AUS AS.8 52 MM 0784265 0500867 874 mm . An heaton Neto Stor a I | | Specification for Filler Metals for Brazing and Braze Weldin e 9 American Welding Society Cony rion Mellag Society he 18AUS AS.8 92 MM 0784265 0500868 700 mm Keywords — Brazing, brazing filer metals, brazing ANSI/AWS A5.8-92 e loys, sve ays, copper alos, ‘An American National Standard gold alloys Approved by American National Standards Institute September 1, 1992 Specification for Filler Metals for Brazing and Braze Welding ‘Superseding ANSI/AWS AS.8-89 Prepared by e@ AWS Committee on Filler Metal Under the Direction of AWS Technical Activities Committee Approved by AWS Board of Directors Abstract The chemical composition, physical form, and packaging of more than 75 brazing filler metals are specified. Information is provided concerning the liquidus, the solidus, the brazing temperature range, and general arcas of application recommended for each filler metal, The filler metal groups described include: silver, gold, aluminum, ‘magnesium, nickel, cobalt, copper, and brazing filler metals for vacuum service a American Welding Society 550 N.W. LeJeune Road, P.O. Box 351040, Miami, Florida 33135 Copy by the Ameian ellng Sac hu Hy 05 1277-3 198AUS AS.8 92 MM 0784265 OS008b9 bY? mm Statement on Use of AWS Standards e All standards (codes, spesifications, recommended practices, methods, clasiications, and guides) ofthe American Welding Society are voluntary consensus standards that have been developed in accordance withthe rules ofthe ‘American National Standards Insitute, When AWS standards ar either incorporated in, or made partof, documents that are included in federal or state laws and regulations, or the regulations of other governmental bodies, their provisions carry the Full legal authority of the statute. n such cases, any changes in those AWS standards must be approved by the governmental body having statutory jurisdiction before they can become a part of those laws and regulations. Inallcases, these standards cary the full legal authority of the contractor other document that invokes the AWS standards. Where this contractual relationship exists, changes in or deviations from requirements of an AWS standard must be by agreement between the contracting pats. International Standard Book Number: 0-87171-3942 ‘American Welding Society, $50 N.W. LeJeune Road, P.O. Box 351040, Miami, Florida 33135, © 1992 by American Welding Society. All rights reserved Printed in the United States of America Note: The primary purpose of AWS isto serve and benefit its members. To this end, AWS provides a forum for the exchange, consideration, and discussion of ideas and proposals that are relevant to the welding industry and the consensus of which forms the basis for these standards. By providing such a forum, AWS does not assume any duties to which a user ofthese standards may be required to adhere. By publishing ths standard, the American Welding Society does not insure anyone using the information it contains against any liability arising from that use. Publication of a standard by the American Welding Society docs not carry with it any right to make, use, or sell any patented items. Users ofthe information inthis standard should make an independent investigation ofthe validity of that information for their particular use and the patent status of any item referred to herein. With regard to technical inquiries made concerning AWS standards, oral opinions on AWS standards may be rendered. However, such opinions represent only the personal opinions ofthe particular individuals giving them, These individuals do not speak on behalf of AWS, nor do these oral opinions constitute offical or unofficial opinions or interpretations of AWS. In addition, oral opinions are informal and should not be used as a substitute for an official interpretation ‘This standard is subject to revision a any time by the AWS Filler Metal Committee. It must be reviewed every five years and if not revised, it must be either reapproved or withdrawn. Comments (recommendations, additions, or deletions) and any pertinent data that may be of use in improving this standard are requested and should be addressed to AWS. Headquarters. Such comments will receive careful consideration by the AWS Filler Metal Committee and the author of the comments will be informed of the Committee’ response to the comments. Guests are invited to attend all ‘meetings of the AWS Filler Metal Committee to express their comments verbally. Procedures for appeal of an adverse decision concerning all such comments are provided in the Rules of Operation ofthe Technical Activities Committe. ‘A copy of these Rules can be obtained from the American Welding Society, 550 N.W. LeJeune Road, P.O. Box 351040, Miami, Florida 33135. Copy by the Ameian ellng Sac hu Hy 05 1277-3 198D. J. Kotecki, Chairman R.A. LaFave, Ist Vice Chairman J.-P. Hunt, 2nd Vice Chairman HLF. Reid, Secretary B. Anderson RS. Brown RL Rateman* J. Caprarola, Jr. LJ. Chrisiensen® R.J. Christoffel D.D. Crockett RA. Daemen D. A. DelSignore HW. Ebert S.E Ferree D. A. Fink G. Hallstrom, Jr RL Harris RW, Heid D.C. Helton W. S. Howes RW. Jud RB. Kadivala GA. Kurisky N. E Larson A. S. Laurenson G. H. MacShane D.F. Manning LM. Malik* M.T. Merlo S.J. Merrick GE Metzger J. W. Mortimer CL Null ¥. Ogata* J. Payne RL. Peaslee E. W. Pickering M.A. Quintana SD. Reynolds, Jr. LF Roberts D. Rozet P.K Salvesen H.S. Sayre* Advisor AUS AS.8 92 Ml 0784265 0500870 365 mm Personnel AWS Committee on Filler Metal ‘The Lincoln Blectrie Company Elliott Company Inco Alloys International American Welding Society Alcotec Carpenter Technology Corporation Electromanufacturas, S. A Alloy Rods Corporation Consultant Consultant ‘The Lincoln Electric Company Hobart Brothers Company Westinghouse Flectric Company Exxon Research and Engineering Alloy Rods Corporation The Lincoln Eleetrie Company USNRC-RIT RL. Harris Associates Newport News Shipbuilding Consultant National Electrical Manufacturers Association Chrysler Motors Techalloy Maryland, Incorporated Maryland Specialty Wire Union Carbide, Industrial Gas Division Consultant MAC Associates Hobart Brothers Company Artec Canada Limited Stoody Company Teledyne McKay AEML Consultant NAVSEA Kobe Stee! Limited Schneider Services International Wall Colmonoy Corporation Consultant General Dynamics Corporation Westinghouse Electric PGBU Canadian Welding Bureau Consultant ‘American Bureau of Shipping Consultant Copy by the Ameian ellng Sac hu Hy 05 1277-3 198AUS AS.8 92 M™ 0784265 OSO087) 27S Ml AWS Committee on Filler