Problem 16

A woodworker normally makes a certain number of parts in 24 days. But he was able to increase his productivity
by 5 parts per day, and so he not only finished the job in only 22 days but also he made 80 extra parts. How many
parts does the woodworker normally makes per day and how many pieces does he make in 24 days?
Solution:
Let x be the number of parts the woodworker normally makes daily. In 24 days he makes 24⋅xpieces. His new daily
production rate is x+5 pieces and in 22 days he made 22⋅(x+5) parts. This is 80 more than 24⋅x. Therefore the
equation is: 
24⋅x+80=22(x+5)
30=2x
x=15
Normally he makes 15 parts a day and in 24 days he makes 15⋅24=360 parts.
Problem 17
A biker covered half the distance between two towns in 2 hr 30 min. After that he increased his speed by 2 km/hr.
He covered the second half of the distance in 2 hr 20 min. Find the distance between the two towns and the initial
speed of the biker.
Solution:
Let x km/hr be the initial speed of the biker, then his speed during the second part of the trip is x + 2 km/hr. Half
the distance between two cities equals 23060⋅x km and 22060⋅(x+2) km. From the
equation: 23060⋅x=22060⋅(x+2) we get x=28 km/hr.
Therefore the distance between the two towns is equal to 2⋅2⋅2060⋅28=140 km.
Problem 18
A train covered half of the distance between stations A and B at the speed of 48 km/hr, but then it had to stop
for 15 min. To make up for the delay, it increased its speed by 53 m/sec and it arrived to station B on time. Find the
distance between the two stations and the speed of the train after the stop.
Solution:
First let us determine the speed of the train after the stop. The speed was increased
by 53 m/sec =5⋅60⋅6031000 km/hr = 6 km/hr. Therefore, the new speed is 48+6=54 km/hr. If it took x hours to
cover the first half of the distance, then it took x−1560=x−0.25 hr to cover the second part.
So the equation is: 48⋅x=54⋅(x−0.25)
x=13.5 h. The whole distance is 2×48×13.5=1296 km.