Era : "Assalamualaikum w.w.

good morning class"

All : "Good morning miss"
Era : "Okay, please pay attention to this slide. Can you guess what will happen if there are so
many people in a room?"

Dhev : "If there are so many people in the a room it will increase the possibility to collide with
each other"

Era : "Yes, very good Dhevira. And when compared to a room with same area but there are
less people there, which is the higher chance of a collision for each other?"
Wull : "The crowded room miss"
Era : "Very good student. It also happen in a chemical reaction. Reactions take place when
particles collide each other with a certain amount of energy. For a reaction to happen, the
particles must have effective collision; particles must have enough energy and collide at
the correct orientation. The collision theory explains the factors that affect the rate of
reactions. Well lets see the visualization of particle's collision"
Era : "In the first and second picture, the particle is collide but, at the incorrect orientation so
there is no reaction happened. The third picture, the particle is collide at the correct
orientation so there is a reaction occured. In the last picture, shows that the occurrence of
a reaction does not only require collisions and correct orientation. But also must have
enough energy and if there is no enough energy, the reaction is not happened. Do you
understand up to here?"
All : "Yes miss"
Era : "The collision theory explains the factors that affect the rate of reactions. So, do you
know what factors affect the reaction rate?
All : "Not yet miss"
Era : "Well, There are four main factors that can affect the reaction rate of a chemical
reaction, concentration, surface area, temperature, and catalyst effect. But, today we
learn concentration effect and surface area effect"
Era : "Now, please pay your attention to this slide. Compare and analyze this reaction. The
first figure is 5 mL of 1 M Na2S2O3 react with 5 mL of 1 M HCl and the second figure
is 5 mL of 0,5 M Na 2S2O3 react with 5 mL of 1 M HCl. Can you guess which reaction
is faster?"
Dhev : "I think the first reaction is faster that the second reaction miss because the Na 2S2O3
on the first reaction has a greater concentration than on the second reaction"
Era : "Great answer, Dhevira. So today we will learn about collision theory and factors that
affect the reaction rate. Collision theory explains why different reactions occur at
different rates, and suggests ways to change the rate of a reaction. Collision theory states
that for a chemical reaction to occur, the reacting particles must collide with one another.
The rate of the reaction depends on the frequency of collisions. The theory also tells us
that reacting particles often collide without reacting. A chemical reaction is thought to
occur because the molecules of the reacting substances collide with one another.
However, not all collisions between molecules produce reactions. there are two
conditions necessary for the collision to produce a product. first, the collision between
molecules must be on target. second, the collision must produce sufficient energy to
break the bonds in the reactant molecules. A collision that is on target and produces
enough energy for a reaction to occur is known as an effective collision. So, to strengthen
your understanding, please look at this animation. Clear up to here student?"
All : "Yes miss"
Era : "Can we move to the next material?"
All : "Yes miss"
Era : "The next material is about factors that affect the reaction rate. There are 4 factors, there
are concentration factors, temperature factors, surface area factors, and catalyst effect.
The first factors is concentration factors. Raising the concentrations of reactants makes
the reaction happen at a faster rate. At a higher concentration, there are more particles in
the same amount of space. This means that the particles are more likely to collide and
therefore more likely to react. If the concentration of reactants is increased, there are
more reactant particles moving together. There will be more collisions and so the reaction
rate is increased. The higher the concentration of reactants, the faster the rate of a
reaction will be. Pay attention to this animation. have you got an illustration of the
concentration factor?"
All : "Yes miss"
Era : "Okay Lets move to the next factors. When the temperature is increased, molecules
move more rapidly, which means that they collide more frequently, but more importantly,
 that they collide with GREATER ENERGY. Higher energy collisions are more likely to
be effective collisions, and lead to the rearrangement of atoms and the formation of
products. The higher the temperature, the faster the rate of a reaction. An increase in
reaction temperature will increase the kinetic energy of the reactant molecules. it means
that more and more molecules have kinetic energy that exceeds the value of activation
energy. thus, when the reactant molecules collide with each other enough energy is
generated to break the bonds of reactant molecules and form product molecules. thus the
rate of reaction also increases. So pay attention to this animation. Is that cleat student"
All : "Yes miss"
Era : "So the next materials is surface area factors. Any reaction involving a solid can only
take place at the surface of the solid. If the solid is split into several pieces, the surface
area increases. What effect will this have on rate of reaction? Why do finer pieces react
faster? In a heterogeneous mixture of reagents, the reaction only occurs in the boundary
plane of the mixture which is hereinafter called the touch plane. Therefore, the wider the
touch area, the faster it reacts. So the finer the size of the solid pieces the more surface
area they are. The smaller the pieces, the larger the surface area. This means more
collisions and a greater chance of reaction. So this is the animation. Is that clear?"
All : "Yes miss"
Era : "The last factors is catalyst factors. A way to speed up the reaction rate is to decrease
the activation energy of a reaction. This can be done using a catalyst. Catalysts are
substances that can increase the rate of the reaction without undergoing permanent
chemical changes. Catalysts can work by forming intermediates or by absorbing the
substance being reacted. A reaction that uses a catalyst is called a catalyst reaction and
the process is called catalism. The catalyst for a reaction is usually written above the
arrow. Catalysts work by providing an alternate pathway for the reaction: one in which
less energy is required in order to have an effective collision. Put another way, a catalyst
lowers the Activation Energy that is required for reactants to be converted into products.
Some catalysts can increase the rate of a great number of different reactions, while other
catalysts, such as the enzymes in living systems, are specific to just one reaction, or even
to just a single type of reactant molecule. And this is the illustration of catalyst factors"
Era : "So students after all the materials that have been given, any question so far?"
All : "No miss"
Era : "Okay students. Thankyou for your attention, see you next week. Wassalamualaikum"
All : "Waalaikumsalam"