JOHN FRANCIS, PLANETWALKER

The United States of America is a society that .................... (1) on cars for almost a century now. This
..................(2) that it is also a society that, since the start of mass automobile production in the early 20th
century, ....................(3) on oil in order to function effectively. So far, very few Americans .....................(4) to
reject this lifestyle-but John Francis is one of those few. How ................ (5) he ................. ? In 1971, two oil
tankers .................... (6) in San Francisco Bay, releasing 1,665,000 liters of crude oil into the waters. Mr.Francis
..................... (7) this and .................. (8) himself a question: "Why ................ (9) we ................ our lives today at
100 kilometers per hour?" Soon afterwards, a close friend .................... (10) and Mr.Francis honored the man's
life with a memorial walk from his home in Inverness to San Anselmo and back. This walk inspired him to
make the decision to stop travelling in all forms of oil-fueled transportation, and to simply walk
everywhere instead.

1. A. was depending B. depends C. has been D. depended

depending
2. A. has been B. is meaning C. meant D. means
meaning
3. A. has relied B. relies C. relied D. was relying

4. A. have attempted B. attempt C. attempted D. were attempting

5. A. has…been B. did……start C. does……start D. was……. starting

starting
6. A. were colliding B. have collided C. have been colliding D. collided

7. A. has been B. witnesses C. has witnessed D. witnessed

witnessing
8. A.is asking B. has asked C. has been asking D. asked

9. A. are………living B. have……lived C. did…live D. have……been

living

10. A. has died B. was dying C. died D. is dying

SANTA FE, NEW MEXICO

Dear Mom,

I am writing this letter from Santa Fe, New Mexico, where we arrived early yesterday evening after we (1)
……………… all night through Texas. And Mom, while we (2) ………………… through Texas, we saw the
funniest thing. As I (3) ………………we had been driving the whole night, and then – probably at about six in
the morning- we stopped at a gas station. Well, the owner the gas station was an absolutely huge man, with
a gigantic belly and an even more gigantic cowboy hat.

Anyway, New Mexico is great. Right now, Michelle and I (4) ………………….in a café outside with some
beers in front of us. We aren’t sure yet what we (5) ……………… this afternoon. We’re in Santa Fe now, the
state capital, a really nice little city. People (6) ……………… Spanish here as often as English. A lot of hippies
live here, too, making it a really colorful place to be. Michelle (7) …………………. of moving out here after
she has finished university-she (8) ………………. A bit of a hippie herself, after all.

Okay, Mom, I need to go now. We have just finished our beer and Michelle (9) ……………… eager to get up
and walk around a bit. I (10) …………………. more sometime soon.

Love, Mike

1.A. have been B. have driven C. were driving D. had driven

driving
2.A. had been passing B. had passed C. were going to pass D. were passing

3. A. just say B. will just say C. have just said D. am just saying

4. A. are sitting B. sit C. sat D. are going to sit

5. A. will have done B. have been doing C. did D. are going to do

6. A. have spoken B. had spoken C. speak D. will speak

7. A. is thinking B. thought C. will have thought D. thinks

8. A. had always been B. is always being C. is always D. has always been

9. A. got B. gets C. is getting D. had got

10. A. am writing B. will write C. will have written D. have written

A SINGER IN IRAN

In the 1970s, the pop artist Googoosh was (1) ………………. singer in Iran. She also acted in (2)
……………. films of the time. (3) …………………. The Iranian Revolution of 1979, Googoosh stayed
in Iran, but she didn’t record or perform (4) ………………. the government ban on solo female singers.
She stayed in Iran for 20 years, but then, in 2000, she (5) ………………… permission to leave the
country by Mohammad Khatami’s government. Now, she lives in California and continues to work on
her music.

1.A. famous enough B. so famous C. as famous as D. the most famous

2. A. lots B. several C. any D. more

3. A. since B. because C. while D. after

4. A. such as B. even if C. in spite of D. due to

5. A. was giving B. gave C. was given D. has been given

 WILLIAM OF MOERBEKE

(1) …………….. by Thomas Aquinas, William of Moerbeke made a Latin translation into
Aristotle’s On the Heavens and Meteorology in 1260. During the next two decades, he also (2)
………………… parts of Aristotle’s (3) ………………… works. He also (4) ………… existing
Latin versions of Some Aristotelian writings, including On Memory and Recall. His translations
(5) ………………. Helped his contemporaries understand Aristotle’s exact meaning, ………….
established his translations as the standard for the Medieval Latin world.

