Bibliography

1. Sung GH, Hywel-Jones NL, Sung JM, Luangsa-Ard JJ, Shrestha B, Spatafora JW. Phylogenetic
classification of Cordyceps and the clavicipitaceous fungi. Stud Mycol . 2007;57:5-59.
2. Zhu JS, Halpern GM, Jones K. The scientific rediscovery of an ancient Chinese herbal medicine:
Cordyceps sinensis : part I. J Altern Complement Med . 1998;4(3):289-303.
3. Li SP, Yang FQ, Tsim KW. Quality control of Cordyceps sinensis , a valued traditional Chinese
medicine. J Pharm Biomed Anal . 2006;41(5):1571-1584.
4. Holliday JC, Cleaver MP. Medicinal value of the caterpillar fungi species of the genus Cordyceps
(Fr.) Link (Ascomycetes). A review. Int J Med Mushr . 2008;10(3):219-234.
5. Zhu JS, Halpern GM, Jones K. The scientific rediscovery of a precious ancient Chinese herbal
regimen: Cordyceps sinensis : part II. J Altern Complement Med . 1998;4(4):429-457.
6. Huang LF, Liang YZ, Guo FQ, Zhou ZF, Cheng BM. Simultaneous separation and determination
of active components in Cordyceps sinensis and Cordyceps militarris by LC/ESI-MS. J Pharm
Biomed Anal . 2003;33(5):1155-1162.
7. Paterson RR. Cordyceps: a traditional Chinese medicine and another fungal therapeutic
biofactory? Phytochemistry . 2008;69(7):1469-1495.
8. Ng TB, Wang HX. Pharmacological actions of Cordyceps, a prized folk medicine. J Pharm
Pharmacol . 2005;57(12):1509-1519.
9. Wojcikowski K, Johnson DW, Gobé G. Medicinal herbal extracts—renal friend or foe? Part two:
herbal extracts with potential renal benefits. Nephrology (Carlton) . 2004;9(6):400-405.
10. Ji DB, Ye J, Li CL, Wang YH, Zhao J, Cai SQ. Antiaging effect of Cordyceps sinensis extract.
Phytother Res . 2009;23(1):116-122.
11. Wang Y, Wang M, Ling Y, Fan W, Wang Y, Yin H. Structural determination and antioxidant
activity of a polysaccharide from the fruiting bodies of cultured Cordyceps sinensis . Am J Chin
Med . 2009;37(5):977-989.
12. Won KJ, Lee SC, Lee CK, et al. Cordycepin attenuates neointimal formation by inhibiting
reactive oxygen species-mediated responses in vascular smooth muscle cells in rats. J Pharmacol
Sci . 2009;109(3):403-412.
13. Nishizawa K, Torii K, Kawasaki A, et al. Antidepressant-like effect of Cordyceps sinensis in the
mouse tail suspension test. Biol Pharm Bull . 2007;30(9):1758-1762.
14. Rao YK, Fang SH, Tzeng YM. Evaluation of the anti-inflammatory and anti-proliferation
tumoral cells activities of Antrodia camphorata , Cordyceps sinensis, and Cinnamomum
osmophloeum bark extracts. J Ethnopharmacol . 2007;114(1):78-85.
15. Zhang W, Li J, Qiu S, Chen J, Zheng Y. Effects of the exopolysaccharide fraction (EPSF) from
a cultivated Cordyceps sinensis on immunocytes of H22 tumor bearing mice. Fitoterapia .
2008;79(3):168-173.
16. Chen Y, Guo H, Du Z, Liu XZ, Che Y, Ye X. Ecology-based screen identifies new metabolites
from a Cordyceps-colonizing fungus as cancer cell proliferation inhibitors and apoptosis inducers.
Cell Prolif . 2009;42(6):838-847.
17. Wu WC, Hsiao JR, Lian YY, Lin CY, Huang BM. The apoptotic effect of cordycepin on human
OEC-M1 oral cancer cell line. Cancer Chemother Pharmacol . 2007;60(1):103-111.
