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1. Which directs the synthesis of proteins? RNA

2. The production of NADH and ATP in light reaction phase occurs in ______.  Thylakoids

3. What will be formed when a subtrate binds to an enzyme?

enzyme-subtrate complex
4. Ph level, temperature and ________ could affect enzymatic activity. Substrate concentration
5. In converting pyruvate to alcohol, what needs to be oxidized in order for the next glycolysis
reaction to occur? NAdh
6. How are the energy coming from the electrons in ETC utilized? Pump H+ through a membrane
7. In light dependent reaction, as electrons are transported from one molecule to another energy will
be used for_________. moving H+ ions from the stroma to the thylakoid  lumen. 

8. What is the product of the convertion of pyruvate into acetyl coA?

carbon dioxide and NADH are formed
9. What is the source of energy of an ATP synthase? the flow of H+ through a membrane
10. The regeneration of RUbP occurs in ______________. Stroma
11. Glycolysis leads to the production of __________ and two molecules of ATP. In the absence of
oxygen, fermentation leads to the production of ___________. Glycolysis and the Krebs cycle
convert the carbons of glucose derivatives to __________, storing the energy as ATP,
__________, and __________ pyruvate
12. Why is oxygen essential in aerobic respiration? Accepts electron\
13. What is the final electron acceptor in the ETC? oxygen
14. Light energy is converted into chemical energy in a form of ______. Atp and nadph
15. In calvin cycle, carbon dioxide reacts with Rubp
16. How many ATPs are produced in anaerobic respiration? 2 atp
17. How do enzymes speed up the reaction? Decreasing activation
18. In the light reaction phase, what causes the oxidation of specialized type of chlorophyll
molecules? Receives energy from the sun
19. Why is the Krebs cycle called a cycle? The two-carbon acetyl coA binds to a four-carbon
molecule
20. Glucose is an example of ________. Monosaccharides
21. These bind to the active site and compete with the substrate competitive inhibitor
22. Which of the following statements is wrong? Saturated fats are healthier
23. It is the energy storage in plants. Starch

24. In the Krebs cycle, the energetic production per glucose molecule is _______________. 2 6 2
25. What is present in both aerobic and anaerobic respiration? Glycolysis
26. A glucose molecule is completely broken down in glycolysis and the Krebs cycle, but these two
processes yield only a few ATPs. Where is the rest of the energy that the cell obtains from the
glucose molecule? Nadh Fadh2
27. These are organic molecules that help enzyme on its activity. Coenzyme
28. What will happen after the 2 molecules of pyruvic acid are converted to acetyl coenzymeA?
Oxygen must be present for the pyruvate to enter the Krebs cycle.
29. What will occur when oxygen is not present? Fermentation
30. How does the enzyme ATP synthase form ATP?
when passive diffusion of H ions occur.
31. Hydolysis is the process of  __________ of polymers breaking
32. Which metabolic pathway is common to both fermentation and cellular respiration? Glycoloysis
33. Which does not belong to the group ? oil
34. Which the following speed up a chemical reaction? Amylase
35. What are the chains of biomolecules consisting of many similar buidling blocks? polymers
36. NADH is a _________ of _____.  oxidized: nad
37. How do enzymes work as a catalyst? Lowering
38. What type of polysccharide is present in cell wall of plant cells. Cellulose
39. How many ATP molecules are produced in Krebs Cycle? 2
40. The immediate energy source that drives ATP  synthesis during oxidative phosphorylation is: a
difference of H+ concentration
41. What is the building blocks of proteins? Amino acids
42. Where does photosynthesis occur? Chloroplast
43. Which part of the phospholipid that makes it hydrophobic? Hydrocarbon tails
44. ATP is a short term energy storage, energy will be released _________. when 1 phosphate
group is removed
45. What is the most essential process in kreb cycle which is also essential for the electron transport
chain? formation of nadh and fadh2
46. The muscle pains from exercising too much is cause by the build up of lactic acid
47. Which reaction are most of nadh molecules come from? krebs cycle
48. How are ATP formed during the chemiosmosis reaction? The movement of hydrogen ions
from the intermembrane spac
49. Sugar molecules are produced in _____________. calvin cycle
50. The adjustment of an enzyme to snuggly fit the substrate is called induced fit
51. It refers to the energy required for a certain reaction to occur. energy activation level
52. This includes sugar and the polymers of sugar ? carbohydrate
53. Which of the following statements is correct ? Fats are composed of glycerol and fatty acid.
54. What is an example of polysaccharide ? cellulose