ZYRENE MAY RIVERA

BSN- 2

PHARMACOKINETICS

Instruction: To understand better on Pharmacokinetics, watch the following links:

1. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=uOcpsXMJcJk
2. Watch the Pharmacokinetic Series (Critic) https://www.youtube.com/watch?
v=1MnyBRNhutM&list=PLN4mLNb7L4Vfwy8DeR677YzDjfdmpg0Wh&index=1
3. After watching, answer the following questions.

A. Define Pharmacokinetics - absorption, distribution, clearance and

half time, metabolism , excretion

- pharmacokinetics, not what the drug will

do to the body , but what body does to
the drug

B. What does LADME acronym means? - liberation, absorption, distribution,

C. What do you mean by Liberation?
metabolism, excretion
- The first step in determining the onset of
action, rate of absorption, availability,
and other factors is liberation. This is true
for all drug products administered by all
modes of administration, with the
exception of intravenous (IV) and peroral
administration of correct solutions.

D. What is protein binding? - Albumin is the main protein that binds to

medications and its distribution is
determined by the hydrophobicity of the
drug molecule.
E. Define Hydrophilic - Aqueous pores ,hydrophilic-water
soluble, loves water drug (refers to slit
junctions in the membrane walls)

F. Define Hydrophobic - dissolves through the membrane's lipid

layer since it's hydrophobic, fat soluble,
and doesn't like water.
G. Define Agonist receptor - An agonist is a drug that binds to the
 receptor and produces a reaction that is
comparable to the chemical and receptor
intended.

H. Define Antagonist receptor - The antagonist is the opposite of the

agonist. It attaches to receptors and
prevents them from producing the
intended reaction.
I. Define Potency - The amount of a medicine that must be
administered in order to elicit a specific
response.

J. Define Efficacy - How well a medication achieves its

intended result
K. Define First pass effect - When drugs enter portal circulation from
the gut, the blood in these portal veins is
filtered by the liver before entering the
systemic circulation. As a result, these
drugs are exposed to metabolic enzymes,
and some may be metabolized before
reaching the systemic circulation and
their various target sites beyond the GIT.

L. Define Bioavailability - the amount of time it takes for a

medicine to be absorbed and accessible
in the general circulation
4. After defining all concepts given above, illustrate your own understanding about
pharmacokinetics. Use arrow or you can have your own concept of illustrating.

Liberation, absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion are the four main components of
pharmacokinetics (LADME). These terms are used to describe the diverse properties of various
medications in the body.

LIBERATION ABSORPTION DISTRIBUTION METABOLISM EXCRETION

-The process of -The process by -The process of - Metabolism is -The process of

releasing a which a dispersing a the process by removing a
medicinal drug pharmaceutical medicinal drug which a medicinal medicinal
from the drug enters the across the body's ingredient is substance from
formulation in body's blood fluids and tissues converted in the the body is known
which it is circulation is is known as body into other as excretion. Some
supplied is known as distribution. chemicals known medications may
known as absorption. as metabolites. never be entirely
liberation. Before Constant The following are eliminated from
the medicine absorption pharmacokinetic the body in rare
may be taken rate, parameters for situations. They
into the body, absorption rate metabolism: then build up in
this must / quantity of -Drug metabolism the tissues in an
happen. medicine left to rate vs. drug irreversible
be absorbed concentration in manner.
- Bioavailability plasma is referred
is defined as to as metabolic
the amount of clearance.
drug absorbed
divided by the
drug dose.