18. Lee SJ, Kim SK, Choi WS, Kim WJ, Moon SK. Cordycepin causes p21WAF1-mediated G2/M
cell-cycle arrest by regulating c-Jun N-terminal kinase activation in human bladder cancer cells.
Arch Biochem Biophys . 2009;490(2):103-109.
19. Zhang G, Huang Y, Bian Y, Wong JH, Ng TB, Wang H. Hypoglycemic activity of the fungi
Cordyceps militaris , Cordyceps sinensis , Tricholoma mongolicum , and Omphalia lapidescens in
streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol . 2006;72(6):1152-1156.
20. Matsuda H, Akaki J, Nakamura S, et al. Apoptosis-inducing effects of sterols from the dried
powder of cultured mycelium of Cordyceps sinensis . Chem Pharm Bull (Tokyo) . 2009;57(4):411-
414.
21. Liu WC, Chuang WL, Tsai ML, Hong JH, McBride WH, Chiang CS. Cordyceps sinensis health
supplement enhances recovery from taxol-induced leukopenia. Exp Biol Med (Maywood) .
2008;233(4):447-455.
22. Liu WC, Wang SC, Tsai ML, et al. Protection against radiation-induced bone marrow and
intestinal injuries by Cordyceps sinensis , a Chinese herbal medicine. Radiat Res . 2006;166(6):900-
907.
23. Chiou WF, Chang PC, Chou CJ, Chen CF. Protein constituent contributes to the hypotensive
and vasorelaxant activities of Cordyceps sinensis . Life Sci . 2000;66(14):1369-1376.
24. Li HP, Hu Z, Yuan JL, et al. A novel extracellular protease with fibrinolytic activity from the
culture supernatant of Cordyceps sinensis : purification and characterization. Phytother Res .
2007;21(12):1234-1241.
25. Cho HJ, Cho JY, Rhee MH, Park HJ. Cordycepin (3'-deoxyadenosine) inhibits human platelet
aggregation in a cyclic AMP- and cyclic GMP-dependent manner. Eur J Pharmacol . 2007;558(1-
3):43-51.
26. Koh JH, Kim JM, Chang UJ, Suh HJ. Hypocholesterolemic effect of hot-water extract from
mycelia of Cordyceps sinensis . Biol Pharm Bull . 2003;26(1):84-87.
27. Lo HC, Hsu TH, Tu ST, Lin KC. Anti-hyperglycemic activity of natural and fermented
Cordyceps sinensis in rats with diabetes induced by nicotinamide and streptozotocin. Am J Chin
Med . 2006;34(5):819-832.
28. Lo HC, Tu ST, Lin KC, Lin SC. The anti-hyperglycemic activity of the fruiting body of
Cordyceps in diabetic rats induced by nicotinamide and streptozotocin. Life Sci . 2004;74(23):2897-
2908.
29. Zhang G, Huang Y, Bian Y, Wong JH, Ng TB, Wang H. Hypoglycemic activity of the fungi
Cordyceps militaris , Cordyceps sinensis , Tricholoma mongolicum , and Omphalia lapidescens in
streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol . 2006;72(6):1152-1156.
30. Zhao CS, Yin WT, Wang JY, et al. CordyMax Cs-4 improves glucose metabolism and increases
insulin sensitivity in normal rats. J Altern Complement Med . 2002;8(3):309-314.
31. Balon TW, Jasman AP, Zhu JS. A fermentation product of Cordyceps sinensis increases whole-
body insulin sensitivity in rats. J Altern Complement Med . 2002;8(3):315-323.
32. Hockaday TD. Two herbal preparations, Cordyceps Cs4 and Cogent db: do they act on blood
glucose, insulin sensitivity, and diabetes as “viscous dietary fibers?” J Altern Complement Med .
2002;8(4):403-405.
33. Ko WS, Hsu SL, Chyau CC, Chen KC, Peng RY. Compound Cordyceps TCM-700C exhibits
potent hepatoprotective capability in animal model. Fitoterapia . 2010;81(1):1-7.
34. Li Y, Xue WJ, Tian PX, et al. Clinical application of Cordyceps sinensis on immunosuppressive
therapy in renal transplantation. Transplant Proc . 2009;41(5):1565-1569.
