National Institute of Technology Calicut

Department of Mathematics
Mid Semester Test- 1, September 2021

MA7357- Numerical Linear Algebra

Time: 90 Minutes Maximum Marks: 20

1. The set S is defined as

S = x ∈ R3 : x = [ a, a, b ]T , where, a, b ∈ R ,


Show that S is a subspace of R3 and find it’s basis and dimension as

well. [3]

2. (a) Define vector p−norm k.kp for a vector x ∈ C n and 1 ≤ p ≤ ∞. [0.5]

(b) State explicit formulas for kAk1 and kAk∞ for A ∈ C m×n . [1]
(c) Let A ∈ Rn×n have nonegative elements and define e = [1, 1 . . . 1]T ∈
Rn , then show that [1.5]
kAek∞ = kAk∞ .

3. An n × n real matrix A is called orthogonal if A−1 = AT . If A is an n × n

orthogonal matrix then show that [3]
kAxk2 = kxk2 , x ∈ Rn .

4. Let A be n × n real non-singular matrix. Show that with respect to the

2 norm [3]
κ(AT A) = [κ(A)]2 .

5. Consider the matrix  

ε 1
A= .
1 ε
Find all values of ε for which A is non-singular. Determine a formula
for κ1 (A), when A is non-singular. Using this formula, find the values
of ε for which the matrix A is ill-conditioned, i.e. κ1 (A) is large. [4]

6. Using Gaussian elimination with partial pivoting, solve [4]

−3x1 + 9x2 + 8x3 = −9,
3x1 − x2 − 3x3 = 2,
9x1 − 3x2 + 2x3 = −27.

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