Semantics & Vocabulary

Classwork
10%
Lexical, Grammatical, Sentence and Utterance
Daniela Roa, Andrés Cristancho, Juan Peñaloza and Ximena Martínez

Part 1: Sentence and Utterance

In your own words, answer the following questions. This section is worth 20 marks.

1. What is utterance? Give an example

As opposed to a sentence, an utterance is what is only said, whether it is a word or a phrase.

Utterance has pauses and silent moments.

Example: My dog!- Yeah!

2. What is Sentence? Give an example

A sentence is an abstract string of words that has a subject plus verb and has a well

organized grammatical structure which gives a totally clear information if it’s written has to

be in italics.

Example: I ride my bike to work everyday

Part 2: Lexical and Grammatical

1. Look for five business words, write inscriptions of sentences with the possible
meanings, and analyse the grammatical meaning and the lexical meaning. This section
is worth 30 marks.

● Capital (city)

Anthony is in the capital of Colombia, Bogotá.

Third person singular, noun, present.

● Capital (money)

The bank lent him the capital to expand the company.

Third person singular, noun, past.

● Capital (letters)
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He wrote his name in capital letters.

Third person singular, noun, past

Derivative:Capitalize:(verb)to convert debt or earnings into capital stock

Capitalism:(noun)an economic, political, and social system in which property,

business, and industry are privately owned, directed towards making the greatest
possible profits for successful organizations and people.

Capitalization:(noun)the total value of a company's shares on a stock exchange.

Capitalist:(noun) someone who supports capitalism.

● Order (command)

His father ordered him to organize his room

Third person-singular- past- verb

● Order (request food or drink)

Can I order a hamburger with fries and lulo juice?

First person- singular- present- verb

● Order (Mandate)

The doctor sent specific orders to my grandmother

Third person-Singular-noun-past

Derivative: Orderly (Adjective): Well arranged or organized.

Orderliness (Noun): The quality of being well arranged or organized

Disorderly (Adjective): Untidy and badly organized

● Product noun (manufactured item)

The product will be ready before 5 o’clock

Third person singular- noun- future

● Producer noun (the person in charge of the creation of the product)

The producer has a crop of wheat

Third person singular - present - noun

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● Productive adjective (to make a large number of goods in a short period of time)

He is a very productive person

Third person singular - present - adjective

Derivatives:

Productivity: (noun) the state of being productive,

byproduct: (noun) secondary product made of another product

produce: (verb) to exist

● Customer ( Is the person or company that receives a good, service, product or idea)
The german customer will buy us next week
Third person-singular-future-verb
● Customer (Subscriber)
The only exit to transfer money from phone of other subscriber
Third person-singular-present
● Customer (Dissatisfied customer)
The customer is dissatisfied with the purchase of the watch
Third person- singular-present-adjective
Derivative: Clientele: Group of people who buy frequently(noun)
Consumer:The one who buys the product(noun)
Public: It is to which the products are directed(noun)
● Profit from (make money from)
Karen made a profit from her cookie sale.
Third person singular, past, verb
● Profit (earn)
If I invest money in my business, I will profit.
First person, verb, future
● Profit (earnings)
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Robin made a profit by selling his car for a higher price than he had bought it.
Third person-Singular-noun-past
Derivative:
Profitless: (adjective) something that doesn't give any profit.
Profitably:(adverb) in a way that produces or is likely to produce an advantage.
Profitability: (noun) The fact that something produces or is likely to produce a profit.
Profitable:(adjective) Making or likely to make a profit.