CONSOLIDATION

Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the word whose underlined part
differs from the other three in pronunciation in each of the following questions.
Question 1: A. weighed B. toughed C. laughed D. coughed
Question 2: A. choir B. soil C. noise D. choice

Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the word that differs from the
other three in the position of primary stress in each of the following questions.
Question 3: A. canal B. limit C. mammal D. elbow
Question 4: A. informal B. supportive C. personnel D. apparent

Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the underlined part that needs
correction in each of the following questions.
Question 5: In studies (B) conducted on gazing behaviour, it (C) has been founded that
listeners gaze at speakers (D) more than speakers gaze at listeners.
A. In studies B. conducted on C. has been founded D. more than
Question 6: Kelly reacts (A) like (B) a true professional and (C) keeps smiling as if her music is
the only thing that matters (D) with her.
A. like B. a true professional C. keeps smiling D. with
Question 7: The village has 60 (A) historic buildings, (B) many of them were carefully (C)
transported from various locations to (D) help recreate the seaport as it used to be.
A. historic B. many of them C. transported from D. help recreate

Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of
the following questions.
Question 8: Therapists are currently using mental imagery in the hope that                                
in the treatment of cancer.
A. it could use helpfully B. its proof to help
C. it might prove helpful     D. its help to aid
Question 9: What you say is true, but you could have                                it more tactfully.
A. phrased     B. talked C. observed   D. remarked
Question 10: Researchers have discovered 2,000 types of new plants but also say
are at risk.
A. many   B. much    C. the other D. variety
Question 11: With only two days of____________negotiating time left, hope of progress was
quickly evaporating at the climate talks.
A. official B. office C. officially  D. officious
Question 12: Generic medications are just as ______________, and much less expensive.
A. effective as brand-name products B. brand-name products effective
C. brand-name products as effective  D. effectively brand-name products
Question 13: The report says that over five years up to 2013, the _____________of wild bees
fell across almost a quarter of the US as land was converted to grow corn for ethanol.
A. crowd B. diverse C. amount  D. abundance
Question 14: The production of different kinds of artificial materials ____________ essential to
the conservation of our natural resources.
A. is B. have been C. are D. were
Question 15: For people to be able to survive in groups, individuals had to cooperate with each
other, rather than _________________.
A. act alone B. alone act C. act lonely D. lonely act
Question 16: I_____________dinner. Just as it was ready, Chris and Jane phoned to say that
they couldn’t come.
A. needn’t cook B. didn’t need to cook
C. needn’t have cooked D. didn’t need cooking
Question 17: I think you need to ______________your ideas more clearly so that the reader
doesn’t get confused.
A. dawn on B. set out  C. get on with  D. give in
Question 18: Susie and Fran _____________us last night, so I had to quickly defrost a pizza.
A. turned up B. dropped in on C. came across  D. went through
Question 19: Elephants ____________ the ecosystems they live in, and make it possible for a lot
of other species to survive in those environments as well.
A. obtain B. remain C. maintain D. attain
Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the most suitable response to
complete each of the following exchanges.
Question 20: - Diana: “Do you like the advanced training course you are taking, Anne?” - Anne:
“ ______________”
A. No, thanks. B. No, not everyone.
C. By and large, yes.  D. Not me, I’m still waiting.
Question 21: - “Hello. Could I speak to the manager, please?” – “___________________”
A. No, you can’t. B. Hello. But could you?
C. Yes, speaking. D. I’m answering you now.

Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the word(s) CLOSEST in
meaning to the underlined word(s) in each of the following questions.
Question 22: This special offer is exclusive to readers of this magazine.
A. presentable B. rewarding C. attractive D. limited
Question 23: The International Union for Conservation of Nature Red List is a comprehensive
catalogue of the conservation status of species.
A. complete B. rational C. understandable D. valuable

Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the word(s) OPPOSITE in
meaning to the underlined word(s) in each of the following questions.
Question 24: We have to take on extra staff to deal with the increased workload.
A. approach B. employ C. dismiss D. meet
Question 25: The president’s compassion for the refugees caused him to admit a very large
number of them.
A. hostility B. sympathy C. friendship D. respect

Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the sentence that is closest in
meaning to each of the following questions.
Question 26: We were late for the show by the time we had found a taxi.
A. The taxi was late, so we missed the start of the show.
B. We found a taxi in order not to be late for the show.
 C. We eventually found a taxi to go to the show, which had already begun.
D. It took a long time to find a taxi but the show began later then expected.
Question 27: “ You should take more care of your health or you may regret it,” the doctor said
to her.
A. She might regret taking more care of her health, which was the doctor’s advice to her.
B. The doctor advised her to take more care of her health or she might regret it.
C. The doctor recommened her taking more care of her health so that she wouldn’t regret it.
D. It will be a good idea if she takes more care of her health, otherwise she might regret it.
Question 28: Now people believe that lifelong learning is the key to success. Today’s labour
market is competitive and demanding.
A. Competitive and demanding people believe that lifelong learning is the key to success in
today’s labour market.
B. Lifelong learning is believed to be the key to success in today’s competitive and demanding
labour market.
C. Today’s labour market is competitive and demanding because people believe that lifelong
learning is the key to success.
D. Believing that lifelong learning is the key to success, people now live in a competitive and
demanding labour market.
Question 29: He has been giving most of his money to charity. He hopes to ease the pain and
suffering of the disadvantaged.
A. Giving most of his money to charity, he hopes to ease the pain and suffering of the
disadvantaged.
B. Easing the pain and suffering of the disadvantaged made him give most of his money to
charity.
C. He has been giving most of his money to the disadvantaged to ease their pain and suffering.
D. Hoping to ease the pain and suffering of the disadvantaged, he has given them most of his
money.
Question 30: You ask such a question because you didn’t pay enough attention.
A. Had it not been for your attention, you wouldn’t ask such a question.
B. Had it not been for your inattention, you wouldn’t ask such a question.
C. Had you paid enough attention, you wouldn’t have asked such a question.
 D. Had you not paid enough attention, you wouldn’t ask such a question.

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate
the correct word or phrase that best fits each of the numbered blanks from 31 to 35.
A TECH TEEN
Randomkid.org is a website that gives children advice on how to raise funds for charity. This site
was the (31) __________of Talia Leman. Talia had been deeply affected by televised scenes of
the destructions caused by Hurricane Katrina when it (32) __________New Orleans. Talia, who
was 10 years old at the time, decided she had to do something to help. Her mother offered to give
her (33) __________in setting up a website intended to raised money for victims of the disaster.
The response (34) __________the site was incredible and after one year, over $10 million had
been donated. Talia’s success made her realise she could use the site to help other children raise
money for similar worthy (35) __________or charities. She does not brag about her
achievements, but she believes that children shouldn’t be afraid to take on ambitious projects.
Question 31: A. brainchild B. brainstorm C. offspring D. inspiration
Question 32: A. knocked B. struck C. fought D. stroked
Question 33: A. a hand B. a head C. a leg D. an arm
Question 34: A. of B. for C. to D. with
Question 35: A. causes B. reasons C. courses D. actions

