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UNDERSTANDTING CULTURE SOCIETY AND POLITICS

1st Semester 2nd Quarter Week 1-2 (UCSP 1S2QW12)

WEEKLY HOME LEARNING PLAN

Teacher: GILLIAN MEI M. SANCHEZ Quarter: Second

Subject: UCSP School Year: 2021-2022
Grade Level and Section/s: GRADE 11

DAY
WEEK MELCS Learning Task Mode of Delivery
S
the context, content,
processes and Activity 1, page 2 Have the parents hand-
Mon- consequences of ASSESSMENT 1, page 2 in the completed
1
Thu socialization. ASSESSMENT 2, page 3 activities in school every
(UCSP11/12BMS-Ig- Activity 2, page 4 Monday.
16)

Analyze The Forms

Have the parents hand-
and Functions of
Mon- in the completed
2 Social Organizations Activity 3, page 4
Thu activities in school every
(UCSP11/12HSO-IIJ-
Monday.
22)

For Digital Learners, do your activity on a sheet of paper and upload it here
➔ https://forms.gle/QfGvo5RDHf863B9n6 this will also be the link for your other quizzes and activities.
You can also scan the QR code.

FORMS AND FUNCTIONS OF STATE AND NON-STATE INSTITUTIONS

What is a State?
State, a political organization of society, the body politic, the institutions of government. The country is a form
of human association distinguished from other social groups by its purpose, the establishment of order and
security; its methods, the laws and their enforcement; its territory, the area of jurisdiction or geographic
boundaries; and its sovereignty. The state consists, of the agreement of the individuals on the means whereby
disputes are settled in the form of laws. In such countries as the United States, Australia, Nigeria, Mexico,
and Brazil, the term state (or a cognate) also refers to political units, not sovereign themselves, but subject
to the authority of the more significant state or federal union.

What are non-state institutions?

A group of people or any organizations which are not affiliated with the national government. Sometimes
called a non-state entity. For instance, these non- state institutions are private banks, private corporations,
cooperatives, non- governmental organizations (NGO) and Trade Unions. These institutions have several
functions and roles in our society as part of the nation-building.

Four Elements of the State

Sovereignty is understood as the inherent power of a state to control its internal or domestic affairs without
external interference. As a sovereign state, the Philippines possesses coequal status with the other
independent states in terms of rights, privileges, obligations and duties imposed by international law. One of
the obligations of every state is to respect coequal states by not meddling in the others internal affairs. This
includes the manner and method on how they control its government.

Philippines is a sovereign and independent state. Even freshmen political science students know that the
Philippines possesses the basic four elements and attributes of a state: 1) people; 2) territory; 3)
sovereignty; and 4) government.
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Theories of the State
Most political theories of the state can roughly be classified into two categories. The first, which includes
liberal or conservative theories, treats capitalism as a given, and concentrates on the function of states in a
capitalist society. Theories of this variety views the state as a neutral entity distinct from both society and the
economy.

1. Marxist Theory
Marxist theory, emphasizes the relationship between economic power and political power. Marxists
view the state as the organizing committee of the ruling class. It is the instrument through which the
ruling class coordinates and exercises its rule of the other classes, and thereby maintains its status
as the ruling class. For Marxist theorists, the role of the non-socialist state is determined by its function
in the global capitalist order. Marx’s early writings portrayed the country as “parasitic,” built upon the
superstructure of the economy and working against the public interest.

2. Anarchism
The term anarchism is derived from the negation of the Greek term arché, which means first principle,
foundation, or ruling power. It is a political philosophy that considers states immoral and instead
promotes a stateless society – anarchy. Anarchists believe that the state is inherently an instrument
of domination and repression, no matter who is in control of it. They also believe that the state
apparatus should be completely dismantled and an alternative set of social relations created, which
would be unrelated to state power.

3. Pluralism
Pluralists view society as a collection of individuals and groups competing for political power. An
example of pluralism is a society where people with different cultural backgrounds keep their tradition.
They view the state as a neutral body that enacts the will of whichever group dominates the electoral
process. Within the pluralist tradition, Robert Dahl developed the theory of the state as a neutral arena
for contending interests. He also viewed governmental agencies as merely another set of competing
interest groups. The pluralist approach suggests that the modern democratic state acts in response
to pressures that are applied by a variety of related interests. Dahl called this kind of state a
polyarchy(Krouse 1982).

ASSESSMENT 1
TRUE OR FALSE. Write T if the statement is correct and F if it is wrong.