Metal (continued) 0. W. Seth Chicago Bridge and Iron Company W. A. Shopp* SAB M.S. Sierdzinski Alloy Rods Corporation RW. Straiton* Bechtel Group, Incorporated R.D. Sutton L=Tee Welding and Cutting Systems R.A. Swain Tayssen Welding Products J. W. Tackett Haynes International Incorporated RD. Thomas, Jr. RD, Thomas and Company R Timerman* — Conarco, S. A. RT. Webster Teledyne Wah Chang 4. E. Wiehe* — Consultant WA, Wiehe®* Arcos Alloys WL Wileox Consultant FJ. Winsor — Consultant KG. Wold Aqua Chem, Incorporated T.J. Wonder VSE Corporation Subcommittee on Filler Metals and Fluxes for Brazing RL. Peaslee, Chairman Wall Colmonoy Corporation, HF. Reid, Secretary American Welding Society G. A. Andreano* Consultant RE Ballentine Unibraze Corporation ¥. Baskin Superior Flux and Manufacturing S.A, D'Agostino The Wilkinson Company CE. Fuerstenau —L.ucas-Milhaupt, Incorporated R. Henson J, W. Hartis Company W.H. King* Consultant M.I. Lucas, Jr. General Electric Company W.A, Martila Chrysler Corporation MK. Megerle Naval Air Engineering Center M.T. Merlo Stoody Company JA, Miller* — Raymond Corporation CW. Philp Consultant W.D. Rupert Englehard Industries H, S. Sayre* Consultant JL Schuster E.G & G Incorporated Avior *Desesed Copy by the Ameian ellng Sac hu Hy 05 1277-3 198ASTM B260-521 AWS AS-52T ASTM 8260-567 AWS ASS-S6T AWS A5.8.677 ASTM B260.627 Comn 33135, Copy by the Ameian ellng Sac hu Hy 05 1277-3 198 AUS AS.8 92 MM O7842b5 0500872 13) mw Foreword (This Foreword isnot apart of ANSL/ AWS A58-92, Specification for Filler Meuals for Brazing and Braze Welding, but is included for information purposes only.) This document represents the seventh revision of the first filler metals for brazing specification issued by the American Welding Society. The original specification was prepared by a joint committee of the American Welding Society and the American Society for Testing and Materials. Ths oint activity continued for 17 years until 1969, when, AWS became the sole Society responsible for the development and publishing of the specification, The evolution of ANSI/AWS AS.8-92 is shown below: Tentative Specification for Brazing Filler Metal Tentative Specification for Brazing Fler Metal Tentative Specification for Brazing Filer Metal Specification for Brazing Filler Metal Specification for Brazing Filler Metal Specification for Brazing Filler Metal Specification for Filler Metals for Brazing ents and suggestions forthe improvement ofthis standard are welcome. They should be sent to the Secretary, Filler Metal Committee, American Welding Society, 550 N.W. LeJeune Road, P.O, Box 351040, Miami, Florida Oficial interpretations of any ofthe technical requirements ofthis standard may be obtained by sending a request, in writing, to the Managing Director, Technical Services, American Welding Society. A formal reply willbe issued after it thas been reviewed by the appropriate personnel following established procedures.AUS AS.8 52 MM 0784265 0500873 078 a Table of Contents Personnel. Foreword. List of Tables 1, Scope, Part A — General Requirement 2. Classification 3. Acceptance 4, Certification 5. Units of Measure and Rounding-Off Procedure. Part B— Tess, Procedures, and Requirements 6, Summary of Tests = 7. Retest « 8 Chemical Analysis « 9. Sieve Analysis. 10. Melt Cleanliness Test . IL, Spatter Test 5 12, Binder Content of Transfer Tape Part C— Manufacture Idenifeation and Packaging 13, Method of Manufacture 14, Standard Forms, Sizes, and Tolerances... 15, Special Identification Labels or Marking 16, Packaging - F 17. Marking of Packages. . Appendix — Al. Introduction ‘AD. Method of Classification. A3, Acceptance . ‘AA. Certification. ‘AS. Ventilation During Brazing ‘A6. Brazing Considerations AA. Brazing Characters and Applications ‘AB, Discontinued Classifications ... AWS Filler Metal Specifications and Related Documents .. Gude o AWS Speciation fr Fler Metal for Brac and Brace Welding ae a 15 (lnside Back Cover) Copy by the Ameian ellng Sac hu Hy 05 1277-3 198AUS AS-8 92 MM 0784265 0500874 TOY mm List of Tables i -mical Composition Requirements for Silver Filer Metals. Chemical Composition Requirements for Gold Filler Metals... Chemical Composition Requirements for Aluminum and Magnesium Filler Metals Chemical Composition Requirements for Copper, Copper-Zine, and Copper-Phosphorus Filler Metals ee ‘Chemical Composition Requirements for Nickel and Cobalt Filler Metals ‘Chemical Composition Requirements for Filler Metals for Vacuum Service Powder Mesh Designations and Particle Size Distribution Standard Forms and Sizes cae Tolerances for Wrought Wite and Rod Tolerances for Foil Strip and Sheet pare Solidus, Liquidus, and Brazing Temperature Ranges Discontinued Brazing Filer Metal Classifications > zB Copy by the Ameian ellng Sac hu Hy 05 1277-3 198AUS AS.6 42 MH O764265 0500875 940 mm Specification for Filler Metals for Brazing and Braze Welding 1. Scope ‘This specification prescribes requitements for the classification of filler metals for brazing and braze weld- ing. It includes filler metals for brazing with or without a flux, and in all protective atmospheres, for various applications, including those for vacuum serviee' Filler ‘metals identified by the prefix “RB” indicate that the filler metal is suitable for use both as brazing rod for braze welding and as a brazing filler metal. Part A General Requirements 2. Classification 2.1 The brazing filler metals covered by this specifica- tion are classified according to their chemical composi tion, as specified in Tables I through 62 22 Filler metal classified under one classification shall, not be classified under any other classification of this specification, |. Filler metals or vacuum service are for devices operatingin a vacuum, regardless of the atmosphere used in making the 2. Anexplanation of the method of classification of the filler ‘metals is included in A2, Copy by the Ameian ellng Sac hu Hy 05 1277-3 198 3. Acceptance Acceptance of the brazing filler metal shall be in accordance with the provisions of the latest edition of ANSI/ AWS AS.01, Filler Metal Procurement Guidelines. 4. Certification By affixing the AWS specification and class designations to the package, or the classification to the product, the manufacturer certifies that the product ‘meets the requirements of this specification.