1. A. to have urged B. to urge C. urged D. urging

2. A. translated B. had translated C. will translate D. is going to

translate

3. A. each B. other C. anything D. much of

4. A. has revised B. has been revising C. revised D. will revise

5. A. hardly…when B. neither..or C. not only….but also D. either..and

JOHN FRANCIS, PLANETWALKER

John Francis is a man who honored his best friend’ life with a memorial walk from his home in Inverness to
San Anselmo and back soon after his death. This walk inspired him to make the decision to stop travelling in all
forms of oil-fueled transportation, and to simply walk everywhere instead. After a few months of walking, his
view of the world (1) ………… to change greatly: he felt very happy with his new freedom. However, he (2)
… constantly with people who couldn’t understand his new life style. As a result, he stopped
speaking, so as to learn to actually listen to people rather than argue with them. For 17 years, Mr.Francis (3)
… a Word, communicating with people only through notes. But despite this, he managed to attend
university; first a Bachelor’s degree in Oregon; then a Master’s in Montana ; and finally a Ph.D. from the
university of Wisconsin.And all this time, he (4) ………….. across the United States. Then, on Earth Day in
1990, Mr.Francis (5) …………… his silence. The very next day, a car (6) ………… him –and of course, he (6)
………. on walking to the hospital rather than riding in the ambulance. Ever since his recovery, Mr.Francis (7)
……………. his walks, including journeys through South America and most recently, in 2003, Cuba, and while he
(8) ………. there, he (9) …………. organic farming practices. In 1991, the UN Environmental Program (10)
……… him an Ambassador of Goodwill.

1.A. was beginning B. has begun C. is beginning D. begins

2. A. has argued B. is arguing C. was arguing D. has been arguing

3.A. hasn’t been B. doesn’t say C. hasn’t said D. didn’t say

saying
4.A. was walking B. walks C. is walking D. has been walking
 5.A. has been ending B. has ended C. is ending D. ended

6.A.has been insisting B. is insisting C. has insisted D. insisted

7. A. continued B. was continuing C. has been D. continues

continuing
8. A. is B. has been C. will D. was

9. A. is studying B. has studied C. has been studying D. studied

10. A. has been B. names C. was naming D. named

naming

ANSWER KEY

JOHN FRANCIS, PLANETWALKER

The United States of America is a society that ....................(1) on cars for almost a century now. This ..................(2)
that it is also a society that, since the start of mass automobile production in the early 20th century, ....................(3)
on oil in order to fuction effectively. So far, very few Americans .....................(4) to reject this lifestyle-but John
Francis is one of those few. How ................(5) he .................? In 1971, two oil tankers ....................(6) in San
Francisco Bay, releasing 1,665,000 litres of crude oil into the waters. Mr.Francis .....................(7) this
and .................. (8) himself a question: "Why ................(9) we ................ our lives today at 100 kilometres per
hour?" Soon afterwards, a close friend ....................(10) and Mr.Francis honoured the man's
life with a memorial walk from his home in Inverness to San Anselmo and back. This walk inspired him to
make the decision to stop travelling in all forms of oil-fueled transportation, and to simply walk
everywhere instead.

1. A. was depending B. depends C. has been depending*** D. depended

2. A. has been meaning B. is meaning C. meant D. means***

3. A. has relied*** B. relies C. relied D. was relying

4. A. have attempted*** B. attempt C. attempted D. were attempting

5. A.has….been starting B. did……start *** C. does……start D. was……. starting

6. A. were colliding B. have collided C. have been colliding D. Collided***

7. A. has been witnessing B. witnesses C. has witnessed D. Witnessed***

8. A.is asking B. has asked C. has been asking D. asked***

9. A. are………living*** B. have……..lived C. did…….live D. have……been living

10. A. has died B. was dying C. died*** D. is dying

 SANTA FE, NEW MEXICO

Dear Mom,

I am writing this letter from Santa Fe, New Mexico, where we arrived early yesterday evening after we (1)
………………….. all night through Texas. And Mom, while we (2) ………………… through Texas, we saw
the funniest thing. As I (3) …………………… , we had been driving the whole night, and then – probably at
about six in the morning- we stopped at a gas station. Well, the owner the gas station was an absolutely
huge man, with a gigantic belly and an even more gigantic cowboy hat.

Anyway, New Mexico is great. Right now, Michelle and I (4) ………………….in a café outside with some
beers in front of us. We aren’t sure yet what we (5)……………… this afternoon. We’re in Santa Fe now, the
state capital, a really nice little city. People(6) ……………… Spanish here as often as English. A lot of hippies
live here ,too,making it a really colourful place to be. Michelle (7) …………………. of moving out here after
she has finished university-she (8) ………………. A bit of a hippie herself, after all.