35. Liu YK, Shen W. Inhibitive effect of Cordyceps sinensis on experimental hepatic fibrosis and
its possible mechanism. World J Gastroenterol . 2003;9(3):529-533.
36. Kuo CF, Chen CC, Lin CF, et al. Abrogation of streptococcal pyrogenic exotoxin B-mediated
suppression of phagocytosis in U937 cells by Cordyceps sinensis mycelium via production of
cytokines. Food Chem Toxicol . 2007;45(2):278-285.
37. Yoon TJ, Yu KW, Shin KS, Suh HJ. Innate immune stimulation of exo-polymers prepared from
Cordyceps sinensi s by submerged culture. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol . 2008;80(6):1087-1093.
38. Zhou X, Luo L, Dressel W, et al. Cordycepin is an immunoregulatory active ingredient of
Cordyceps sinensis . Am J Chin Med . 2008;36(5):967-980.
39. Jordan JL, Hirsch GM, Lee TD. C. sinensis ablates allograft vasculopathy when used as an
adjuvant therapy with cyclosporin A. Transpl Immunol . 2008;19(3-4):159-166.
40. Cheung JK, Li J, Cheung AW, et al. Cordysinocan, a polysaccharide isolated from cultured
Cordyceps, activates immune responses in cultured T-lymphocytes and macrophages: signaling
cascade and induction of cytokines. J Ethnopharmacol . 2009;124(1):61-88.
41. Jordan JL, Sullivan AM, Lee TD. Immune activation by a sterile aqueous extract of Cordyceps
sinensis : mechanism of action. Immunopharmacol Immunotoxicol . 2008;30(1):53-70.
42. Kuo MC, Chang CY, Cheng TL, Wu MJ. Immunomodulatory effect of exo-polysaccharides
from submerged cultured Cordyceps sinensis : enhancement of cytokine synthesis, CD11b
expression, and phagocytosis. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol . 2007;75(4):769-775.
43. Kuo YC, Tsai WJ, Wang JY, Chang SC, Lin CY, Shiao MS. Regulation of bronchoalveolar
lavage fluids cell function by the immunomodulatory agents from Cordyceps sinensis . Life Sci .
2001:68(9):1067-1082.
44. Kim HG, Shrestha B, Lim SY, et al. Cordycepin inhibits lipopolysaccharide-induced
inflammation by the suppression of NF-ΚB through Akt and p38 inhibition in RAW 264.7
macrophage cells. Eur J Pharmacol . 2006;545(2-3):192-199.
45. Wu Y, Sun H, Qin F, Pan Y, Sun C. Effect of various extracts and a polysaccharide from the
edible mycelia of Cordyceps sinensis on cellular and humoral immune response against ovalbumin
in mice. Phytother Res . 2006;20(8):646-652.
46. Siu KM, Mak DH, Chiu PY, Poon MK, Du Y, Ko KM. Pharmacological basis of 'Yin-
nourishing' and 'Yang-invigorating' actions of Cordyceps, a Chinese tonifying herb. Life Sci .
2004;76(4):385-395.
47. Park DK, Choi WS, Park PJ, et al. Immunoglobulin and cytokine production from mesenteric
lymph node lymphocytes is regulated by extracts of Cordyceps sinensis in C57Bl/6N mice. J Med
Food . 2008;11(4):784-788.
48. Leu SF, Chien CH, Tseng CY, Kuo YM, Huang BM. The in vivo effect of Cordyceps sinensis
mycelium on plasma corticosterone level in male mouse. Biol Pharm Bull . 2005;28(9):1722-1725.
49. Kuo CF, Chen CC, Luo YH, et al. Cordyceps sinensis mycelium protects mice from group A
streptococcal infection. J Med Microbiol . 2005;54(pt 8):795-802.
50. Chen JL, Chen YC, Yang SH, Ko YF, Chen SY. Immunological alterations in lupus-prone
autoimmune (NZB/NZW) F1 mice by mycelia Chinese medicinal fungus Cordyceps sinensis
-induced redistributions of peripheral mononuclear T lymphocytes. Clin Exp Med . 2009;9(4):277-
284.