* 5. Units of Measure and Rounding-Off Procedure 5.1 U. S. Customary Units are the standard units of ‘measure in this specification. The SI Units are given as, equivalent values to the U.S. Customary Units, The standard sizes and dimensions in the two systems are not 3. See A3, Acceptance (nthe Appendix) for farther informa tion concerning aeceptanee, testing af the material shipped, and ANSI/ AWS A501, Filer Metal Procurement Guidelines [AWS documents maybe obtained feom the American Weld- ing Society, $50 NW, Leleune Rosd, P.O. Box 31040, Miami, Florida 33135 44. See Ad, Certification (inthe Appendix) for further infor= ration concerning certification and the testing clled for ‘0 eet this requirement.AUS AS.8 92 MM 0784265 0500676 687 mm ouunoar ap 0m sana a poe ‘ceetvag o 6c4vAM VAG GP SVAK oBYAN 2 PP sto OSE-O1F OTP O6e S10 se-sz Ouz-08 — OR-Oe S10 = OSE-O1F — OFE-o1E sro sts 5 oof 09 © oRE-o1E S10 = = = S8-so s¥t-s9e 082 sro = sts - OoE-09 —OTE-Oee sro = - = SI-Stl S¥E-Sst_—O9E-OFE sto sts = sts OSE-O1E — Oee-ouE 510 — - = ses! = O0f-0% — O1e-061 S10 sapupwiny, = = = sto 08-08 os-oy = ost-o1z oust sro = oes ae-0z ser-siz S10 - — ove-00F — Oee-ouE sv = oro-sro = = 22pareaoy sto = sors = separa sro = = sz-s1 = separa, sto - - si-so Sep, sro = = sro = a ozI-08t sro oso-seo = S10 = = sro = = Sosy o61- ost 510 a o81-0¥! S10 = = = oue-08e S10 7 sts = sro = SEST sro = 7 = O91-ovt 1% 1 cS 'N PO % "9 PEGE HORROR sxa SKY yusaiag WEA WORISOGOD S181001 JOI14 JONIS 10} Syuouraibay UoRISodWOD Fea]WIO4D bores Copy by the Ameian ellng Sac hu Hy 05 1277-3 198AUS AS.8 52 MM 0784265 0500877 713 mm a Table 2 Chemical Composition Requirements for Gold Filler Metals ‘Composition, Weigm Percent Other Aws oys Flements, Classification Number Aw cu Pa Ni Total® BAwl P0037 370-380 Remainder 01s BAu2 00800 795-805 Remainder = ons Baus 00350 345355 Remainder = 25-35 015 Baud 00820 s1s-25 = Remainder 015: Baws 00300 95-305 sss 355-355 os BAwS oo70 5-705 = 73.85 215-225 os: Nowe 1 SAE/ASTM Unified Numbering System for Metal and Alloy. The brain filer metal sal be analyzed fr those spec elements fo which ales are shown in he eb Ifthe presence of the elements indiested inthe cours ofthis work, the amount of hoe clement shal be deterred to case th hi fta Joes aocenceed he it speed, identical, and for this reason conversion from astandatd size or dimension in one system will not always coincide with a standard size or dimension in the other. Suitable ‘conversions encompassing standard sizes of bothean be made, however, if appropriate tolerances are applied in each case, 5.2 For the purpose of determining conformance with this specification, an observed or calculated value shall, be rounded to the “nearest unit” in the last right-hand place of figures used in expressing the limiting value in accordance with the rounding-off method given in ASTM E29, Practice for Using Significant Digitsin Test Data to Determine Conformance with Specifications Part B Tests, Procedures, And Requirements 6. Summary of Tests 6.1 Chemical analysis is required for all classifications 62 Filler metals for vacuum service require a melt cleanliness test and a spatter test, in addition to chemical analysis. {6.3 Sieve analysis is required for all powdered brazing filler metal, 64 A binder content test for transfer tape used in con- junction with powdered brazing filler metals required, 5. ASTM standards can be obtained from the American Society for Testing and Materials, 1916 Race Steve, Philadel pia, Pennsylvania 19103 Copy by the Ameian ellng Sac hu Hy 05 1277-3 198 7. Retest Ifthe results of any test fil ta meet the requirement, that test shall be repeated twice, The results of both tests shall meet the requirement, Samples for retest may be taken from the original sample or from one or two new samples. For chemical analysis, retest need be only for the specificelements that failed to meet the requirement, 8. Chemical Analysi 8.1 Brazing filler metals and the filler metal portion of the clad product shall conform o the chemical composi- tion requirements of Tables | through 6 for the specific filler metal being tested. 8.2 The sample shall be analyzed by accepted analytical methods, 8.3 In case of dispute, the referee method for all ele- ‘ments except phosphorous shall be the appropriate ana~ lytical method in the latest edition of the Annual Rook of ASTM Standards, Chemical Analysis of Metals; Sampling and Analysis of Metal Bearing Ores, For phosphorus, the referee method shall be that of the latest edition of ASTM Fl, Standard Phoromerie Method for Determination of Phosphorus in High-Phosphorus Brazing Filler Metals. 9. Sieve Analysis 9.1 Sieve analysis for powdered braving filler metals shall be made in accordance with ASTM B214, Stan- dard Method for Sieve Analysis of Granular Meral Powders. 9.2 The results of sieve analysis shall conform 10 the particle size distribution of the requirements of Table 7.AUS AS-8 92 MM 0784265 0500878 LST ‘nop Jo youre 24,0 so N09 HON 30000 00070 5000 sI-sr0 eT-L1 S000 ral aie 0 oro «80 D Lytv6v - oro oro sooK6v BOC er ee Or eae srorey — = = sro oo 80 Lhorev sro sro oro 80 spivov oro oo 80 Ererev “4 oN 9 WW & TAUNN WORRIES ‘sna ‘SY “TuaoIeg Ble “oOnTsOdOD PARA SIEIOWY J9L4 winyseuBeW pue wnUTWNTy 20} sueWesINbeY UONIsodwOD reDTWeUD eget Copy by the Ameian ellng Sac hu Hy 05 1277-3 198AWS AS-8 92 MM 0784265 0500879 596 mm a0 ‘udp 9 popesu aps “oy “seme 210, ur payds ony amy pox 1 ey UNOS YE 30 SNA KAMEN 8 pA 2052040 us "popuadssape0 ston yp nea ev0 29 4y soba! 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Copy by the Ameian ellng Sac hu Hy 05 1277-3 198AUS AS.8 52 MM™ 07842b5 0500862 050 Mm 8 Table 7 Powder Mesh Designations and Particle Size Distribution’ Particle Size Distribution Distribution Designations Sieve Size Percent 10 ees Through No. 60(250u) 100 Through No. 100(149u) 95 min 140 C mesh (On No, 100(149u) 0.5 max On No, 149 10Su) 10 max Tarough No. 325 (45u) 20 max 140 F mesh On No, 1001494) 0S max. On No. 1401054) 10 max ‘Through No.325 (45u) $5 max 395 mesh Op No, 200 (74) 0S max On No.325 454) 10 max. Through No. 325 (454) 90 min These ate standard ASTM sieve ses selected from Table | of ASTM ELI. Surlird Specfcationfor Wire Cloth Sievs fr Tes: ing Paros 10. Melt Cleanliness Test 10.1 The melt cleanliness test shall be performed on sample of approximately one gram of filer metal. Clean, dry tools shall be used to extract the sample from the stock, and the sample shall be plated in a clean, dense polyerystaliine alumina crucible or boat of at least 99.65 alumina. As an alternative, a fused silica crucible or boat that has been precleaned by air firing at a ‘temperature of atleast 2012° F (100°C), and stored ina dust-fre container, may be use. 10.2 The container with the sample shall be placed in @ combustion tube muffle made of dense polycrystalline alumina, oF fused silica. The muffle shall be purged with dry hydrogen[-40° F (40° C) dew point orlower}, and the sample shall be heated to a temperature of 36°F (20°C) above the liquidus temperature established for the material (See Table Al). It shall be held at that temperature for ten minutes, then allowed to coo! inthe ‘muffle to a temperature no higher than 150° F (65°C). ‘At that time the flow of hydrogen shall be stopped, and the sample shall be removed for examination. 