rolle's theorem
1 3
11. Ans. (c), Here, a = 0 ⇒ f ( a ) = 0 and b = ⇒ f (b ) =
2 8
Also f ′ ( x ) = ( x − 1)( x − 2 ) + x ( x − 2 ) + x ( x − 1) ⇒ f ′ ( c ) = ( c − 1)( c − 2 ) + c ( c − 2 ) + c ( c − 1)
∴ f ′ ( c ) = c 2 − 3c + 2 + c 2 − 2c + c 2 − c ⇒ f ′ ( c ) = 3c 2 − 6c + 2
f (b ) − f ( a ) ( 3 / 8) − 0 = 3 ⇒ 3c 2 − 6c + 5 = 0
By mean value theorem, f ′ ( c ) = ⇒ 3c 2 − 6c + 2 =
b−a (1/ 2 ) − 0 4 4
6 ± 36 − 15 6 ± 21
But c ∈ 0, ⇒ c = 1 −
21 1 21
c= = = 1±
2×3 6 6 2 6
12. Ans. (c), We know that If a function f ( x ) satisfies mean value theorem in [ a, b] , then their exist a
f (b ) − f ( a )
variable c for which f ′ ( c ) = As f ( x ) = cos x ,
b−a
π
f − f ( 0)
0 −1
Hence − sin c = 2 ∵ c = sin −1
2 2
− sin c = ⇒ sin c = <1
π π π π
−0
2 2
1 −1 1
13. Ans. (a), Given f ( x ) = ⇒ f ′ ( x ) = 2 and Hence f ( b ) − f ( a ) = ( b − a ) − 2
x x x1
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1 1 −1
− = ( b − a ) 2 ⇒ x12 = ab ⇒ x1 = ab . (Rejecting − ab ∵ x1 lies in ( a, b ) )
b a x1
14. Ans. (b), Clearly, f ( x ) satisfies the condition of Rolle’s theorem on [ −3, 0] .
⇒ there exist a number d ∈ ( −3, 0 ) . Such that f ′ ( d ) = 0 ∴ (b) is correct.
15. Ans. (c), By Lagrange’s mean value theorem the value of x1 will lie in ( a, b ) ⇒ a < x1 < b
1 1
16. Ans. (a), f ( x ) = ⇒ f ′ ( x ) = − 2 . ∴ f ( b ) − f ( a ) = ( b − a ) f ′ ( x1 )
x x
1 1 1
⇒ − = ( b − a ) − 2 , a < x1 < b ⇒ x12 = ab ⇒ x1 = ab
b a x1
1
18. Ans. (c), ∴ given f ( x ) = log e x. ∴ f ′ ( x ) = . Hence, by Lagrange’s theorem
x
1 f ( 3) − f (1) 1 log e 3 − log e 1 log e 3 2
= ⇒ = = ⇒c= ⇒ c = 2 log 3 e
c 3 −1 c 2 2 log e 3
Ans. (b) Here ,As Rolle’s theorem is satisfied Hence f (1) = f ( 2 ) and f ' = 0
4
19.
3
⇒ 1 + b + c = 8 + 4b + 2c ⇒ −7 = 3b + c...(i )
2
4 4 16 8b 3c
and 3 + 2b + c = 0 ⇒ + + = 0 ⇒ 8b + 3c = −6 ......(ii )
3 3 3 3 3
Solving (i) and (ii) , we get b = −5 and c = 8.
20. Ans. (a), The conditions of Rolle’s theorem are clearly satisfied f ′ ( x ) = 3x 2 − 3 = 0 ⇒ x 2 = 1
⇒ x = ±1 , But x = 1 ∈ 0, 3
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Hence mean value theorem is applicable.
π 5π
∴ There exists a real number c in , such that
6 6
5π π 5π π
f − f log sin − log sin
f '( c ) =
6 6 6 6
⇒ cot c =
5π π 2
− π
6 6 3
1 1
log − log π
2 2 =0 π 5π
⇒ cot c = ⇒c= ∈ ,
2π 2 6 6
3
f (b) − f ( a )
24. Ans. (c), From mean value theorem f ' ( c ) =
b−a
1 3
a=0 ⇒ f (1) = 0 and b = ⇒ f (b ) =
2 8
f ( x ) = ( x − 1)( x − 2 ) + x ( x − 2 ) + x ( x − 1) : f ( 3) = ( c − 1)( c − 2 ) + c ( c − 2 ) + c ( c − 1)
= c 2 − 3c + 2 + c 2 − 2c + c 2 − c.