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate
the correct answer to each of the questions
Today, roller skating is easy and fun. But a long time ago, it wasn't easy at all. Before 1750, the
idea of skating didn’t exist. That changed because of a man named Joseph Merlin. Merlin’s work
was making musical instruments. In his spare time he liked to play the violin. Joseph Merlin was
a man of ideas and dreams. People called him a dreamer.
One day Merlin received an invitation to attend a fancy dress ball. He was very pleased and a
little excited. As the day of the party came near, Merlin began to think how to make a grand
entrance at the party. He had an idea. He thought he would get a lot of attention if he could skate
into the room.
Merlin tried different ways to make himself roll. Finally, he decided to put two wheels under
each shoe. These were the first roller skates. Merlin was very proud of his invention as he
dreamed of arriving at the party on wheels while playing the violin.
On the night of the party Merlin rolled into the room playing his violin. Everyone was
astonished to see him. There was just one problem. Merlin had no way to stop his roller skates.
He rolled on and on. Suddenly, he ran into a huge mirror that was hanging on the wall. Down fell
the mirror, breaking to pieces. Nobody forgot Merlin’s grand entrance for a long time!
Question 36: The text is mainly about __________.
A. a strange man
B. an unusual party
C. how people enjoyed themselves in the 18th century
D. how roller skating began
Question 37: The word “astonished” in paragraph 4 can be best replaced by__________.
A. amazed B. tired C. polite D. embarrassed
Question 38: Merlin put wheels under his shoes in order to __________
A. arrive at the party sooner B. show his skill in walking on wheels
C. test his invention  D. impress the party guests
Question 39: The word “ball” in paragraph 2 probably means .
A. party B. round object C. match  D. game
Question 40: People thought Merlin was a dreamer because he__________.
A. was a gifted musician B. often gave others surprises
C. invented the roller skates D. was full of imagination
Question 41: What is the main point the writer is trying to make in the last paragraph?
A. Merlin got himself into trouble.
B. Merlin succeeded beyond expectation.
C. The roller skates needed further improvement.
D. The party guests took Merlin for a fool.
Question 42: The word “These” in paragraph 3 refers to__________.
A. wheels B. shoes C. roller skates D. different ways

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate
the correct answer to each of the questions.
Technology has utterly transformed our ability to communicate with each other. Linking to each
other both literally and figuratively, many of us connect through cell phones, email, instant
messaging, blogs, and networking web sites, yet we may be less connected to each other than we
think.
According to a study, Americans are becoming increasingly socially isolated. The study reveals,
for example, that one quarter of Americans say that they have no one to discuss important
personal issues with, and that the number of close friends that American have has dropped from
three to two. Meanwhile, the Boston Globe reports that this spreading isolation is experienced
more sharply among those with less education, people of color, and older Americans.
Unsurprisingly, those who are young, white, and well educated tend to have stronger social
networks.
From my own experience I have to say that I’ve never felt more connected, thanks to a web of
friends, family, and colleagues. One of my closest friends is someone I met through an online
discussion group who lives hundreds of miles away from me. We have met face-to-face only
twice, yet our regular electronic correspondence and cell phone calls sustain our close
friendship. And, speaking of blogging, my blog has introduced me to people I would never have
met otherwise and has led to enduring and important friendships.
On the other hand, I recently saw a scene unfold that proved to me how deeply disconnected
we as Americans have become. I had just wrapped up a presentation on mediation at a family
therapy center. As I was leaving, I noticed a mother and her teenage son who had just completed
their session with their family therapist. After making their next appointment, they both took out
their cell phones, placed calls, and began loud conversations with whoever was on the other end.
I walked out behind them to the parking lot to my car. They both jumped into their SUV, and, as
I saw them drive off, they were still talking on their cell phones. But, alas, not to each other.
Question 43: Which of the following has nothing to do with the isolation among Americans?
A. Skin color B. Gender C. Education D. Age
Question 44: What can be said about the mother and son in the passage?
A. There was not much communication between them.
B. They came for therapy in the same car.
C. They were quite close to each other.
D. They preferred talking to each other on cell phones.
Question 45: The writer uses the phrase “On the other hand” in the last paragraph to .
A. show something similar B. give a different opinion
 C. introduce a new idea D. prove that something is wrong
Question 46: The word “those” in paragraph 2 refers to __________.
A. networks B. networks C. general people D. close friends
Question 47: What does the passage lead you to believe?
A. Technology plays a bigger role in American society.
B. Americans are more socially isolated today.
C. Americans don’t make good use of technology.
D. Americans are more socially connected today.
Question 48: Which of the following is NOT true, according to the passage?
A. Modern people link to each other through telecommunications.
B. Americans seem to have fewer and fewer close friends.
C. The writer has never met some of his important friends.
D. Users of SUV enjoy talking to each other on the cell phones.
Question 49: The word “sustain” in paragraph 3 is closest in meaning to__________.
A. make something continue to exist B. let someone suffer a lot
C. making something remain secure D. support someone emotionally
Question 50: The writer himself __________ .
A. has a wide range of friends because of technology
B. has a wide range of friends because of technology
C. can only find true friendship through the Internet
D. can’t make true friends in actual life