10.3 The fused sample shall be examined at a magnifi- cation of SX. If it has melted completely, and fas no more than a light smokiness on the surface and no discrete black specks, it meets the requirements of the cleanliness test Cony by te Anticon lla Soc he “Thu Blow 05: 12:77:34 1988 a See 11. Spatter Test 1 The spatter test shall be performed at the same time asthe melt cleanliness test by bridging the crucible ‘or boat with a nickel channel, the legs of which are designed to allow a small clearance, 0.06 in, (15 mm) maximum, above the crucible. The bridge shall be no ‘more than 0,38 in. (9.6 mm) above the filler metal 11.2. Upon completion of the tes, the bottom side of the nickel channel shall be examined at a 5X magnilica- tion forevidence of any spatter. I'there is noevidence of spatter, the sample meets the requirements 12. Binder Content of Transfer Tape 12.1 The binder content of transfer tape, shall be determined by the following method: 12141 A stip of Type 304 stainless steel approxi- ‘mately 0.031 0.5 % 2 in, (0.8 13 x SI mm), shall be ‘weighed and the weight shall be recorded as Weight A. 12.1.2 Thetransfer tape shall be shaped tothe dimen- sions of the stainless stel strip, applied to the strip, the plastic carrier removed, and the composite weighed. ‘This weight shall be recorded as Weight B. 12.13 Heat the composite ina vacuum or other pro- tective atmosphere furnace to a temperature above 1000° F (538°C), cool under the protective atmosphere, toless than 300° F (150° C) remove from the furnace and reweigh. This weight shall be recorded as Weight C. 12.4 The percentage of binder shall be calculated as, follows Percentage of Binder = 122 To meet the requirements, the binder content of transfer tape shall be 6.0 percent maximum except when otherwise agreed between purchaser and supplier Part C Manufacture, Identification ‘and Packaging 13. Method of Manufacture Brazing filler metas classified according to this speci= fication may be manufactured by any method that will produce filler metals that meet the requirements of this specification.AUS AS.8 92 MM O7842b5 0500883 117 mm e 14. Standard Forms, Sizes and Tolerances 14.1 Standard forms and sizes of braring filler metals shall be as shown in Table 8, 142 Dimensional tolerances of wrought wire, rod, sheet, and strip shal be in accordance with Table 9 and 10, as applicable. 143 Size and tolerances of cast rod, transfer tape, bonded sheet and bonded rope shall be as agreed upon, bbetween the purchaser and supplier. 15. Special Identification Labels or Marking 15.1 Filler metal identifications to be accomplished by tags, labels or appropriate marking ofthe unit package. Unit packages include coils, spools, bundles, mandrels, and containers. Specific marking requirements are con- tained in Section 17, 18.2 When required by the purchase order or contract, special identification, of individual pieces of filler ‘metal shall be included beyond the identification of the unit package. When so prescribed, the use of pressure sensitive labels or imprint marking shall beeome a requirement for conformance of filler metals to this specification. 16. Packaging Brazing filler metals shall be suitably packaged to censure against damage during shipment or storage under normal conditions. Table 8 Standard Forms and Sizes Standard Sizes aws Dimensions Wide, Length, Thickness or Diameter Classification Standard Form —_Specifiee cor Mesh Size in, mm Strip* Width and 0.25 (64 mm) 10 0.002 008 (Coiled or “Thickness 60, (150 mm) 0.003, 0.08 Spooted) in multiples of ——}) ows os 0.25in 0.010 025 0.020 031 Bag Round Wire Diameter for . All Cassi (coiled or wite fieations spooled), rod (straight lengths) Y2O3) 08 yeas 12 Length and ——) 116082) 16 Diameter for 18 in, (455 mm) and 3/32(0008) 24 Rod 36 in. 010 mm) Ween 32 Powder and Mesh Size 100 Paste Moc M0F 325 BVAg Sup, wite Dimensions shall be as specified on purchase order or contract All Classi {coiled or spooled) fications sand powder Bau, BVAu, ip, wire Dimensions shall be as specified on purchase order oF contac. BVP, All Classi | (coiled or spooled) fications and powder (continued) Copy by the Ameian ellng Sac hu Hy 05 1277-3 198AUS AS-6 92 MM O7842b5 0500864 953 a " @ Table 8 (continued) Standard Sues aws Dimensions Width Length Thickness or Dante Glasication Standard Form __Spesfed or Meth Sie i a BAIS,BMs, [Stes Thickness 010 025 All Classi- (coiled)® 0.015 0.38 feaone ex 051 BAISH3 Wire (cis) yis@0s) 16 Bast or Rod Length and 3/320009) 28 Baie Surge Ganeterer — 26in,455am }————} go 32 ten) ‘od 5/320015 $0 3160018) 48 asia { Poneran Meh Sie 10 Pane bara Strip alles Widthand ——025in (4 mmyto 0.08 008 beub-s ox ook’) Theos Gin. (190mm in 010s a3 mle of 025 oro os as 06 Rouse wie Diameter - (eile or spooked) Bowe Roun rod Lengh and 18. (45S mm) and aucasi {aight Diameter Xin, 10mm fatione iets) Rectangular Wish and ——1/16:n. (1.6 mm) t0 tie(onisor——Thicknes I /Ains (4am) with 050 13 spook) in mulls af 1/32 1082 te ose a Rectangular ‘Width, Length 1/16, 3/32 and 1/8 in. ~) 0.109 28 tod (aright tedTucknes (1.628.412 mm) wide |] O15 32 eats) 18-453 mam) and 0250 a 56 in (010) eats Powder and MehSie 00 Pane Hac ar ns sev {Spc Dimension shall ea spc on purchase onder or contact, RBCuZ-A —\ orspooed) Round wire Diameter - \s2@am 08 Bow (cied Nistaosy 16 RBCZEA 3/2009) 28 RECN] Redon ——Lengthand. «== WBin,45Smmand f—] 1832 acuzeb (ran) Diameter Xin 10mm) smi 40 a6) 48 1402s) 6a sii) 80 380375) 88 Bova Powder and Mehsue Mac Bou? Paste Pi ms (conte) Copy by the Ameian ellng Sac hu Hy 05 1277-3 198AUS AS-8 52 MM 0784265 0500885 OST mm e " Table 8 (continued) Standard Sizes Aws Dimensions Width, Length, Thickness or Diameter Chasitication __Standard Form __Spesiied lor Mesh Size in mm Bowie {Sip mend we Dimensions sal be as specified on purchase order or contact, (coils o spools) BNi Cast round rod Diameter 1160.06) 16 All Classi- (straight eG) 32 fications Jengthsy® except BNi-Sa BCo Cast and Widte and 1/8 in. 0.2mm) to 0.001 0.025 wrought Thickness 4in. (02mm) = [-————}_o.nisé 0037 (ried) fot 0.002 0s Doms 0.06 Bonded powder Dimensions shall be as specified on purchase order or contract rope, shect and transfer tape! Powder and Mesh Size aoc paste \a0F 5 0.001 0.025 BNiSa foil 1/8in. 3.2 mm) 0 001s 0.037 in. (102 mm) 0.002 005 0.0025 005 x a BAR? 3,-4,-22 nd 26 as fille metal ead or bonded to cach sie of copper corso astandard form Thestandaed thickness ratio filer neta: copper coe filer metal cladding 8 12:1 or It >, BAISi2,-5, andl! filer metalclad er bonded ta an or both sides fan aluminum alloys also a standardform. Thestandardthicknesof {he filer metal cladding ito 10 pecet ofthe thickness ofthe aluminum alloy core «Tolerances sted in Table 9 do oot apply fr cast rod forms. 