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a. Introduction: 150 words or fewer
b. Procedure: 50 words or fewer
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Group Number:
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REPORT 1
I/ PLANT CELLS AND ANIMAL CELLS OBSERVATION
1/- Introduction:

2/- Procedure:

3/- Results: Identify cellular membrane, nucleus and cytoplasm.

Observe at __x objective

Sample name:

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Sample name: Observe at __x objective

4/- Discussion:
a) What is the function of Lugol solution in these experiments?

b) What is the difference between plant cells and animal cells?

II/ OSMOSIS IN PLANT CELLS

1/- Introduction:
- Osmosis is the spontaneous net movement of solvent molecules through a
selectively permeable membrane into a region of higher solute concentration, in the
direction that tends to equalize the solute concentrations on the two sides.
- In this experiment, we can compare the differences between hypertonic solution,
hypotonic solution and isotonic solution:
+ A hypertonic solution is a particular type of solution that has a greater concentration
of solutes on the outside of a cell when compared with the inside of a cell.
+ Hypotonic solution has water potential outside the cell greater than inside the cell.
+ Isotonic solution allows for the free movement of water across the membrane
without changing the concentration of solutes on either side.
- Demontrate and observe the osmosis and osmotic pressure using epidemic plant
cells are the purpose of this experiment.
- The sample for this experiment is Zebrina pendula leaf.

2/- Procedure:

 Sample 1:
- Step 1: Use a scalpel to peel a thin epidermis layer (purple side) of the Zebrina
pendula leaf.
- Step 2: Place the peeled layer on the slide.
- Step 3: Put 2-3 drops of distilled on the glass slide. Add a coverslip.

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 - Step 4: Examine the plant cells with the microscope.
 Sample 2:
- Step 1: Use a scalpel to peel a thin epidermis layer (purple side) of the Zebrina
pendula leaf.
- Step 2: Place the peeled layer on the slide.
- Step 3: Put a small drop of 0.85% NaCl on the glass slide. Add a coverslip.
- Step 4: Examine the plant cells with the microscope.
 Sample 3:
- Step 1: Use a scalpel to peel a thin epidermis layer (purple side) of the Zebrina
pendula leaf.
- Step 2: Place the peeled layer on the slide.
- Step 3: Put a small drop of 5% NaCl on the glass slide. Add a coverslip.
- Step 4: Examine the plant cells with the microscope.

3/- Results: Describe the purple area (size and level of color)

0.85% NaCl -----------------------------------> 5% NaCl

0.85% NaCl -----------------------------------> Water

4/- Discussion:
a) Explain the phenomenon.

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b) When putting plant cells in concentrated NaCl, plasmolysis happened. When putting
animal cells in water, hemolysis occurred. What makes the phenomenon in plant
cells different from in animal cells?

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