ASSIGNMENT 1 FRONT SHEET

Qualification BTEC Level 5 HND Diploma in Computing

Unit number and title Unit 9: Software Development Life Cycle
Submission date 08 Apr 2021 Date Received 1st submission
Re-submission Date 15 Apr 2021 Date Received 2nd submission
Student Name Phan Quoc Hieu Student ID GCD19971

Class GCD0807B Assessor name Mr. Ananta Kar

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Contents
A. Describe different software development lifecycles:..............................................................................5
I. OVERVIEW SDLC:............................................................................................................................5
1. What is software development lifecycles (SDLC)?.........................................................................5
II. Describe two iterative and two sequential software lifecycle models(P1):.........................................6
1. Waterfall Model:..............................................................................................................................6
2. V-Model:..........................................................................................................................................7
3. Spiral Model:....................................................................................................................................8
4. Agile Model:....................................................................................................................................9
III. Explain how risk is managed in the Spiral lifecycle model:..........................................................10
1. Which is most suitable model for Tune Source and discuss why?................................................11
B. Explain the importance of a feasibility study:......................................................................................11
IV. Explain the purpose of a feasibility report:....................................................................................11
1. What is feasibility study?...............................................................................................................11
2. Purpose of feasibility study:...........................................................................................................11
3. When to use feasibility study:........................................................................................................12
V. Describe how technical solutions can be compared:.........................................................................12
1. Web development:.........................................................................................................................12
2. Language:.......................................................................................................................................12
3. Database:........................................................................................................................................13
C. Bibliography.........................................................................................................................................14
Figure:

Figure 1. Software development lifecycles....................................................................................................5

Figure 2. Waterfall Model..............................................................................................................................6
Figure 3.V-Model...........................................................................................................................................7
Figure 4. Spiral Model....................................................................................................................................8
Figure 5. Agile Model.....................................................................................................................................9
Figure 6. Example picture about feasibility study........................................................................................11

Table:

Table 1. Advantages and Disadvantages of Waterfall Model........................................................................7

Table 2. Advantages and Disadvantages of V-Model....................................................................................8
Table 3. Advantages and Disadvantages of Spiral Model..............................................................................9
Table 4. Advantages and Disadvantages of Agile Model.............................................................................10
Table 5. Explain how risk is managed in the Spiral lifecycle model...........................................................10
Table 6. Compare Wix and Joomla..............................................................................................................12
Table 7. Compare Java and Php...................................................................................................................12
Table 8. Compare Mongo DB and Microsoft access....................................................................................13
 A. Describe different software development lifecycles:
I. OVERVIEW SDLC:
The Software Development Life Cycle (SDLC) is a framework for planning, creating, and analyzing
high-quality software in the software industry. The SDLC is designed to deliver high-quality software that
meets or exceeds consumer requirements and is completed on schedule and on budget.[ CITATION
Kra201 \l 1033 ]
 The acronym SDLC stands for Software Development Life Cycle.
 Software Development Phase is another name for it.
 The Software Development Life Cycle (SDLC) is a structure that describes the activities
that must be accomplished at each level of the software development process.
 The international standard ISO/IEC 12207 controls device life-cycle operations. It aspires
to be the industry standard for identifying both software production and maintenance activities.
1. What is software development lifecycles (SDLC)?
Software development lifecycles (SDLC) is the process followed for a software project within a
software organization. It consists of a detailed plan describing the development, maintenance, replacement
and modification or improvement of specific software. The life cycle defines a methodology for
improving the quality of the software and the overall development process.
The following figure is a graphical representation of the various stages of a typical SDLC:
 Figure 1. Software development lifecycles.