4. Avaliable in widths up C62. (50m Tard Fae ona opr te end pow rm 17. Marking of Packages 172 Marking of any overpacking of unit packages only requires conformance with regulation of D.O.T. or 174 The following product information (as a mini- Qther shipping agencies, Items ated tn 17.1 are not ‘mm shall be legibly marked onthe ouside ofeach unit required in any overpacking, package (1) AWS classification and specification (including the year of issue) 173 The following precautionary information (as a {@) Supplier's name and trade designation rinimum) shall be prominently displayed in legible (9) Size and net weight Print on all packages of brazing filer metals including (4) Lot, contro, or heat number individual unit packages enclosed within a larger (5) Date of manufacture for tape and paste package. Copy by the Ameian ellng Sac hu Hy 05 1277-3 198AUS AS.8 92 MM 0784265 0500866 72b mm 2 WARNING: Protect yourself and others. Read and understand this information, FUMES AND GASES can be dangerous to your health, HEAT RAYS (INFRARED RADIATION from flame or hot metal) can injure eves. © Before use, read, understand, and follow the manu- facturer’s instructions, Material Safety Data Sheets (MSDSo), and your employer's safety practices © Keep your head out of the fumes. ‘© Use enough ventilation, exhaust at the work, or both, to keep fumes and gases from your breathing zone and the general area, ‘© Wear correct eye, ear, and body protection. ‘© See American National Standard 249.1, Safety in Welding and Cuating, published by the American Welding Society, $50 N.W. LeJeune Road, P.O. Box 351040, Miami, Florida 33135; OSHA Safety ‘and Health Standards, 29 CFR 1910, available from the U.S. Government Printing Office, Wash- ington, DC 20402, DO NOT REMOVE THIS LABEL 74 In addition to the precautionary information in 17.3, all packages (including individual unit packages enclosed within a larger package) of BAg-I, BAg-la, Comite eto eis Sc “Thu Blow 05: 12:77:34 1988 " BAg-2, BAg-2a, BAg-3, BAg-27, and BAg-33 shall have asa minimum, the following cadmium warning, perma nently affixed and prominently displayed in legible print. DANGEI CONTAINS CADMIUM. Protect yourself and others, Read andunderstand this label FUMES ARE POISONOUS AND CAN KILL © Beforeuse, ead, understand, and follow the manu facturer's instructions, Material Safety Data Sheets (MSDSs) and your employer's safety practices. * Donor breathe fumes, Even brief exposure to high concentrations should be avoided. Use only with enough ventilation, exhaust at the ‘work, of both to keep fumes from your breathing zone and the general area, If this cannot be done, use air supplied respirators ‘Keep children away when using. ‘* See American Standard 249.1, Safety in Welding and Custing available from the American Welding Society, $50 N.W. LeJeune Road, P.O. Box 351040 Miami, Florida 33135; OSHA Safety and Health ‘Standards, 29 CFR 1910, available from the U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC 20802. If chest pain, shortness of breath, cough, or fever develop after use, obtain medical help immediately. DO NOT REMOVE THIS LABELAUS AS.6 92 MM 0784265 0500887 Loz mm @ : Table 9 Tolerances for Wrought Wire and Rod* Tolerances © Rectangular Nominal Size® Round Thickness With Form Condition in mom in mm in mminm Wire Cold Drawn or 0.010-0.020inel. 0.25-0.51 0.0003 0.008 0.0008 0020 0.005 0.13 Cold Rolled over 0.020-0.030 nel, 051-08 0.0005 0013 0.0016. 041.0513 ‘over 0.030-0.080 incl. 08-10 0.0007 001800018004 008-013 ‘over .040-0.080 incl. 1.01.3 0.0008 002000020 00S! 05.13 over 0050-0060 incl. 13-15 0.0010 0.025 0.0025 0.064 © 0.095. 0.13, over 0,060-0.080 incl. 15-20 0001S 0038 0.003 OR OS. OI over 0.80-0.250 incl, 20-64 0002000810004 0.10 .00S_—O.13 Rod Cold Drawn 5/32and under 40 0003008000903 M1005 or Cold Rolled 3/16 and over 43 OOM 010010025 opt 02s, (round, rectan> gular or square) Rod HotRolledor 3/64-1/16inel, «12-15 0.005013. .008 0.2010 02s & Extruded over [/16-1/8incl «16-22 0.0061, 0000902310025 Wire over /8-3/16inel «3.2.48 0007 IR 0090231028. e@ over3!16-1idinc. «48-64 0.008020 01002510025. Nowe ‘Tolerances for cas rod shal be as agreed by purchaser and supple. », Diameter or round thicknes o with fr retangua. Table 10 Tolerances for Foil Strip and Sheet “Thickness Tolerance + Wath Width 8 in. 200 mm) over 8 in Nominal Thickness and under (200 mm) 0.006 and under (0.15 and under (00008 0.015 «0.008.020 ver 0.606 -0013 ine. cover 0,150.33 inl 0010 0.025 o.cora— 82s over 0.013-0.021 inet, over 0.33-0'53 inl, 0.0015 0.038 O.001S- 038 over 0,021 -0.0%6 ine. over 0.53-0.6 inc 0.0020 00s o.com 0.051 Width Tolerance = Thickness of Thickness of| (0.062 in. (1.59 mrs) 0.063 in. (1.60 mm) to Nominal Width ‘and under 0.128 in, (3.18 mm) incl 0.06210 1.99 1025 ine ms (Os ONO cover 10-20 inel over 25-51 inl 9005 O30 023 ‘over 20-60 incl over 1-152 inal 00s 013.2030 over 60-15. incl, cover 152-381 inc 0007 ols 07a cover 150-200 inl. ‘over 381508 inc 0007 ok ani7—as Copy by the Ameian ellng Sac hu Hy 05 1277-3 198AUS AS.8 92 MM O784265 0500888 STS mm 6 Appendix Guide to AWS Specification for Filler Metals for Brazing and Braze Welding (This Appendix isnot part of ANSI/ AWS AS.8-92, Specification for Filler Metals for Brazing and Braze Welding, but is included for information only.) Al, Introduct ALL This guide has been prepared as an aid to users of, brazing filler metals, to help them determine which classi fication of brazing filler metal is best for a particular job. ‘The AWS Brazing Handbook should be consulted for more detailed information. Ifthe component will have critical applications, the latest edition of ANST/ AWS €3.3, Recommended Practices for Design, Manufac- ure, and Inspection of Critieal Brazed Components, should be followed. n AL2 This specification is intended to provide