51. Ka Wai Lee S, Kwok Wong C, Kai Kong S, Nam Leung K, Wai Kei Lam C.
Immunomodulatory activities of HERBSnSENSES Cordyceps—in vitro and in vivo studies.
Immunopharmacol Immunotoxicol . 2006;28(2):341-360.
52. Herda TJ, Ryan ED, Stout JR, Cramer JT. Effects of a supplement designed to increase ATP
levels on muscle strength, power output, and endurance. J Int Soc Sports Nutr . 2008;5:3.
53. Earnest CP, Morss GM, Wyatt F, et al. Effects of a commercial herbal-based formula on
exercise performance in cyclists. Med Sci Sports Exerc . 2004;36(3):504-509.
54. Colson SN, Wyatt FB, Johnston DL, Autrey LD, FitzGerald YL, Earnest CP. Cordyceps
sinensis - and Rhodiola rosea-based supplementation in male cyclists and its effect on muscle tissue
oxygen saturation. J Strength Cond Res . 2005;19(2):358-363.
55. Parcell AC, Smith JM, Schulthies SS, Myrer JW, Fellingham G. Cordyceps Sinensis
(CordyMax Cs-4) supplementation does not improve endurance exercise performance. Int J Sport
Nutr Exerc Metab . 2004;14(2):236-242.
56. Shahed AR, Kim SI, Shoskes DA. Down-regulation of apoptotic and inflammatory genes by
Cordyceps sinensis extract in rat kidney following ischemia/reperfusion. Transplant Proc .
2001;33(6):2986-2987.
57. Li CY, Chiang CS, Tsai ML, et al. Two-sided effect of Cordyceps sinensis on dendritic cells in
different physiological stages. J Leukoc Biol . 2009;85(6):987-995.
58. Yue GG, Lau CB, Fung KP, Leung PC, Ko WH. Effects of Cordyceps sinensis , Cordyceps
militaris and their isolated compounds on ion transport in Calu-3 human airway epithelial cells. J
Ethnopharmacol . 2008;117(1):92-101.
59. Ji DB, Ye J, Li CL, Wang YH, Zhao J, Cai SQ. Antiaging effect of Cordyceps sinensis extract.
Phytother Res . 2009;23(1):116-122.
60. Huang YL, Leu SF, Liu BC, Sheu CC, Huang BM. In vivo stimulatory effect of Cordyceps
sinensis mycelium and its fractions on reproductive functions in male mouse. Life Sci .
2004;75(9):1051-1062.
61. Wong KL, So EC, Chen CC, Wu RS, Huang BM. Regulation of steroidogenesis by Cordyceps
sinensis mycelium extracted fractions with (hCG) treatment in mouse Leydig cells. Arch Androl .
2007;53(2):75-77.
62. Hsu CC, Tsai SJ, Huang YL, Huang BM. Regulatory mechanism of Cordyceps sinensis
mycelium on mouse Leydig cell steroidogenesis. FEBS Lett . 2003;543(1-3):140-143.
63. Hsu CC, Huang YL, Tsai SJ, Sheu CC, Huang BM. In vivo and in vitro stimulatory effects of
Cordyceps sinensis on testosterone production in mouse Leydig cells. Life Sci . 2003;73(16):2127-
2136.
64. Mizuha Y, Yamamoto H, Sato T, et al. Water extract of Cordyceps sinensis (WECS) inhibits the
RANKL-induced osteoclast differentiation. Biofactors . 2007;30(2):105-116.
65. Vogel JH, Bolling SF, Costello RB, et al. Integrating complementary medicine into
cardiovascular medicine. A report of the American College of Cardiology Foundation Task Force
on Clinical Expert Consensus Documents (Writing Committee to Develop an Expert Consensus
Document on Complementary and Integrative Medicine). J Am Coll Cardiol . 2005;46(1):184-221.
66. Wong EL, Sung RY, Leung TF, et al. Randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial of
herbal therapy for children with asthma. J Altern Complement Med . 2009;15(10):1091-1097.