f ( 3) = 3c 2 − 6c + 2
f (b ) − f ( a )
By mean value theorem f ' ( c ) =
b−a
3
−0
3 5 6 ± 36 − 15 6 ± 21 21
3c 2 − 6c + 2 = 8 = ; 3c 2 − 6c + = 0 ⇒ c = = = 1±
1
−0 4 4 2×3 6 6
2
1 21
∵ c ∈ 0, ∴ c = 1−
2 6
x
−
25. Ans. (c), f ( x ) = x ( x + 3) e 2
x x
− 1
f ' ( x ) = ( x 2 + 3 x ) e 2 − + ( 2 x + 3) e 2
−
2
x
1 2 1 − 2x 2
= e − ( x + 3 x ) + 2 x + 3 = − e { x − x − 6}
−
2
2 2
1 −c
Since f ( x ) satisfies the Roll’s theorem f ( 3) = 0 ⇒ − e 2 {c 2 − c − 6} = 0
2
c2 − c − 6 = 0 ⇒ c = 3, − 2
c = 3 ∉ [ −3, 0] ∴ c = −2
f ( 3) − f (1)
26. Ans. (a), Using mean value theorem f ' ( c ) =
3 −1
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1 log e 3 − log e 1 2
= ⇒ c= = 2 log 3 e
c 2 log e 3
27. Ans. (d), We know that Rolle’s theorem satisfies the following conditions
(i) It is continuous in the closed interval (ii) It is differentiable in the open interval
(iii) f (1) = f ( 2 )
2
Given that f ( x ) = 2 + ( x − 1) 3
1
2
f '( x) = ( x − 1) 3 Since f ' ( x ) does not exist at x = 1
−
3
Condition of differentiability is not satisfied.
By using Rolle’s theorem the given function is not differentiable at ( 0, 2 ) which cannot satisfy Rolle’s
theorem.
28. Ans. (d), f ' ( x ) = e x cos x + sin x ⋅ e x
3π
∵ e x ≠ 0sin c + cos c = 0 ⇒ tan c = −1 ⇒c= ∈ ( 0, π )
4
29. Ans. (a) f ( x ) is continuous & differentiable in [ 0, π ] . f ( 0 ) = f ( π ) . f 1 ( c ) = 0
1 ± 1 + 32 1 ± 33
⇒ cos c = ⇒ cos c =
8 8
1 + 33
−1 1 − 33
⇒ c = cos −1 ∵cos given is choices
8 8
1 1 1 2
30. Ans. (b) y = x 2 sin + x3 cos . We will check f ( a ) = f ( b ) for each option. Option A, , .
x 2x π π
1 2 4 2 + 4π 1 2
f = 0 and f = ⇒ Rolle’s theorem does not holds for π , π .
π π π3
1 1 1 1 1 1
Option B, , f = 0 and f = 0 . Hence, Rolle’s theorem holds for , . It does
3π π 3π π 3π π
not holds for other options. Hence, option B is correct.
31. Ans. (d) Given, f ( x ) = x3 + 7 x − 1 . At, x = 0, f ( x ) = 0 + 7 *0 − 1 = −1 < 0 . At x = 1 ,
f ( x ) = 1 + 7 − 1 = 7 > 0 . It implies there exists a zero between x = 0 and x = 1 . This is best described
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33. Ans. (c) According to mean value theorem , in interval [a, b] for f ( x ) ,
f (b ) − f ( a )
= f (c), where a < c < b ∴ a < x1 < b
b−a
f (b ) − f ( a ) eb − e a e −1 c
34. Ans. (b) Here , = f '(c) ⇒ = f '(c ) ⇒ = e ⇒ c = log ( e − 1)
b−a b−a 1− 0
f (b) − f ( a )
35. Ans. (c) We know that f ' ( c ) =
b−a
0 −1 2
⇒ f '(c) = =− …. (i)
π /2 π
But f ' ( x ) = − sin x ⇒ f ' ( c ) = − sin c ….. (ii)
2 2
From (i)and (ii) .we get − sin c = − ⇒ c = sin −1
π π
36. Ans. (a) f ( x ) = e −2 x sin 2 x ⇒ f ' ( x ) = 2e −2 x ( cos 2 x − sin 2 x )
π
Now , f ' ( c ) = 0 ⇒ cos 2c − sin 2c = 0 ⇒ tan 2c = 1 ⇒ c =
8
37. Ans. (b) Since , f ( x ) satisfies the conditions of Rolle’s theorem
2
∴ f ( 2 ) = f (1) ∫ f ' ( x ) dx = f ( x ) = f ( 2 ) − f (1) = 0
2
Now 1
1
π 3π π 3π
38. Ans. (a) Here , f = e0 = 1 and f = e0 = 1 ∴ f = f
2 2 2 2
∴ Third condition of Rolle’s theorem is satisfied by option (A) only.
Ans. (b) f ( x ) = x ( x − 1)
2
39.
The function is clearly continuous and differentiable for x ∈ [ 0, 2]
Thus mean value theorem is applicable .
f ( 2) − f (0) 2−0
Then, f ' ( x ) = ⇒ 3x2 − 4 x + 1 = =1
2−0 2−0
⇒ 3 x 2 − 4 x = 0 ⇒ x ( 3x − 4 ) = 0 ⇒ x = 0, x = 4 / 3
40. Ans. (d) (A) f ( x ) = x is not differentiable at x = 0.
π
(B) f ( x ) = tan x is discontinuous at x = .
2
2
2
f ( x ) = 1 + ( x − 2 ) 3 is not differentiable at x = 2. ∵ f ′ ( x ) = ( x − 2 )
−1/ 3
(C) does not exist at x = 2
3
f ( x ) = x ( x − 2 ) is a polynomial function
2
(D)
∴ continuars and differentiable ∀x ∈ R Hence Rolle’s theorem is applicable.
3
41. Ans. (a), ∫ f ′ ( x )dx = f ( x ) 13 = f ( 3) − f (1) = 0
1
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42. Ans. (b),
1 2
By the mean value theorem we have = ⇒ c =1
2 c 4
y
y= x
( 4, 2 )
( 0, 0 ) x
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