II. Describe two iterative and two sequential software lifecycle models(P1):
There are many different software development lifecycle models that are defined and designed
according to the software development process. Software development process model is another name for
these models. Each process model follows a unique set of steps to ensure progress in the software
development process.
Following are the most important and popular SDLC models followed in the industry:
 Waterfall Model
 Iterative Model
 Spiral Model
 V-Model
 Big Bang Model
Below is a description of two repeating and two sequential software life cycle models:
1. Waterfall Model:
a. What is waterfall Model?
Waterfall Model is a sequential model that divides software development into pre-defined phases.
Each phase must be completed before the next phase can begin with no overlap between the phases. Each
phase is designed for performing specific activity during the SDLC phase. It was introduced in 1970 by
Winston Royce. [ CITATION Gur21 \l 1033 ]
 Figure 2. Waterfall Model.
b. Advantages and Disadvantages of Waterfall Model:
Advantages Disadvantages
Before the next phase of development, each phase Error can be fixed only during the phase
must be completed
Suited for smaller projects where requirements are It is not desirable for complex project where
well defined requirement changes frequently
Project is completely dependent on project team Clients valuable feedback cannot be included with
with minimum client intervention ongoing development phase
Any changes in software are made during the Small changes or errors that arise in the completed
process of the development software may cause a lot of problems
Table 1. Advantages and Disadvantages of Waterfall Model.
c. When to use SDLC Waterfall Model:
 Project is short.
 Requirement is clear.
 Environment is stable.
 Application is not complicated and big.
 Requirements are not changing frequently.
2. V-Model:
a. What is V-Model?
V - Model means the Verification and Authentication Model (also known as the V-Shaped Model).
Like the waterfall model, the V-Shaped lifecycle is a sequential execution path of processes. Each stage
must be completed before the next stage begins. Product testing is scheduled in parallel with a
corresponding development phase. This model teaches us how to effectively use testing early in the
development process.
 Figure 3.V-Model.
d. Advantages and Disadvantages of V-Model:
Advantages Disadvantages
Best suitable for small and medium size projects. Not suitable for bigger and complex projects.
Progress goes in very systematic way. Not a good option if requirement changes
frequently.
Testing starts from requirement phase. The client sees the only final project, not
intermediate modules.
Easy to keep track on progress. Don’t scope for risk management and risk
mitigation.
Time saving, quick. Least flexible.
Table 2. Advantages and Disadvantages of V-Model.
e. When to use SDLC V-Model:
 The V-shaped model should be used for small to medium sized projects where
requirements are clearly defined and fixed.
 The V-Shaped model should be chosen when ample technical resources are available with
needed technical expertise.
3. Spiral Model:
a. What is Spiral Model:
The helical model originally proposed by Boehm, is one of the most important Software Development
Lifecycle models, it focuses more on risk analysis. The exact number of turns is unknown and can vary
from project to project. It deploys the potential for rapid development of new versions of software. The
radius of the helix at any point represents the cost of the project to date, and the angular size represents the
progress made so far in the current period.
 Figure 4. Spiral Model.
f. Advantages and Disadvantages of Spiral Model:
Advantages Disadvantages
Good for big and important projects. Expensive model to use.
The number of risk analysis is high, avoiding the Risk analysis requires high specific expertise.
risks that arise.
There is flexibility in request. Not suitable for small projects.
Customer satisfaction. Difficulty in time management.
Strong approval and documentation control. Documentation is more as it has intermediate
phases.
Table 3. Advantages and Disadvantages of Spiral Model.
g. When to use SDLC Spiral Model:
 When costs and risk evaluation is important.
 For medium to high-risk projects.
 Requirements are complex.
 New product line.
 Significant changes are expected.
4. Agile Model:
a. What is Agile Model?
Agile refers to a group of methodologies, is one of the simple and effective processes to turn vision for
business software solutions needs. Agile methods divide tasks into smaller repetitions or parts that are not
directly related to long-term planning. The leadership philosophy encourages teamwork, self-organization
and accountability, a set of best engineering practices to enable the rapid delivery of high-quality software.
It encourages flexible responses to fit the project. Each build increments in functionality; The final build
holds all the features required by the customer.

Figure 5. Agile Model.

h. Advantages and Disadvantages of Agile Model:
Advantages Disadvantages
Resource requirements are minimum. There is a very high personal dependency, as
minimal documentation has to be produced.
Easy to manage. The project can easily get taken off track if the
customer representative is not clear what final
outcome that they want.
People and interaction are emphasized more than More risk of sustainability, maintainability and
processes and tools. extensibility.
Customer satisfaction. Transfer of technology to new team members may
be quite challenging due to lack of documentation.
Good model for environments that change Not suitable for handling complex dependencies.
steadily.
Table 4. Advantages and Disadvantages of Agile Model.
i. When to use SDLC Agile Model:
 Suitable for small projects.
 When frequent changes are required.
 When a highly qualified and experienced team is available.
 When a customer is ready to have a meeting with a software team all the time.
III. Explain how risk is managed in the Spiral lifecycle model:
No Probabilit Risk
Identify Risk Impact Risk Factor Risk Response Plan
: y Priority
 Application of
1 inappropriate Feasibility study
50% 88% 44% M
model

Not having the Adhere to software

2 quality software testing and improve
75% 50% 37% L
product. development process.
Spiral model helps to sift
No quality through and find
3
documentation. 40% 60% 24% L important and necessary
documents.