Okay, Mom, I need to go now. We have just finished our beer and Michelle (9) ……………… eager to get up
and walk around a bit. I (10) …………………. more sometime soon.

Love,Mike

1. A. have been driving B. have driven C. were driving D. Had driven***

2. A. had been passing B. had passed C. were going to pass D. Were passing***

3. A. just say B. will just say C. have just said*** D. am just saying

4. A. are sitting*** B. sit C. sat D. are going to sit

5. A. will have done B. have been doing C. did D. Are going to do

6. A. have spoken B. had spoken C. speak*** D. will speak

7. A. is thinking*** B. thought C. will have thought D. thinks

8. A. had always been B. is always being C. is always D. Has always been

9. A. got B. gets C. is getting*** D. had got

10. A. am writing B. will write*** C. will have written D. have written

A SINGER IN IRAN

In the 1970s, the pop artist Googoosh was (1) ………………. singer in Iran. She also acted in (2)
……………. films of the time. (3) …………………. The Iranian Revolution of 1979, Googoosh stayed
in Iran, but she didn’t record or perform (4) ………………. the government ban on solo female singers.
She stayed in Iran for 20 years, but then, in 2000, she (5) ………………… permission to leave the
country by Mohammad Khatami’s government. Now, she lives in California and continues to work
on her music.

1. A. famous enough B. so famous C. as famous as D.the most famous

 2. A. lots B. several*** C. any D. more

3. A. since*** B. because C. while D. after

4. A. such as B. even if C. in spite of D. Due to***

5. A. was giving B. gave*** C. was given D. has been given

WILLIAM OF MOERBEKE

(1)…………….. by Thomas Aquinas, William of Moerbeke made a Latin translation into Aristotle’s
On the Heavens and Meteorology in 1260. During the next two decades, he also(2) …………………
parts of Aristotle’s (3) ………………… works. He also (4) …………….. existing Latin versions of
Some Aristotelian writings, including On Memory and Recall. His translations (5) ……………….
Helped his contemporaries understand Aristotle’s exact meaning, ……………….. established his
translations as the standard for the Medieval Latin world.

1. A. to have urged B. to urge C. urged*** D. urging

2. A. translated*** B. had translated C. will translate D. is going to translate

3. A. each B. other*** C. anything D. much of

4. A. has revised B. has been revising C. revised*** D. will revise

5. A. hardly…when B. neither..or C. not only….but also*** D. either..and

JOHN FRANCIS, PLANETWALKER

John Francis is a man who honoured his best friend’ life with a memorial walk from his home in Inverness to San
Anselmo and back soon after his death.This walk inspired him to make the decision to stop travelling in all forms
of oil-fueled transportation, and to simply walk everywhere instead. After a few months of walking, his view of the
world (1) ………… to change greatly: he felt very happy with his new freedom. However,he(2)
… constantly with people who couldn’t understand his new life style. As a result, he stopped
speaking, so as to learn to actually listen to people rather tahn argue with them. For 17 years, Mr.Francis (3)
… a Word, communicating with people only through notes. But despite this, he managed to attend
university; first a Bachelor’s degree in Oregon; then a Master’s in Montana ; and finally a Ph.D. from the
university of Wisconsin.And all this time, he (4) ………….. across the United States. Then , on Earth Day
in 1990, Mr.Francis (5) …………… his silence. The very next day, a car struck him –and of course, he (6)
……….. on walking to the hospital rather than riding in the ambulance.Ever since his recovery, Mr.Francis (7)
……………. his walks, including journeys through South America and most recently, in 2003, Cuba, and while he
(8) ………. there, he (9) …………. organic farming practices. In 1991, the UN Environmental Program (10)
………….. him an Ambassador of Goodwill.

1. A. was begining*** B. has begun C. is begining D. begins

2. A. has argued B. is arguing C. was arguing*** D. has been arguing

3. A. hasn’t been saying B. doesn’t say C. hasn’t said D. didn’t say***

4. A. was walking*** B. walks C. is walking D. has been walking

 5. A. has been ending B. has ended C. is ending D. Ended****

6. A. has been insisting B. is insisting C. has insisted D.insisted***

7. A. continued B. was continuing C. has been continuing*** D. continues

8. A. is B. has been C. will D. was***

9. A. is studying B. has studied C. has been studying D. studied***

10. A. has been naming B. names C. was naming D. Named***