1. A sovereign state is a political organization with a centralized government that has supreme independent
authority over a geographic area.
2. People cannot constitute a state unless they inhabit in a definite territory.
3.The four essential elements of the state are the following: Population, territory, government, and
sovereignty.
4. A community of persons does not form a state unless a stable government organizes it.
5. Liberal and conservative theories of the state tend to see the state as a neutral entity separated from
society and the economy.
6. Robert Dahl developed the theory of the state as a neutral arena for contending interests.
7. A group of people or any organizations are not affiliated with the national government.
8. One of the obligations of every state is to respect coequal states by not meddling in the other’s internal
affairs.
9. An example of pluralism is a society where people with different cultural backgrounds keep their tradition.
10. Marxists view the state is the organizing committee of the ruling class.
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FUNCTIONS AND IMPORTANCE OF EDUCATION IN THE SOCIETY

Education is the most crucial aspect of society which should be given considerable attention in order for it to
become a powerful tool in making every individual a catalyst of change. Changes is very important in socially
progressive and functional community.

The Functions of Education

Functional theory stresses that education serves in fulfilling a society’s various needs and feasibly the most
important function of education is socialization. The French sociologist Émile Durkheim (1858–1917),
established the academic discipline of sociology, characterized schools as “socialization agencies that teach
children how to get along with others and prepare them for adult economic roles”. Indeed, it seems that
schools have taken on this responsibility in full. If children are to learn the norms, values, and skills they need
to function in society, then education is a primary vehicle for such learning. Schools teach the three Rs
(reading, ‘riting, ’rithmetic), as we all know, but they also teach many of the society’s norms and values.

A second function of education is social integration. For a society to work, functionalists say, people must
subscribe to a common set of beliefs and values. As this development was a goal of the system of free,
compulsory education that developed in the nineteenth century.

A third function of education is social placement. Beginning in grade school, students are identified by
teachers and other school officials either as bright and motivated or as less bright and even educationally
challenged. Depending on how they are identified, children are taught at the level that is thought to suit them
best. In this way, they are presumably prepared for their later stations in life. Whether this process works as
well as it should, is an important issue, and we explore it further when we discuss school tracking later in this
chapter.

Social and cultural innovation is a fourth function of education. Our scientists cannot make important scientific
discoveries, artists and thinkers cannot come up with great works of art unless they have been educated in
the many subjects they need to know for their chosen path.

Schools ideally perform many important functions in modern society. These includes socialization, social
integration, social placement, and social – cultural innovation. Functionalists view education as an important
social institution that contributes both manifest and latent functions. Education also involves several latent
functions, like by-products of going to school and receiving an education rather than a direct effect of the
education itself. One of these is child care: Once a child starts kindergarten and then first grade, for several
hours a day the child is taken care of for free. The establishment of peer relationships is another latent
function of schooling. Most of us met many of our friends while we were in school and some of those
friendships endure the rest of our lives. For education to serve its many functions, various kinds of reforms
are needed to make our schools and the process of education as effective as possible.

Importance of Education

Educational institutions are important in reproducing the existing belief system and practices of a particular
society. It accomplishes this goal by allotting to the individual learners the roles they need to fulfill as adult
members of society.

Horace Mann, an American educational reformer, proposed that education could cure ills. He believed that
education is the great equalizer by giving the people the knowledge and technical skills to participate in
national development. Education is one of the most pervasive institutions that determines one’s future status.
Hence, many people believe in education-based meritocracy or the belief that education is the great equalizer
and the key to succeed. Filipinos, for example, believe in value of education that they are willing to sacrifice
everything just to finish college (Lanuza and Raymundo 2016, p.81).
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ASSESSMENT 2

TRUE OR FALSE. Write T if the statement is correct and F if it is wrong.

1. A second function of education is social integration.
2. Functionalists view education as one of the more important social institutions in a society.
3. This socialization also involves learning the rules and norms of the society as a whole. In the early days of
compulsory education, students learned the dominant culture.
4. A third function of education is social placement. Beginning in grade school, students are identified by
teachers and other school officials either as bright and motivated or as less bright and even educationally
challenged.
5. Education promotes social inequality through the use of tracking and standardized testing and the impact
of its “hidden curriculum.” Schools differ widely in their funding and learning conditions, and this type of
inequality leads to learning disparities that reinforce social inequality.
6. Horace Mann, an American educational reformer, proposed that education could cure ills
7. Functionalists view education as an important social institution that contributes both manifest and latent
functions.
8. This socialization also involves learning the rules and norms of the society as a whole. In the early days of
compulsory education, students learned the dominant culture.
9. Functionalists believe that education equips people to perform different functional roles in society.
10. Education is one of the most pervasive institutions that determines one’s future status.

ACTIVITY 1:
ESSAY

Directions: Pick
only 1 question
and answer in
150 words.
Questions:
1. What is the
issue about
West Philippines
Sea and as a
student what can
you contribute to
resolve it?
2. What is
education? Why
is it important?
What can you do
as a student to
improve the
quality of
education?