Signals and Systems - CMP 271

Homework 7

Homework is due at 11:59 pm on Sunday 17th January 2021

You MUST follow the submission guidelines for submitting your homework otherwise
your homework will NOT be graded

Problem 1  π
Consider the periodic signal x(t) = 5sin 2000πt − .
2
(a) Make a sketch of x(t) and identify the time period T on the sketch by stating its
value.
(b) Find an expression for the Fourier series coefficients i.e. ak for x(t).
(c) Plot the spectrum of x(t). (Plot T |ak | and ∠ak as functions of k where k is discrete).
(d) Use the result from part(b) to compute the CTFT of x(t) i.e. X(jω)
(e) Make an alternative plot for the spectrum of x(t). (Plot the magnitude and angle of
X(jω) as functions of ω.

Problem 2
Prove that the set of complex exponentials ejkω0 for −∞ < k < ∞ where k is an
integer is an orthonormal
Z set under the following rule for the dot product.
·
x(t) y(t) =
1
T T
x(t)y ∗ (t)dt, where T =
2π
ω0
Problem 3
Consider the square wave x(t) that we discussed in the class lectures. This signal x(t)
has a period of T and is such that
 T
−1, − <t<0

2

x(t) =

 T
 1, 0<t<−
2
(a) Find an expression for the Fourier transform i.e. X(jω) of x(t), where x(t) is one
cycle of x(t)andis given
by  
T T
x(t) = x(t) u t + −u t−
2 2
(b) Use the result in part(a) to find out an expression for the Fourier series coefficients
ak of x(t).
(c) Use the result in part(a) to find out an expression for the Fourier transform X(jω)
of x(t).
(d) Use the result in part(b) to find out an expression for the Fourier transform X(jω)
of x(t). Does this match the result in part(c)?
2

Problem 4
Use the duality property of the Fourier transform to show that
1
F {x(t)} = X(jω) ⇒ F −1 {x(−ω)} = X(jt)
2π
Problem 5
Consider the triangular wave x(t) that we discussed in the class lectures. One cycle of
this signal is x(t) and is such that the signal decreases linearly from T4 to − T4 as t varies
from − T2 to 0 and increases linearly from − T4 to T4 as t varies from 0 to T2 .
(a) Sketch the graph for x(t) and also write down a mathematical expression for x(t).
(b) Find the Fourier transform X(jω) of x(t).
(c) Plot the spectrum of x(t) for −5.5ω0 < ω < 5.5ω0 where ω0 = 2π T . (Plot the
magnitude and angle of X(jω).
(d) Use the spectrum in part(c) to make an approximation of x(t) using sinusoids uptil
the 5th harmonic.
(e) Use the expression for X(jω) in part(b) to find out an expression for the Fourier
series coefficients ak of x(t).
(f) Write down x(t) as a Fourier series. (Use the synthesis equation for the CTFS).
(g) Use the CTFS in part(f) to find the Fourier transform X(jω) of x(t).
(h) Use the result in part(g) to plot the spectrum of x(t) for −5.5ω0 < ω < 5.5ω0
where ω0 = 2π T . How can these plots be obtained from the spectrum of x(t) in part(c)?

Problem 6
The step response of a system is the output of the system when the input is u(t).
Consider an LTI system with an impulse response h(t) given by
h(t) = e−2t u(t)
(a) Find the step response of the system using the Laplace transform approach.
(b) Find the step response of the system using the Fourier transform approach.

Problem 7
The rectangular function rect(t) is such that

1, − 1 < t < 1
rect(t) =
0, otherwise

(a) Make a sketch of rect(t) and find a mathematical expression for rect(t) using unit
step functions. Do the same for rect(t/a).
(b) Find out the Fourier transform RECT (jω) for the signal rect(t). Use the time
scaling property of the Fourier transform to find out the Fourier transform RECTa (jω)
for the signal rect(t/a).
(c) Find out the
n timesignal xa (t) such that
ω o
xa (t) = F −1 rect
a
using the inverse
Z ∞ Fourier transform formula
1 ω
xa (t) = rect ejωt dω
2π −∞ a
(d) Find out the time signal xa (t) in part(c) using the result from Problem 4.