both the supplier and the user of brazing filer metals with a guide for production conteol and a basis of acceptance through mutually acceptable standard requirements. ‘This specification clasifies only those filler metals that ‘were commercially significant atthe time it was issued. ‘Other brazing filler metals, as they become commer- cially significant, may be added to the specification, and ‘those that lose their commercial significance may be dropped. AL Brazing is a group of welding processes that pro- ‘duces coalescence of materials by heating them to the brazing temperature in the presence of a filler metal having a liquidus above 840° F (450° C) and below the solidus of the base metal. The filler metal is distributed between the closely fitted faying surfaces ofthe joint by capillary action, ALA Brazing filler metals are metals that are added ‘when making braze. They have a liquidus below that of, the materials, being brazed and above 840° F (450° C), Copy by the Ameian ellng Sac hu Hy 05 1277-3 198 with properties suitable for making joints by capillary action between closely fitted surfaces. A2. Method of Classification A2A The classification method for brazing filler metals ‘= based on chemical composition rather than on ‘mechanical property requirements. The mechanical properties ofa brazed joint depend, among other things, ‘on the base metal and filler metal used. Therefore, a classification method based on mechanical properties ‘would be misleading since it would only apply if the brazing filer metal were used on a given base metal with a specific joint design. Ifa user of brazing filler metal desires to determine the mechanical properties of agiven, ‘base metal and filler metal combination, tests should be conducted using the atest edition of ANSI, AWS C3.2, Standard Method for Evaluating the Strength of Brazed Joints. A22 Bracing filler metals are standardized into seven ‘aroups of classifications as follows: silver, gold, alumi- num, copper, nickel, cobalt, and magnesium filer metals. Many filler metals of these classifications are used for joining assemblies for vacuum applications such as vacuum tubes and other electronic devices. For these critical applications, it isdesirable to hold the high vapor pressure elements to a minimum, as they usually ‘contaminate the vacuum with vaporized elements dur- ing operation of the device. Filler metals for electronic devices have been incorporated as additional “vacuum, grade” classifications within this specification.AWS AS-8 92 MM O742b5 O500885 435 Ml 6 A2.3 The basic groups of classifications of brazing filler ‘metal are identified, as shown in Tables | through 6, by the principal element in their chemical composition. Ina :ypical example, such as BCuP-2, the “B” is for brazing filler metal (as the “E” for electrodes and the “R” for welding rods in other AWS specifications). The“RB" in RBCuzZn-A, RBCuzn-C, and RBCuZn-D indicates that the filler metal is suitable as a welding rod and as @ brazing filler metal. “CuP” is for copper-phosphorus, the two principal elements in this particular brazing lle metal. (Similariy, in other brazing filler tals, Sis for silicon, Ag for silver etc., using standard chemical symbols.) The numeral or letter following the chemical symbol indicates chemical composition within a group. ‘The vacuum grade nomenclature follows the examples above, with two exceptions. The first exception is the addition of the letter “V", yielding the generic letters BV" for brazing filler metals for vacuum service. The second exception is the use ofthe grade suffix number; Grade I to indieate the more stringent requirements for high vapor pressure impurities, and Grade 2to indicate less stringent requirements for high vapor pressure impurities. Vacuum grade fille metals areconsidered (o be spatter-free. Therefore, this specification no longer lists spatter-free and nonspatter-free vacuum grades. An example of a filler metal for vacuum service is BV Ag-6b, Grade 1. Table 6 lists filer metals for vacuum serve, A3, Acceptance Acceptance of all brazing filler metals classified under this specification is in accordance with ANSI/ AWS AS.O1, Filler Metal Procurement Guidelines, as this specification states, Any testing a purchaser requires of, the supplier, for filler metal shipped in accordance with this specification, should be clearly stated in the pur- chase order, according to the provisions of ANSI/ AWS AS.OL. In the absence of any such statement in the purchase order, the supplier may ship the filler metal with whatever testing the supplier normally conducts on filler metal ofthat classification, as specified in Schedule F, Table, of ANSI/ AWS A501. Testing in accordance with any other Schedule in that Table should be specifi cally required by the purchase order. In such cases, acceptance of the filler metal shipped should be in accordance with those requirements, Ad. Certification ‘The act of placing the AWS specification and classi- fication designations on the packaging enclosing the product, or the classification on the product itself, con- Copy by the Ameian ellng Sac hu Hy 05 1277-3 198 stieutes the supplier's or manufacturer's certification that the product mects all of the requirements of the specification, ‘The only testing requirement implicit in this “certifi cation” is that the manufacturer has actually conducted the tests required by the specification on filler metal that is representative of that being shipped and that the filler metal met the requirements of this specification, Repre- sentative filler metal, inthis case, is any production run of that classification from the same heat or lot. The basis for the certification required by the specification is the classification test of “representative filler metal” cited above, and the Manufacturer's Quality Assurance Pro- gram in ANSI/AWS ASL AS, Ventilation During Brazing AS.1_ The following five major factors govern the quan~ tity of fumes to which brazers and brazing operatorscan be exposed during brazing: (1) Dimensions ofthe space in which brazing is done (with special regard to the height ofthe ceiling) (2) Number of brazers and brazing operators work- ing in that space (3) Rate of evolution of fumes, gases, or dust, accord- ing to the materials and processes involved (4) The proximity of the brazer or brazing operators to the fumes as they issue from the brazing zone, and to the gases and dusts in the space in which they are working (5) The ventilation provided tothe space in which the braving is done ‘AS2. American National Standard