Spiral model has a helix

Expensive radius at any point that
4
model. 85% 96% 81% H represents the cost of the
project.

Table 5. Explain how risk is managed in the Spiral lifecycle model.

1. Which is most suitable model for Tune Source and discuss why?
There are many models that can be used in the project. But the spiral model was chosen by me in this
project because it has many benefits for the project. For example, a spiral model has many phases, making
it possible to detect risks from the very first stages. Estimating costs is as easy as completing a prototype
in a small fragment. It can strictly control documentation and approval. In addition, it always has time for
customers to give feedback on the product. That is the model that best suits my project, and will only
apply it in this project.
B.Explain the importance of a feasibility study:
IV. Explain the purpose of a feasibility report:
1. What is feasibility study?
A feasibility study is an evaluation of the practicality or proposed methodology of a plan, or an
analysis that takes into account all relevant elements of the project. Managers often use this method to
analyze the pros and cons of a project before they invest money and time into it. Feasibility studies can
also provide valuable knowledge to a company's management, preventing blind, risky entry into projects.
 Figure 6. Example picture about feasibility study.
5. Purpose of feasibility study:
 Get to know all the possible aspects of a project.
 Knowing the risks or potential problems in the project in advance, by analyzing the pros
and cons in the feasibility study method.
 Considering all the important factors, is the project feasible? Worth it for the investor to do
it or not?
 Helping to make the right project decisions.
 Improved project team focus.
6. When to use feasibility study:
 Before sign off of the project.
 Before starting your project.
 Different phase of software development.
 Before approving project.
V. Describe how technical solutions can be compared:
1. Web development:
Wix Joomla
Diversity of documents Diversity of documents
Without third-party assistance Have third party assistance
Limited number of templates The number of templates is not limited
Easy to use Easy to use
Does not support open source Open-source support
Full Featured eCommerce Support Basic eCommerce Support
Table 6. Compare Wix and Joomla.
 The comparison from Table 6 shows that both Joomla and Wix have their own strengths. Overall,
however, Joomla is somewhat better than Wix because it is more supported than Wix. A small example
shows that, if you want to build a website that allows you to freely edit code, customize and use third-
party templates and extensions then choose Joomla, Joomla can help you do the above. Joomla can create
any website from simple to complex with Joomla. In addition, Joomla comes with a multitude of
templates to choose from. That is why I will be using Joomla in my project this time.
7. Language:
Java PHP
Interpreted Compiled
Executed on the server Executed on the client's machine
Cheaper to develop and maintain A higher level of security
Easier to rebuild and customize Better debugging tools
Faster if talking about web pages A richer set of API's
For small and medium projects General-purpose For large projects
Table 7. Compare Java and Php.
Based on the 7th table shows that Java and PHP both have their own strengths. Both languages are
open source and object oriented. However, PHP has some more prominent features than Java. For
example, PHP hits the market at a low cost, fast, and is perfectly suited for small businesses that need a
simple solution like e-commerce or retail. PHP also has better support for web programming than Java.
PHP is inexpensive, easy to develop and maintain. PHP is the right language for my project and I will use
it for the project.
8. Database:
Mongo DB MySQL
MongoDB represents data as a JSON document. MySQL represents data in tables and rows.
MySQL requires you to define your tables and
MongoDB is not limited to schema design.
columns before you can store anything.
MySQL is quite slow compared to MongoDB
Capable of handling unstructured big data
while handling large databases.
Real-time analytics, content management, internet
Structured data with clear schema
of things, mobile apps
No schema definition required so lesser risk of
Risk of SQL injection attacks
attack due to design
MySQL uses the Structured Query Language
MongoDB uses JavaScript as query language.
(SQL).
Table 8. Compare Mongo DB and MySQL.
MongoDB and MySQL are two extremely popular databases today. They all have their own strengths.
But MongoDB has some outstanding features that MySQL doesn't have. For example, MongoDB is very
flexible and adapts to the real-world situations and requirements of the business world. MongoDB
provides primary and secondary indexes on any field. In addition, MongoDB also supports data
replication, the DBMS system is flexible to increase or decrease the scale.
 C.Bibliography
Guru, 2021. https://www.guru99.com. [Online]
Available at: https://www.guru99.com/what-is-sdlc-or-waterfall-model.html
[Accessed 20th January 2021].
Kramer, 2020. https://www.tutorialspoint.com. [Online]
Available at: https://www.tutorialspoint.com/sdlc/sdlc_overview.htm
[Accessed 7th July 2020].
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