Z49.1-88 discusses the ventilation that is required during welding and should be referred to for details. Attentionis particularly rawn to Section 5 of that document, “Ventilation.” A6. Brazing Considerations AG6.1 To avoid confusion, solidus and liquidus are spee- ied instead of melting and flow points, The terms solidus and liquidus are defined as follows:! (1) Solidus. The highest temperature under equil rium conditions at which the metal is completely solid; ‘that i, the temperature at which melting start, (2) Liquidus. The lowest temperature under equilib- ‘ium conditions at which the metal is completely liquid; that is, the temperature at which freezing starts, 1 ASM Handbook, Sth Fd, Vol 1AUS AS.8 92 MM 0784265 0500890 157 am ‘A6.2 Table AL in the Appendix lists the solidus, Tiqui- dus, and also the recommended brazing temperature range forthe various brazing filler metals. When brazing ‘with some brazing filler metals (particularly those with @ ‘wide temperature range between solidus and liquidus), the several constituents ofthe filler metals tend to sepa rate during the melting process. The lower melting con- stituent will flow, leaving behind an unmelted residue or skull of the high-melting constituent. This occurrence, called liquation, is usually undesirable in that the ‘unmelted skull does not readily flow into the joint. However, where wide joint clearance occurs, a filer metal with a wide temperature range will usually fill the capillary joint more easily. A63 Brazing requires an understanding of several ele ments of procedures which are beyond the scope ofthis Appendix. The latest edition of the AWS Brazing Handbook should be referred to for particulars on such iterns as cleaning, brazing fluxes, brazing atmospheres, joint clearances, etc. Also, the latest edition of ANSI) AWS C3.3, Recommended Practices for Design, Manu- ‘facture, and Inspection of Critical Brazed Components, should be referred to for information on procedures for critical components A7. Brazing Characteristics and Applications ATI BAg Classifications (Silver). Brazing filer metals of the BAg classifications are used for joining most ferrous and nonferrous metals, except aluminum and ‘magnesium. These filler metals have good brazing prop- erties und are suitable for preplacement in the joint, or for manual feeding into she joint. Although ap joints are gencrally used, butt joints may be used if requirements are less stringent. Joint clearances of 0,001 to 0.005 in. (0.025 to 0.13 mm) are recommended for proper eapil- lary action. Flux is generally required, however, on most metals. When furnace brazing in a protective atmos- phere, flux is generally not required. If filler metals containing zinc or cadmium are used in a protective atmosphere furnace, the zine or cadmium is vaporized changing chemical composition as well as the solidus tind liquidus. Therefore, filler metals free of cadmium or zine are recommended for furnace brazing in a protec- tive atmosphere, ATLL BAg-I brazing filer metal has the lowest braz- ing temperature range of the BAg filler metals. It also flows most freely into narrow clearance capillary joints, Its narrow melting range is suitable for rapid or slow ‘methods of heating, This filler metal contains cadmium. ‘The special precautions of the warning label in 17.4 Copy by the Ameian ellng Sac hu Hy 05 1277-3 198 7 should be followed. BAg-I is more economical (less silver) than BAg-La AT.12 BAg-la brazing filler metal has properties similar to BAg-I. BAg-Ia has a narrower melting range than BAg-1 making it slightly more free-flowing. I also has a higher silver plus copper: zinc plus cadmium ratio ‘resulting in a slight increase in its resistance to corrosion, im chlorine, sulfur, and steam environments. Either composition may be used where low-temperature, fee owing filer metals are desired. This filer metal con- tains cadmium. ‘The special precautions of the warning. label in 17-4 should be followed. ATAL.3 BAg.2 brazing filler metal, like BAg-| is free- flowing and suited for general-purpose work. Its broader ‘melting range is helpful where clearances are wide or are not uniform. Unless heating rapid, care must be taken ‘that the lower melting constituents do not separate out by liquation. This filler metal contains cadmium, and the special precautions of the warning label in 17.4, should be followed. ATAL.4 BAg-2a brazing filler metal is similar to BAg-2, but is more economical than BAg-2, since it contains five percent less silver. This filler metal eontains cadmium. The special precautions of the warning label in 17.4 should be followed ATS BAg brazing filler metalisa modification of BAg-Ia, ic, nickel is added. It has good corrosion resistance in marine environment and caustic media, ‘When sed on stainless ste, it wilnhibitereviceinter- face) corrosion. Because is nickel content improves \wetability on tungsten carbide tool tips, the largest useis to braze carbide tool assemblies. Melting range and low fluidity make BAB3 suitable for forming lager fillets or filling wie joint clearances. This filler metal contains cadmium. The special precautions of the warning label in 17.4 should be followed ATL6 BAg- brazing filer meta, like BAg-3, is used extensively for carbide tip brazing, but flows les freely than BAg-3. This iller metal does not contain cadmiue. ATA.T BAg-S and -6 brazing filler metals are used especially for brazing inthe electrical industry. They are also used, along with BAg-7 and -24, in the dairy and food industries where the use of eadmium-containing, filler metals is prohibited. BAg-S is an excellent filler ‘metal for brazing brass parts (such as in ships piping, ‘band instruments, lamps, ete.) Since BAg-6 has a broad smelting range and is not so free-flowing as BAg-| and -2 itis better filler metal for filling wide joint clearances or forming large fillets,AWS AS-6 92 MM O7642b5 050089) 053 a " e Table A1 Solidus, Liquidus, and Brazing Temperature Ranges” AWS ne Ligcidun eo Ciasifcation °F ee °F °C °F se SILVER Bast 12s or as ois 145-1400 8-760 Bapla 160 ar 175 63s 1175-1400 635-760 Bag 112 «or 1395 02 1295-1850 702-843 Bagza 125 «ar 1310 710 1310-1380 no-23 Bags nm 632 120 oe 1270-1500 88-816 Bags 1240 oa 1435 7 1435-1680 779-499 Bags 125 663 170 743 1370-1580 743-883, Bags 17m 88 1425 ms 1425 1600 ne Bag7 has is 1205 682 1205-1400, 652-760 Bags 1s 7 135 7 195-1680, 719-859 Bagge 1410 16 110 166 1410-1600 1466-871 Bags) 1240 a ims 18 1225-1550 78-843 BAgIO 175 6 1360 78 1360-150 78-843 Bags 1395 718 1595 sr 1515-1773 857-568 Baga 1400 ™ 10 93 1600-1600 71-982 Bagis mis a 1325 18 1325-1550, 718-843 BagI9 1400 160 1635 BI 1610-1800 877-982 BAE2 1250 om 410 166 1410-1600 166-871 Baga 2s a 145 302 1475-1680, 802-899 Bap 120 eo 1290 699 1290-1325, 69-830 Bapz rm 60 780 370 1780-1900 970 1038 Bag2t 1209 «0 120s 750 1305-1550 750-843 BAg26 1305 ms 1495 a0 1475-1600 800-870 BAg2? unas as 1395 us 1375-1575, 745-860 BA 1200 69 1310 0 1310-1880 7H0-m3 BASS} 128 07 1260 92 1260-1600 e160 BARS 1200 «9 1330 ni 1530-1550 721443 BAR3S 1265 sas 1390 14 1390-1545 754-841 Bape L193 6 2st on 1251-1495, 67-413 Baga? 120 ee 1435 7 1435-1605 779-885 BVAgO i761 961 1161 961 161-1900 95-1038 BVARGb 1435 79 1602 m 1600-1800 871-982 BVAES 1435 79 1435 9 1435-1680 779-499 BVAs8® 1435 79 1463 195 1470-1680 199-899 BVAgIS is a 1325 m0 1325-1580 118-883 BVA uss 624 1505 707 1305-1450 01-788 BVAEa0 148s 07 190 410 1490-1700 810-927 BVAg3I 1515 824 1565 a2 55-1625 852-835 BYAG-2 1650 300 1709 990 1740-1800 950-982 cow BAwt wis oo 1860 1016 1860-2000 1016-1093 Baw? 1635 1 1635 91 1635-1450, 91-1010 Baus 1785 om 185 1029 1885-1995 1029-1091 Baws 189 939 im 999 1740-1840 49-1008 Baus ams 138 210 166 2130-2250 11661232 Baus 1345 1007 is 1046 1915-2080 1046-1121 Bvau2 teas #91 163s 1 1635-1850 #911010 e BVAGs 1740 90 10 90 1740-1840 949-1008 bvau7 2015 no 2030 121 250-2110 u2-1154 BVA 2190 2» 2265 120 2295-2325 120-1278 ‘eontinaed) Pe Cony by te Anticon lla Soc he “Thu Blow 05: 12:77:34 1988 a SeeAUS AS.8 92 MM 0784265 OSoOa92 T2T mm e . Table At (continued) AWS Sone ui ain Temper S ae soe. oe “Slide hows we noni compotion nach asin, Cony by te Anticon lla Soc he Spi bv 09122754 8AUS AS-8 92 MM O7842bS 0500893 bb Om 20 ATAS BAg-?7 brazing filler metal, a cadmium-free substitute for BAg-, islow-melting with good flow and wetting properties, Typical applications include the following: (U) For food equipment where cadmium must be avoided (2) Tominimize stress corrosion cracking of nickel or nickel-base alloys at low brazing temperatures (3) Where the white color will improve color match with the base metal A719 BAgS brazing filler metal is suitable for fur- nace brazing ina protective atmosphere without the use of a flux, as well as for brazing procedures requiring a flux, Itis usually used on copper or copper alloys. When. molten, BAg is very fluid and may flow out over the workpiece surfaces during some furnace brazing appli- cations. Itean also be used on stainless steel, nickel-base alloys and carbon steel although its wetting action on these metals is slow. Higher brazing temperatures will improve flow and wetting. ‘A740 BAg-8a brazing filler metal is used for braz~ ing in & protective atmosphere and is advantageous ‘when brazing precipitation-hardening and other stain- less steels in the 1400 to 1600° F (760 to 870°C) range. ‘The lithium content serves to promote wetting and to increase the flow of the filler metal on difficlt-to-braze metals and alloys. Lithium is particularly helpful on base metals containing minor amounts of titanium or aluminum, ATA.11 BAg9 and -10 filler metals ate used particu- larly for joining sterling silver. These filler metals have different brazing temperatures and so can be used for step brazing of successive joints, The color, after bra ‘ng, approximates the color of sterling silver. ATA.12 BAg-I3 brazing filler metal is used for service temperatures up to 700° F (370° C). Its low zine content makes it suitable for furnace brazing, ATAL13 BAg-13a brazing filer metal is similar to BAg-13, except that it contains no zine, which is advan- tageous where volatilization is objectionable in furnace brazing, A714 BAg-18 brazing filler metal is similar to BAg-® in its applications. Its tin content helps promote wetting on stainless steel, nickel-base alloys, and carbon steel, BAg-1I8 has a lower liquidus than BAg-8 and is used in step brazing applications where fluxiess brazing is important, ATAAS BAg-19 brazing filler metal is used for the same applications as BAg-8a, BAg-19 is often used in Cony by te Anticon lla Soc he “Thu Blow 05: 12:77:34 1988 a See higher brazing temperature applications where precip- fation-hardening heat treatment and braving are ‘combined, ATA.16 BAg-20 brazing filler metal possesses good ‘wetting and flow characteristics, and has a brazing temperature range higher than the popular Ag-Cu-Zn- Cd compositions. Due to its good brazing properties, freedom from cadmium, and a more economical silver content, new uses for this filler metal are being developed. ATLIT BAg2I brazing filler metal is used in brazing AISI 300 and 400 series stainless steels, as well as the precipitation hardening nickel and stee! alloys. BAg-21 is particularly suited to furnace brazing in a protective atmosphere because of the absence of zinc and cad ‘ium. Itéoes not require a flux for proper brazing when the temperature is 1850°F (1010°C) or above. It requires a high brazing temperature, and it flows in a sluggish manner. The nickel-rich layer (halo) formed along the fillotedges during melting and flow of the filler metal prevent erevice (interface) corrosion of stainless steels. This is particularly important for the 400 series steels that do not contain nickel and are, therefore, more susceptible to erevice (interface) corrosion. BAg-21 has ‘been used for brazing stainless steel vanes of aircraft gas turbine engines AT.L.18 BAg.22is a low-temperature, cadmium-free filler metal with improved brazing characteristics over BAg’3, particularly in brazing tungsten carbide tools. ATA.19 BAg-23 is a high-temperature, free flowing filler metal usable both for torch brazing and furnace brazing in a protective atmosphere. This filler metal is ‘mainly used in brazing stainless steel, nickel-base and ccobalt-base alloys for high-temperature applications. If this filler metal is used in a hard vacuum atmosphere, a loss of manganese will occur due to its high vapor pres- sure, Thus, a soft vacuum, produced by inert gas back filling a hard vacuum, is desirable when brazing with this filler metal AT4.20 BAg-24 brazing filer metal is low-melting, free-flowing, eadmium-free, and suitable for use in join- ing “300” series stainless’ steels (particularly food- handling equipment and hospital utensils), and small tungsten carbide inserts in cutting tools. ATA.21 BAg-26 brazing filler metal is a low-silver, ‘cadinium-free filler metal suitable for carbide and stain less stcel brazing, The filler metal is characterized by its Tow brazing temperature, good wetting and flow, and rmoderate-strength joints when used with these base metals,